CN103808693B - Use the experimental technique of the experimental provision measuring dull and stereotyped refractive index of transparent medium - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of experimental provision and experimental technique measuring dull and stereotyped refractive index of transparent medium, base is provided with semiconductor laser, base semiconductor-on-insulator laser optical exit direction is provided with center line and the perpendicular post lens of semiconductor laser center line, the light entrance face treating master plate transparent medium is provided with coordinate paper, and the scale face of coordinate paper is pasted onto a side of dull and stereotyped transparent medium light incident direction.The experimental measurement method step measuring dull and stereotyped refractive index of transparent medium is: the scale face of coordinate paper is attached on the dull and stereotyped transparent medium light entrance face of known thickness, the laser beam of semiconductor laser outgoing incides post lens, the line source of outgoing is normally incident in the back side of coordinate paper on dull and stereotyped transparent medium, meet the blanking bar of line symmetry centered by wire light belt that light observes by coordinate paper from the another side of dull and stereotyped transparent medium, go out the refractive index of dull and stereotyped transparent medium by formulae discovery.Can be used for student's Experiments of Optics, Demonstrating and engineering site to measure.

Description

Use the experimental technique of the experimental provision measuring dull and stereotyped refractive index of transparent medium

Technical field

The invention belongs to refractometry device or device technique field, be specifically related to the experimental provision measuring dull and stereotyped refractive index of transparent medium.

Background technology

The refractive index of transparent medium is one of its most important optical parametric, and the research that is accurate, easy, fast measurement technique of refractive index is the hot issue of the art always, is also the substance in College Physics Experiments of Optics.Geometrical optics mensuration is the main measurement method of transparent solid refractive index, wherein the most frequently used method utilizes the method for minimum deviation angle of spectrometer, V prismatic refraction method and Abbe refractometer, although its measuring accuracy is all higher, but shaped really required by all requiring solid transpar-ent dielectric to be measured to be processed into, its processing cost is high, difficulty large, have impact on use under general condition.The patent publication No. Chinese invention patent that to be CN102749303A denomination of invention be " a kind of apparatus and method measuring refractive index of flat-plate type transparent medium ", " applied optics " 2012 the 1st phase upper " the refractive index high precision non-contact measurement based on parallel flat " one is civilian, when reporting respectively according to beam tilt transmission sheet glass, relation between the side-play amount produced and sheet glass refractive index, utilize CCD gather and measuring beam through the side-play amount produced due to refraction during sheet glass (spot diameter variable quantity), and then calculate the method for sheet glass refractive index.Although the method principle simple, intuitive, glass (as window-glass) for common minimal thickness (mm magnitude) is measured, light by time too little so that cannot measure owing to reflecting the side-play amount that produces, the Measurement accuracy difficulty of beam incident angle is very large simultaneously, often brings larger measuring error to result of calculation.

The Chinese invention patent application that patent publication No. is CN102621095A, denomination of invention is " a kind of method measuring refractivity of transparent substance ", disclose a kind of by measuring beam through the blackening produced during transparent medium or Crape ring chord length, calculate the method for refractive index of transparent medium.Although the method does not need the incident angle of measuring beam, but due to light refraction, reflect the circular blackening that formed or Crape ring border sharpness limited, the measurement of circular blackening or Crape ring chord length, it is in fact the determination of two some positions on circular blackening or Crape ring border, this difficulty in the limited actual measurement of sharpness of border degree is very large, the measurement of circular blackening or Crape ring chord length is compared with the measurement of bar shaped blanking bar width in addition, easily produces larger deviation and causes larger measuring error.

Summary of the invention

A technical matters to be solved by this invention is the shortcoming overcoming above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of reasonable in design, structure is simple, production cost is low, applied widely, measuring accuracy is higher, be particularly suitable for the experimental provision of the dull and stereotyped refractive index of transparent medium of the measurement of student experimenting.

Another technical matters to be solved by this invention is the experimental technique that the experimental provision for measuring dull and stereotyped refractive index of transparent medium provides a kind of method simple, easy and simple to handle.

