CN104531221A - Gasification furnace structure capable of treating pulverized coal and water coal slurry simultaneously - Google Patents
Gasification furnace structure capable of treating pulverized coal and water coal slurry simultaneously Download PDFInfo
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- CN104531221A CN104531221A CN201410781757.9A CN201410781757A CN104531221A CN 104531221 A CN104531221 A CN 104531221A CN 201410781757 A CN201410781757 A CN 201410781757A CN 104531221 A CN104531221 A CN 104531221A
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- fine coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
- C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
- C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
Abstract
The invention relates to a gasification furnace structure capable of treating pulverized coal and water coal slurry simultaneously. The gasification furnace structure comprises a furnace body, wherein a water cooling wall is arranged in the furnace body and a quenching chamber is arranged under a gasification chamber; the gasification furnace structure is characterized in that a water coal slurry nozzle is arranged at the top part of the furnace body, at least three pulverized coal nozzles are arranged at the upper part of the side wall of the gasification furnace body and are uniformly distributed on the same horizontal circumference along the furnace body, two sets of start-up burners are also symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the furnace body, a slag hole is formed at the bottom of the furnace body, and a slag breaking machine is arranged on the slag hole. The gasification furnace structure has strong coal type adaptive capacity and can treat pulverized coal and water coal slurry simultaneously, inferior coal with high ash melting point, high ash content, high sulphur content and high alkali metal content can be mixed for combustion, and the single furnace has high handling capacity and low energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical industry equipment, specifically refer to a kind of gasification furnace structure that simultaneously can process gasification powdered coal and coal water slurry.
Background technology
Coal gasification at high temperature reacts with the combustiblematerials in vaporized chemical and coal, generates inflammable gas, for the preparation of clean coal gas.Gasification is the important process technology of Filter Tuber For Clean Coal.
Coal gasifying process mainly contains coal gasification and coal water slurry gasification.Wherein the raw material of coal gasification is dry pulverized coal, by high pressure nitrogen, dry pulverized coal is sent into vapourizing furnace and gasifies.And the raw material of coal water slurry gasification is the mixture of the coal dust of certain particle size, water and additive mixture by a certain percentage, this mixture has mobility and stability, and pumping, atomization and stable ignition can be adopted to burn; Also can long distance delivery and long-time preservation.
Coal water slurry gasification and fine coal gasification process belong to air flow bed coal pressure gasification technique together, are the mainstream gas metallization processes of current China New Coal Chemical.The advantages such as wherein coal-water slurry gasification has good stability, operational efficiency is high, comprehensive energy consumption is medium, furnace binding is simple, coal slurry handling equipment is simple; But require high to as-fired coal matter, single stove coal feeding amount is little, and efficiency of carbon conversion is low, and in the synthetic gas after process, active principle is not high, and the Water-coal-slurry nozzle life-span is short, refractory brick life is short.Coal gasification coal is adaptable, and efficiency of carbon conversion is high, and in synthetic gas, active principle content is high, and production capacity is large, environmental friendliness; But equipment is complicated, investment large, comprehensive energy consumption is high.
