CN103822464A - Industrial continuous high-temperature microwave calcining furnace for mineral granules and powder - Google Patents
Industrial continuous high-temperature microwave calcining furnace for mineral granules and powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN103822464A CN103822464A CN201210464481.2A CN201210464481A CN103822464A CN 103822464 A CN103822464 A CN 103822464A CN 201210464481 A CN201210464481 A CN 201210464481A CN 103822464 A CN103822464 A CN 103822464A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an industrial continuous high-temperature microwave calcining furnace for mineral granules and powder. The industrial continuous high-temperature microwave calcining furnace comprises a cavity, magnetrons, a liner, heating devices, a feed inlet and a discharge outlet; the magnetrons are connected to the inner wall of the cavity. The industrial continuous high-temperature microwave calcining furnace is characterized in that funnel-shaped heating devices arranged inside the cavity are connected to the liner and disposed in an electromagnetic wave uniform field area in the cavity, the heating devices of adjacent two layers are spaced and are combined by the manner of matching the normal funnels with the upside-down funnels, and the outer diameter of the heating devices at the upper layer is smaller than that of the heating devices at the lower layer. The industrial continuous high-temperature microwave calcining furnace for the mineral granules and powder is simple in internal structure, high in heat exchange efficiency, small in size and space occupation and convenient to use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of industrial microwave calcining furnace, specifically a kind of carbonate etc. is not inhaled and involved little material of continous way mineral, the powder hot industry microwave calcination stove that the weak material of inhaling ripple carries out continous way calcining.
Background technology
The mineral such as carbonate, clinker, kaolin are for not inhaling ripple or weak wave absorbtion mineral, and their slaking, decomposable process all need through high-temperature calcination.At present, in known calcining and decomposing, curing process process, existing use stove has old-fashioned shaft furnace, new-type shaft furnace, rotary kiln and the rotary kiln with cyclone preheater, also has the powder suspension calcining stove of not yet extensive use.
Old-fashioned shaft furnace is just used for calcining cement in the world as far back as the twenties in 19th century, the production of magnesium by pidgeonprocess of 20 forties in centurial year is forged the old-fashioned shaft furnace that dolomite is exactly use.Old-fashioned shaft furnace is simple in structure, can be divided into straight tube kiln and reducing kiln by kiln body, need directly fire coal, the black smoke of generation is very large to environment, and loss is large, large containing a large amount of burning or underburnt material, bed of material resistance, calcining particle diameter is 60-150mm, differs larger, because lump ore needs the more than 30 minutes resolving times (to refer to Hebei Chemical Engineering College's journal first phase in 1988 " magnesite calcine technology Preliminary Study On Factors " from appearance to interior nuclear heat conduction, therefore material is long at kiln residence time, yields poorly.
New-type shaft furnace, being to improve on old-fashioned shaft furnace basis, has been strengthened improvement on fuel, distributing mode, ventilation and kiln structure, has occurred the kiln types such as gas burning, uniform distribution system, wind distributor, binary and sleeve.The deficiency that these technological improvements exist old-fashioned shaft furnace to a great extent makes moderate progress, but the factor of calcining particle diameter does not have basic improvement at bed of material resistance and material on kiln residence time, and energy consumption and efficiency do not obtain basic knot certainly yet.
Within 1824, Britain cement work J A Sipu has invented the native shaft kiln of intermittently operated; Within 1883, German Di thatch generation has been invented the multilayer shaft kiln of continued operation; 1885 British blue Pehanorms have been invented rotary kiln, after English, U.S.A obtain patent, it are put into production, and obtain very soon considerable economic benefit.The invention of rotary kiln, cement industry is developed rapidly, also promoted the research of people to rotary kiln application simultaneously, very fast rotary kiln is widely applied to many industrial circles. contrast shaft furnace, it is high that rotary kiln possesses mechanization degree, production capacity is large, equipment maintenance is simple, carbonate is calcined active advantages of higher, but because the interior material of rotary kiln is positioned at the lower surface of rotary kiln, and the high temperate zone of the flame of flame gun ejection is positioned at the upper surface of material, so heat has been directly passed to the refractory brick in kiln body greatly, the exhaust gas temperature of rotary kiln is also very high in addition, conventionally more than 600 ℃, cause its heat utilization efficiency not high.