Solving the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme is: on base, be provided with semiconductor laser, base semiconductor-on-insulator laser optical exit direction is provided with center line and the perpendicular post lens of semiconductor laser center line, the light entrance face treating master plate transparent medium is provided with coordinate paper, and the scale face of coordinate paper is pasted onto a side of dull and stereotyped transparent medium light incident direction.

The method that dull and stereotyped refractive index of transparent medium measured by above-mentioned experimental provision is made up of following step:

1, coordinate paper is soaked in water taking-up in 1 minute, the scale face of coordinate paper is attached on the dull and stereotyped transparent medium light entrance face of known thickness, inhales the water in coordinate paper with camera lens letterweight, eliminates the moisture film between coordinate paper and dull and stereotyped transparent medium and air film.

2, the power supply of semiconductor laser is connected, the laser beam of semiconductor laser outgoing incides post lens, the line source of outgoing is normally incident in the back side of coordinate paper on dull and stereotyped transparent medium, meet the blanking bar of line symmetry centered by wire light belt that light observes by coordinate paper from the another side of dull and stereotyped transparent medium, measure the width L of blanking bar from coordinate paper, unit is mm.

3, according to above-mentioned measurement result, the refractive index of dull and stereotyped transparent medium is calculated with following formula,

$n_x=\frac{\sqrt{L^2+16h^2}}{L}---\left(1\right)$

H is the thickness of dull and stereotyped transparent medium in formula (1), the width of unit to be mm, L be blanking bar, unit be mm.

Present invention employs line source incides on the coordinate paper that is pasted onto and treats master plate transparent medium, meet the blanking bar of line symmetry centered by wire light belt that light observes by coordinate paper from the another side of dull and stereotyped transparent medium, go out the refractive index of dull and stereotyped transparent medium with formulae discovery.This measurement mechanism, structure is simple, cost of products is low, measurement range is large, experimental technique is simple, measuring accuracy meets the demands completely, the blanking bar that total reflection is formed does not need to debug automatic formation, and not by the impact of environmental baseline, be particularly suitable for student's Experiments of Optics, Demonstrating and engineering site and measure.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1.

Fig. 2 is the blanking bar photo adopting the present invention to measure sheet glass refractive index.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, the present invention is described in more detail, but the invention is not restricted to these embodiments.

Embodiment 1

In FIG, the experimental provision of the dull and stereotyped refractive index of transparent medium of the measurement of the present embodiment is made up of base 1, semiconductor laser 2, post lens 3, coordinate paper 4 connection.

Be provided with semiconductor laser 2 in the left side of base 1, semiconductor laser 2 is for generation of laser, and the light exit direction of base 1 semiconductor-on-insulator laser instrument 2 is provided with post lens 3, the center line of post lens 3 and the center line of semiconductor laser 2 perpendicular.The post lens 3 of the present embodiment are cylindrical lens 3, post lens 3 become line source for the laser beam penetrated by semiconductor laser 2, during test, dull and stereotyped transparent medium to be measured is placed on post lens 3 right side and vertical with base 1, with the central axis of semiconductor laser 2, coordinate paper 4 is white, the scale face of coordinate paper 4 is pasted onto a side of dull and stereotyped transparent medium light incident direction, and the dull and stereotyped transparent medium of the present embodiment is sheet glass.

The laser beam of semiconductor laser 2 outgoing becomes laser line light source by post lens 3, be radiated at coordinate paper 4 back side and form wire light belt, when laser line light source is through coordinate paper 4, be subject to the scattering process of paper fiber in coordinate paper 4, become the light of line radial radiation centered by wire light belt on coordinate paper 4, the light of radial radiation enters sheet glass, the part radial radiation light that the interface of sheet glass and air meets total reflection condition is totally reflected, contact a backlight from sheet glass with air to observe, see the blanking bar of line symmetry centered by the wire light belt on coordinate paper 4, the width of blanking bar is measured from coordinate paper 4, calculate the refractive index of sheet glass.