These two kinds of techniques respectively have outstanding advantages, also have distinct disadvantage, and how the advantage of integrated coal water slurry gasification and coal gasification two kinds of coal gasifying process and the shortcoming abandoning two kinds of coal gasifying process become a technical barrier of new type coal gasification technique research and development.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the gasification furnace structure providing that a kind of single stove treatment capacity is large, energy consumption is low for the present situation of prior art and can process gasification powdered coal and coal water slurry simultaneously.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: this can process the gasification furnace structure of fine coal and coal water slurry simultaneously, comprise the body of heater be made up of pressure housing, described body of heater internal upper part is provided with water wall, formation vaporizer gone along with sb. to guard him by water wall, the looping space, gap between water wall and body of heater;
Be provided with shock chamber below vaporizer, be connected by top downtake between shock chamber and vaporizer;
It is characterized in that the top of described body of heater is provided with Water-coal-slurry nozzle, vaporizer described in the outlet of Water-coal-slurry nozzle;
Described vapourizing furnace sidewall of the furnace body top is provided with at least three fine coal burners, and each described fine coal burner is circumferentially uniform along body of heater same level; Described water wall is provided with the multiple open holess corresponding to each described fine coal burner, each described open holes is connected with taper muffle cover, and the head of each described fine coal burner is through the bottom being arranged on taper muffle cover after sidewall of the furnace body and water wall;
Corresponding to each fine coal burner, described body of heater is provided with the first flange seat, and the first flange seat is arranged along the normal direction of body of heater position, place; The second flange seat is provided with in described first flange seat; Angle between the axis of the second flange seat and the axis of corresponding first flange seat is 0.5 ~ 5 °; Described fine coal burner is coaxially arranged in each self-corresponding second flange seat;
Described sidewall of the furnace body is also arranged with two cover startup burners, described startup burner is positioned at the top of described fine coal burner;
Often overlap startup burner to comprise respectively: be arranged on the adapter on described sidewall of the furnace body, the first end of adapter is through in the gap of sidewall of the furnace body sidewall of the furnace body and water wall; The first end of adapter connects cooling water jecket by expansion joint, and described cooling water jecket is located on described water wall;
Second end of described adapter connects the second cutting ball valve, sealed letter and the first cutting ball valve successively by startup burner flange seat, and described first cutting ball valve connects startup burner seat by sealed letter;
Described sidewall of the furnace body is also provided with hanging beam base, and hanging beam is arranged on hanging beam base, and track girder is connected on described hanging beam, and startup burner is connected to by ring-shaped clamping sleeve can along on the drive unit of track girder movement;
Described startup burner, adapter and cooling water jecket are coaxially arranged, and the internal diameter of described startup burner seat and described adapter is greater than the external diameter of described startup burner;
The axis of described startup burner becomes 13 ~ 18 ° of angles with described fine coal burner medullary ray place plane;
The bottom of described body of heater is provided with slag notch, and described slag notch is provided with dregs breaker.
Described fine coal burner comprises the fine coal passage being arranged on fine coal burner center, is set in the mixture channel that oxygen outside described fine coal passage and water vapour pass through, and has circular clearance between described fine coal passage and described mixture channel; Mixed thing passage is provided with the water coolant water entry and water coolant backwater channel that are connected outward successively.
The entrance of described fine coal passage is provided with the inlet flange for connecting fine coal pipeline, the entrance of described mixture channel is provided with the mixture inlet flange be connected with mixture transport pipe, the entrance of described water coolant water entry is provided with entrance of cooling water flange, and the outlet of described water coolant backwater channel is provided with cooling water outlet flange.
Described startup burner comprises central ignition channel, electronic ignition lever is provided with in described central ignition channel, electronic ignition lever connects high-tension ignition bag by high-tension cable, and the head of the inherent electronic ignition lever of described central ignition channel is also provided with the head flame detector for flame detection;
The outer coaxial sleeve successively of described central ignition channel is equipped with fuel channel, oxygen channel, burner water coolant to aquaporin and burner water coolant backwater channel; Burner water coolant is connected with burner water coolant backwater channel to aquaporin.
The entrance of described central ignition channel is provided with the protection nitrogen inlet flange be connected with source nitrogen; the entrance of described fuel channel is provided with fuel inlet flange; the entrance of described oxygen channel is provided with oxygen intake flange; described burner water coolant is provided with burner cooling water inlet flange to the entrance of aquaporin, and the outlet of described burner water coolant backwater channel is provided with burner cooling water outlet flange.