Novel energy-saving rotary kiln is made up of the rotary kiln having shortened and the shaft preheater that is arranged on kiln tail, its energy-saving principle be exactly utilize high-temperature flue gas that kiln tail discharges in preheater material be preheated to decompose before temperature, about 600-900 ℃ left and right.Along with preheater occurs again shaft preheater in different field development, as the bulky grain such as dolomite and lime stone is calcined; Also has floated preheater, to powder calcinations such as clinkers.Floated preheater divides vertical barrel and cyclone type, and vertical barrel preheater has been tending towards superseded now.Shaft preheater is from top, material to be evenly preheated in preheating body to 900 ℃ of left and right, then by hydraulic push rod, material is pushed back in rotary kiln.When burning clinker of cement, generally use the rotary kiln with cyclone preheater, entrained a large amount of waste heats while utilizing exhaust emissions, in cyclone cylinder, under hot-air and dispersity, powder particle carries out heat exchange fast, dries and the preheating material temperature that raises to play, and reaches energy-conservation object.The common cost of these pre-heating devices is larger, and subsidiary facility energy consumption is high, and technical parameter requires strict, once will cause raw material really to tap into into rotary kiln and short circuit phenomenon as wind speed in cyclone cylinder and blast do not reach requirement.
Powder suspension calcining stove utilizes the specific area of molecule large just, heat exchanger effectiveness is high, conduct fast advantage from appearance to interior nuclear heat, make furnace chamber material under suction function be suspended dispersed state, the high hot-air high velocity stream of high temperature is crossed material surface and is made its moment reach requirement temperature, but the great amount of carbon dioxide gas that carbonate produces in the time decomposing can cause the impermanence of cavity negative pressure variation and be difficult to control, and the separation of a large amount of high temperature gas-solid mixtures of rear end simultaneously also consumes a lot of energy.
Generally speaking, substantially existing calciner all with the fuel of coal, coke, coal gas, natural gas, the contour smoke pollution of heavy oil as thermal source, there are two kinds of deficiencies of maximum discharge atmosphere pollution and high energy consumption, and old-fashioned shaft furnace and new-type shaft furnace be because air-conditioning requirement pan feeding particle diameter is conventionally more than 60mm and require certain material grating, when calcining large footpath ore, also need to supplement a large amount of cold airs to kiln body because ventilating has increased heat loss; And fine particle and powder can cannot be grilled thoroughly because of accumulation; Rotary kiln will add raising material unit and end and adds cyclone cylinder gas-solid separating device and collect airborne dust processing when powder is heaped, increased a large amount of energy consumptions, and caused the large spoke of equipment cost to raise.
Nearest is microwave high-temperature heating, and it at home and abroad launches to have studied decades.Microwave high-temperature heating makes polar substances from the high heat of the instantaneous generation high temperature of intramolecule by the principle such as magnetic hystersis loss or dielectric loss aspect fuel factor, and research shows that nano-tungsten powder can produce more than 2300 ℃ high temperature in the short time under microwave action.Because microwave high-temperature heating is simultaneously again without the characteristic of the aerobic gas of fuel combustion and air-conditioning requirement, microwave energy is seen as the high efficient energy sources that are only second to nuclear energy.
China has listed 863 Program from 88 years in the utilization of microwave energy, and at microwave sintering pottery, as the sciemtifec and technical spheres such as aluminum oxide Stupalox, microwave ceramics welding, microwave high-temperature metal powder metallurgy, high temperature wave-absorbing coating material, microwave black hole have been obtained some achievements.The utilization of microwave current fuel factor has obtained certain popularization in business, and various industrial microwave apparatus is constantly released, as microwave de-enzyming machine, microwave dryer etc.The most famous with high-temperature services such as each type micro-wave pushed bat kiln of the grand Thailand in Changsha, tunnel cave, Muffle furnaces in stove; Also have the microwave rotary kiln of Kunming University of Science and Technology's research and development to succeed simultaneously.
