CN103820160A - Combustion chamber, coal water slurry gasification furnace with water wall and multiple opposite nozzles, and application of coal water slurry gasification furnace - Google Patents
Combustion chamber, coal water slurry gasification furnace with water wall and multiple opposite nozzles, and application of coal water slurry gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN103820160A CN103820160A CN201410075026.2A CN201410075026A CN103820160A CN 103820160 A CN103820160 A CN 103820160A CN 201410075026 A CN201410075026 A CN 201410075026A CN 103820160 A CN103820160 A CN 103820160A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a combustion chamber, a coal water slurry gasification furnace with a water wall and multiple opposite nozzles, and application of the coal water slurry gasification furnace. The combustion chamber comprises a metal furnace housing (1), a pipe coil type water wall internal part (2), a preheating nozzle chamber (3) arranged at the top of the combustion chamber, technological nozzle chambers (4), and a gas-residue outlet (5) formed in the central part of the lower end of the combustion chamber, wherein the technological nozzle chambers (4) are arranged in the upper half space of the combustion chamber in the horizontal direction in 1 to 3 layers, and 1 to 3 pairs of the technological nozzle chambers (4) are arranged on each layer; the pipe coil type water wall internal part (2) is formed by coiling 2 to 10 metal tubes with the same specification; the inlet ends and outlet ends of the metal tubes are connected with a collecting box. The combustion chamber designed by the invention greatly expands the coal type application range of the coal water slurry gasifying technology, and parts can be replaced or maintained separately; the technological nozzles mounted in the technological nozzle chambers (4) can operate entirely or partly, and thus the operating load range of the gasification furnace is greatly widened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the structure of a kind of combustion chamber and coal slurry gasifier thereof, adopt the internals lining of water wall as multiple-nozzle contraposition type coal water slurry gasification stove.
Background technology
Air flow bed coal water slurry gasification technology has obtained widespread use in recent years.Wherein representational technology comprises the coal water slurry gasification technology (former Texaco coal water slurry gasification technology) of GE company of the U.S., the multi-nozzle opposed Coal Gasification Technology (Chinese patent of East China University of Science's exploitation, patent No. ZL98110616.1, ZL2005101114824.8, ZL01210097.8).
Traditional air flow bed coal water slurry gasification technology is general to be adopted using refractory brick and heat-insulating heat-preserving material as vapourizing furnace combustion chamber insulated lining.The lining form of this vapourizing furnace combustion chamber has high temperature protection and accumulation of heat, heat-blocking action.
Mainly there is following some deficiency in the combustion chamber lining of refractory brick form:
1, restricted to the feed coal of coal water slurry gasification.At present, traditional coal slurry gasifier take refractory brick as lining, generally adopts bituminous coal that grey melt temperature is lower as gasification of coal raw material.Why adopting the coal that grey melt temperature is lower, is because airflow bed gasification furnace generally all adopts the mode of slag tap, make coal ash liquefy slag, just need gasification zone temperature higher than grey melt temperature with by coal ash scorification.But, gasification temperature is too high, can greatly aggravate deteriorating of refractory liner material, in order to guarantee certain refractory liner materials'use life-span, just have to adopt the coal that grey melt temperature is lower, the suitability of this height ash melting point coal that has greatly limited Chinese extensive existence in coal water slurry gasification technique.
2, refractory brick needs periodic replacement, and expense is high, and environmental problem is larger.Even if adopt suitable coal for coal water slurry gasification (referring to that ash fusion point is lower), lining of fire brick, the especially refractory brick of innermost layer high temperature resistance, due to its be subject to High Temperature Gas slag erosion, wash away, in use for some time, just need to change local or overall lining of fire brick.This has increased the running cost of enterprise on the one hand, and in addition, because current refractory brick material adopts chromium as main raw material substantially, and the processes such as the preparation melting of chromium are brought serious environmental problem.
Refractory brick needs preheating, has increased running cost, has reduced equipment availability.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of technology take water wall as coal slurry gasifier combustion chamber lining, the drawback existing to solve traditional coal slurry gasifier combustion chamber take refractory brick as lining.