Compared with prior art, vapourizing furnace provided by the present invention has stronger coal adaptive faculty, fine coal and coal water slurry can be processed simultaneously, can mix and burn high ash melting point (>1500 DEG C), high ash content (25% ~ 40%), high sulfur content (2.4% ~ 5.5%), high basic metal content (Na in ash
2o+K
2o is aggregated in 3.0% ~ 10%) " four high low grade coals ", and single stove treatment capacity is large and energy consumption is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention assembly structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view along A-A line in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of fine coal burner in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the assembly structure schematic diagram of startup burner in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of startup burner in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the sectional view along B-B line in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of Water-coal-slurry nozzle in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the side-looking structural representation of saturated feedwater house steward/distribution piping in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the scheme of installation that in the embodiment of the present invention, steam water interface house steward/distribution piping overlooks direction;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of steam water interface house steward and take-off pipe in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the scheme of installation that in the embodiment of the present invention, saturated feedwater house steward and distribution piping overlook direction.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1 to 11, this gasification furnace structure that simultaneously can process fine coal and coal water slurry comprises:
The body of heater 20 be made up of pressure housing, body of heater 20 internal upper part is provided with water wall 28, and water wall 28 is gone along with sb. to guard him and formed vaporizer 29, the looping space, gap 18 between water wall 28 and body of heater 20; Saturated boiler supply mains/distribution piping 34 and steam water interface house steward/distribution piping 33 are installed in annular space 18 inside.
The structure of saturated boiler supply mains/distribution piping 34 and steam water interface house steward/distribution piping 33 can select as required of the prior art any one.In the present embodiment, saturated boiler water inlet extension tube attached 110, saturated boiler water inlet inner connecting tube 111, saturated boiler supply mains 34, some pipe support 112, some distribution bases 113, some distribution pipings 114.
The a certain arm of the saturated boiler supply mains of boiler forced circulation pump outlet connects saturated boiler water inlet extension tube attached 110 with welding process.It is inner that saturated boiler supply mains 34 is fixed on annular space 18 by pipe support 112.Pipe support 112 is arranged on the internal surface of vapourizing furnace body of heater 20 with welding process.The one end distributing base 113 is arranged on saturated boiler supply mains 34 with welding process, and the other end connects distribution piping 114 with welding process.A certain distribution piping 114 is arranged on a certain feeder connection of water wall 28 with welding process.
The one end distributing base 113 is arranged on saturated boiler supply mains 34 with welding process, distributes the central axis of base 113 in saturated boiler supply mains 34 outside surface.Distribution piping 114 is vertically mounted on welding process and distributes on base 113.
Steam water interface house steward/distribution piping 33 is installed integration member and is comprised:
Steam water interface outlet extension tube attached 120, steam water interface outlet inner connecting tube 121, steam water interface crooked pipeline (not installing steam water interface distribution piping) 122, pipe support 123, steam water interface straight pipeline (installing steam water interface distribution piping) 124, steam water interface distributes base 125 and steam water interface distribution piping 126.Above-mentioned parts all have multiple.
The arm connecting the steam water interface house steward of drum steam water interface entrance connects steam water interface outlet extension tube attached 120 with welding process.It is inner that steam water interface crooked pipeline 122 and steam water interface straight pipeline 124 are fixed on annular space 18 by pipe support 123.Pipe support 123 is arranged on the internal surface of vapourizing furnace body of heater 20 with welding process.One end that steam water interface distributes base 125 is arranged on steam water interface straight pipeline 124 with welding process, the other end connects steam water interface distribution piping 126 with welding process, distribute the central axis of base 125 on steam water interface straight pipeline 124 outside surface, distribution piping 126 is vertically mounted on welding process and distributes on base 125, and this steam water interface distribution piping 126 is arranged on the respective channel outlet of water wall 28 with welding process.
Be provided with shock chamber 30 below vaporizer 29, be connected by top downtake 26 between shock chamber 30 and vaporizer 29.
Body of heater 20 top is installed by welding with the Water-coal-slurry nozzle large flange 190 for installing Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 along vapourizing furnace centerline direction.The outlet vaporizer 29 of Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8.
Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 can select as required of the prior art any one.Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 in the present embodiment comprises from inside to outside successively: central oxygen passage 181, coal water slurry passage 183 and outer epoxy passage 185, burner front portion is provided with burner cooling water coil 187.