But the principal direction of these high temperature microwave equipment is directly to add thermal material with microwave at present, carry out heat conversion with the wave-sucking performance of material self, and the described material such as carbonate, kaolin is for not inhaling ripple or weak absorbing material, in microwave electromagnetic field, only have faint intensification, do not reach calcining object.Therefore utilize this class material of microwave heating effect high-temperature calcination, need microwave absorbing heat transition material as heater, the modes such as the logical heat transfer of material, radiation are heated, conventionally used have microwave Muffle furnace or a microwave tunnel kiln, its principle is to utilize suction ripple exothermic material to make saggar body, and material is placed on the heating of saggar body.But the heat exchanger effectiveness of this mode of heating is low, once material has its heat time of certain thickness to extend at double, add industrial microwave oven conventionally because cavity volume is large, its standing wave mode is many and complicated, in resonator, electromagnetic field intensity distributes more inhomogeneous, different its heating effects in position that saggar body is placed are also different, heat inhomogeneous situation obvious.Therefore use at present the mode of utilizing heating using microwave, do not inhale while involving weak absorbing material granule and powder at high-temperature calcination carbonate, clinker etc., existing equipment also cannot be realized.
In the time of calcining granule and powder material, stove has two aspect technical problems now: it is high that what 1, heat exchanger effectiveness was high pay cost, and energy consumption is also high; 2, heat hands over inefficient dust pollution large, and working effect is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
It is low that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of cost, energy consumption is little, the thermal efficiency is high, production efficiency is high, can reduce air venting and dust pollution simultaneously, the carbon dioxide that carbonate decomposition produces is without tar and smoke pollution and recoverable, can make full use of and little material of continous way mineral, the powder hot industry microwave calcination stove of turning waste into wealth mine tailing powder such as carbonate.The low energy consumption as required of this calcining furnace, calcine not inhaling of 10mm-3mm material and the following powder of 20 order rapidly, continuously and involve weak suction ripple carbonate mine.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, little material of a kind of continous way mineral of the present invention, powder hot industry microwave calcination stove comprise: cavity, the magnetron that is connected to described cavity inner wall, inner bag, heat generating member, charging aperture, discharging opening, inside cavity is provided with heater, heater is funnel-form, heater is connected on described inner bag and is positioned at the equal place of cavity electromagnetic wave, between adjacent two-layer heater, have interval and be the positive and negative shape that interlocks, the external diameter of upper strata heater is less than the external diameter of lower floor's heater.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the cavity of little material of a kind of continous way mineral of the present invention, powder hot industry microwave calcination stove is divided into preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band successively from charging aperture to discharging opening therein, in preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band, is equipped with at least 1 layer of heater.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the preheating zone inner heating device of the calcining furnace of the technical program is made up of black silicon carbide foam ceramic material, and black silicon carbide foam ceramic material is two-layer, between black silicon carbide foam ceramic material, is provided with thermal store.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the thermal store in the preheating zone of the calcining furnace of the technical program is silicon carbide ceramics plate.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the heating tape inner heating device of the calcining furnace of the technical program is made up of silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material, and heating tape inner heating device lower surface is provided with thermal store, and thermal store is carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the pyrolytic band inner heating device of the calcining furnace of the technical program is made up of silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material, pyrolytic band inner heating device upper surface is provided with thermal store, and thermal store is carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.
As the further improvement to the technical program, heater is made up of silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material and high purity aluminium oxide or electric-melting zirconia high temperature absorbing material.
As the further improvement to the technical program, in the cavity of the calcining furnace of the technical program, be provided with the material scraping plate matching with heating tape inner heating device, material scraping plate is fixedly connected on transverse link, and transverse link is connected on buncher by power transmission shaft.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the spacing distance in the preheating zone of the calcining furnace of the technical program, heating tape, pyrolytic band between adjacent two layers heater is 5-10cm.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the charging aperture of the calcining furnace of the technical program, discharging opening and power transmission shaft exit are provided with choke groove.
As the further improvement to the technical program, cavity and the inner bag of the calcining furnace of the technical program are provided with temperature measuring equipment, and temperature measuring equipment is infrared temperature measurement apparatus or thermocouple temperature measuring equipment.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the pyrolytic band inner heating device of the calcining furnace of the technical program and the angle of horizontal plane are less than or equal to 10 °.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the shape of the inner bag of the calcining furnace of the technical program and the shape of cavity are coincide, and the thickness of inner bag is not less than 5cm, and the distance between inner bag and cavity is not less than 5cm.
As the further improvement to the technical program, the charging aperture of the calcining furnace of the technical program is tubulose, between charging aperture and cavity, is provided with heat-sink shell, and heat-sink shell is made up of black silicon carbide foamed ceramics.In the process that after calcining, waste gas is discharged, heat-sink shell has absorbed approximately 1/3 heat radiation and most of dust by black silicon carbide foamed ceramics, has played effect energy-conservation and that reduction dust is overflowed.
