CN103834848A - Steel for boron-containing prestressed steel wires and steel strands and smelting process thereof - Google Patents
Steel for boron-containing prestressed steel wires and steel strands and smelting process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of smelting, and particularly relates to a smelting process of steel for boron-containing prestressed steel wires and steel strands. The process comprises the following steps: preparing molten iron, waste steel and raw iron serving as raw materials; during smelting of a revolving furnace, adding slag charge, performing the operation of raising high carbon content and post blowing, controlling the end point C over 0.4 percent, and controlling the end point P below 0.015 percent; during steel tapping of the revolving furnace, adding silicon carbide, lime and an alloy serving as deoxidizing materials in sequence along with the steel flow; during refining, deoxidizing the top of the slag by adopting the silicon carbide, wherein the target refining final alkalinity is 1.7; after refining, performing soft argon blowing at the bottom of a steel ladle; during continuous casting, feeding Xibao special high-carbon steel protection slag to a crystallizer; and electromagnetically stirring the crystallizer, casting at a low superheat degree, performing forced cooling during secondary cooling, and electromagnetically stirring at the tail end. By adopting the smelted steel for the boron-containing prestressed steel wires and the steel strands, qualification of chemical components can be ensured. During pulling and twisting of parent metal, the fracture times due to generic defects, sundries and carbon segregation on the surface of a casting blank can be reduced effectively.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of smelting, relate in particular to a kind of prestressing steel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
High strength low relaxed prestress concrete structure is high-effect steel with steel wire and steel strand, be widely used in the engineering fields such as Highrise buildings, Longspan Bridge, petrochemical complex and railway, there is high strength, high tenacity, the low performance such as loose, corrosion-resistant, belong to the rigid line product of high-tech content, high added value.
The usage quantity maximum of steel wire and steel strand for 1860 grades of prestressed concrete structures in the market, the main raw material of producing this series products is that the gren rod of Φ 11~13mm becomes compressor wire and steel strand through drawing, twisting.Because user no longer carries out lead bath processing to wire rod before production, and use is high-speed and automatic equipment is carried out continuous drawing, and require to obtain the finished product of excellent mechanical performances, thereby wire rod should have high precision size, stable chemical composition, pure steel, good mechanical property and sorbitic rate and reaches more than 80~85% metallographic structures.
Therefore quite harsh with the production requirement of steel to compressor wire and steel strand, the smelting process for production aspect steel-making has the main points of the following aspects: (1) strictly controls chemical composition, makes composition narrow fluctuation range, carries out microalloy treatment simultaneously.Chemical Composition Control is one of important factor affecting mother metal mechanical property, because wire rod specification is larger, can add a small amount of Cr and B element to carry out microalloy treatment in production practice, improves on the one hand wire rod hardening capacity, on the other hand crystal grain thinning.But add after B element, easily cause slab surface crack.(2) ensure Cleanliness of Molten Steel, reduce large inclusions and obnoxious flavour content.In mother metal, larger brittle inclusion can cause wire rod drawing fracture, therefore, by suitable furnace outer refining process and slag compound composition, in promoting endogenous inclusion floating and absorption, improves inclusion plastic deformation ability; Casting process protective casting, reduces the suction of obnoxious flavour, notes crystallizer technological operation, avoids slag to cause larger external inclusion.(3) control strand Central Carbon Segregation.Research shows, the serious carbon segregation in strand center can cause wire rod heart portion to occur cementite network or martensite fragility tissue, and wire rod is easy fracture in drawing and twisting process.