A kind of combustion chamber, described combustion chamber comprises metal furnace shell 1, coil tube type water wall internals 2, the preheating nozzle box 3 that is located at described top of combustion chamber, technique nozzle box 4, is positioned at the gas slag outlet 5 in centre, lower end, described combustion chamber;
Described technique nozzle box 4 divides 1～3 layer (the technique nozzle box 4 of every one deck is positioned at same level) to be arranged on upper part space of described combustion chamber by horizontal direction, every one deck is provided with 1～3 pair of described technique nozzle box 4, and the described technique nozzle box 4 of every one deck is evenly arranged on the circumferential direction of described vapourizing furnace;
Described coil tube type water wall internals 2 are coiled to form by the metal tube of 2～10 same sizes, and the turnover end of described metal tube is connected with header; The vertical axis of described coil tube type water wall internals 2 overlaps with the vertical axis of described metal furnace shell 1;
Described gas slag outlet 5 is coaxial with described combustion chamber in the vertical direction, and described gas slag outlet 5 is coiled to form by 1～5 metal tube.
Described preheating nozzle box 3 overlaps with the vertical axis of described metal furnace shell 1, and described preheating nozzle box 3 is coiled to form by 1～5 metal tube.
Between described preheating nozzle box 3 and described coil tube type water wall internals 2, there is the gap of filling with elastomeric light fire resistant materials.
Between described gas slag outlet 5 and described coil tube type water wall internals 2, there is the gap of filling with elastomeric light fire resistant materials.
Described technique nozzle box 4 comprises the furnace shell lateral aperture 6 of described metal furnace shell 1 and the water wall lateral aperture 7 of described coil tube type water wall internals 2, between described furnace shell lateral aperture 6 and described water wall lateral aperture 7, connect mutually by corrugated tube 9, the horizontal center line axis of described furnace shell lateral aperture 6, water wall lateral aperture 7 is parallel to each other.
A kind of water wall multiple-nozzle contraposition type coal water slurry gasification stove, has above arbitrary described combustion chamber.
The application of above-mentioned water wall multiple-nozzle contraposition type coal water slurry gasification stove, be specially: the gasification by described vapourizing furnace for coal water slurry feeding gas fluidized bed, comprise the steps: that coal water slurry gasification raw material and oxygen are sprayed into described combustion chamber by the technique nozzle by being installed on technique nozzle box 4, carry out gasification reaction, the high-temperature gas and the high-temperature slag that generate flow downward, and discharge described combustion chamber through described gas slag outlet 5.
At the initial stage of described gasification reaction, spray into gaseous state or liquid fuel and oxygenant (for example, air etc.) by the pre-hot nozzle of described preheating nozzle box 3 interior installations, carry out combustion reactions, make described coil tube type water wall internals 2 carry out preheating; In the time that described coil tube type water wall internals 2 are preheating to assigned temperature, more described coal water slurry gasification raw material and described oxygen are sprayed into described combustion chamber the flame ignition by described pre-hot nozzle by being installed on the technique nozzle of technique nozzle box 4; After the flame stabilization of described technique nozzle, extinguish the flame of described pre-hot nozzle.
Set up in whole or in part and the stationary flame of described coal water slurry gasification raw material and oxygen at described technique nozzle, and extinguish after the flame of described pre-hot nozzle, continue to pass into the single or mixed gas in nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, water vapor, or continue to pass into new coal water slurry gasification raw material and oxygen as gasification feed, or pass into the gas mixture that gasification reaction produces;
Wherein, in the time that the part of described technique nozzle sprays into described coal water slurry gasification raw material and oxygen and carries out gasification reaction; other parts of described technique nozzle spray into the single or mixed gas in a small amount of nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, water vapor, are damaged with the high temperature of protecting technique nozzle not to be vaporized reaction formation.