Conventionally the cavity of industrial microwave oven is that resonant cavity size is greater than household microwave oven, generally at 500-20000 liter, what have is even larger, in any one resonator, crossing under mould state, the mode of resonance number that wherein may exist is to be directly proportional to the volume of this cavity, in other words, volume is larger, the model number that wherein may exist is just more, and the distributing homogeneity of microwave electric field in chamber is proportional with model number, Here it is why people always wish to design a larger furnace chamber of cavity volume and go to improve the uniformity of furnace chamber internal electric field, but consider power density and the requirement of quality factor q value.
The cavity size of the present invention particularly selection of cross sectional dimensions is mainly volume size and the shape need of considering material, the selection of length direction should be taken into account the output requirement of microwave power and processing, the compactness that cavity should do as far as possible, model number is many as far as possible.More suitable unloaded Q is not more than 10000, after placement suction ripple heat generating member is as filled media, according to comprising below unloaded Q formula in medium situation:
υ is fill factor, curve factor, and the ratio of filled media volume and cavity volume should meet and be not more than 1000 requirement comprising medium situation Q value.
It is complementary that the frequency of industrial microwave oven microwave source is generally 2.45Ghz and double frequency 2.45Ghz and 5.8Ghz or 915Mhz pattern, all meets the requirement of the technical program.Because industrial microwave furnace cavity is to be made by stainless steel materials mostly, cavity geometry also affects cavity standing internal wave pattern, as polygon tubular makes in cavity electromagnetic field more even because laid microwave source on multiple, has improved equal place φ value.
Because of the general power requirement of industrial microwave oven large, also corresponding increasing of the magnetron use amount of continuous wave, research is found many feedback mouths and is all conducive to improve the uniformity of electromagnetic field along the mode of the multi-point equispaced microwave source of chamber wall cross section, improve equal place area φ value, under the prerequisite of waveguide INDIRECT COUPLING, existing rectangle, cylindrical shape and polygon cylindrical cavity all meet the requirement of the technical program, all can snap action produce high temperature.
The technical program builds one deck aluminum oxide insulation material inner bag in inside cavity, can select aluminium oxide heat preservation plate material or mullite heat preservation plate material, inner bag volume should meet the summation that microwave heating equipment adds unit interval domestic demand heat treated volume of material, and has suitable surplus.
High temperature and stainless steel cavity that inner bag can produce the technical program microwave thermal reaction part play isolated insulation effect, and the fixing ripple heater of inhaling.The shape requirement of inner bag substantially matches or mates with stainless steel cavity geometry, and the thickness requirement of inner bag should be not less than 5CM, and inner bag is not less than 5CM apart from stainless steel cavity inner wall.
The electromagnetic wave that continuous wave magnetron is launched divides three kinds specifically: transverse electromagnetic wave is that TEM ripple, mould are that TE ripple, transverse magnetic wave are TM ripple to electric wave.In inner bag inside, change the form that the regular vessel type of saggar body formula or the cavity types etc. such as microwave Muffle furnace is inhaled ripple heater, by the strong suction ripple exothermic material of several high-ks, fill and submit mutual dispersing morphology with heated material with large volume, the mode of evenly arranging is fixed, the well-regulated elect magnetic field that is distributed in, utilize take TE ripple as main electromagnetic wave and react with it, under dielectric loss principle, in the short time, produce the high heat of high temperature, be evenly mutual dispersed with do not inhale ripple or the weak suction ripple material that need high-temperature calcination, thereby to not inhaling ripple or weak suction ripple material heats.
Utilize by the way and strong inhale that ripple or weak suction ripple material ratio simple saggar body formula are not inhaled in the heating of ripple exothermic material or cavity type holds granule and powder material significantly improves on heat exchanger effectiveness, in cavity, the utilization ratio of electromagnetic field also increases simultaneously.
In order to improve the temperature of heating and the efficiency of heating, the technical program has adopted the mode of dynamic heat, and this just requires cavity and the inner bag should be consistent with Flow of Goods and Materials direction in the direction of arranging.In order to save the energy, in the process of dynamic heat, can utilize little material and powder material flow behavior under gravity, cavity and heat-preservation liner are to the downward-sloping tubular in one end or the tubular vertical with horizontal plane.
The preferred scheme of this real technical scheme is that cavity has been selected the layout requirement vertical with horizontal plane in the longitudinal direction, cavity upper end by metering device within the unit interval in a small amount and continuously to feed in the inner bag of body of heater, material completes calcining by the process of cavity.