Weighing compressor wire and steel strand has two aspects by the important indicator of steel quality, and the one, every mechanical property of final finished meets the requirements.This more easily meets at present, controls chemical composition and rolling cooling system well and just can realize.The 2nd, reduce or avoid the fracture of mother metal in drawing and twisting process.Mother metal fracture meeting in process of production directly affects production efficiency, production cost and final product quality, for steel-making aspect, control steel inclusion, cc billet surface quality, Central Carbon Segregation are the three large key factors that affect mother metal fracture, are also that each produces the difficult problem that product man runs at present.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the present invention is directed to boracic compressor wire and steel strand steel a kind of smelting technology is provided, ensure that chemical composition is qualified, and as much as possible reduce steel inclusion, improve steel purity; Ensure cc billet surface quality, reduce wire rod surface imperfection; Reduce as far as possible strand Central Carbon Segregation, cementite network and the martensite of avoiding stocking center to cause because of carbon segregation, finally reach boracic compressor wire and steel strand steel wire rod in meeting mechanical property, reduce and even stop the object that fracture appears in wire rod in drawing, twisting process.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the invention provides a kind of boracic compressor wire and steel strand smelting steel technique, comprise production stages such as adding raw material, converter smelting, refining and continuous casting, concrete operations are as follows:
(1) in converter, add raw material molten iron, steel scrap and the pig iron,
Molten iron requires: Si:0.20~0.80%(constituent content is massfraction, lower with), P≤0.12%, S≤0.035%, temperature T >=1280 DEG C,
Steel scrap accounts for the proportion 10%~15% of raw material total amount, and the proportion that the pig iron accounts for raw material total amount is 3%~10%, and the total Intake Quantity of raw material is stabilized in 130~140t/ stove;
(2) in converter steelmaking process, add slag charge 8~10t/ stove, and carry out the high operation of re-blowing of drawing, converter tapping terminal C is controlled at more than 0.4%, terminal P controls below 0.015%, tapping temperature is at 1620 DEG C~1660 DEG C, and smelting cycle is 28-32 minutes, and height draws re-blows in operation, after-blow number of times is not more than 1 time, tap and add successively silicon carbide, alloy and lime with steel stream at 1/4 o'clock, the tapping time is controlled 4~5 minutes, and alloy amount as far as possible once fills up, alloy amount is added in refining should be less than 10% of alloy total amount, and, in tapping process, forbid lower slag
Above-mentioned slag charge is lime, rhombspar or magnesium ball,
When above-mentioned tapping 1/4, add successively silicon carbide, alloy and lime with steel stream, alloy and lime, alloy is silicomanganese, high carbon ferromanganese and high carbon ferro-chrome, and add-on is: silicon carbide 200~260kg/ stove, silicomanganese 8.5~9.0kg/t, high carbon ferromanganese 1.2~1.7kg/t, high carbon ferro-chrome 4.8~5.2kg/t and lime 600~800kg/ stove
As preferably: when tapping, ladle does not use containing aluminum steel and has enough to meet the need used ladle, prevents from increasing aluminium in ladle, and ladle more than light maintenance state must not be used in the steel grade in the present invention for the first time in addition;
(3) refining process adopts silicon carbide to carry out top of the slag deoxidation, can add a small amount of calcium carbide to carry out deoxidation if needed, bans use of containing aluminium class deoxidation material.Refining adds lime and appropriate fluorite depending on slag condition in batches, refining slag target basicity 1.5-2.0, the omnidistance Bottom Argon Stirring of refining, pressure 0.8~1.0MPa, flow 200~250/min, goes out refining position first 6 minutes, adds ferro-boron 18-22kg/ stove, after refining departures, carry out the operation of Ladle Bottom soft blow argon
As preferably: Silicon carbide addition is 240kg/ stove, the control of refining slag target basicity is 1.7, refining time >=35 minute, white slag time >=20 minute, after refining departures, Ladle Bottom soft blow argon >=15 minute, argon pressure is (0.8~1.0MPa) suitably, avoid molten steel to occur turning over greatly, when soft blow, do not feed silicon-calcium wire
Refining finishing slag is mainly CaO and SiO
2binary slag system, makes the composition of inclusion and the composition of finishing slag basically identical, and concrete refining finishing slag compound composition is shown in Table 1;
Table 1SWRH82B-B refining finishing slag composition %
CaO | SiO2 | Al2O3 | MgO | MnO | FeO | R |
50.1~58.6 | 27.1~34.0 | 3.3~6.4 | 2.6~5.6 | 0.1~0.8 | 0.3~1.3 | 1.5~2.0 |
(4) the omnidistance attention protection of continuous casting is poured into a mould, and ladle is to the protection of tundish long nozzle argon envelope, and tundish upper nozzle is in-built, middle bag use alkaline covering agent and the double-deck covering of carbonization rice husk, and crystallizer adopts non-sinusoidal oscillation, and uses low melting point and low viscous covering slag,