The entrance of central oxygen passage 181 is provided with central oxygen inlet flange 180, the entrance of coal water slurry passage 183 is provided with coal water slurry inlet flange 182, the upper outside epoxy inlet flange 184 of entrance of outer epoxy passage 185, the entrance of burner cooling water coil 187 is provided with burner cooling water inlet flange 186, the outlet of burner cooling water coil 187 is provided with burner cooling water outlet flange 188, the outer wall of Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 is also provided with the companionflange 189 corresponding with Water-coal-slurry nozzle large flange 190 on body of heater.
Water wall top is reserved with the perforate for installing Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8.When Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 is installed, the companionflange 189 of Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 is connected with Water-coal-slurry nozzle large flange 190, then by flange connect corresponding to Water-coal-slurry nozzle for the joint flange (not shown) on water-coal-slurry pipeline, central oxygen pipeline, outer epoxy pipeline, burner cooling water inlet pipe road and burner CWR road, Water-coal-slurry nozzle can be installed, after installation, the head of Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 arrives water wall top and reserves perforate.
In the present embodiment, be circumferentially provided with grade level 30 ° of positions, 120 ° of positions, 210 ° of positions and the 300 ° of positions that four fine coal burners, 6, four fine coal burners are separately positioned on body of heater at body of heater.The quantity of fine coal burner also can be set to three, five or six according to the industrial scale of vapourizing furnace.When fine coal burner quantity is more than six, on-the-spot pipeline complicated layout, engineering difficulty and operation easier large; When fine coal burner is less than three, be difficult to realize the even dross of water wall by eddy flow.
Accordingly, be evenly provided with four open holess in the same absolute altitude corresponding position of water wall, be provided with four taper muffle covers 53 in each open holes hole and substitute water wall near perforate, the head of fine coal burner 6 is arranged on the bottom of taper muffle cover.
Corresponding to each fine coal burner, body of heater is provided with the first flange seat 52, i.e. the mount pad of fine coal burner, and the first flange seat 52 is arranged along the normal direction of body of heater position, place; The second flange seat 51 is provided with in first flange seat 52; The axis of the second flange seat 51 is obliquely installed relative to the axis of the first flange seat 52; Angle in the present embodiment between the axis of the second flange seat 51 and the axis of corresponding first flange seat 52 is 4.5 °.The medullary ray of each fine coal burner 6 and the dead in line of each self-corresponding first flange seat 51 and muffle cover 53.
Each fine coal burner 6 is provided with joint flange 67, and joint flange 67 installs by fine coal burner 6 after being connected with each self-corresponding second flange seat 51.
In the present embodiment, each fine coal burner 6 comprises the fine coal passage 64 being arranged on fine coal burner center, is set in the mixture channel 65 that oxygen outside fine coal passage 64 and water vapour pass through, has circular clearance 69 between fine coal passage 64 and mixture channel 65; Mixture channel 65 is outer is provided with the water coolant water entry 66 and water coolant backwater channel 68 that are connected successively.
The entrance of fine coal passage 64 is provided with the inlet flange 60 for connecting fine coal pipeline, the entrance of mixture channel 65 is provided with the mixture inlet flange 61 be connected with mixture transport pipe, the entrance of water coolant water entry 66 is provided with entrance of cooling water flange 62, and the outlet of water coolant backwater channel 68 is provided with cooling water outlet flange 63.The setting party of these flanges the connection of fine coal burner and each logistics pipeline and dismounting.
Startup burner, is arranged on described sidewall of the furnace body, is provided with two covers, arranges symmetrically, and startup burner is positioned at the top of described fine coal burner; Startup burner 17 medullary ray is in 345 ° of angles in the projection of fine coal burner 6 center line plane.Startup burner 17 medullary ray intersects at a little 104 in the projection of fine coal burner 6 center line plane and 4# fine coal burner seat large flange 152 medullary ray.Distance D between reference mark 104 and the fine coal burner 6 center line plane center of circle 105 between 300 ~ 400mm, preferred D=335mm.
