CN103834711B - Preparation of protein hydrolysate of chilled Antarctic krill and application thereof - Google Patents
Preparation of protein hydrolysate of chilled Antarctic krill and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103834711B CN103834711B CN201410075726.1A CN201410075726A CN103834711B CN 103834711 B CN103834711 B CN 103834711B CN 201410075726 A CN201410075726 A CN 201410075726A CN 103834711 B CN103834711 B CN 103834711B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method being prepared protein hydrolysate by chilled Antarctic krill, including: the ratio that chilled for Antarctic krill raw material adds 1L 3L water with water with per kilogram raw material is mixed by (1), after pulverizing homogenate, add alkaline protease at 35 55 DEG C of enzymolysis 1 5h;(2) solid-liquid separation obtains clear liquid, clear liquid concentrate drying, obtains protein hydrolysate, and the most fatty 0%, peptides and aminoacid amount to more than 60%.The existing commercial nitrogen source group yield such as total D actinomycin D yield of Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate group streptomycete fermentation generation and peptone are suitable, and high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry results shows that the analog multiformity of Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate group fermentation generation actinomycin D is more preferable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the enzymic hydrolysates preparation field of Antarctic krill albumen, particularly relate to the albumen of a kind of chilled Antarctic krill
The preparation method of hydrolyzate and the purposes as fermentable raw material thereof.
Background technology
Antarctic krill, also referred to as Antarctic krill, latin name Euphausia superba Dana, shell-fish, is sea near the South Pole
The halomereid that territory reserves are maximum, stock biomass is up to 6.5~10.0 hundred million tons.Protein, lipid in Antarctic krill
Isoreactivity composition enriches, during during especially Antarctic krill is dried muscle, crude protein content is up to 64%, and krill albumen 18 kinds
Total amino acid content reaches 57%, and 8 kinds of essential amino acid content, higher than 25%, account for more than the 43% of total amino acid content.Cause
This, prepare krill albumen or its hydrolyzate from resourceful Antarctic krill, have the most wide application prospect,
Through being applied in the industry such as fishing bait, breeding feed.
The conventional enzymatic hydrolysis process of marine animal protein ingredient generally comprises procedure below: the individual section of fresh or lyophilizing is pulverized,
The most in an aqueous medium with enzyme (trypsin that includes commonly using, papain, alkaline protease, neutral protease etc.)
Hydrolyzing certain time under appropriate temperature conditions, solid-liquid separation, aqueous solution is dried, and obtains protein hydrolysate.
For Antarctic krill albumen utilize the method for hydrolysis by novo there is no at present document report, Antarctic krill albumen and
Hydrolyzate currently also there is no document report as the purposes of fermentable raw material.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of Proteolytic enzyme method of chilled Antarctic krill, and this preparation technology is relatively
For simply, can effectively hydrolyze Antarctic krill albumen.In gained proteolysis product, peptides or aminoacid amount to more than 60%;And
Can effectively replace the commodity such as existing peptone as nitrogen source, during being applied to the research and production of fermentable.
A kind of method being prepared protein hydrolysate by chilled Antarctic krill of the present invention, including: (1) is by former for chilled Antarctic krill
The ratio that material adds 1L-3L water with water with per kilogram raw material mixes, and after pulverizing homogenate, adds alkaline protease at 35-55 DEG C of enzymolysis
1-5h;(2) solid-liquid separation obtains clear liquid, clear liquid concentrate drying, obtains protein hydrolysate.
In a preferred method of the invention, the alkaline protease addition 5-20mL/kg raw material in described step (1);
In a preferred method of the invention, the most in step (1), chilled Antarctic krill raw material and water are with per kilogram raw material
Add the ratio mixing of 1.5-2.0L water;The addition of alkaline protease be 10-15mL/kg raw material or 10000-30000U/kg former
Material, enzymolysis 1-3h at 45-50 DEG C;And/or in step (2), described solid-liquid separating method includes: filter, and
By the most centrifuged for filtrate described clear liquid, the wherein said vacuum filtration that is filtered into, described centrifugal condition is less than 10 DEG C
Centrifugal 20-50min, rotating speed 6000-12000 turn/min.