Crystallizer adopts non-sinusoidal oscillation, frequency 100 ± 40Hz, deviation proportion 15%, amplitude ± 3mm; Crystallizer uses west to protect special LMP, low viscosity (1020-1040 DEG C of fusing points, viscosity is less than 0.3 (Pa.s/1300 DEG C)) high carbon steel covering slag, submerged nozzle depth of penetration 100~120mm, and the mouth of a river is changed 6~7 hours duration of service;
(5) connect and water the casting of heat implementation low overheat, 20~30 DEG C of superheating temperature controls, pulling rate is 1.70~1.80m/min, the strong cold pattern of two cold employings, crystallizer adopts induction stirring, and uses end induction stirring,
Connect and water 20~30 DEG C of heat superheating temperature controls, pulling rate 1.75 ± 0.05m/min, casting process is realized " permanent pulling rate " cast substantially, prevents crystallizer slag,
Crystallizer adopts induction stirring, stir current scope 210~230A, and range of frequency 3~5HZ, adopts continuously stirring pattern; Use end induction stirring, end is stirred casting stream position 7.0~7.5m is installed, stir current scope 330~350A, and range of frequency 6~8HZ, adopts continuously stirring pattern,
The strong cold pattern of two cold employings, specific water 0.8-1.0L/kg, sufficient roller section be full water cooling but, two cold other 3 sections be that aerosol is cooling, and ensure that straightening section temperature is greater than 960 DEG C.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The boracic compressor wire of smelting by the present invention and steel strand steel, can ensure that chemical composition is qualified, and mother metal can effectively reduce the breaks that cause because of casting billet surface hereditary defect, inclusion and carbon segregation in the time of drawing and twisting, mainly contain following three critical control point: (1) promotes large inclusions floating and raising inclusion modification ability in molten steel.Smelt in whole process and adopt silicon, manganese deoxidation, do not use the material deoxidation containing aluminium, do not add as far as possible calcic class reductor, as calcium carbide; After refining departures, the soft blow time is no less than 15min, does not feed the agent of the inclusion modification such as silicon-calcium wire, calcium line when soft blow, and refining finishing slag basicity is controlled at 1.70 left and right.(2) good cc billet surface quality, flawless, secondary solidify the defects such as the slag runner of formation.(3) rational continuous casting process, strictly controls strand Central Carbon Segregation index and is less than 1.20.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1: embodiment part, carry out carbon segregation and get a position while detecting.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1(heat (batch) number 813100030)
(1) in converter, add raw material molten iron, steel scrap and the pig iron, wherein, molten iron requires: Si:0.5%, P:0.1%, S:0.020, and temperature T=1300 DEG C, the proportion that steel scrap accounts for raw material total amount is 10%; The proportion that the pig iron accounts for raw material total amount is 5%; The total Intake Quantity of raw material is stabilized in 140t/ stove;
(2) in converter steelmaking process, add slag charge rhombspar 10t/ stove, and carry out the high operation of re-blowing of drawing, after-blow number of times is 1 time;
Tapping, converter tapping terminal C is controlled at 0.4%, terminal P controls 0.015%, Tapping Temperature of Bof is controlled at 1660 DEG C, tap and add successively (taking the amount of raw material as basis) silicon carbide 240kg/ stove, silicomanganese 8.8kg/t, high carbon ferromanganese 1.5kg/t, high carbon ferro-chrome 5.0kg/t and 600kg/ hearthstone ash with steel stream at 1/4 o'clock, the tapping time is 5 minutes, and, in tapping process, forbid lower slag;
(3) refining process adopts silicon carbide to carry out top of the slag deoxidation, and add-on is 240kg/ stove, target refining finishing slag basicity 1.7, the omnidistance Bottom Argon Stirring of refining, pressure 0.8MPa, flow 200/min, goes out refining position first 6 minutes, adds ferro-boron 20kg/ stove, after refining departures, carry out the operation of Ladle Bottom soft blow argon
Refining time 45 minutes, 25 minutes white slag time, after refining departures, Ladle Bottom soft blow argon 20 minutes, argon pressure is (0.8MPa) suitably, avoids molten steel to occur turning over greatly, does not feed silicon-calcium wire or calcium line when soft blow;
(4) when continuous casting, use full guard cast from ladle to tundish, ladle is to the protection of middle water containing opening argon envelope, and the in-built or integral water gap of tundish upper nozzle, uses the double-deck covering of alkaline covering agent and carbonization rice husk,
Crystallizer uses west to protect special high carbon steel covering slag, and (1020 DEG C of fusing points, viscosity is less than 0.3 (Pa.s/1300 DEG C)), submerged nozzle depth of penetration 100mm, the mouth of a river is changed 6 hours duration of service,
Crystallizer adopts non-sinusoidal oscillation, frequency 80Hz, deviation proportion 15%, amplitude ± 3mm;
(5) connect water 20 DEG C of heat superheating temperature controls, pulling rate 1.70m/min, the strong cold pattern of two cold employings, specific water 0.9L/kg, sufficient roller section be full water cooling but, two cold other 3 sections be that aerosol is cooling; Crystallizer adopts induction stirring, mixing parametric 220A/4HZ, continuously stirring pattern; Adopt end induction stirring, casting stream position 7.3m, mixing parametric 350A/8HZ, the continuously stirring pattern of installing stirred at end.