Often overlap startup burner to comprise respectively: be arranged on the startup burner 17 on vapourizing furnace sidewall, startup burner 17 in the present embodiment comprises central ignition channel 74, electronic ignition lever 70 is provided with in central ignition channel 74, electronic ignition lever 70 connects high-tension ignition bag 72 by high-tension cable 73, and the head of the inherent electronic ignition lever 70 of central ignition channel 74 is also provided with the head flame detector 83 for flame detection.
The outer coaxial sleeve successively of central ignition channel 74 is equipped with fuel channel 75, oxygen channel 77, burner water coolant to aquaporin 79 and burner water coolant backwater channel 81; Burner water coolant is connected with burner water coolant backwater channel 81 to aquaporin 79.And; the entrance of central ignition channel 74 is provided with the protection nitrogen inlet flange 71 be connected with source nitrogen; the entrance of fuel channel 75 is provided with fuel inlet flange 76; the entrance of oxygen channel 77 is provided with oxygen intake flange 78; burner water coolant is provided with burner cooling water inlet flange 80 to the entrance of aquaporin 79, and the outlet of burner water coolant backwater channel 81 is provided with burner cooling water outlet flange.
Startup burner 17 connects vaporizer by startup burner assembly.Startup burner assembly comprises:
Be arranged on the adapter 94 on vapourizing furnace sidewall 20, the first end of adapter 94 is through in the space of vapourizing furnace sidewall 20 vapourizing furnace sidewall and vapourizing furnace water wall 28; The first end of adapter connects cooling water jecket 96 by expansion joint 95, and cooling water jecket 96 is located on water wall 28; Second end of adapter 94 connects the second cutting ball valve 92, sealed letter 91 and the first cutting ball valve 90, first cutting ball valve successively by startup burner flange seat 93 and connects startup burner seat 88 by sealed letter.
Startup burner 17, adapter 94 and cooling water jecket 96 are coaxially arranged, and the internal diameter of startup burner seat 88 and adapter 94 is greater than the external diameter of startup burner 17; Adapter is passed in and out to facilitate startup burner.
The axis of startup burner 17 becomes 13 ~ 18 ° of angles with fine coal burner medullary ray place plane, and the present embodiment is 15 °.
Startup burner 17 is connected on drive unit 89 by ring-shaped clamping sleeve, and the drive unit in the present embodiment is by motor-driven dolly, motor link control program.Drive unit 89 is arranged on track girder 86, and can walk along track girder; Track girder 86 is arranged on hanging beam 84, and hanging beam 84 is fixed on hanging beam base 85, and hanging beam base 85 is arranged on vapourizing furnace sidewall 20.
In the present embodiment, vaporizer slag notch 27 is a part for water wall 28 with the top downtake 26 being connected vaporizer 29 and shock chamber 30; Uniform application one deck carborundum refractory 31 inside water wall 28.
Chilling ring 25 flange is fixed on top downtake 26 lower end.The bottom welding process of chilling ring 25 is connected with bottom downtake 23.Between the outer rim of body of heater 20 and chilling ring 25, welding process installs sealing plate 19.The sweeping gas pipeline 191 for purging annular space 18 is provided with above sealing plate 19.Space between chilling ring 25 and bottom downtake 23 is shock chamber 30.The diameter of bottom downtake 23 is greater than the diameter of top downtake 26.
The bottom of body of heater is provided with slag notch, and lower portion of furnace body flange method is provided with dregs breaker 22.
Body of heater 20 top is provided with flame detector 32.The installation integration member of flame detector 32 comprises:
Cooling water jecket 99, expansion joint 100, adapter 101, flame detector flange seat 102, cutting ball valve 103, flame detector 32.Described flame detector 32 has two covers, and the medullary ray of two cover flame detectors and the centerline of fine coal burner 6 are in same elevation location.Wherein first set flame detector 32 is arranged on 165 ° of Angle Position of fine coal burner 6 center line plane, and its medullary ray overlaps in the projection of fine coal burner 6 center line plane with the medullary ray of startup burner 17.
