CN103811734A - 一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103811734A
CN103811734A CN201310755227.2A CN201310755227A CN103811734A CN 103811734 A CN103811734 A CN 103811734A CN 201310755227 A CN201310755227 A CN 201310755227A CN 103811734 A CN103811734 A CN 103811734A
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zinc alloy
alloy powder
zinc
alkaline battery
strontium
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吴雅萍
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/46Alloys based on magnesium or aluminium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C18/00Alloys based on zinc
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C18/00Alloys based on zinc
    • C22C18/04Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/381Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/04Cells with aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M6/06Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末及制备方法,其组成按重量百分比为,0.0003-0.0005%的铟、0.1-0.2%的镁、0.03-0.15%钙、0.01-0.015%的铁、0.0002-0.0005%的锶、0.05-0.35%的铝、0.08-0.1%的铋,余量为锌及不可避免的杂质。通过本发明的锌合金粉末在被用作负极的活性材料时,电池放电前产生的氢气体积很小,而且电池放电后产生的氢气体积也很小。

Description

一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末及制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于金属合金领域,特别是指一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末及制备方法。
背景技术
现用于电池负极的活性材料以锌粉为主,然而,如果单独用锌作为电池负极的活性材料时,存在一个问题,就是在电池使用中产生大量的氢气,因而发生电解质泄漏。
为了解决上述问题,长期以来,作为电池负极的活性材料的锌一直用汞进行汞齐化,然而,废电池被丢弃时,其中汞会产生环境污染问题。
现有技术提出使用无汞锌粉,使用将锌与其他元素,如铋、铝、铟、镓、铊、镁、钙、锶、镉、锡、或铅等进行合金化所获得的锌合金粉末,这些元素具有次于汞的次高的氢超电压并且具有抑制效应。
现技术通过加入添加剂减少电池放电前产生的氢气体积,但是问题在于无法同时减少电池放电前和放电后产生的氢气体积。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种锌合金粉末的技术方案,该锌合金粉末可以减少电池放电前后产生的氢气体积以防止电池中电解质发生泄漏。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末,其组成按重量百分比为,0.0003-0.0005%的铟、0.1-0.2%的镁、0.03-0.15%钙、0.01-0.015%的铁、0.0002-0.0005%的锶、0.05-0.35%的铝、0.08-0.1%的铋,余量为锌及不可避免的杂质。
所述的锌合金粉末中,铋与铟和锶的总量比为100-120∶1。
所述锌合金粉末的制备方法是:
配料,将组成按重量百分比为,0.0003-0.0005%的铟、0.1-0.2%的镁、0.03-0.15%钙、0.01-0.015%的铁、0.0002-0.0005%的锶、0.05-0.35%的铝、0.08-0.1%的铋,余量为锌及不可避免的杂质混合,并通入氮气熔融得到熔融锌合金,将锌合金喷射入空气,通过气体粉化法进行粉化;
然后,上述所得的锌合金粉末在温度350℃,氮气气氛下在热处理炉热处理25分钟,然后在氮气气氛中匀速冷却至室温,冷却速度为5-15℃/秒。
本发明的有益效果是:
通过本发明的锌合金粉末在被用作负极的活性材料时,电池放电前产生的氢气体积很小,而且电池放电后产生的氢气体积也很小。
具体实施方式
一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末,其组成按重量百分比为,0.0003-0.0005%的铟、0.1-0.2%的镁、0.03-0.15%钙、0.01-0.015%的铁、0.0002-0.0005%的锶、0.05-0.35%的铝、0.08-0.1%的铋,余量为锌及不可避免的杂质。
所述的锌合金粉末中,铋与铟和锶的总量比为100-120∶1。
所述锌合金粉末的制备方法是:
配料,将组成按重量百分比为,0.0003-0.0005%的铟、0.1-0.2%的镁、0.03-0.15%钙、0.01-0.015%的铁、0.0002-0.0005%的锶、0.05-0.35%的铝、0.08-0.1%的铋,余量为锌及不可避免的杂质混合,并通入氮气熔融得到熔融锌合金,将锌合金喷射入空气,通过气体粉化法进行粉化;
然后,上述所得的锌合金粉末在温度350℃,氮气气氛下在热处理炉热处理25分钟,然后在氮气气氛中匀速冷却至室温,冷却速度为5-15℃/秒。
实施例1
一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末,其组成按重量百分比为,0.0005%的铟、0.2%的镁、0.15%钙、0.015%的铁、0.0005%的锶、0.35%的铝、0.1%的铋,余量为锌及不可避免的杂质。
实施例2
一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末,其组成按重量百分比为,0.00035%的铟、0.1%的镁、0.03%钙、0.01%的铁、0.00035%的锶、0.05%的铝、0.08%的铋,余量为锌及不可避免的杂质。
实施例3
一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末,其组成按重量百分比为,0.0004%的铟、0.16%的镁、0.08%钙、0.012%的铁、0.0004%的锶、0.22%的铝、0.09%的铋,余量为锌及不可避免的杂质。

