CN103820807B - Device and method for producing hydrogen and generating electricity - Google Patents
Device and method for producing hydrogen and generating electricity Download PDFInfo
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- CN103820807B CN103820807B CN201410076942.8A CN201410076942A CN103820807B CN 103820807 B CN103820807 B CN 103820807B CN 201410076942 A CN201410076942 A CN 201410076942A CN 103820807 B CN103820807 B CN 103820807B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for producing hydrogen and generating electricity. The device comprises an electrochemical tank and an ion exchange membrane arranged inside the electrochemical tank, wherein the electrochemical tank is divided into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber by the ion exchange membrane; an anode and a cathode are arranged in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber respectively, and are connected with a resistance through a wire. The method and the device are characterized in that the anode comprises a catalyzer which can electro-oxidizing corresponding substrates with high efficiency, and an anode base; the cathode is made of a material with lower hydrogen evolution overpotential; the substrates and a neutral or alkaline electrolyte solution are accommodated in the anode chamber, a neutral or acidic electrolyte solution is accommodated in the cathode chamber, and the substrates are catalyzed and oxidized by the catalyzer, and then produce hydrogen under the action of the cathode chamber. The device and the method for producing hydrogen and generating electricity can produce hydrogen in the case that direct current is not provided, and can generate electricity; in addition, the device and the method can be used as a storage technology for hydrogen, and have favorable application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to applied chemistry and new energy field are and in particular to a kind of device of the hydrogen that can generate electricity, produce and side simultaneously
Method.
Background technology
Hydrogen is a kind of pollution-free and reproducible energy, has energy density height, the features such as can store transport.With energy
Source crisis and the increase in demand of clean energy resource, hydrogen enjoys people to pay close attention to as a kind of clean energy resource material of high heating value.Mesh
The generation technology of front hydrogen mainly includes coal gasification, petroleum cracking, biomass conversion, electrolysis water, solar energy photocatalytic water, microorganism
Fermentation etc., but often produce in these traditional technology above-mentioned more pollutant or exist energy consumption larger, conversion effect
The problems such as rate is high.Simultaneously because the storage of hydrogen and cost of transportation are higher, also have impact on its extensive application.Therefore, from containing
In hydrogen material, the friendly hydrogen generation technology of development environment has great importance.
Methanol, ethanol, glucose, carbamide etc. are widely present in nature as typical hydrogenous material it is easy to store
And transport, especially carbamide be even more exist in a large number in animals urine.Above-mentioned substance is permissible in fuel cell technology simultaneously
Realize electrocatalytic oxidation elelctrochemical power generation as anode fuel, hydrogen technology is produced with the electrochemistry that such material is developed for substrate, not only has
Good energy efficiency, it may have good environmental benefit.But from such substrate, the electrochemical techniques of acquisition hydrogen are past at present
Toward needing extra applying unidirectional current, this can make it be restricted in the application of some occasions.It is exploitation for this purpose of the present invention
A kind of do not need additionally to apply unidirectional current and can achieve the skill producing hydrogen from the substrates such as methanol, ethanol, glucose, carbamide
Art, and this technology can produce electric energy simultaneously.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of can be the electrochemical appliance of hydrogen and electric energy by corresponding substrate spontaneous nuclear transformation,
This device be not required to apply unidirectional current can produce hydrogen its, and can realize simultaneously generate electricity function.The hydrogen-generation power generation device of the present invention
Simple and environmentally-friendly, energy-conservation and transformation efficiency is high.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is：A kind of device of hydrogen-generation power generation it is characterised in that
Described device includes：Electrochemical cell and be arranged in electrochemical cell and be divided into anode chamber and the ion of cathode chamber to hand over electrochemical cell
Change film, be respectively arranged with anode and negative electrode in cathode chamber and anode interior, anode is connected with resistance by wire with negative electrode；Its
It is characterised by：By can efficiently the catalyst of the corresponding substrate of electroxidation and anode substrate form, negative electrode is using having relatively low analysis for anode
The material of hydrogen overpotential；Above-mentioned substrate and neutral or alkaline electrolyte solution is filled, during negative electrode interior is contained with anode chamber
Property or acidity electrolyte solution, and described substrate can by above-mentioned catalyst oxidation and further in the presence of cathode chamber
Produce hydrogen.
