CN103822464B - A kind of continous way mineral little material, powder hot industry microwave calcination stove - Google Patents
A kind of continous way mineral little material, powder hot industry microwave calcination stove Download PDFInfo
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- CN103822464B CN103822464B CN201210464481.2A CN201210464481A CN103822464B CN 103822464 B CN103822464 B CN 103822464B CN 201210464481 A CN201210464481 A CN 201210464481A CN 103822464 B CN103822464 B CN 103822464B
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Abstract
The invention discloses little of a kind of continous way mineral material, powder hot industry microwave calcination stove, comprise: cavity, the magnetron being connected to described cavity inner wall, inner bag, heat generating member, charging aperture, discharging opening, it is characterized in that: described inside cavity is provided with heater, described heater is funnel-form, described heater to be connected on described inner bag and to be positioned at the described equal place of cavity electromagnetic wave, interval is had and in positive and negative phase buckle-like, the external diameter of upper strata heater is less than the external diameter of lower floor's heater between adjacent two-layer heater.Low energy consumption of the present invention, efficiency is high, and low stain, there is no gas emission; In addition, this device interior simple structure, heat exchanger effectiveness are high, and equipment volume is little, take up room little, easy to use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of industrial microwave calcining furnace, specifically a kind of little of continous way mineral material, the powder hot industry microwave calcination stove that the material involving weak suction ripple carries out continous way calcining is not inhaled to carbonate etc.
Background technology
The mineral such as carbonate, clinker, kaolin are not for inhale ripple or weak wave absorbtion mineral, and their slaking, decomposable process all need through high-temperature calcination.At present, in known calcining and decomposing, curing process process, existing use stove has the rotary kiln of old-fashioned shaft furnace, new-type shaft furnace, rotary kiln and band cyclone preheater, also has the powder suspension calcining stove of not yet extensive use.
Old-fashioned shaft furnace is just used for calcining cement in the world as far back as the twenties in 19th century, the production of magnesium by pidgeonprocess of 20 forties in centurial year forges the old-fashioned shaft furnace that dolomite is exactly.Old-fashioned shaft furnace structure is simple, straight tube kiln and reducing kiln can be divided into by kiln body, need directly coal-fired, the black smoke of generation is very large to environment, and loss is large, large containing a large amount of burning or underburnt material, materialbeds comminution, calcining particle diameter is 60-150mm, and difference is comparatively large, because lump ore needs the resolving time of more than 30 minutes (to refer to Hebei Chemical Engineering College's journal first phase in 1988 " magnesite calcine technology Preliminary Study On Factors " from appearance to kernel heat transfer, therefore material is long at kiln residence time, yields poorly.
New-type shaft furnace, being improve on old-fashioned shaft furnace basis, fuel, distributing mode, ventilation and kiln structure strengthening improvement, has occurred the kiln types such as gas burning, uniform distribution system, wind distributor, binary and sleeve.These technological improvements make moderate progress to the deficiency that old-fashioned shaft furnace exists to a great extent, but the factor of calcining particle diameter does not have basic improvement at materialbeds comminution and material on kiln residence time, and energy consumption and efficiency do not obtain basic knot certainly yet.
Within 1824, Britain cement work J A Sipu has invented the native shaft kiln of intermittently operated; Within 1883, German Di thatch generation has invented the multilayer shaft kiln of continued operation; 1885 British blue Pehanorms have invented rotary kiln, it put into production, obtain considerable economic benefit very soon after English, U.S.A obtain patent.The invention of rotary kiln, cement industry is developed rapidly, also promote the research that people apply rotary kiln simultaneously, very fast rotary kiln is widely applied to many industrial circles. contrast shaft furnace, it is high that rotary kiln possesses mechanization degree, production capacity is large, equipment maintenance is simple, the active advantages of higher of carbonate calcination, but because material is positioned at the lower surface of rotary kiln in rotary kiln, and the high temperate zone of the flame of flame gun ejection is positioned at the upper surface of material, so heat is directly passed the refractory brick given in kiln body greatly, the exhaust gas temperature of rotary kiln is also very high in addition, usually more than 600 DEG C, cause its heat utilization efficiency not high.