In order to reach above-described requirement, by lot of experiments, finally find carborundum purity 98% with green silicon carbide be β-SIC, its dielectric constant is ε r=30-50.The foamed ceramic body of making take it as matrix high-performance wave-absorbing material arranges heater as microwave thermal bridgeware, its aperture requires more than 20PPI, the heater of different pore size, in 2.5MM left and right, according to the difference of heating target, can suitably be changed in the every footpath of actual apertures.
For further strengthening the effect of heating, the shape of heater is done funneling, in described cavity, being from top to bottom horizontal layer distributes for how much, with the favourable raising wave-sucking performance of its three-dimensional hole shape structure (auspicious " impact of loose structure on Absorbing Materials " of seeing that the people such as middle Liu Xin of the 6th volume fourth phase of December in 2007 " material and metallurgical journal " deliver), the elect magnetic field that this foamed ceramic body provides at cavity distributes with filled type form, non-dense state is filled the mode that causes microwave penetration ability to decline again simultaneously, improve electromagnetic field utilization rate, can make full use of standing wave and the traveling-wave field of elect magnetic field, it is as heating using microwave sample itself, become bulk sample, and drawn in " modeling and simulation of multimode microwave applicator " that the people such as Sun Peng deliver: sample volume is larger, the conclusion that heating using microwave efficiency is higher.
By selection and the concrete structure arrangement arrangement of above-described material, make the technical program possess the ability that 1200 ℃ of high temperature are efficiently provided.And in β-SIC matrix, add the high temperature absorbing materials such as high-purity 99# aluminium oxide or electric-melting zirconia, can solve the problem that β-SIC declines at the more than 800 ℃ wave-sucking performance of high temperature section, because high purity aluminium oxide and electric-melting zirconia all can be incorporated in the characteristic that it more than critical-temperature there will be quick suction ripple to heat up with the good coupling of microwave more than 800 ℃, make it be easy to provide 1400-1700 ℃ of high temperature, and because of the high 83.6W/m.K of carborundum material thermal conductivity factor, the reason of good thermal shock, there will not be thermal runaway and structure breaking, simultaneously because carborundum material is highly heat-conductive material, even if make the high heat of the local inhomogeneous generation high temperature of the suction ripple heater of its formation because electromagnetic field is inhomogeneous, also can self reach fast temperature equalization.
Aspect heat exchanger effectiveness, β-SIC is that the pore space structure that the Tao Mo pottery interior three-dimensional of matrix communicates makes it have very high specific area, play again the effect that disconnects powder material of cutting apart simultaneously, make powder material in the time flowing to foamed ceramics, be homogeneously dispersed state, solved the technical problem that prevents that powder material from piling up.
For having realized the heat exchange requirement of high-efficiency dynamic, according to material decomposable process, the calcining furnace of the technical program from upper and on can be divided into three functional areas, be preheating zone, heating tape, three nucleuses of pyrolytic band, material passes through successively three above-mentioned regions in heating process, meets temperature of charge gradient and rises to the time and the heat requirement that finally complete decomposition.
The heater utilization of topmost portion preheating zone be foam silicon carbide ceramics.With the following black silicon carbide of carborundum purity 96%, dielectric constant is ε r < 30, makes Tao Mo ceramic body and is arranged to heater.Because its wave-sucking performance is poor, add thermal property according to microwave selective, itself substantially can there is not microwave absorbing heat reaction, resonator is not highly laid microwave source at this.Carborundum possesses the feature that absorptive thermal radiation ability is strong because thermal conductivity factor is high, the heater of preheating zone can play the heat radiation that absorbs middle and lower part in this case, the design feature of its layered distribution has effectively blocked in rising simultaneously heat and part dust rise, filter decomposition gas, utilize the waste heat absorbing to carry out heat exchange to the material in the process of flowing downward, this is preheating zone.
Heating tape is positioned at below, preheating zone.The heater utilization of heating tape be β-SIC matrix foamed ceramic body, be shaped as funnel-form, and layered distribution from top to bottom.Heating tape needs to meet by heating material at work to decomposition temperature, and is not less than 30% material and decomposes.