Preferably, described anode substrate is carbon cloth, graphite, carbon felt, titanium sheet, titanium net or nickel screen；Described catalyst be platinum carbon,
Platinum ruthenium carbon, platinum-tungsten oxide or nickel-tin alloy；The material of described negative electrode is platinum or nickel alloy.
Preferably：Described substrate is methanol, ethanol, glucose or carbamide.
Preferably：The indoor electrolyte solution of described anode is sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium hydroxide
Or potassium hydroxide；The indoor electrolyte solution of described negative electrode is sulfate solution, aqueous phosphatic, aqueous sulfuric acid or salt
Aqueous acid.
Preferably：Described ion exchange membrane adopts bipolar membrane.
Preferably：Described electrochemical cell is made up of the material that acid-fast alkali-proof corrodes.
Preferably：The material of described acid-fast alkali-proof corrosion is politef, lucite or unorganic glass.
Preferably：Described catalyst is coated in anode substrate.
Preferably：Described resistance two ends are parallel with voltmeter, for measuring the voltage at resistance two ends.
Another object of the present invention is to providing a kind of method carrying out hydrogen-generation power generation using said apparatus, the method includes
The following step：Catalyst is coated on anode substrate；Cathode chamber and anode chamber's ion exchange membrane are separated；Add in anode interior
Enter substrate and neutral or alkaline electrolyte solution, described substrate can be by the above-mentioned catalyst electro-catalysis being coated in anode substrate
Oxidation；In the electrolyte solution that negative electrode interior addition is neutral or acid；Pass through the external resistance of wire between the anode and the cathode,
Resistance two ends shunt voltage table, for measuring the voltage at resistance two ends；The catalyst being coated in anode substrate is indoor by anode
Substrate catalysis oxidation, discharge electronics and proton, electronics is delivered to negative electrode through external circuit, produce electric energy；And proton then passes through
Electrolyte is delivered to negative electrode, combines in negative electrode proton and electronics, produces hydrogen.
It is an advantage of the invention that not needing external unidirectional current can produce hydrogen, and substrate used is extensive in nature
The methanol of presence, ethanol, glucose, carbamide etc., save energy；Pollutant will not be produced, compared with environmental protection in course of reaction；Can simultaneously
Enough produce electric energy, achievable supplying power for outside.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is assembly of the invention schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the hydrogen volume schematic diagram over time that cathode chamber is collected
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, the hydrogen-generation power generation device of the present invention includes electrochemical cell and is arranged on electrochemistry in electrochemical cell
Pond is divided into the bipolar membrane of anode chamber and cathode chamber, is respectively arranged with anode and negative electrode in cathode chamber and anode interior, anode with
Negative electrode is connected with resistance by wire, and resistance two ends are parallel with voltmeter, for measuring the voltage at resistance two ends.Anode is by energy
The efficiently catalyst material of the corresponding substrate of electroxidation and anode substrate composition, described substrate is permissible in fuel cell technology
Realize electrocatalytic oxidation elelctrochemical power generation, such as methanol, ethanol, glucose, carbamide etc. as anode fuel, above-mentioned substrate is contained in anode
Indoor；Anode substrate is carbon cloth, graphite, carbon felt, titanium sheet, titanium net or nickel screen, and catalyst material is platinum carbon, platinum ruthenium carbon, platinum-oxidation
Tungsten or nickel-tin alloy；Above-mentioned catalyst material is coated in anode substrate.Negative electrode is using the material with relatively low overpotential of hydrogen evolution
Material, such as platinum or nickel alloy；Electrolyte solution is all filled, the electrolyte in anode chamber can be neutral in anode chamber and cathode chamber
Sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride etc., or the sodium hydroxide of alkalescence, potassium hydroxide etc.；The indoor electrolysis of negative electrode
Matter solution can be made up of the acidic electrolyte bath such as the neutral electrolytes such as sulfate or aqueous phosphatic or sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid.Cloudy
Pole room and anode chamber are separated by bipolar membrane.Bipolar membrane can be positive bipolar membrane, cloudy bipolar membrane or bipolar membrane.