The present invention also provides for a kind of protein hydrolysate, and its above-mentioned the inventive method obtains.
The present invention also provides for a kind of protein hydrolysate obtained by the inventive method use as the nitrogen source of fermentable
On the way.
The present invention also provides for a kind of method that streptomycete fermentation produces D actinomycin D, the egg in R2A culture medium used by described fermentation
White peptone component is substituted by the protein hydrolysate of the present invention, or the albumen in peptone-dextrose culture-medium used by described fermentation
Peptone component is substituted by the protein hydrolysate of the present invention.
Beneficial effect
The outstanding feature of the present invention is to provide new enzymatic hydrolysis process for Antarctic krill albumen, and its protein hydrolysate prepares work
Skill is simple, and in products obtained therefrom, peptides or aminoacid amount to more than 60%, and can effectively replace on market existing peptone etc.
Commodity, as the nitrogen source of fermentable, during being applied to the research and production that fermentable is relevant.Such as, the South Pole
The existing commercial nitrogen source groups such as total D actinomycin D yield of krill protein hydrolysate group streptomycete fermentation generation and peptone are produced
Amount is suitable, and High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry analysis result shows that the fermentation of Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate group produces actinomycin D
Analog multiformity more preferable.The abundant raw material source of Antarctic krill, protein content is high, the protein hydrolysate of preparation
Can be widely used for fermentable industry, have well exploitation profit prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of Proteolytic enzyme method of the chilled Antarctic krill of the present invention, including:
(1) chilled for Antarctic krill raw material is mixed with water, pulverize homogenate, add alkaline protease enzymolysis;
(2) filter, be centrifuged, take supernatant concentration and be dried, obtain protein hydrolysate.
The chilled raw material of per kilogram Antarctic krill in described step (1) can add 1L-3L water, preferably 2L;
Alkaline protease addition 5-20mL/kg krill in described step (1), preferably 10mL/kg krill;
Hydrolysis temperature 35-55 DEG C in described step (1), preferably 50 DEG C;
Hydrolysis time in described step (1) is 1-5h, preferably 3h.
Centrifugal condition in described step (2) is 4 DEG C of centrifugal 20-50min, and rotating speed 6000-12000 turns/min, preferred stripe
Part is centrifugal 30min, 9000 turns/min of rotating speed.
In the Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate that heretofore described method obtains, fatty 0%, peptides or aminoacid amount to
More than 60%.
The Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate of the present invention can be applied to the scientific research of fermentable as the nitrogen source of fermentable
With in production process.It is exemplified below (further details see below and make use-case):
One strain produces the ascidian of actinomycin D and grows nonparasitically upon another plant altogether streptomycete Streptomyces globisporus FDZ35(Patent Deposit
Number it is CCTCC M2013587), R2A culture medium 250mL shake flask fermentation, it is thus achieved that strain in a small amount;
Choosing R2A culture medium and peptone-dextrose culture-medium as 2 matched groups, both culture medium are verified can be had
Effect ground ferments for streptomycete Streptomyces globisporus FDZ35, and produces actinomycin D;Separately use Antarctic krill
Peptone corresponding in protein hydrolysate equivalent substitution R2A culture medium and peptone-dextrose culture-medium, as culture medium
In unique organic nitrogen source, obtain 2 Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate groups;Often assemble 1500mL culture medium processed.Above 4
Group culture medium is added separately to often organize in 3 2000mL shaking flasks, sterilizing, inoculates, ferments 7 days, and often group 1500mL is total
Fermentation mixing liquid 40 DEG C is concentrated in vacuo dry, respectively obtains 4 groups of fermenting mixtures, is brown powder;
4 groups of fermenting mixtures, the most respectively constant volumes are extracted respectively with methanol (each 250mL, 2 times, ultrasonic 20min),
Obtain the 500mL methanol solution of respective fermented product extract, with actinomycin D as standard substance, according to " Chinese Pharmacopoeia " (2005
Year version) annex VA ultraviolet visible spectrophotometry, measure actinomycin D and analog content thereof respectively.