Bottom, heating tape is pyrolytic band, and here material requires substantially to complete and decomposes or slaking.Heater is equally take above-mentioned β-SIC matrix foamed ceramic body as inhaling ripple heater, be shaped as funnel-form, and layered distribution from top to bottom, its funnel-form gradient that dips down does not require too large, and improve thickness and PPI number is more than 30PPI, so that higher temperature and calorific value to be provided, to place one deck recrystallized silicon carbide potsherd thereon and do heating surface.
For further realizing the control to pyrolytic band, establish a white fused alumina material power transmission shaft at heating surface center, the variable speed electric motors, particularly of installing from outside, resonator bottom and gear drive drive realizes speed governing rotation, white fused alumina power transmission shaft connects the transverse link of a white fused alumina biography material on heating surface, between connecting rod below and heating surface, by dress, several are the material scraping plate of the white fused alumina biography material of miter angle with connecting rod, its number can assign to design according to several grades of heating surface annulus area, as trisection is just established a material scraping plate in each decile annular region radial center position, establish altogether three material scraping plates.Material scraping plate is preferably more than three, so that uniformly downward scraper.
Along with the rotation of power transmission shaft, the drive that granule and powder material are gradually opened downwards by material scraping plate from center, finally flow down this layer, because there being constant feeder feed, the powder material that flows through heating tape be also successively quantitative from upper reaches one to pyrolytic band material scraping plate top, therefore known controlled with rotating speed power transmission shaft by the area of heating surface, be easy to control and make material thickness in 1CM, spread out and promote downwards, time that can be on request and the thickness of requirement disperse to carry out heat exchange, have decomposed maturation stage completely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of little material of hot industry microwave and powder calcination stove.
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to cutaway view.
Fig. 3 is that the B-B of Fig. 1 is to cutaway view.
Fig. 4 is that the C-C of Fig. 1 is to cutaway view.
Fig. 5 is the charging dynamic schematic diagram of starting working.
Fig. 6 is pyrolytic band trend of work schematic diagram.
Description of reference numerals
1-cavity; 2-inner bag; 3-heat-sink shell; 4-heater; 5-charging aperture; 6-discharging opening; 7-magnetron; 8-thermal store; 9-power transmission shaft; 10-choke groove; 11-temperature measuring equipment; 12-transverse link; 13-material scraping plate; 14-buncher.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail, little material of a kind of continous way mineral of the present invention, powder hot industry microwave calcination stove as shown in Figure 1, comprising: cavity 1, the magnetron 7 that is connected to cavity 1 inwall, inner bag 2, heater 4, charging aperture 5, discharging opening 6.Magnetron 7 is connected with waveguide, microwave sends by wave guide resonance and towards inner bag 2 emitting electromagnetic waves from magnetron 7, in cavity 1, set gradually preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band from charging aperture 5 to discharging opening 6, in preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band, be equipped with at least 1 layer of heater 4, described heater 4 is funnel-form, be connected on inner bag 2, adjacent have interval and be the positive and negative shape that interlocks between two-layer, and the external diameter external diameter little and lower floor on upper strata is large.
From Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the preheating zone heater 4 of calcining furnace can be made with black silicon carbide foam ceramic material, is connected on inner bag by heat-resisting material support member; For further improving the effect of heating, between two-layer black silicon carbide foam ceramic material, be provided with thermal store 8, thermal store 8 can be used carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.
From Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the heating tape heater 4 of calcining furnace is that silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material is made, and is connected on inner bag by heat-resisting material support member; Its lower surface is provided with thermal store 8, and described thermal store 8 can be carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.
From Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, the pyrolytic band heater 4 of calcining furnace is that silicon B-carbide foam ceramic material is made, and is connected on inner bag by heat-resisting material support member; But, compared with heating tape, the aperture of its material is less, and thickness is thicker, and its upper surface is provided with thermal store 8, and thermal store 8 can be carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.In the cavity 1 of calcining furnace, be provided with the material scraping plate 13 matching with the heater 4 of heating tape, material scraping plate 13 is fixedly connected on transverse link 12, and transverse link 12 is connected on buncher 14 by power transmission shaft 9.
The heater 4 arranging in the preheating zone of the calcining furnace of the technical program, heating tape, pyrolytic band, is spaced apart 5-10cm between adjacent two-layer heater 4.The charging aperture 5 of the calcining furnace of the technical program, discharging opening 6, power transmission shaft 9 exits are provided with choke groove 10.Choke groove 10 is for being located at the strip special-shaped slot structure at the gap place that may have microwave leakage, and it has the function that guides reversion microwave phase, and in the porch of choke groove 10, microwave can be offset by its reverse back wave, to reduce microwave leakage.