Embodiment 2(heat (batch) number 813100031)
(1) in converter, add raw material molten iron, steel scrap and the pig iron, wherein, molten iron requires: Si:0.7%, P:0.11%, S:0.030, all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3(heat (batch) number 813100032)
(1) in converter, add raw material molten iron, steel scrap and the pig iron, wherein, molten iron requires: Si:0.8%, P:0.12%, S:0.025, all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4(heat (batch) number 813100033)
In step (2), in converter steelmaking process, the slag charge adding is lime 8t/ stove, and all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5(heat (batch) number 813100034)
In step (1), molten iron temperature is 1280 DEG C, and all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6(heat (batch) number 813100035)
In step (2), in converter steelmaking process, the slag charge adding is magnesium ball 9t/ stove, and all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7(heat (batch) number 813100036)
In step (2), Tapping Temperature of Bof is 1620 DEG C, and all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8(heat (batch) number 813100037)
In step (2), the tapping time is controlled 4 minutes, and all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 9(heat (batch) number 813100038)
In step (2), the tapping time is controlled 4.5 minutes, and all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 10(heat (batch) number 813100039)
In step (3), refining time 35 minutes, 20 minutes white slag time, all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 11(heat (batch) number 813100040)
In step (3), refining time 50 minutes, 20 minutes white slag time, all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 12(heat (batch) number 813100041)
In step (3), refining time 60 minutes, 30 minutes white slag time, all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 13(heat (batch) number 813100042)
In step (1), molten iron requires: Si:0.45%, P:0.08%, S:0.025; In step (3), refining time 50 minutes, 30 minutes white slag time, all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 14(heat (batch) number 813100043)
In step (2), Tapping Temperature of Bof is 1650 DEG C; In step (3), refining time 35 minutes, 35 minutes white slag time, all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 15(heat (batch) number 813100044)
In step (2), Tapping Temperature of Bof is 1630 DEG C; In step (2), the tapping time is controlled 4 minutes; In step (3), refining time 40 minutes, 25 minutes white slag time, all the other operations are identical with embodiment 1.
The chemical composition of embodiment 1-15 prepared SWRH82B-B, gas content are respectively in shown in table 2 and table 3:
Table 2SWRH82B-B chemical composition
Heat (batch) number | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Cu | Al | As | B |
813100030 | 0.82 | 0.23 | 0.76 | 0.015 | 0.009 | 0.22 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.0021 |
813100031 | 0.81 | 0.26 | 0.75 | 0.016 | 0.015 | 0.25 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.0018 |
813100032 | 0.83 | 0.24 | 0.73 | 0.014 | 0.012 | 0.29 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.0020 |
813100033 | 0.84 | 0.27 | 0.76 | 0.014 | 0.014 | 0.30 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.0020 |
813100034 | 0.83 | 0.27 | 0.76 | 0.015 | 0.014 | 0.31 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.0021 |
813100035 | 0.80 | 0.22 | 0.71 | 0.012 | 0.011 | 0.29 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.0022 |
813100036 | 0.81 | 0.26 | 0.75 | 0.012 | 0.008 | 0.32 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.0024 |
813100037 | 0.80 | 0.24 | 0.75 | 0.011 | 0.009 | 0.30 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.0021 |
813100038 | 0.82 | 0.26 | 0.76 | 0.013 | 0.011 | 0.33 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.0024 |
813100039 | 0.81 | 0.24 | 0.74 | 0.014 | 0.014 | 0.32 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.0020 |
813100040 | 0.81 | 0.26 | 0.74 | 0.012 | 0.009 | 0.30 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.0024 |
813100041 | 0.84 | 0.27 | 0.73 | 0.012 | 0.010 | 0.32 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.004 | 0.002 | 0.0022 |
813100042 | 0.80 | 0.24 | 0.73 | 0.016 | 0.007 | 0.33 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.0021 |
813100043 | 0.80 | 0.25 | 0.75 | 0.015 | 0.010 | 0.32 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.0019 |
813100044 | 0.81 | 0.24 | 0.74 | 0.013 | 0.010 | 0.32 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.0021 |
Table 3SWRH82B-B gas content
Carbon segregation index is shown in Table 4, and carbon segregation adopts Φ 5mm drill bit to get a drilling cuttings, gets a position as shown in Figure 1, then uses carbon sulphur instrument to carry out carbon content analysis.