In 4 groups of fermented product extract of gained, actinomycin D and analog yield thereof are equal > 35mg/L ferments mixed liquor, the South Pole
The existing commercial nitrogen source group yield such as krill protein hydrolysate group yield and peptone are suitable, and during high performance liquid chromatography-flight
Between mass spectrum (HPLC-Tof MS) analysis result show Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate group fermentation produce actinomycin D knot
Structure analog multiformity is more preferable.(see aftermentioned make use-case)
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.Should be understood that these embodiments be merely to illustrate the present invention and
It is not used in restriction the scope of the present invention.In addition, it is to be understood that after having read the content that the present invention lectures, people in the art
The present invention can be made various changes or modifications by member, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application appended claims equally and limited
Scope.
Protein hydrolysate preparation example
Embodiment is raw materials used: the chilled raw material of Antarctic krill is from December, 2012 to the Ministry of Agriculture South Pole in March, 2013
Krill expedition fishing boat;Alkaline protease believes Chinese biological Technology Co., Ltd. from Novi.
Embodiment 1
Chilled for Antarctic krill raw material is taken 1.0kg, adds in 1.2L water by 1.2 times of mass volume ratios, rotating speed 250rpm/min
Pulverize homogenate 5min, add alkaline protease (enzyme activity 1400U/mL) 10mL at 40 DEG C of enzymolysis 2h;With in buchner funnel
Speed qualitative filter paper filtration under diminished pressure, aqueous 4 DEG C, 9000 turns/min be centrifuged 30min, supernatant concentration is dried, and obtains
Protein hydrolysate, product 12.6g, productivity is 1.26%.In the Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate obtained, fatty 0%,
Peptides or aminoacid amount to 63%.
Embodiment 2
Chilled for Antarctic krill raw material is taken 1.0kg, adds in 1.5L water by 1.5 times of mass volume ratios, rotating speed 250rpm/min
Pulverize homogenate 5min, add alkaline protease (enzyme activity 2000U/mL) 7mL at 45 DEG C of enzymolysis 2h;With in buchner funnel
Speed qualitative filter paper filtration under diminished pressure, aqueous 4 DEG C, 9000 turns/min be centrifuged 30min, supernatant concentration is dried, and obtains
Protein hydrolysate, product 13.7g, productivity is 1.37%.In the Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate obtained, fatty 0%,
Peptides or aminoacid amount to 61%.
Embodiment 3
Chilled for Antarctic krill raw material is taken 1.0kg, adds in 3L water by 3 times of mass volume ratios, rotating speed 250rpm/min powder
Broken homogenate 5min, adds alkaline protease (enzyme activity 2000U/mL) 14mL at 50 DEG C of enzymolysis 3h;Use buchner funnel middling speed
Qualitative filter paper filtration under diminished pressure, aqueous 4 DEG C, 9000 turns/min be centrifuged 30min, supernatant concentration is dried, and obtains egg
Plain boiled water hydrolysis products, product 18.4g, productivity is 1.84%.In the Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate obtained, fatty 0%,
Peptides or aminoacid amount to 71%.
Embodiment 4
Chilled for Antarctic krill raw material is taken 1.0kg, adds in 2L water by 2 times of mass volume ratios, rotating speed 250rpm/min powder
Broken homogenate 5min, adds alkaline protease (enzyme activity 1800U/mL) 10mL at 50 DEG C of enzymolysis 3h;Use buchner funnel middling speed
Qualitative filter paper filtration under diminished pressure, aqueous 4 DEG C, 9000 turns/min be centrifuged 30min, supernatant concentration is dried, and obtains egg
Plain boiled water hydrolysis products, product 15.3g, productivity is 1.53%.In the Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate obtained, fatty 0%,
Peptides or aminoacid amount to 67%.