The cavity 1 of calcining furnace and the middle and lower part of inner bag 2 are provided with temperature measuring equipment 11, and temperature measuring equipment 11 can be infrared temperature measurement apparatus or thermocouple temperature measuring equipment.Pyrolytic band heater 4 is less than or equal to 10 ° with the angle of horizontal plane.Calcining furnace shape and the shape of cavity 1 close, the thickness of inner bag 2 is not less than 5cm, the distance between inner bag 2 and cavity 1 is not less than 5cm.
In Fig. 5, industrial microwave oven resonator is worked in advance, in inner bag, heater temperature heats up and reaches more than 1200 ℃, temperature data is provided by infrared temperature measurement apparatus or the thermocouple temperature measuring equipment of temperature measuring equipment 11, concrete maximum temperature should and active require and use the material of heater 4 and comprehensive consideration is set according to the kind of decomposed carbonate, if Decomposition of Calcium Carbonate temperature is 1170 ℃; Magnesium carbonate decomposition temperature is 813 ℃; The decomposition temperature of SrCO3 is 1462 ℃.Pure silicon B-carbide foamed ceramics heats up and generally only reaches 1200 ℃, and the silicon B-carbide foamed ceramics that has added 99# aluminium oxide, electric-melting zirconia is easy to rise to more than 1400 ℃.
The industrial microwave oven course of work of the present invention is as follows:
General Requirements equipment heats up more than 20 minutes in advance, and to utilize the high-temperature region dielectric loss of suction ripple heater 4 large, heat conversion is fast, temperature should constant characteristic.
Do not inhale to involve and weak inhale granule or powder material starts to flow into the inner bag 2 in cavity 1 by charging aperture 5; in ground floor tip, preheating zone, heating is piled up on the top of the heater 4 of funnel-form black silicon carbide foamed ceramics sheet upwards; because funnel cone arranges angle by the angle that caves in of powder or small particles material; material can automatic down sliding; therefore, heater 4 is greater than 20 with the angle General Requirements of horizontal direction
o.In preheating zone; powder can enter into the black silicon carbide foamed ceramics inside with three-dimensional pore space structure; being dispersity is heated and flows downward simultaneously; greater particle size particle can be from the slip of rolling downwards of foamed ceramics upper surface, recrystallized silicon carbide potsherd in foamed ceramics bottom for heat accumulation and heating surface and accepting powder and flow downwards.Material gets off from overhead stream, what catch material is in every group of positive and negative interlocking, to be positioned at another downward layer of bottom and the slightly large tip of external diameter, in this one deck material also press last layer mode flow, but in direction, occur inwardly turning back, this layout to design enough large heat exchange contact face in little space, accept lower end infra-red radiation face upwards also large as much as possible simultaneously, be more conducive to arrange that by the standing wave mode of multi-mode resonator microwave absorbing heat conversion body is in stationary field, effectively utilize strong-electromagnetic field band.
Turn back and flow downward through the several times of preheating zone, 400 ℃ of left and right are fully dried and be heated to material in preheating zone, then flow to heating tape, in the heater 4 of heating tape, the composition hot stages such as the zirconia that silicon B-carbide matrix foamed ceramics adds there will be quick heating or thermal runaway phenomenon, at this moment recrystallized silicon carbide potsherd plays both to have arrived a large amount of calorific values of absorption storage, has prevented the appearance of thermal runaway simultaneously.Heating surface (area) (HS in whole inner bag 2 generally extends into 10mm thickness by the volume of wish material handling per minute and calculates, and require thickness material in 10mm still can in one minute, complete decomposition, heater 4 can be by calculating with the corresponding of magnetron 7 power, add certain heat loss, substantially the corresponding 1 kilogram of silicon B-carbide bubble of every 6 kilowatts of power outputs matrix foamed ceramics in energy minimum stage.For obtaining the effect of good dispersion powder, silicon B-carbide matrix foam foamed ceramics selects porosity to be less than 60%; From inflow heating tape, preheating zone, after directly touching high temperature, the silicon B-carbide matrix foamed ceramic body that material flow is generated heat through producing dielectric loss with microwave coupling can be warming up to very soon 600-800 ℃.