Novel energy-saving rotary kiln is made up of the rotary kiln shortened and the shaft preheater being arranged on kiln tail, and its energy-saving principle is exactly that the high-temperature flue gas utilizing kiln tail to discharge is preheated to the front temperature of decomposition material, about about 600-900 DEG C in preheater.Along with preheater occurs shaft preheater again, as calcined the bulky grain such as dolomite and lime stone in different field development; Also has floated preheater, to powder calcinations such as clinkers.Floated preheater divides vertical barrel and cyclone type, and present vertical barrel preheater has been tending towards superseded.Shaft preheater is, from top, material is evenly preheated to about 900 DEG C in preheating body, then is pushed back in rotary kiln by material by hydraulic push rod.The rotary kiln of band cyclone preheater is generally used during burning clinker of cement, a large amount of waste heats entrained when utilizing exhaust emissions, in cyclone cylinder, under hot-air and dispersity, powder particles carries out heat exchange fast, to play oven dry and preheating material carries out raised temperature, reaches energy-conservation object.The usual cost of these pre-heating devices is comparatively large, and subsidiary facility energy requirements is high, and technical parameter requires strict, as wind speed in cyclone cylinder and blast will cause raw material really to tap into into rotary kiln short circuit phenomenon once not reach requirement.
Powder suspension calcining stove utilizes that the specific area of molecule is large, heat exchanger effectiveness is high just, from appearance to the fast advantage of kernel heat transfer, furnace chamber material under suction function is made to be suspended dispersion, high temperature height hot-air flows through material table face and makes it reach requirement temperature instantaneously at a high speed, but the great amount of carbon dioxide gas that carbonate produces when decomposing can cause cavity negative pressure variation variable and be difficult to control, and the separation of a large amount of high-temperature gas-solid mixtures of rear end simultaneously also consumes a lot of energy.
Generally speaking, substantially existing calciner all with the fuel of coal, coke, coal gas, natural gas, the contour smoke pollution of heavy oil as thermal source, there are maximum discharge atmosphere pollution and high energy consumption two kinds of deficiencies, and old-fashioned shaft furnace and new-type shaft furnace require certain material grating at more than 60mm usually because of air-conditioning requirement pan feeding particle diameter, also need to supplement a large amount of cold airs to kiln body because ventilating and add heat loss while calcining large footpath ore; And fine particle and powder cannot be able to be grilled thoroughly because of accumulation; Rotary kiln will add raising material unit when processing powder and heaping and end adds cyclone cylinder gas-solid separating device to collect airborne dust, adds a large amount of energy consumption, and causes the large spoke of equipment cost to raise.
Nearest is microwave high-temperature heating, and it has at home and abroad launched to have studied decades.Microwave high-temperature heating makes polar substances from the high heat of the instantaneous generation high temperature of intramolecule by the principle such as magnetic hystersis loss or dielectric loss in fuel factor, and research shows that nano-tungsten powder can produce more than 2300 DEG C high temperature under microwave action in the short time.Because microwave high-temperature heating is simultaneously again without the characteristic of the aerobic gas of fuel combustion and air-conditioning requirement, microwave energy is seen as the high efficient energy sources being only second to nuclear energy.
China has listed 863 Program from 88 years in the utilization of microwave energy, and at microwave sintering pottery, as the sciemtifec and technical sphere such as aluminum oxide Stupalox, microwave ceramics welding, microwave high-temperature metal powder metallurgy, high temperature wave-absorbing coating material, microwave black hole achieves some achievements.The utilization of microwave current fuel factor obtains certain popularization in business, and various industrial microwave apparatus is constantly released, as microwave de-enzyming machine, microwave dryer etc.The high-temperature service such as each type micro-wave pushed bat kiln, tunnel cave, Muffle furnace with the grand Thailand in Changsha in stove is the most famous; Also have the microwave rotary kiln of Kunming University of Science and Technology's research and development to succeed simultaneously.
But the principal direction of these high temperature microwave equipment is with the direct heated material of microwave at present, hot-cast socket is carried out with the wave-sucking performance of material self, and the materials such as described carbonate, kaolin are not for inhale ripple or weak absorbing material, in microwave electromagnetic field, only have faint intensification, do not reach calcining object.Therefore this kind of material of microwave heating effect high-temperature calcination is utilized, need microwave absorbing heat transition material as heater, material is heated by the mode such as heat trnasfer, radiation, usually used have microwave Muffle furnace or microwave tunnel kiln, its principle utilizes suction ripple exothermic material to make saggar body, and material is placed on the heating of saggar body.But the heat exchanger effectiveness of this mode of heating is low, material is once there be its heat time of certain thickness to extend at double, add industrial microwave oven usually because cavity volume is large, its standing wave mode is many and complicated, in resonator, electromagnetic field intensity distribution is more uneven, position its heating effect different that saggar body is placed is also different, heats uneven situation obvious.Therefore namely use at present the mode utilizing heating using microwave, high-temperature calcination carbonate, clinker etc. do not inhale involve weak absorbing material granule and powder time, existing equipment also cannot realize.
