CN103802619A - Novel four-wheel-drive amphibious tractor - Google Patents
Novel four-wheel-drive amphibious tractor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103802619A CN103802619A CN201310529135.2A CN201310529135A CN103802619A CN 103802619 A CN103802619 A CN 103802619A CN 201310529135 A CN201310529135 A CN 201310529135A CN 103802619 A CN103802619 A CN 103802619A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel four-wheel-drive amphibious tractor. The tractor is characterized by comprising four rubber wheels and four impellers, wherein each rubber wheel and each impeller form a set of tyres, four sets of tyres are formed totally, each set of tyres is formed in such a way that the rubber wheel is located on the outer side and the impeller is located on the inner side, the rubber wheel and the impeller of each set of tyres are connected to a same reduction box through a rotating shaft and connected with a driving shaft through the reduction box, each set of tyres and the reduction box of the set of tyres can swing around the driving shaft, and positions of the reduction boxes and the tyre sets are controlled through hydraulic swing cylinders, so that switch of falling and lifting of the rubber wheels and the impellers under two different working conditions of paddy field and dry land operations is realized; thus, the tractor is driven by the four rubber wheels when traveling or operating in dry land and by the four impellers when traveling or operating in paddy fields. The novel four-wheel-drive amphibious tractor is applicable to paddy field and dry land operations and can be switched freely between wet and dry working conditions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to farm machinery technical field, be specifically related to conversion process four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor freely between a kind of Novel rice paddy, nonirrigated farmland.
Background technology
Southern hills dense waterway net region, ploughs and highly differs, the narrow and small dispersion in plot, and nonirrigated farmland, paddy field is assorted old, and mechanized farming restraining factors are more, to having proposed more functional requirement as the trac. of farm power machinery.First, trac. must can be in paddy field, working on farm land; Secondly, trac. must have the ground interblock transition freely of the discrepancy in elevation.Wheel-tire tractor is at paddy-field-working, is easily absorbed in muddyly, and application is very limited.Boat-type tractor, although can be preferably at paddy-field-working, nonirrigated farmland bad adaptability, annual Occupation coefficient is restricted.Comparatively speaking, southern area Agricultural Machinery Equipment structural inconsistency is more outstanding, and the agricultural machinery chain drive of simultaneous adaptation paddy field working on farm land lacks, outfitting tool is few, automatization level is low.
The development of the amphibious agricultural machinery chain drive of floods and droughts is: 1, boat-type tractor (or boat tractor) is a kind of Chinese distinctive field machine, grows up from area, south China paddy field in the sixties in 20th century on trac. basis.It utilizes Buoying Principle of Tractor, bears general trac. and drives and two kinds of functions of load-bearing, and in dark mud pin paddy field, operation has good comformability.Boat-type tractor is at the Occupation coefficient in paddy field, and average every horsepower of working out is higher 2.5～3 times than wheel-tire tractor, and yearly amount of work adds up to all at 200 mu ~ 480 mu.In south, some is economized, and the cultivated area of boat-type tractor has reached 30%～40% of total area under cultivation.
Early stage boat-type tractor, tillage implement and trac. are integrated, and are called " boat tractor ".Along with the improvement of function, boat tractor adopts the form of conventional trac., power drive shaft is set to be connected with agricultural machinery and implement, hull separates with agricultural machinery and implement, the become agricultural machinery power machine with independent and perfect function the same as trac., bears the multiple task with the same type of conventional trac. in nonirrigated farmland, paddy field.
Boat-type tractor has obtained large-area promoting the use of in the seventies, becomes the main tillage machinery in area, paddy field.For many years, the development of boat-type tractor, structure from simple to complex, with the combination of agricultural machinery and implement by integral type change into separation type, function by single to comprehensively, its title is also transitioned into boat-type tractor by boat tractor.
2, crawler type agricultural machinery chain drive.Crawler type agricultural machinery chain drive is take track type tractor as representative.Compared with wheel-tire tractor, track type tractor has good adhesion value, can bring into play larger tractive force, is applicable to heavy duty operation.In the muddy area of humidity, because grounding pressure is little, degree of tortuosity is rolled in farmland light, be particularly suitable in low, wetland operation, and except farm work, also in farmland capital construction, play a role.
Rubber caterpillar type trac. attains full development in recent years and applies, and becomes one of power machine of farmland operation, in the more shallow paddy field of mud pin, has certain advantage.Meanwhile, the application of rubber belt track integral type field machine is wider, as rubber caterpillar type rice transplanter, rice combine and rotovator etc.
3, air buoyancy tank crawl amphibian digging machine, is applicable to travel and operation in soft, swampy terrain and beach, swampy terrain.Since the sixties in 20th century, some countries such as Japan, Germany, the U.S., using for reference on the basis of mechanized landing vehicle technology, have been developed into air buoyancy tank crawl roller chain stripe shape amphibian digging machine successively for engineering construction.On the basis of reference inlet port type, domestic units concerned have carried out the research-and-development activity of amphibian digging machine, successively there is the unit such as Changchun Machinery Inst., Ministry of Water Conservancy, Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering to develop Related product, be mainly used in irrigation and water conservancy and other engineering construction.
Sum up present situation both domestic and external, the research and development distinct issues of the amphibious agricultural machinery chain drive of floods and droughts are:
1) the amphibious agricultural machinery chain drive research of floods and droughts insufficient investment.Colleges and universities and scientific research institutions' research are in this respect less at present.The domestic research to boat-type tractor, mainly concentrated on before generation nineteen ninety, be subject to the restriction of engineering factor, analysis means and method at that time, its theoretical investigation mainly take simplify mechanical analysis as main, lack modern computer ancillary works simulation analysis and structural dynamic Epidemiological Analysis.