Second cover flame detector 32 is arranged on 75 ° of Angle Position of fine coal burner 6 center line plane, and its medullary ray is vertical in the projection of fine coal burner 6 center line plane with startup burner 17 medullary ray, and intersection point point is 104.
The principle of work of this vapourizing furnace is described below:
Fine coal burner 6, integrated startup burner 17, Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 install, and wherein integrated startup burner 17 is in unoperated position.
The cooling water flow path of fine coal burner 6, integrated startup burner 17 and Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 comes into operation.
The fine coal passage of fine coal burner 6 and oxygen channel pass into sweep gas respectively.
The coal water slurry passage of Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 and oxygen channel pass into sweep gas respectively.
The fuel system of integration startup burner 17 is in boosting stand-by state.
Two ultraviolet flame detectors 32 of water wall integration startup burner 17 are in stand-by state, open the root valve of ultraviolet flame detector 32, clean out ultraviolet flame detector 32 on water wall, observe the clinker of channel interior.
Starch mixing gasifying furnace 7, carbon are washed tower 10 and are in preparation driving state.Water-steam system increasing temperature and pressure is complete, water-steam system pump circulation pump operation, and the circulation of water wall inner each channel water is normal.
Oxygen system 9, grey water treatment system 11, follow-up flare system, deslagging lock hopper 12, dragveyer 13, Quench water pump 15, Venturi scrubber 14, chilled water water cooler 16 are in running status.
Annular space sweep gas pipeline 191 above sealing plate 19 comes into operation, and guarantees that annular space pressure is a little more than vapourizing furnace burner hearth 29.
Start the ignition procedure of integrated startup burner 17, open the cutting ball valve 90 and 92 of integrated startup burner 17, start propulsive mechanism and startup burner 17 is pushed in startup burner in-channel water chuck 96.Sequence control program sends starting signal subsequently, opens fuel channel 75 and oxygen channel 77 that high pressure nitrogen valve purges integrated startup burner 17.Purge complete.Fuel is introduced respectively integrated startup burner 17, filling channel, control oxygen oil ratio between 2.0 ~ 3.5, when oxygen and fuel set up back pressure from head ejection while, the high-tension ignition bag 72 of integration startup burner 17 is started working, by special high-tension cable 73, high-tension current is sent into high-pressure electronic spark lever 70, the ionization of high-pressure electronic spark lever 70 Head gas is formed high temperature gas flow and pulse spark, spark lever head flame detector 83 detects pulse spark, produces electronic ignition lever normal operation signal and feeds back to ignition order sequence of control.What startup burner 17 head sprayed by pulse spark lights oxygen and fuel mixture, after 2 ultraviolet flame detectors 32 being arranged on specific position detect the ultraviolet in oxygen and fuel mixture combusts flame, produce 2 fire defector normal signal and feed back to ignition order sequence of control, confirm that integrated startup burner 17 is lighted a fire successfully, subsequently, vapourizing furnace 7 and carbon are washed tower 10 and are started increasing temperature and pressure.When electronic striking pulse spark disappears, open the ignition channel 74 that spark lever protection nitrogen 71 inlet duct valve purges integrated startup burner 17 at once.
When vapourizing furnace 7 boosts to rated pressure, progressively light fine coal burner 6.The oxygen/water coal slurry passage of Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 is in nitrogen purging state.When having at least two fine coal burners 6 to be in stable burning state, the stopping procedure sequence of control of startup burner extinguishes integrated startup burner 17, the trip valve of fuel channel 75 and oxygen channel 77 is closed in distribution, opens the purging nitrogen valve of fuel channel 75 and oxygen channel 77 respectively.After purging completes; close the purging nitrogen valve closes of fuel channel 75 and oxygen channel 77 respectively; close the ignition channel 74 that spark lever protection nitrogen 71 inlet duct valve stops nitrogen purging integration startup burner 17, motor drives dolly that integrated startup burner 17 is return unoperated position from ignition location.Close the cutting ball valve 90 and 92 of integrated startup burner 17, regulate circulating cooling water flow to Schwellenwert (0.3kg/s), stop petrolift, close the root valve of ultraviolet flame detector 32.