When calcining granule and powder material, present stove has two aspect technical problems: it is high that what 1, heat exchanger effectiveness was high pay cost, and energy consumption is also high; 2, heat hands over inefficient dust pollution large, and working effect is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
It is low that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of cost, energy consumption is little, the thermal efficiency is high, production efficiency is high, air venting and dust pollution can be reduced simultaneously, the carbon dioxide that carbonate decomposition produces is recoverable without tar and smoke pollution, can make full use of and little of continous way mineral material, the powder hot industry microwave calcination stove of turning waste into wealth to mine tailing powder such as carbonate.This calcining furnace low energy consumption as required, rapidly, continuously calcining 10mm-3mm material and not inhaling of the following powder of 20 orders can involve weak suction ripple carbonate mine.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, little of a kind of continous way mineral material of the present invention, powder hot industry microwave calcination stove comprise: cavity, the magnetron being connected to described cavity inner wall, inner bag, heat generating member, charging aperture, discharging opening, inside cavity is provided with heater, heater is funnel-form, heater to be connected on described inner bag and to be positioned at the equal place of cavity electromagnetic wave, interval is had and in positive and negative phase buckle-like, the external diameter of upper strata heater is less than the external diameter of lower floor's heater between adjacent two-layer heater.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the cavity of little of a kind of continous way mineral material of the present invention, powder hot industry microwave calcination stove is divided into preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band successively from charging aperture to discharging opening therein, is equipped with at least 1 layer of heater in preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the preheating zone inner heating device of the calcining furnace of the technical program is made up of black silicon carbide foam ceramic material, and black silicon carbide foam ceramic material is two-layer, is provided with thermal store between black silicon carbide foam ceramic material.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the thermal store in the preheating zone of the calcining furnace of the technical program is silicon carbide ceramics plate.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the heating tape inner heating device of the calcining furnace of the technical program is made up of silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material, and heating tape inner heating device lower surface is provided with thermal store, and thermal store is carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the pyrolytic band inner heating device of the calcining furnace of the technical program is made up of silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material, pyrolytic band inner heating device upper surface is provided with thermal store, and thermal store is carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.
As the further improvement to the technical program, heater is made up of silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material and high purity aluminium oxide or electric-melting zirconia high temperature absorbing material.
As the further improvement to the technical program, be provided with the material scraping plate matched with heating tape inner heating device in the cavity of the calcining furnace of the technical program, material scraping plate is fixedly connected on transverse link, and transverse link is connected on buncher by power transmission shaft.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the spacing distance in the preheating zone of the calcining furnace of the technical program, heating tape, pyrolytic band between adjacent two layers heater is 5-10cm.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the charging aperture of the calcining furnace of the technical program, discharging opening and power transmission shaft exit are provided with choke groove.
As the further improvement to the technical program, cavity and the inner bag of the calcining furnace of the technical program are provided with temperature measuring equipment, and temperature measuring equipment is infrared temperature measurement apparatus or thermocouple temperature measuring equipment.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the pyrolytic band inner heating device of the calcining furnace of the technical program and the angle of horizontal plane are less than or equal to 10 °.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the shape of the inner bag of the calcining furnace of the technical program and the shape of cavity are coincide, and the thickness of inner bag is not less than 5cm, and the distance between inner bag and cavity is not less than 5cm.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the charging aperture of the calcining furnace of the technical program is tubulose, is provided with heat-sink shell between charging aperture and cavity, and heat-sink shell is made up of black silicon carbide foamed ceramics.In the process that after calcining, waste gas is discharged, heat-sink shell absorbs the heat radiation of about 1/3 and most of dust by black silicon carbide foamed ceramics, serves effect that the is energy-conservation and effusion of reduction dust.
Cavity and the resonant cavity size of usual industrial microwave oven are comparatively greater than household microwave oven, general at 500-20000 liter, what have is even larger, in any one resonator, crossing under mould state, the mode of resonance number that wherein may exist is directly proportional to the volume of this cavity, in other words, volume is larger, the model number that wherein may exist is more, and the distributing homogeneity of microwave electric field in chamber is proportional with model number, Here it is why people always wish that furnace chamber that design cavity volume is larger goes to improve the uniformity of furnace chamber internal electric field, but consider power density and the requirement of quality factor q value.
Volume size and the shape need of material are mainly considered in the selection of cavity size of the present invention particularly cross sectional dimensions, the selection of length direction then should be taken into account the output demand of microwave power and processing, it is compact that cavity should do as far as possible, and model number is many as far as possible.Comparatively suitable unloaded Q is not more than 10000, when placement inhale ripple heat generating member as filled media after, comprise unloaded Q formula in medium situation according to following:
υ is the ratio of fill factor, curve factor, filled media volume and cavity volume, should meet and comprise the requirement that medium situation Q value is not more than 1000.