Adopt the experimental measurement method step of above-mentioned experimental provision measurement flat quartz glass 5 refractive index as follows:

1, coordinate paper 4 is soaked in water taking-up in 1 minute, the scale face of coordinate paper 4 is attached on flat quartz glass 5 light entrance face that thickness h is 5mm, the water inhaled in coordinate paper 4 is pressed equably with lens paper, eliminate the moisture film between coordinate paper 4 and flat quartz glass 5 and air film, coordinate paper 4 and flat quartz glass 5 close contact.

2, the power supply of semiconductor laser 2 is connected, the laser beam of semiconductor laser 2 outgoing incides post lens 3, the line source of outgoing is normally incident in the back side of coordinate paper 4 on flat quartz glass 5, meet light to observe from the another side of flat quartz glass 5, see the blanking bar of line symmetry centered by the wire light belt on coordinate paper 4, the width L measuring blanking bar from coordinate paper 4 is 18.8mm.

3, according to above-mentioned measurement result, the refractive index of sheet glass is calculated with following formula,

$n_x=\frac{\sqrt{L^2+16h^2}}{L}---\left(1\right)$

H is the thickness of flat quartz glass 5 in formula (1), the width of unit to be mm, L be blanking bar, unit be mm.

The refractive index being calculated flat quartz glass 5 by (1) formula is: 1.46005.

Embodiment 2

Adopt the experimental measurement method step of embodiment 1 experimental provision measurement water white transparency flat organic glass refractive index as follows:

Experimental measurement method step is identical with embodiment 1.Meet the blanking bar of line symmetry centered by wire light belt that light observes by coordinate paper 4 from the another side that thickness h is the flat organic glass of 5mm, the width L measuring blanking bar from coordinate paper 4 is 18.1mm.The refractive index being calculated flat organic glass by (1) formula is: 1.4905.

Embodiment 3

Adopt the experimental measurement method step of lead water crystal glass refractive index in embodiment 1 experimental provision measurement flat board as follows:

Experimental measurement method step is identical with embodiment 1.Meet the blanking bar of line symmetry centered by wire light belt that light observes by coordinate paper 4 from the another side of panel crystal glass, the width L measuring blanking bar from coordinate paper 4 is 17mm.The refractive index being calculated panel crystal glass by (1) formula is: 1.544.

Claims (1)

1. one kind uses the experimental technique of the experimental provision measuring dull and stereotyped refractive index of transparent medium, it is characterized in that this experimental provision is: on base (1), be provided with semiconductor laser (2), base (1) semiconductor-on-insulator laser instrument (2) light exit direction is provided with center line and the perpendicular post lens (3) of semiconductor laser (2) center line, it is characterized in that: on the light entrance face treating master plate transparent medium, be provided with coordinate paper (4), the scale face of coordinate paper (4) is pasted onto a side of dull and stereotyped transparent medium light incident direction;

The experimental technique of said apparatus is used to be made up of following step:

1) coordinate paper (4) is soaked in water taking-up in 1 minute, the scale face of coordinate paper (4) is attached on the dull and stereotyped transparent medium light entrance face of known thickness, inhale the water in coordinate paper (4) with camera lens letterweight, eliminate the moisture film between coordinate paper (4) and dull and stereotyped transparent medium and air film;

2) power supply of semiconductor laser (2) is connected, the laser beam of semiconductor laser (2) outgoing incides post lens (3), the line source of outgoing is normally incident in the back side of coordinate paper (4) on dull and stereotyped transparent medium, meet the blanking bar of line symmetry centered by wire light belt that light observes by coordinate paper (4) from the another side of dull and stereotyped transparent medium, measure the width L of blanking bar from coordinate paper (4), unit is mm;

3) according to above-mentioned measurement result, the refractive index of dull and stereotyped transparent medium is calculated with following formula,

$n_x=\frac{\sqrt{L^2+16h^2}}{L}---\left(1\right)$

H is the thickness of dull and stereotyped transparent medium in formula (1), the width of unit to be mm, L be blanking bar, unit be mm.