Compared with the traditional coal water slurry gasification technology take refractory brick as lining, the present invention has following remarkable advantage:
1, adopt water wall as coal slurry gasifier internal structure, utilize the feature of water wall " with slag anti-slag ", the higher coal of annoying ashing melt temperature, has expanded the coal subject range of water-gas metallization processes greatly.
2, adopt coil tube type water wall 2 as vapourizing furnace combustion chamber body interior structure, between the gas slag outlet 5 of the preheating nozzle box 3 at top, the technique nozzle box 4 of side and bottom and coil tube type water wall, be not directly fixedly connected with, gap location is filled with elastomeric light fire resistant materials.Like this, rear three can depart from coil tube type water wall, changes separately or maintenance.Improve on the one hand the work reliability of associated components, also at utmost reduced on the other hand failure rate and the maintenance load of water wall main body.
3, adopt the pre-hot nozzle being arranged in preheating nozzle box, top 3 to carry out preheating to inside, vapourizing furnace combustion chamber, and provide stationary flame to light to be arranged on coal slurry and the oxygen that the technique nozzle in technique nozzle box 4 sprays into, need in same nozzle, not carry out the switching of pre-burning flame and coal slurry oxygen process feeds, make coal slurry gasifier startup procedure simple and reliable.
4, be arranged on the technique nozzle in multiple techniques nozzle box 4, technique nozzle carries out work in whole or in part, has greatly increased the operating load scope of vapourizing furnace.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of combustion chamber in water wall multiple-nozzle contraposition type coal water slurry gasification stove;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of coil tube type water wall internals.
Nomenclature:
1 metal furnace shell; 2 coil tube type water wall internals; 3 preheating nozzle boxs; 4 technique nozzle boxs;
5 gas slag outlets; 6 furnace shell lateral apertures; 7 water wall lateral apertures, 8 technique nozzles;
9 corrugated tubes; 10 preset piecess; 11 water wall coil pipe water inlet pipes;
12 water wall coil pipe rising pipes; 13 pre-hot nozzles; 14 elastomeric light fire resistant materials;
15 preheating nozzle openings; 16 gas slag exit openings.
Embodiment
Further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but these embodiment do not limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, in water wall multiple-nozzle contraposition type coal water slurry gasification stove, combustion chamber has metal furnace shell 1, and its main body is tubular structure, and the top of metal furnace shell 1 is that a dome head, bottom are cone-shaped structure.The bottom of this metal furnace shell 1 can connect gasification device for washing and cooling or a heat recovery equipment with footpath or reducing.The lower end of dome head center, cylindrical shell straight section and coniform bottom arranges circular open, to export 5 installation site as pre-hot nozzle 13, technique nozzle 8 and gas slag respectively.
Combustion chamber also has coil tube type water wall internals 2, is located at the preheating nozzle box 3 of top of combustion chamber, technique nozzle box 4, be positioned at the gas slag outlet 5 in centre, lower end, combustion chamber.
In order to ensure keeping certain distance between process of expansion and contraction mid-game pipe-type water-cooling wall internals 2 and metal furnace shell 1, be provided with preset pieces 10.
The outlet 5 of gas slag is coaxial with combustion chamber in the vertical direction, is coiled to form by 1～5 metal tube.
Preheating nozzle box 3 overlaps with the vertical axis of metal furnace shell 1, is coiled to form by 1～5 metal tube.Preheating nozzle box 3 is arranged on top of combustion chamber center, by a dismountable tubular construction being coiled to form by metal tube of independence and be installed in coil tube type water wall internals 2 open top spaces and form in coaxial mode.Adopt preheating nozzle box 3 structures of the present invention's design, can independently change maintenance preheating nozzle box, and not affect main body water wall coil pipe.
Between preheating nozzle box 3 and coil tube type water wall internals 2 and between the outlet 5 of gas slag and coil tube type water wall internals 2, there is the gap (3～200mm) of filling with elastomeric light fire resistant materials 14.