The frequency of industrial microwave oven microwave source is generally 2.45Ghz and double frequency 2.45Ghz and 5.8Ghz or 915Mhz pattern complementary formula, all meets the requirement of the technical program.Because industrial microwave furnace cavity is made by stainless steel materials mostly, cavity geometry also affects cavity standing internal wave pattern, as polygonal cylinder makes electromagnetic field in cavity more even because having laid microwave source on multiple, improves equal place φ value.
Because the general power requirement of industrial microwave oven is large, the magnetron use amount of continuous wave is also corresponding to be increased, research finds many feedback mouths and is all conducive to along the mode of the multi-point equispaced microwave source of chamber wall cross section the uniformity improving electromagnetic field, improve equal place area φ value, under the prerequisite of waveguide INDIRECT COUPLING, existing rectangle, cylindrical shape and polygonal cylinder cavity all meet the requirement of the technical program, all snap action can produce high temperature.
The technical program builds one deck aluminum oxide insulation material inner bag in inside cavity, aluminium oxide heat preservation plate material or mullite heat preservation plate material can be selected, inner bag volume should meet microwave heating equipment and add the summation that unit interval domestic demand heats volume of material, and has suitable surplus.
The high temperature that inner bag can produce the technical program microwave thermal reaction part and stainless steel cavity play isolated insulation effect, and fixing suction Wave heating device.The shape requirement of inner bag is basic to match with stainless steel cavity geometry or mates, and the thickness requirement of inner bag should be not less than 5CM, and inner bag distance stainless steel cavity inner wall is not less than 5CM.
The electromagnetic wave that continuous wave magnetron is launched divides three kinds specifically: transverse electromagnetic wave and TEM ripple, mould are to electric wave and TE ripple, transverse magnetic wave and TM ripple.Inner at inner bag, change the form that Wave heating device inhaled by the regular vessel type of saggar body formula or the cavity types etc. such as microwave Muffle furnace, by the strong suction ripple exothermic material of several high-k, with large volume fill and be mutual dispersing morphology with heating object material, the mode of even arrangement is fixed, well-regulatedly be distributed in elect magnetic field, utilize based on the electromagnetic wave of TE ripple and its reaction, the high heat of high temperature is produced in short time under dielectric loss principle, with need high-temperature calcination do not inhale ripple or weak suction ripple material in even mutual dispersed, thus to not inhaling ripple or weak suction ripple material heats.
Utilize by the way and strong inhale the heating of ripple exothermic material and do not inhale ripple or weak suction ripple material ratio simple saggar body formula or cavity type holds granule and powder material significantly improves on heat exchanger effectiveness, in cavity, the utilization ratio of electromagnetic field also increases simultaneously.
In order to the efficiency of the temperature and heating that improve heating, the technical program have employed the mode of dynamic heat, and this just requires that cavity and inner bag should be consistent with Flow of Goods and Materials direction on the direction arranged.In order to save the energy, little can be utilized in the process of dynamic heat to expect and powder material flow behavior under gravity, is the downward-sloping tubular in one end or the tubular with horizontal plane by cavity and heat-preservation liner.
The preferred scheme of this real technical scheme is that cavity have selected the layout requirements with horizontal plane in the longitudinal direction, cavity upper end by metering device within the unit interval in a small amount and continuous in feed in the inner bag of body of heater, material completes calcining by the process of cavity.
In order to reach above-described requirement, by lot of experiments, final find carborundum purity 98% with green silicon carbide and β-SIC, its dielectric constant is ε r=30-50.Be that the foamed ceramic body made of matrix high-performance wave-absorbing material is for microwave thermal bridgeware is to arrange heater with it, its aperture requires at more than 20PPI, the heater of different pore size, at about 2.5MM, according to the difference of heating target, suitably can be changed in the every footpath of actual apertures.
For strengthening the effect heated further, the shape of heater does funneling, the distribution in horizontal layer geometry from top to bottom in described cavity, with its three-dimensional hole shape structure favourable raising wave-sucking performance (auspicious see " loose structure is on the impact of Absorbing Materials " that the people such as Liu Xin in volume fourth phase December the 6th in 2007 " material and metallurgical journal " deliver), the elect magnetic field that this foamed ceramic body provides at cavity is with filled type fractions distribution, non-dense state fills the mode causing microwave penetration ability to decline again simultaneously, improve electromagnetic field utilization rate, standing wave and the traveling-wave field of elect magnetic field can be made full use of, it is as microwave heated samples itself, become bulk sample, and drawn in " modeling and simulation of multi-mode microwave heater " that the people such as Sun Peng deliver: sample volume is larger, the conclusion that then heating using microwave efficiency is higher.