The material that electrochemical cell can be corroded by the acid-fast alkali-proof such as material such as politef, lucite, unorganic glass is made.
The hydrogen-generation power generation process of the present invention is：The indoor substrate of anode is catalyzed oxygen by the catalyst being coated in anode substrate
Change, discharge electronics and proton, electronics is delivered to negative electrode via the external circuit of wire and resistance composition, produces electric energy；And proton
Then negative electrode is delivered to by electrolyte, combines in negative electrode proton and electronics, produce hydrogen.
Embodiment：Construct an electrochemical cell, anode substrate rectangle business carbon cloth, area with the schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1
For 6cm2, carbon cloth surfaces apply 60%Pt-Ru/C catalyst, the load capacity of Pt is 1mg cm-2；Negative electrode adopts rectangle platinum
Piece, area is 3.4cm2, anode interior fills the methanol of 2.5mol/L, 0.26mol L-1Sodium sulfate and 0.5mol L-1Hydrogen-oxygen
Change sodium mixed solution 16mL；Negative electrode interior fills 0.1mol L-1Sulphuric acid, cathode chamber and anode chamber's bipolar membrane separate.This
Electrochemical cell can supplying power for outside, during external 50 ohm of external resistance, resistance both end voltage be 0.172V, ask calculation by annode area
The power density of output electric energy has reached 0.693W m-2.The hydrogen volume that cathode collector arrives with the response time increase and by
Cumulative plus, as shown in Fig. 2 negative electrode maximum hydrogen-producing speed up to 0.65m3m-3d-1.
In sum, the present invention can overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of simple and environmentally-friendly, energy-conservation and convert effect
The apparatus and method of the high hydrogen-generation power generation of rate, do not need external galvanic in the case of can produce hydrogen, application scenario is not
It is restricted, thus application width, can solve the problems, such as limited by product hydrogen methods application of the prior art.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, therefore only this can not limit the scope that the present invention is implemented, that is, according to this
Equivalence changes and modification that patent of invention scope and description are made, all should be in the range of the present invention covers.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of device of hydrogen-generation power generation is it is characterised in that described device includes：Electrochemical cell and being arranged in electrochemical cell
Electrochemical cell is divided into the ion exchange membrane of anode chamber and cathode chamber, is respectively arranged with anode and the moon in cathode chamber and anode interior
Pole, anode is connected with resistance by wire with negative electrode；It is characterized in that：Anode is by the catalysis of the efficient corresponding substrate of electroxidation of energy
Agent and anode substrate composition, negative electrode is using the material with relatively low overpotential of hydrogen evolution；Above-mentioned substrate and neutrality is filled in anode chamber
Or the electrolyte solution of alkalescence, negative electrode interior is contained with the electrolyte solution of neutrality or acidity, and described substrate can be urged by above-mentioned
Agent catalysis oxidation simultaneously produces hydrogen further in the presence of cathode chamber；
Described anode substrate is carbon cloth, graphite, carbon felt, titanium sheet, titanium net or nickel screen；Described catalyst be platinum carbon, platinum ruthenium carbon or
Platinum oxidation tungsten；The material of described negative electrode is platinum or nickel alloy；
Described substrate is methanol, ethanol, glucose or carbamide.
2. hydrogen-generation power generation according to claim 1 device it is characterised in that：The indoor electrolyte solution of described anode is
Sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide；The indoor electrolyte solution of described negative electrode is sulphuric acid
Saline solution, aqueous phosphatic, aqueous sulfuric acid or aqueous hydrochloric acid solution.
3. hydrogen-generation power generation according to claim 1 device it is characterised in that：Described ion exchange membrane adopts bipolarity
Film.
4. hydrogen-generation power generation according to claim 1 device it is characterised in that：Described electrochemical cell is corroded by acid-fast alkali-proof
Material make.
5. hydrogen-generation power generation according to claim 4 device it is characterised in that：The material of described acid-fast alkali-proof corrosion is poly-
Tetrafluoroethene, lucite or unorganic glass.