Gas slag outlet 5 is positioned at coil tube type water wall internals 2 Zhui Di centers, bottom.The outlet 5 of gas slag forms gas slag outlet inner core by a dismountable tubular construction being coiled to form by metal tube of independence, gas slag outlet inner core is coaxial with the open space of the gas slag outlet 5 of coil tube type water wall internals 2 bottoms, and there is certain gap (3～200mm), in clearance space, fill with elastomeric light fire resistant materials.The independently detachable maintenance of gas slag outlet inner core, and do not affect coil tube type water wall internals 2.
Coil tube type water wall internals as shown in Figure 2, its main body is a coil tube type structure.So-called coil tube type, (the present invention is 2～10 to be some, preferably 3～5) the parallel coiled coil of metal tube forms, and reserve preheating nozzle box 3 in corresponding position, the open space (there is shown the gentle slag exit opening 16 of preheating nozzle opening 15) of technique nozzle box 4 and gas slag outlet 5.In order to protect metal coil pipe, can lay the insulating refractory that one deck 0.5～200mm is thick at the salver tube-surface near burner hearth one side, as silicon carbide.In the time there is coal water slurry gasification reaction process in vapourizing furnace combustion chamber, at high temperature melting of the lime-ash in coal, part lime-ash adhere to be cooled behind water wall surface curing, thereby form a dynamic protective layer, to protect water wall coil pipe not by high temperature ablation.There is the change of thickness in this dynamic slag blanket, but generally, is followed successively by burner hearth from water wall coil pipe wall along with the difference of coal and gasification temperature: solid-state slag blanket, softening slag blanket and mobile slag blanket.
The turnover end of the metal tube of parallel spiral coiling is connected with header; The vertical axis of coil tube type water wall internals 2 overlaps with the vertical axis of described metal furnace shell 1, has water wall coil pipe water inlet pipe 11 and water wall coil pipe rising pipe 12.
Vapourizing furnace combustion chamber designed according to this invention, has the quick stable feature of the igniting that goes into operation.By being arranged on the pre-hot nozzle in the preheating nozzle box at top, speed to exit or other liquid state fuel with diesel oil, Sweet natural gas, liquefied gas, factory, carry out combustion reactions with air, first main body water wall coil pipe is carried out to preheating, then, by being arranged on the technique nozzle in technique nozzle box, spray into coal water slurry and oxygen, the flame that is preheated nozzle formation is lighted, carry out gasification, and combustion reaction, preheating nozzle flame can maintain for some time, after technique nozzle flame complete stability, extinguishes again.Pre-hot nozzle after fray-out of flame can spray into the gases such as a small amount of nitrogen, carbonic acid gas or steam self is protected.Because the vapourizing furnace combustion chamber of the present invention's design is provided with multiple techniques nozzle box and technique nozzle thereof, in the time that system feeds intake work, can feed intake by a pair of nozzle, also can feed intake by two pairs of nozzles simultaneously.
Vapourizing furnace combustion chamber designed according to this invention, also has load range wide, and regulating measure is feature flexibly.Owing to being provided with multiple techniques nozzle box and technique nozzle thereof; vapourizing furnace combustion chamber can adopt all technique nozzles with identical load operation; also can part technique nozzle operation and other technique nozzles can quit work with a small amount of nitrogen, carbonic acid gas or steam protection in the situation that; or the technique nozzle of different positions is according to different load work; by these flexible means, can make integrated gasification stove work in great load range.
Claims (10)
1. a combustion chamber, it is characterized in that, described combustion chamber comprises metal furnace shell (1), coil tube type water wall internals (2), is located at the preheating nozzle box (3) of described top of combustion chamber, technique nozzle box (4), be positioned at the gas slag outlet (5) in centre, lower end, described combustion chamber;
Described technique nozzle box (4) divides 1～3 layer of upper part space that is arranged on described combustion chamber by horizontal direction, every one deck is provided with 1～3 pair of described technique nozzle box (4), and the described technique nozzle box (4) of every one deck is evenly arranged on the circumferential direction of described vapourizing furnace;
Described coil tube type water wall internals (2) are coiled to form by the metal tube of 2～10 same sizes, and the turnover end of described metal tube is connected with header; The vertical axis of described coil tube type water wall internals (2) overlaps with the vertical axis of described metal furnace shell (1).