By selection and the concrete structure arrangement arrangement of above-described material, the technical program is possessed efficiently provides the ability of 1200 DEG C of high temperature.And in β-SIC matrix, add the high temperature absorbing materials such as high-purity 99# aluminium oxide or electric-melting zirconia, the problem that β-SIC declines at high temperature section more than 800 DEG C wave-sucking performances can be solved, because high purity aluminium oxide and electric-melting zirconia there will be the characteristic of inhaling ripple fast and heating up being all incorporated in more than its critical-temperature with the good coupling of microwave more than 800 DEG C, it is made to be easy to provide 1400-1700 DEG C of high temperature, and because of the high 83.6W/m.K of carborundum material thermal conductivity factor, the reason of good thermal shock, there will not be thermal runaway and structure breaking, simultaneously because carborundum material is highly heat-conductive material, even if the high heat of generation high temperature that the suction Wave heating device local making it form because electromagnetic field is uneven is uneven, also self temperature equalization can be reached fast.
In heat exchanger effectiveness, β-SIC is that the pore space structure that the Tao Mo pottery interior three-dimensional of matrix communicates makes it have very high specific area, play again the effect that segmentation disconnects powder material simultaneously, making powder material be homogeneously dispersed state when flowing to foamed ceramics, solving the technical problem preventing powder material from piling up.
For achieving the heat transfer requirements of high-efficiency dynamic, according to material decomposable process, the calcining furnace of the technical program from upper and on can be divided into three functional areas, i.e. preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band three nucleuses, material successively through above-mentioned three regions, meets temperature of charge gradient and rises to the time and thermal requirement that finally complete decomposition in heating process.
What the heater of topmost portion preheating zone utilized is foam silicon carbide ceramics.With carborundum purity less than 96% black silicon carbide, dielectric constant is ε r < 30, makes Tao Mo ceramic body and is arranged to heater.Because its wave-sucking performance is poor, add thermal property according to microwave selective, microwave absorbing heat reaction can not occur substantially itself, and resonator does not highly lay microwave source at this.Carborundum possesses the strong feature of absorptive thermal radiation ability because thermal conductivity factor is high, in this case the heater of preheating zone can play the heat radiation absorbing middle and lower part, the design feature of its layered distribution has effectively blocked the heat in rising and the rising of part dust simultaneously, filter decomposition gas, utilize the waste heat absorbed to carry out heat exchange to the material in the process of flowing downward, this i.e. preheating zone.
Heating tape is positioned at below preheating zone.What the heater of heating tape utilized is β-SIC matrix foamed ceramic body, and shape is funnel-form, and layered distribution from top to bottom.Heating tape at work demand fulfillment by heating material to decomposition temperature, and be not less than 30% material and carry out decomposing.
Bottom, heating tape is pyrolytic band, and here material requirement completes decomposition or slaking substantially.Heater equally with above-mentioned β-SIC matrix foamed ceramic body for inhaling Wave heating device, shape is funnel-form, and layered distribution from top to bottom, its funnel-form downward gradient does not require too large, and improve thickness and PPI number is more than 30PPI, to provide higher temperature and calorific value, place one deck recrystallized silicon carbide potsherd thereon and do heating surface.
For realizing the control to pyrolytic band further, a white fused alumina material power transmission shaft is established at heating surface center, the variable speed electric motors, particularly installed from resonator bottom outer and gear drive drive and realize speed governing rotation, white fused alumina power transmission shaft connects the transverse link that a white fused alumina passes material on heating surface, be the material scraping plate that the white fused alumina of miter angle passes material by filling several and connecting rod below connecting rod and between heating surface, its number can according to the designs of assigning to such as several of heating surface annulus area, as trisection just establishes a material scraping plate in each decile annular region radial center position, establish three material scraping plates altogether.Material scraping plate preferably more than three, so that uniform scraper downwards.
Along with the rotation of power transmission shaft, granule and powder material from center by the drive that material scraping plate is gradually opened downwards, finally flow down this layer, because there being constant feeder feed, the powder material flowing through heating tape is also successively quantitative from upper reaches to one of pyrolytic band material scraping plate top, therefore known by the area of heating surface controlled with rotating speed that is power transmission shaft, being easy to control makes material thickness spread out within 1CM and promote downwards, the thickness dispersion of time on request and requirement can carry out heat exchange, decompose maturation stage completely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of little of hot industry microwave material and powder calcination stove.