Embodiment 5
Chilled for Antarctic krill raw material is taken 1.0kg, adds in 2L water by 2 times of mass volume ratios, rotating speed 250rpm/min powder
Broken homogenate 5min, adds alkaline protease (enzyme activity 1500U/mL) 12mL at 45 DEG C of enzymolysis 3h;Use buchner funnel middling speed
Qualitative filter paper filtration under diminished pressure, aqueous 4 DEG C, 9000 turns/min be centrifuged 30min, supernatant concentration is dried, and obtains egg
Plain boiled water hydrolysis products, product 14.9g, productivity is 1.49%.In the Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate obtained, fatty 0%,
Peptides or aminoacid amount to 65%.
Protein hydrolysate make use-case
Choose R2A culture medium and peptone-dextrose culture-medium as 2 matched groups, it has therefore proved that both culture medium can have
Effect ground ferments for streptomycete Streptomyces globisporus FDZ35, and produces actinomycin D.
Another with egg corresponding in Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate equivalent substitution R2A culture medium and peptone-dextrose culture-medium
White peptone, as organic nitrogen source unique in culture medium, obtains 2 Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate groups.
Often assemble 1500mL culture medium processed.Each group culture medium particular make-up is as follows:
Matched group 1(R2A culture medium, unit g/L): yeast extract 0.5g/L, tryptone 0.25g/L, peptone 0.75g/L,
Glucose 0.5g/L, starch 0.5g/L, K2HPO40.3g/L, MgSO40.024g/L, Sodium Pyruvate 0.3g/L, sea water
Saline solution 23.6g/L, pH7.2 ± 0.2;
Krill protein hydrolysate group 2(substitutes R2A culture medium, unit g/L): yeast extract 0.5g/L, krill Proteolytic enzyme
Product 1.0g/L, glucose 0.5g/L, starch 0.5g/L, K2HPO40.3g/L, MgSO40.024g/L, Sodium Pyruvate
0.3g/L, sea water saline solution 23.6g/L, pH7.2 ± 0.2;
Matched group 3(peptone-dextrose culture-medium, unit g/L): peptone 2.0, glucose 2.0, ammonium sulfate 1.0,
Calcium carbonate 0.5, sodium chloride 0.05, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.05, pH7.8-8.0;
Krill protein hydrolysate group 4(substitutes peptone-dextrose culture-medium, unit g/L): krill protein hydrolysate
2.0, glucose 2.0, ammonium sulfate 1.0, calcium carbonate 0.5, sodium chloride 0.05, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.05, pH7.8-8.0.
Above 4 groups of culture medium are added separately to often organize in 3 2000mL shaking flasks, sterilizing, inoculation, 28 ° of C, rotating speeds 180
Rpm/min shaker fermentation 7 days, often group 1500mL always ferment mixing liquid 40 DEG C be concentrated in vacuo dry, respectively obtain 4 groups
Fermenting mixture, is brown powder;
The 4 groups of fermentation mixing obtained in embodiment 2 are extracted respectively with methanol (each 250mL, 2 times, ultrasonic 20min)
Thing, the most respectively constant volume, obtain the 500mL methanol solution of respective fermented product extract, with actinomycin D as standard substance,
According to " Chinese Pharmacopoeia " (version in 2005) annex VA ultraviolet visible spectrophotometry, respectively measure actinomycin D and
Analog concentration, and each of unit of account volume organizes total D actinomycin D content in fermentation mixed liquor, such as following table respectively:
Table 1 ferments total D actinomycin D assay in mixed liquor
Take the methanol solution 1.0mL of the fermented product extract of matched group 3, krill protein hydrolysate group 4 respectively, carry out efficiently
Sewage sludge (HPLC-Tof MS) is analyzed, and extracts the mass spectra peak of more than 1000 in raw mass spectrum data,
And utilize the relative amount that its peak area normalization provides, result such as following table:
Table 2 fermentation produces the analog diversity analysis of actinomycin D
Note: bold numerals marker peak is actinomycin D.