6. hydrogen-generation power generation according to claim 1 device it is characterised in that：Described catalyst is coated on anode substrate
On.
7. hydrogen-generation power generation according to claim 1 device it is characterised in that：Described resistance two ends are parallel with voltmeter,
For measuring the voltage at resistance two ends.
8. a kind of device using the hydrogen-generation power generation described in claim 1 carries out the method for hydrogen-generation power generation it is characterised in that including
The following step：Catalyst is coated on anode substrate；Cathode chamber and anode chamber's ion exchange membrane are separated；Add in anode interior
Enter substrate and neutral or alkaline electrolyte solution, described substrate can be by the above-mentioned catalyst electro-catalysis being coated in anode substrate
Oxidation；In the electrolyte solution that negative electrode interior addition is neutral or acid；Pass through the external resistance of wire between the anode and the cathode,
Resistance two ends shunt voltage table, for measuring the voltage at resistance two ends；The catalyst being coated in anode substrate is indoor by anode
Substrate catalysis oxidation, discharge electronics and proton, electronics is delivered to negative electrode through external circuit, produce electric energy；And proton then passes through
Electrolyte is delivered to negative electrode, combines in negative electrode proton and electronics, produces hydrogen.
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| CN201410076942.8A CN103820807B (en) | 2014-03-04 | 2014-03-04 | Device and method for producing hydrogen and generating electricity |
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| CN201410076942.8A CN103820807B (en) | 2014-03-04 | 2014-03-04 | Device and method for producing hydrogen and generating electricity |
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| CN103820807B true CN103820807B (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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| CN107218121B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-10-08 | 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of biology urea comprehensive system for electric generation |
| CN107191266B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-10-08 | 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of biology urea electricity generation system |
| CN107326387B (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2019-05-17 | 中国科学技术大学 | The equipment and its application method of hydrogen can be directly produced using salt error |
| CO2017012602A1 (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-02-20 | Castro Juan Jose Lozada | Reactor that produces hydrogen from the reduction of hydronium ions present in the chemical equilibrium of water and by the oxidation of organic molecules present in excreta |
| DE102018111275A1 (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2019-11-14 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Electrochemical reactor and process for producing ammonia and hydrogen from a urea solution by electrolysis |
| CN109148917B (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2022-03-25 | 北京化工大学 | Method for realizing hydrogen production by hydrogen storage micromolecules and outputting electric energy simultaneously |
| CN109208020A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-15 | 广东顺德西安交通大学研究院 | A kind of electrochemical appliance and method synthesizing nano cuprous oxide |
| CN109234768A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-18 | 广东顺德西安交通大学研究院 | A kind of electrochemical appliance preparing nano-Ag particles and method |
| CN112864401A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-05-28 | 大连大学 | Application of noble metal modified paper electrode in preparation of ethylene glycol electrocatalytic oxidation battery |
| CN113130917B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-11-25 | 大连大学 | Construction method of electrocatalytic oxidation ethanol fuel cell |
| WO2022245081A1 (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-11-24 | 주식회사 에이에이알 | Hydrogen production system using ammonia and fuel cell using ammonia |
| KR102481450B1 (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2022-12-26 | 주식회사 이노켐텍 | Hydrogen generation device having an ion exchange membrane |
| CN113774417B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-05-31 | 合肥工业大学 | Water electrolysis device for producing hydrogen and oxygen by bipolar capacitance instead of ion diaphragm separation |
| CN114752951A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-07-15 | 临沂大学 | Device capable of synchronously producing hydrogen and oxidizing organic matters and electrode preparation method |
| CN115094454B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2023-08-25 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Electrolytic cell and method for urea electrolysis hydrogen production and carbon reduction |
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Effective date of registration: 20170608 Address after: 523085 Guangdong city of Dongguan province water Road No. 96 branch of the international information industry park 20 Patentee after: Guangdong Vojssen environmental protection Polytron Technologies Inc Address before: 710049 Xianning West Road, Shaanxi, China, No. 28, No. Patentee before: Xi'an Jiaotong University |
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