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to sectional view.
Fig. 3 is that the B-B of Fig. 1 is to sectional view.
Fig. 4 is that the C-C of Fig. 1 is to sectional view.
Fig. 5 is that charging is started working dynamic schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is pyrolytic band trend of work schematic diagram.
Description of reference numerals
1-cavity; 2-inner bag; 3-heat-sink shell; 4-heater; 5-charging aperture; 6-discharging opening; 7-magnetron; 8-thermal store; 9-power transmission shaft; 10-choke groove; 11-temperature measuring equipment; 12-transverse link; 13-material scraping plate; 14-buncher.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail, little of a kind of continous way mineral material of the present invention, powder hot industry microwave calcination stove as shown in Figure 1, comprising: cavity 1, the magnetron 7 being connected to cavity 1 inwall, inner bag 2, heater 4, charging aperture 5, discharging opening 6.Magnetron 7 is connected with waveguide, microwave to send by wave guide resonance and towards inner bag 2 emitting electromagnetic wave from magnetron 7, preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band is set gradually from charging aperture 5 to discharging opening 6 in cavity 1, at least 1 layer of heater 4 is equipped with in preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band, described heater 4 is in funnel-form, be connected on inner bag 2, adjacent two-layer between have interval and in positive and negative phase buckle-like, the external diameter on upper strata is little and the external diameter of lower floor is large.
From Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the preheating zone heater 4 of calcining furnace can be made with black silicon carbide foam ceramic material, is connected on inner bag by heat-resisting material support member; For improving the effect of heating further, be provided with thermal store 8 between two-layer black silicon carbide foam ceramic material, thermal store 8 can use carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.
From Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the heating tape heater 4 of calcining furnace is that silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material is made, and is connected on inner bag by heat-resisting material support member; Its lower surface is provided with thermal store 8, and described thermal store 8 can be carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.
From Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, the pyrolytic band heater 4 of calcining furnace is that silicon B-carbide foam ceramic material is made, and is connected on inner bag by heat-resisting material support member; But compared with heating tape, the aperture of its material is less, and thickness is thicker, and its upper surface is provided with thermal store 8, and thermal store 8 can be carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.Be provided with the material scraping plate 13 matched with the heater 4 of heating tape in the cavity 1 of calcining furnace, material scraping plate 13 is fixedly connected on transverse link 12, and transverse link 12 is connected on buncher 14 by power transmission shaft 9.
The heater 4 arranged in the preheating zone of the calcining furnace of the technical program, heating tape, pyrolytic band, is spaced apart 5-10cm between adjacent two-layer heater 4.The charging aperture 5 of the calcining furnace of the technical program, discharging opening 6, power transmission shaft 9 exit are provided with choke groove 10.Choke groove 10 is for being located at the strip special-shaped slot structure at the gap place that may there is microwave leakage, and it has the function guiding reversion microwave phase, and in the porch of choke groove 10, microwave can be offset by its reverse back wave, to reduce microwave leakage.
The cavity 1 of calcining furnace and the middle and lower part of inner bag 2 are provided with temperature measuring equipment 11, and temperature measuring equipment 11 can be infrared temperature measurement apparatus or thermocouple temperature measuring equipment.Pyrolytic band heater 4 is less than or equal to 10 ° with the angle of horizontal plane.Calcining furnace shape close with the shape of cavity 1, the thickness of inner bag 2 is not less than 5cm, and the distance between inner bag 2 and cavity 1 is not less than 5cm.
In Figure 5, industrial microwave oven resonator work ahead, in inner bag, heater temperature reaches more than 1200 DEG C, temperature data is provided by the infrared temperature measurement apparatus of temperature measuring equipment 11 or thermocouple temperature measuring equipment, concrete maximum temperature should the comprehensive consideration setting according to the kind of decomposed carbonate and Active pharmaceutical and the material using heater 4, if Decomposition of Calcium Carbonate temperature is 1170 DEG C; Magnesium carbonate decomposition temperature is 813 DEG C; The decomposition temperature of SrCO3 is 1462 DEG C.Pure silicon B-carbide foamed ceramics heats up and generally only reaches 1200 DEG C, with the addition of 99# aluminium oxide, the silicon B-carbide foamed ceramics of electric-melting zirconia is then easy to rise to more than 1400 DEG C.
The industrial microwave oven course of work of the present invention is as follows:
General Requirements equipment heats up more than 20 minutes in advance, to utilize the high-temperature region dielectric loss inhaling Wave heating device 4 large, and the characteristic that hot-cast socket is fast, temperature should be constant.