2. combustion chamber according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described gas slag outlet (5) is coaxial with described combustion chamber in the vertical direction, and described gas slag outlet (5) is coiled to form by 1～5 metal tube.
3. combustion chamber according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described preheating nozzle box (3) overlaps with the vertical axis of described metal furnace shell (1), and described preheating nozzle box (3) is coiled to form by 1～5 metal tube.
4. combustion chamber according to claim 1, is characterized in that, has the gap of filling with elastomeric light fire resistant materials between described preheating nozzle box (3) and described coil tube type water wall internals (2).
5. combustion chamber according to claim 1, is characterized in that, has the gap of filling with elastomeric light fire resistant materials between described gas slag outlet (5) and described coil tube type water wall internals (2).
6. combustion chamber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described technique nozzle box (4) comprises the furnace shell lateral aperture (6) of described metal furnace shell (1) and the water wall lateral aperture (7) of described coil tube type water wall internals (2), between described furnace shell lateral aperture (6) and described water wall lateral aperture (7), connect mutually by corrugated tube (9), the horizontal center line axis of described furnace shell lateral aperture (6), water wall lateral aperture (7) is parallel to each other.
7. a water wall multiple-nozzle contraposition type coal water slurry gasification stove, is characterized in that, the described gasification stove arbitrary described combustion chamber of requirement 1 to 6 of having the right.
8. the application of water wall multiple-nozzle contraposition type coal water slurry gasification stove claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, gasification by described vapourizing furnace for coal water slurry feeding gas fluidized bed, comprise the steps: that coal water slurry gasification raw material and oxygen are sprayed into described combustion chamber by the technique nozzle by being installed on technique nozzle box (4), carry out gasification reaction, the high-temperature gas and the high-temperature slag that generate flow downward, and discharge described combustion chamber through described gas slag outlet (5).
9. application according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, at the initial stage of described gasification reaction, spray into gaseous state or liquid fuel and oxygenant by the pre-hot nozzle of installing in described preheating nozzle box (3), carry out combustion reactions, make described coil tube type water wall internals (2) carry out preheating; In the time that described coil tube type water wall internals (2) are preheating to assigned temperature, more described coal water slurry gasification raw material and described oxygen are sprayed into described combustion chamber the flame ignition by described pre-hot nozzle by being installed on the technique nozzle of technique nozzle box (4); After the flame stabilization of described technique nozzle, extinguish the flame of described pre-hot nozzle.
10. application according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, set up in whole or in part and the stationary flame of described coal water slurry gasification raw material and oxygen at described technique nozzle, and extinguish after the flame of described pre-hot nozzle, continue to pass into the single or mixed gas in nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, water vapor, or continue to pass into new coal water slurry gasification raw material and oxygen as gasification feed, or pass into the gas mixture that gasification reaction produces;
Wherein, in the time that the part of described technique nozzle sprays into described coal water slurry gasification raw material and oxygen and carries out gasification reaction, other parts of described technique nozzle spray into the single or mixed gas in a small amount of nitrogen, carbonic acid gas, water vapor.
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| CN201410075026.2A CN103820160A (en) | 2014-03-03 | 2014-03-03 | Combustion chamber, coal water slurry gasification furnace with water wall and multiple opposite nozzles, and application of coal water slurry gasification furnace |
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| CN201410075026.2A CN103820160A (en) | 2014-03-03 | 2014-03-03 | Combustion chamber, coal water slurry gasification furnace with water wall and multiple opposite nozzles, and application of coal water slurry gasification furnace |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104962321A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-10-07 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Water-cooled wall of gasification furnace |
| CN110240945A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-09-17 | 北京清创晋华科技有限公司 | A kind of waste heat recycling gasification furnace |
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| CN104962321A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-10-07 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Water-cooled wall of gasification furnace |
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| CN110240945A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-09-17 | 北京清创晋华科技有限公司 | A kind of waste heat recycling gasification furnace |
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Application publication date: 20140528 |