Table 4SWRH82B-B strand Central Carbon Segregation index
Strand number | Superheating temperature | Pulling rate | Central Carbon Segregation index |
813100030-2 | 28 | 1.81 | 1.13 |
813100031-4 | 29 | 1.71 | 1.19 |
813100032-5 | 28 | 1.74 | 1.16 |
813100033-7 | 25 | 1.76 | 1.10 |
813100034-9 | 25 | 1.79 | 1.08 |
Claims (8)
1. a boracic compressor wire and steel strand smelting steel technique, is characterized in that: this technique comprises converter smelting, refining and continuous casting, and concrete operations are as follows:
(1) in converter, add raw material molten iron, steel scrap and the pig iron, the proportion that steel scrap accounts for raw material total amount is 10%~15%, and the total Intake Quantity of raw material is stabilized in 130~140t/ stove;
(2) in converter steelmaking process, add slag charge, and carry out the high operation of re-blowing of drawing, converter tapping terminal C is controlled at more than 0.4%, and terminal P controls below 0.015%, and tapping temperature scope control is at 1620~1660 DEG C; When converter tapping, adding successively silicon carbide, alloy and lime, alloy with steel stream is silicomanganese, high carbon ferromanganese and high carbon ferro-chrome, and, in tapping process, forbid lower slag;
(3) refining process adopts silicon carbide to carry out top of the slag deoxidation, target refining finishing slag basicity 1.5~2.0, and the omnidistance Bottom Argon Stirring of refining, goes out before refining position, adds ferro-boron, after refining departures, carries out the operation of Ladle Bottom soft blow argon;
(4) the omnidistance attention protection of continuous casting is poured into a mould, and ladle is to the protection of tundish long nozzle argon envelope, and tundish upper nozzle is in-built, middle bag use alkaline covering agent and the double-deck covering of carbonization rice husk, and crystallizer adopts non-sinusoidal oscillation, and uses low melting point and low viscous covering slag;
(5) connect and water the casting of heat implementation low overheat, 20~30 DEG C of superheating temperature controls, pulling rate is 1.70~1.80m/min, the strong cold pattern of two cold employings, crystallizer adopts induction stirring, and uses end induction stirring.
2. boracic compressor wire as claimed in claim 1 and steel strand smelting steel technique, is characterized in that: in step (2), converter tapping terminal C is controlled at 0.4%~0.70%; When tapping, add silicon carbide 200~260kg/ stove, silicomanganese 8.5~9.0kg/t, high carbon ferromanganese 1.2~1.7kg/t, high carbon ferro-chrome 4.8~5.2kg/t and lime 600~800kg/ stove.
3. boracic compressor wire as claimed in claim 1 and steel strand smelting steel technique, is characterized in that: in step (3), the control of target refining finishing slag basicity is 1.7, and refining goes out position first 6 minutes, adds ferro-boron 18~22kg/ stove; After refining departures, Ladle Bottom soft blow argon is greater than 15 minutes, but does not feed silicon-calcium wire or calcium line.
4. boracic compressor wire as claimed in claim 1 and steel strand smelting steel technique, is characterized in that: in step (4), crystallizer adopts non-sinusoidal oscillation, frequency 100 ± 40Hz, deviation proportion 15%, amplitude ± 3mm; Crystallizer protecting residue uses west to protect special high carbon steel covering slag, and fusing point is 1020 DEG C-1040 DEG C, and viscosity is less than 0.3Pa.s; Submerged nozzle depth of penetration 100~120mm, the mouth of a river is changed 6~7 hours duration of service.
5. boracic compressor wire as claimed in claim 1 and steel strand smelting steel technique, is characterized in that: in step (5), crystallizer adopts induction stirring, stir current scope 210~230A, and range of frequency 3~5HZ, adopts continuously stirring pattern; Use end induction stirring, end is stirred casting stream position 7.0~7.5m is installed, stir current scope 330~350A, and range of frequency 6~8HZ, adopts continuously stirring pattern.
6. boracic compressor wire as claimed in claim 1 and steel strand smelting steel technique, is characterized in that: in step (5), and the strong cold pattern of two cold employings, specific water is 0.8~1.0L/kg, foot roller section be full water cooling but, two cold be that aerosol is cooling, and guarantee straightening section temperature is greater than 960 DEG C.
7. boracic compressor wire as claimed in claim 1 and steel strand smelting steel technique, is characterized in that: in step (1), described molten iron requires that Si content is 0.20~0.80%, P content≤0.12%, S content≤0.035%.
8. boracic compressor wire as claimed in claim 1 and steel strand smelting steel technique, is characterized in that: in step (2), described slag charge is lime, rhombspar or magnesium ball.
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