Do not inhale the inner bag 2 involving weak suction granule or powder material and start to be flowed into by charging aperture 5 in cavity 1; in ground floor tip, preheating zone, heating is piled up on the top of the heater 4 of funnel-form black silicon carbide foamed ceramics sheet upwards; because funnel cone arranges angle by the angle that caves in of powder or small particles material; material can automatic slide downward; therefore, heater 4 is greater than 20 with the angle General Requirements of horizontal direction
o.In preheating zone; it is inner that powder can enter into the black silicon carbide foamed ceramics with three-dimensional pore space structure; be heated in dispersity and flow downward simultaneously; greater particle size particle to roll downwards slip from foamed ceramics upper surface, and recrystallized silicon carbide potsherd is accepted powder and flowed downwards for heat accumulation and heating surface bottom foamed ceramics.Material gets off from overhead stream, what catch material is often organize in positive and negative interlocking to be positioned at bottom and downward another layer in the slightly large tip of external diameter, in this one deck, material also flows by the mode of last layer, but occur inwardly turning back on direction, this layout to design enough large heat exchange contact face in little space, accept infra-red radiation face upwards, lower end also large as much as possible simultaneously, be more conducive to arranging that microwave absorbing heat conversion body utilizes strong-electromagnetic field band in stationary field, effectively by the standing wave mode of multi-mode resonator.
Several times through preheating zone are turned back and are flowed downward, material is fully dried in preheating zone and is heated to about 400 DEG C, then heating tape is flow to, in the heater 4 of heating tape, the composition hot stages such as the zirconia that silicon B-carbide matrix foamed ceramics adds there will be quick heating or thermal runaway phenomenon, at this moment recrystallized silicon carbide potsherd plays a part both to have arrived a large amount of calorific value of absorption storage, prevents the appearance of thermal runaway simultaneously.Heating surface (area) (HS in whole inner bag 2 generally extends into 10mm thickness to calculate by the volume for material handling per minute, and require that in 10mm, thickness material still can complete decomposition in one minute, heater 4 can by calculating with the corresponding of magnetron 7 power, add certain heat loss, substantially every 6 kilowatts of power outputs corresponding 1 kilogram of silicon B-carbide bubble matrix foamed ceramics in energy minimum stage.For obtaining the effect of good dispersion powder, silicon B-carbide matrix foam foamed ceramics selects porosity to be less than 60%; From inflow heating tape, preheating zone, after the silicon B-carbide matrix foamed ceramic body that material flow is generated heat through producing dielectric loss with microwave coupling directly touches high temperature, 600-800 DEG C can be warming up to very soon.
Material is through the downward flowing of turning back of some layers, the heater 4 having flow to pyrolytic band from preheating zone through heating tape has upwards portion central region, tip, as can be seen from Figure 6, the heater of pyrolytic band and the angle of horizontal direction promote because there being external force thus being less than or equal to 10
o, the material on the heater 4 of pyrolytic band, with the rotation of material scraping plate 13, can, by certain thickness and certain speed with the spiral gradually downward Rolling flow of open form formula, make gageable, the homodisperse contact with heating surface of material be heated and forward feeding.Because of pushed amount, other kiln body is a lot of less relatively, all requires not quite dynamic power transmission shaft 9 resistance and buncher 14 power.Under rotating speed on request promotes, material finally flows out from discharging opening 6, completes calcining and decomposing, maturing process.
Charging aperture 5 is tubular part, is provided with heat-sink shell 3 between charging aperture 5 and cavity, and described heat-sink shell 3 is made up of black silicon carbide foamed ceramics.The carbon dioxide produced in decomposition, maturing process in calcination process is upwards discharged by the black silicon carbide foamed ceramics of heat-sink shell 3, in the process of discharging, absorb the heat radiation of gas has about 1/3 and most of dust by black silicon carbide foamed ceramics, serve energy-conservation and reduce the effect of powder effusion.
Claims (14)
1. continous way mineral little material, powder hot industry microwave calcination stove, comprise: cavity, the magnetron being connected to described cavity inner wall, inner bag, heat generating member, charging aperture, discharging opening, it is characterized in that: described inside cavity is provided with heater, described heater is funnel-form, described heater to be connected on described inner bag and to be positioned at the described equal place of cavity electromagnetic wave, interval is had and in positive and negative phase buckle-like, the external diameter of upper strata heater is less than the external diameter of lower floor's heater between adjacent two-layer heater.
2. calcining furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cavity is divided into preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band successively from charging aperture to discharging opening therein, in described preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band, be equipped with at least 1 layer of heater.