Material is through downward the flowing of some layers turn back, the heater 4 that has flow to pyrolytic band through heating tape from preheating zone has upwards part central area, tip, as can be seen from Figure 6, thus the heater of pyrolytic band and the angle of horizontal direction because of have external force promote be less than or equal to 10
o, the material on the heater 4 of pyrolytic band is with the rotation of material scraping plate 13, can by certain thickness and certain speed with spiral gradually the rolling downwards of open form formula flow, make gageable, the homodisperse also forward feeding that is heated that contacts with heating surface of material.Because of promotion amount, other kiln body is a lot of less relatively, and moving power transmission shaft 9 resistances and buncher 14 power are all required not quite.Under rotating speed on request promotes, material finally flows out from discharging opening 6, completes calcining and decomposing, maturing process.
Charging aperture 5 is tubular part, is provided with heat-sink shell 3 between charging aperture 5 and cavity, and described heat-sink shell 3 is made up of black silicon carbide foamed ceramics.The carbon dioxide producing in decomposition, maturing process in calcination process is upwards discharged by the black silicon carbide foamed ceramics of heat-sink shell 3, approximately 1/3 heat radiation and the most of dust that in the process of discharging, have absorbed by black silicon carbide foamed ceramics that gas has, played energy-conservation and reduced the effect that powder is overflowed.
Claims (14)
1. little material of continous way mineral, powder hot industry microwave calcination stove, comprise: cavity, the magnetron that is connected to described cavity inner wall, inner bag, heat generating member, charging aperture, discharging opening, it is characterized in that: described inside cavity is provided with heater, described heater is funnel-form, described heater is connected on described inner bag and is positioned at the described equal place of cavity electromagnetic wave, between adjacent two-layer heater, have interval and be the positive and negative shape that interlocks, the external diameter of upper strata heater is less than the external diameter of lower floor's heater.
2. calcining furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cavity is divided into preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band successively from charging aperture to discharging opening therein, in described preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band, be equipped with at least 1 layer of heater.
3. calcining furnace according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described preheating zone inner heating device is made up of black silicon carbide foam ceramic material, described black silicon carbide foam ceramic material is to be provided with thermal store between two-layer, described black silicon carbide foam ceramic material.
4. calcining furnace according to claim 3, is characterized in that described thermal store is silicon carbide ceramics plate.
5. calcining furnace according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described heating tape inner heating device is made up of silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material, described heating tape inner heating device lower surface is provided with thermal store, and described thermal store is carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.
6. according to the calcining furnace described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: described pyrolytic band inner heating device is made up of silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material, described pyrolytic band inner heating device upper surface is provided with thermal store, and described thermal store is carborundum recrystallized ceramic plate.
7. calcining furnace according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described heater is made up of silicon B-carbide matrix foam ceramic material and high purity aluminium oxide or electric-melting zirconia high temperature absorbing material.
8. calcining furnace according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: in described cavity, be provided with the material scraping plate matching with described heating tape inner heating device, described material scraping plate is fixedly connected on transverse link, and described transverse link is connected on buncher by power transmission shaft.
9. calcining furnace according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the spacing distance between the described interior adjacent two layers heater of preheating zone, heating tape, pyrolytic band is 5-10cm.
10. calcining furnace according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described charging aperture, discharging opening and described power transmission shaft exit are provided with choke groove.
11. calcining furnaces according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described cavity and described inner bag are provided with temperature measuring equipment, and described temperature measuring equipment is infrared temperature measurement apparatus or thermocouple temperature measuring equipment.
12. calcining furnaces according to claim 11, is characterized in that: described pyrolytic band inner heating device and the angle of horizontal plane are less than or equal to 10 °.
13. calcining furnaces according to claim 12, is characterized in that: the shape of the shape of described inner bag and described cavity is coincide, and the thickness of described inner bag is not less than 5cm, and the distance between described inner bag and described cavity is not less than 5cm.
14. calcining furnaces according to claim 13, is characterized in that: described charging aperture is tubulose, between described charging aperture and described cavity, are provided with heat-sink shell.
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| CN104785498A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-22 | 广东新优威印刷装备科技有限公司 | Heat accumulating type microwave garbage or coal treatment equipment |
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| CN106675662A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2017-05-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司大连石油化工研究院 | Continuous material pyrolysis gasification device |
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| CN110180659A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-08-30 | 山东澳联新材料有限公司 | Silicon material microwave heating equipment |
| CN111762785A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-10-13 | 郑州航空工业管理学院 | Method for preparing granular silicon carbide by double-frequency microwave |
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