Whole fine coal burner 6 is working properly, and after fine coal burner 6 load reaches 90 ~ 100%, lights top Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8, progressively regulate effective gas load, and vapourizing furnace 7 internal pressure raises.
High pressure oxygen from air separation facility sends into the Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 at starch mixed airflow bed pressurizing gasifying furnace top and the fine coal burner 6 on top respectively.The oxygen backpressure requirements of fine coal burner 6 is higher than vapourizing furnace pressure 0.08 ~ 0.15Mpag, and good pressure reduction is 0.10 ~ 0.12Mpag; The fine coal suspended substance backpressure requirements of fine coal burner 6 is higher than vapourizing furnace pressure.The oxygen back pressure of Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 and coal water slurry backpressure requirements are higher than vapourizing furnace pressure.High pressure oxygen becomes by the eccentric some fine coal burners 6 installed the flow field counterclockwise rotated with fine coal suspended substance at freeze profile, in burner hearth inward eddy reinforcing mass transfer, gasification powdered coal, incomplete oxidation reaction occurs.Meanwhile, the Water-coal-slurry nozzle 8 that high pressure oxygen and high pressure water coal slurry are installed by plan vertical is burnt downwards in burner hearth, and gasified coal water slurry, produces high temperature rough gas, melts ash content in fine coal and coal water slurry and forms small slag particles.
By the centrifugal action that high-speed rotational raw gas produces, in raw gas, small slag particles is thrown to the internal surface of water wall 28, forms slag blanket.Slag blanket is divided into two portions, and be close to water wall part for fixing slag blanket, its thickness is relatively fixing; Counter-fire face slag blanket is liquid slag blanket, and variation in thickness is comparatively large, is affected by gravity to dirty.
High temperature rough gas and molten state lime-ash flow downward by cinder notch 27 and top downtake 26 jointly, through the chilling ring 25 of uniform chilled water, enter in the water-bath of shock chamber 30 along bottom downtake 23.After major part slag cooling curing, fall into bottom shock chamber 30, discharge after dregs breaker 22 fragmentation.High temperature rough gas rises along the annular space of bottom downtake 23 and upcast 21, and after shock chamber 30 upper guard-plate baffling, enters Venturi scrubber 14 through raw gas outlet line 24.After the abundant humidification by mixing of gas of chilled water that synthetic gas and Quench water pump 15 are sent here in Venturi scrubber 14, enter carbon and wash tower 10.The Quench gas that carbon washes top of tower discharge enters shift conversion step or flare system, and the buck that carbon washes tower bottom discharge uses through grey water treatment system 11 Posterior circle.