3. calcining furnace according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described preheating zone inner heating device is made up of black silicon carbide foam ceramic material, described black silicon carbide foam ceramic material is be provided with thermal store between two-layer, described black silicon carbide foam ceramic material.
4. calcining furnace according to claim 3, is characterized in that described thermal store is silicon carbide ceramics plate.
5. calcining furnace according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described heating tape inner heating device is made up of silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material, described heating tape inner heating device lower surface is provided with thermal store, and described thermal store is carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.
6. the calcining furnace according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: described pyrolytic band inner heating device is made up of silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material, described pyrolytic band inner heating device upper surface is provided with thermal store, and described thermal store is carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.
7. calcining furnace according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described heater is made up of silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material and high purity aluminium oxide or electric-melting zirconia high temperature absorbing material.
8. calcining furnace according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: in described cavity, be provided with the material scraping plate matched with described heating tape inner heating device, described material scraping plate is fixedly connected on transverse link, and described transverse link is connected on buncher by power transmission shaft.
9. calcining furnace according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the spacing distance in described preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band between adjacent two layers heater is 5-10cm.
10. calcining furnace according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described charging aperture, discharging opening and described power transmission shaft exit are provided with choke groove.
11. calcining furnaces according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described cavity and described inner bag are provided with temperature measuring equipment, and described temperature measuring equipment is infrared temperature measurement apparatus or thermocouple temperature measuring equipment.
12. calcining furnaces according to claim 11, is characterized in that: described pyrolytic band inner heating device and the angle of horizontal plane are less than or equal to 10 °.
13. calcining furnaces according to claim 12, is characterized in that: the shape of described inner bag and the shape of described cavity are coincide, and the thickness of described inner bag is not less than 5cm, and the distance between described inner bag and described cavity is not less than 5cm.
14. calcining furnaces according to claim 13, is characterized in that: described charging aperture is tubulose, is provided with heat-sink shell between described charging aperture and described cavity.
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| CN104785498A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-22 | 广东新优威印刷装备科技有限公司 | Heat accumulating type microwave garbage or coal treatment equipment |
| CN106152778A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2016-11-23 | 王人旺 | Microwave high-temperature sintering system |
| CN106675662B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2019-06-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司大连石油化工研究院 | Material continuous pyrolysis gasification installation |
| CN106675661B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2019-05-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司大连石油化工研究院 | A kind of method of material continuous pyrolysis gasification |
| CN105771809A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏大学 | Semi-continuous microwave catalytic thermal cracking reactor |
| CN106304457A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of cylinder type Ore microwave pretreatment device and using method thereof |
| CN110180659A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-08-30 | 山东澳联新材料有限公司 | Silicon material microwave heating equipment |
| CN111762785A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-10-13 | 郑州航空工业管理学院 | Method for preparing granular silicon carbide by double-frequency microwave |
| CN112304098B (en) * | 2020-10-31 | 2023-11-10 | 湖南省虹宇碳素新材料有限公司 | Sagger for roasting carbon products |
| CN114700349B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-06-09 | 广西产研院智慧农业研究院有限公司 | Biofuel shaft kiln, red mud magnetizing device and red mud magnetizing method |
| FR3139188A1 (en) | 2022-08-29 | 2024-03-01 | Innovation & Development Company | microwave calcination furnace for solid materials divided into fine particles |
| CN116535971A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-08-04 | 63601部队 | Ultra-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant protective coating, preparation method thereof and ultra-temperature-resistant high-temperature-resistant protective coating |
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| US4963709A (en) * | 1987-07-24 | 1990-10-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy | Method and device for microwave sintering large ceramic articles |
| JP4216037B2 (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2009-01-28 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Electromagnetic wave heating device, heating sheath used in electromagnetic wave heating device, and method for producing ceramics using them |
| CN2656406Y (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2004-11-17 | 赵西寰 | Vertical calcining furnace for preparing kaolin powder |
| CN100489129C (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2009-05-20 | 株洲硬质合金集团有限公司 | Method of preparing cobalt oxide by microwave calcining cobalt salt and it powder material microwave calcining furnace |
| CN102305541A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-01-04 | 长沙隆泰微波热工有限公司 | Sintering furnace formed by combining microwaves and heat source |
| CN202281490U (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-06-20 | 洛阳市谱瑞慷达耐热测试设备有限公司 | Multi-layer calciner for granular materials |
| CN202973833U (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-06-05 | 黄旭鹏 | Continuous mineral small particle and powder high-temperature industrial microwave calcining furnace |
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