Claims (3)

1.一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末,其特征在于:其组成按重量百分比为,0.0003-0.0005%的铟、0.1-0.2%的镁、0.03-0.15%钙、0.01-0.015%的铁、0.0002-0.0005%的锶、0.05-0.35%的铝、0.08-0.1%的铋,余量为锌及不可避免的杂质。
2.根据权利要求1所述的碱性电池用锌合金粉末,其特征在于:所述的锌合金粉末中,铋与铟和锶的总量比为100-120∶1。
3.一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末制备方法,其特征在于:
配料,将组成按重量百分比为,0.0003-0.0005%的铟、0.1-0.2%的镁、0.03-0.15%钙、0.01-0.015%的铁、0.0002-0.0005%的锶、0.05-0.35%的铝、0.08-0.1%的铋,余量为锌及不可避免的杂质混合,并通入氮气熔融得到熔融锌合金,将锌合金喷射入空气,通过气体粉化法进行粉化;
然后,上述所得的锌合金粉末在温度350℃,氮气气氛下在热处理炉热处理25分钟,然后在氮气气氛中匀速冷却至室温,冷却速度为5-15℃/秒。
CN201310755227.2A 2013-12-27 2013-12-27 一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末及制备方法 Pending CN103811734A (zh)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6452378A (en) * 1987-08-24 1989-02-28 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Manufacture of amalgamated zinc alloy powder
JP2002093413A (ja) * 2000-09-12 2002-03-29 Toshiba Battery Co Ltd 電 池
CN1713427A (zh) * 2004-06-23 2005-12-28 同和矿业株式会社 用于碱性电池的锌合金粉末及其制备方法
CN1757128A (zh) * 2003-12-10 2006-04-05 日立麦克赛尔株式会社 钮扣碱性电池及其制造方法
CN103811735A (zh) * 2013-12-27 2014-05-21 吴雅萍 一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末制备方法
CN103811733A (zh) * 2013-12-27 2014-05-21 吴雅萍 一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6452378A (en) * 1987-08-24 1989-02-28 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Manufacture of amalgamated zinc alloy powder
JP2002093413A (ja) * 2000-09-12 2002-03-29 Toshiba Battery Co Ltd 電 池
CN1757128A (zh) * 2003-12-10 2006-04-05 日立麦克赛尔株式会社 钮扣碱性电池及其制造方法
CN1713427A (zh) * 2004-06-23 2005-12-28 同和矿业株式会社 用于碱性电池的锌合金粉末及其制备方法
CN103811735A (zh) * 2013-12-27 2014-05-21 吴雅萍 一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末制备方法
CN103811733A (zh) * 2013-12-27 2014-05-21 吴雅萍 一种碱性电池用锌合金粉末

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Application publication date: 20140521