Claims (5)
1. one kind can process the gasification furnace structure of fine coal and coal water slurry simultaneously, comprise the body of heater (20) be made up of pressure housing, described body of heater (20) internal upper part is provided with water wall (28), water wall (28) is gone along with sb. to guard him and is formed vaporizer (29), the looping space, gap (18) between water wall (28) and body of heater (20);
Vaporizer (29) below is provided with shock chamber (30), is connected between shock chamber (30) and vaporizer (29) by top downtake (26);
It is characterized in that the top of described body of heater is provided with Water-coal-slurry nozzle (8), vaporizer (29) described in the outlet of Water-coal-slurry nozzle (8);
Described vapourizing furnace body of heater (20) side wall upper part is provided with at least three fine coal burners (6), and each described fine coal burner (6) is circumferentially uniform along body of heater same level; Described water wall (28) is provided with the multiple open holess corresponding to each described fine coal burner (6), each described open holes is connected with taper muffle cover (53), the head of each described fine coal burner (6) is through the bottom being arranged on taper muffle cover (53) after body of heater (20) sidewall and water wall (28);
Corresponding to each fine coal burner (6), described body of heater is provided with the first flange seat (52), and the first flange seat (52) is arranged along the normal direction of body of heater position, place; The second flange seat (51) is provided with in described first flange seat (52); Angle between the axis of the second flange seat (51) and the axis of corresponding first flange seat (52) is 0.5 ~ 5 °; Described fine coal burner (6) is coaxially arranged in each self-corresponding second flange seat (51);
Described sidewall of the furnace body is also arranged with two cover startup burners, described startup burner is positioned at the top of described fine coal burner;
Often overlap startup burner to comprise respectively: be arranged on the adapter (94) on described sidewall of the furnace body, the first end of adapter (94) is arranged in gap sidewall of the furnace body and water wall (28) through body of heater (20) sidewall; The first end of adapter connects cooling water jecket (96) by expansion joint (95), and described cooling water jecket (96) is located on described water wall (28);
Second end of described adapter (94) connects the second cutting ball valve (92), sealed letter (91) and the first cutting ball valve (90) successively by startup burner flange seat (93), and described first cutting ball valve connects startup burner seat (88) by sealed letter;
Described sidewall of the furnace body is also provided with hanging beam base (85), hanging beam (84) is arranged on hanging beam base (85), track girder (86) is connected on described hanging beam (85), and startup burner (17) is connected to by ring-shaped clamping sleeve can along on the drive unit (89) of track girder (85) movement;
Described startup burner (17), adapter (94) and cooling water jecket (96) are coaxially arranged, and the internal diameter of described startup burner seat (88) and described adapter (94) is greater than the external diameter of described startup burner (17);
The axis of described startup burner (17) becomes 13 ~ 18 ° of angles with described fine coal burner medullary ray place plane;
The bottom of described body of heater is provided with slag notch, and described slag notch is provided with dregs breaker (22).
2. gasification furnace structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described fine coal burner (6) comprises the fine coal passage (64) being arranged on fine coal burner center, be set in oxygen and the mixture channel (65) that passes through of water vapour in described fine coal passage (64) outside, and between described fine coal passage (64) and described mixture channel (65), there is circular clearance (69); Mixed thing passage (65) is provided with the water coolant water entry (66) and water coolant backwater channel (68) that are connected outward successively.
3. gasification furnace structure according to claim 2, it is characterized in that the entrance of described fine coal passage (64) is provided with the inlet flange (60) for connecting fine coal pipeline, the entrance of described mixture channel (65) is provided with the mixture inlet flange (61) be connected with mixture transport pipe, the entrance of described water coolant water entry (66) is provided with entrance of cooling water flange (62), and the outlet of described water coolant backwater channel (68) is provided with cooling water outlet flange (63).
4. the gasification furnace structure according to claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that described startup burner (17) comprises central ignition channel (74), electronic ignition lever (70) is provided with in described central ignition channel (74), electronic ignition lever (70) connects high-tension ignition bag (72) by high-tension cable (73), and the head of described central ignition channel (74) inherent electronic ignition lever (70) is also provided with the head flame detector (82) for flame detection;
Described central ignition channel (74) outward successively coaxial sleeve be equipped with fuel channel (75), oxygen channel (77), burner water coolant to aquaporin (79) and burner water coolant backwater channel (81); Burner water coolant is connected with burner water coolant backwater channel (81) to aquaporin (79).
5. gasification furnace structure according to claim 4, it is characterized in that the entrance of described central ignition channel (74) is provided with the protection nitrogen inlet flange (71) be connected with source nitrogen, the entrance of described fuel channel (75) is provided with fuel inlet flange (76), the entrance of described oxygen channel (77) is provided with oxygen intake flange (78), described burner water coolant is provided with burner cooling water inlet flange (80) to the entrance of aquaporin (79), the outlet of described burner water coolant backwater channel (81) is provided with burner cooling water outlet flange.
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