HPLC-Tof MS data results shows: the fermentation of Antarctic krill protein hydrolysate group produces the knot of actinomycin D
Structure analog multiformity is more preferable.
Claims (6)
1. the protein hydrolysate prepared by chilled Antarctic krill produces D actinomycin D as streptomycete fermentation
The purposes in nitrogen source, wherein said protein hydrolysate is fatty 0%, peptides and aminoacid amount to more than 60%,
And the method that wherein said chilled Antarctic krill prepares protein hydrolysate includes:
(1) ratio that chilled Antarctic krill raw material adds 1L-3L water with water with per kilogram raw material is mixed, pulverize even
After slurry, add alkaline protease at 35-55 DEG C of enzymolysis 1-5h;The addition of alkaline protease is 5-20mL/kg
Raw material or 5000-40000U/kg raw material;
(2) solid-liquid separation obtains clear liquid, clear liquid concentrate drying, obtains protein hydrolysate.
A kind of protein hydrolysate prepared by chilled Antarctic krill the most according to claim 1 is as chain
Mold fermentation produces the purposes in the nitrogen source of D actinomycin D, it is characterised in that solid-liquid separating method bag in step (2)
Include: filter, and by the most centrifuged for filtrate described clear liquid.
A kind of protein hydrolysate prepared by chilled Antarctic krill the most according to claim 1 is as chain
Mold fermentation produces the purposes in the nitrogen source of D actinomycin D, it is characterised in that in step (1), chilled South Pole phosphorus
The ratio that shrimp raw material adds 1.5-2.0L water with water with per kilogram raw material mixes;The addition of alkaline protease is
10-15mL/kg raw material or 10000-30000U/kg raw material, enzymolysis 1-3h at 45-50 DEG C;In step (2),
Described solid-liquid separating method includes: filter, and by the most centrifuged for filtrate described clear liquid, wherein said filtration
For vacuum filtration, described centrifugal condition is that less than 10 DEG C centrifugal 20-50min, rotating speed 6000-12000 turn
/min。
4. the method that a streptomycete fermentation produces D actinomycin D, it is characterised in that R2A used by described fermentation
Peptone component in culture medium is substituted by protein hydrolysate, or peptone-glucose used by described fermentation
Peptone component in culture medium is substituted by protein hydrolysate, and wherein said protein hydrolysate is by the chilled South Pole
Prepared by krill, and wherein said protein hydrolysate is fatty 0%, peptides and aminoacid amount to more than 60%,
And the method that wherein said chilled Antarctic krill prepares protein hydrolysate includes:
(1) ratio that chilled Antarctic krill raw material adds 1L-3L water with water with per kilogram raw material is mixed, pulverize even
After slurry, add alkaline protease at 35-55 DEG C of enzymolysis 1-5h;The addition of alkaline protease is 5-20mL/kg
Raw material or 5000-40000U/kg raw material;
(2) solid-liquid separation obtains clear liquid, clear liquid concentrate drying, obtains protein hydrolysate.
A kind of streptomycete fermentation the most according to claim 4 produces the method for D actinomycin D, and its feature exists
In, in step (2), solid-liquid separating method includes: filter, and by the most centrifuged for filtrate described clear liquid.
A kind of streptomycete fermentation the most according to claim 4 produces the method for D actinomycin D, and its feature exists
In, in step (1), the ratio that chilled Antarctic krill raw material adds 1.5-2.0L water with water with per kilogram raw material is mixed
Close;The addition of alkaline protease is 10-15mL/kg raw material or 10000-30000U/kg raw material, 45-50 DEG C
Lower enzymolysis 1-3h;In step (2), described solid-liquid separating method includes: filter, and by filtrate the most by centrifugation
Obtaining described clear liquid, the wherein said vacuum filtration that is filtered into, described centrifugal condition is less than 10 DEG C and is centrifuged
20-50min, rotating speed 6000-12000 turn/min.
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