2) research and development of existing boat-type tractor, be mainly to carry out in some agricultural machinery enterprise, its design more adopts traditional design method, continues to use old version, advanced and novelty deficiency, has restricted technical merit and the development process of southern hills dense waterway net region agricultural machinery chain drive.
3) although existing agricultural machinery power machine can carry out operation in the region such as paddy field, nonirrigated farmland, use in southern hills dense waterway net region, still there is the poor problem of comformability.Especially for different working conditions, lack suitable monitoring means, more lack necessary control policy and means, to guarantee that it fulfils assignment under optimum state, thereby increase work efficiency, reduce operating cost.
In view of this, be necessary to provide a kind of novel four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor, to address the above problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: the problem existing in order to overcome the amphibious agricultural machinery chain drive of existing floods and droughts, proposes conversion process four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor freely between a kind of Novel rice paddy, nonirrigated farmland.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of novel four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor, the constituent elements of described trac. comprises: driving engine, engine clucht, engine mission, steering clutch, steering wheel, seat, synchronous cog belt, brake system, four rubber tires, drop-gear box, four impellers, hull, hydraulic oscillating cylinder, tooth circle, propons, back axle, hydraulic control system and electric control systems, is characterized in that:
On hull, provide mechanical power and hydraulic power by rigid structure stationary engine, engine clucht, engine mission for whole system, front and below are steering wheel and steering clutch on the seat, and they control direct of travel, pass through synchronous cog belt, power is delivered to back axle from propons, four rubber tires and four impellers wherein each rubber tire and an impeller form one group of tire and form altogether four groups of tires, every group of tire be all rubber tire in outside and impeller in inner side, rubber tire and the impeller of each group tire are all connected on same drop-gear box by rotating shaft, be connected with axle drive shaft by drop-gear box, every group of tire can swing around axle drive shaft together with its drop-gear box, by the position of hydraulic oscillating cylinder control drop-gear box and wheels, thereby rubber tire and the impeller realized under two kinds of different operating modes of floods and droughts operation fall and promote conversion, while work in nonirrigated farmland, hydraulic control system drives hydraulic oscillating cylinder, rotates counterclockwise working on farm land position by the rack drives tooth circle of hydraulic oscillating cylinder, falls the switching that impeller lifts thereby the swing that realizes drop-gear box realizes rubber tire, while work in paddy field, hydraulic control system drives hydraulic oscillating cylinder, the smoother hour hands of rack drives tooth by hydraulic oscillating cylinder turn to paddy-field-working position, thereby the swing that realizes drop-gear box realizes rubber tire and lifts, the switching that impeller falls, thus realize in the time of nonirrigated farmland walking or operation, drive by four rubber tires, when paddy field walking or operation, by four impeller-driven, on the output shaft of every group of tire, all there is brake system, can snap catch.
Novel four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor as above, is characterized in that, described trac. also comprises driven wheel, cliding gear, axle drive shaft, deceleration box, powershift power-transfer clutch, gear cluster, rubber tire axle drive shaft and impeller drive shaft; In the time of working on farm land, hydraulic control system control driving gear drives cliding gear, by powershift power-transfer clutch, is delivered to the power of axle drive shaft on rubber tire axle drive shaft by gear cluster; In the time of paddy-field-working, HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM driving gear drives cliding gear, by powershift power-transfer clutch, is delivered to the power of axle drive shaft in impeller drive shaft by gear cluster.
Novel four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor as above, it is characterized in that, described trac. comprises that freeing pipe, car bonnet, outer cover, farm implements hang and back mirror, and car bonnet and freeing pipe are above driving engine, outer cover and back mirror are at trac. middle part, and farm implements are suspended on tractor rear.
The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages: novel four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor of the present invention is applicable to paddy field, working on farm land, can between two kinds of operating modes of floods and droughts, freely change simultaneously; Can adjust voluntarily to adapt to the paddy field of the different mud pin degree of depth and load-carrying capacity; Can be used as transportation means use at highway and land reclaimed from a lake beach; Mechanical, electrical, liquid integrated, and there is certain intelligent level; High workload efficiency and good operability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 changes wheel process schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is rubber tire position transformational structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is impeller location transformational structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is gearbox structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is nonirrigated farmland working state schematic representation;
Fig. 7 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is paddy field working state schematic representation.
In above figure, sequence number annotation is as follows: 1. driving engine, 2. engine clucht, 3. engine mission, 4. steering clutch, 5. steering wheel, 6. seat, 7. synchronous cog belt, 8. brake system, 9. rubber tire, 10. drop-gear box, 11. impellers, 12. hulls, 13. hydraulic oscillating cylinders, 14. tooth circles, 15. driven wheels, 16. cliding gears, 17. axle drive shafts, 18. deceleration box, 19. powershift power-transfer clutchs, 20. gear clusters, 21. rubber tire axle drive shafts, 22. impeller drive shaft, 23. freeing pipes, 24. car bonnets, 25. outer covers, 26. farm implements hang, 27. back mirrors.
The specific embodiment
In order to understand better the present invention, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only confined to the following examples.Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values are equally within the listed claims limited range of the application.
Shown in following Fig. 1, Fig. 2, four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor chief component parts are: driving engine 1, engine clucht 2, engine mission 3, propons, back axle, steering wheel 5 and steering clutch 4, hull 12, drop-gear box 10, rubber tire 9, impeller 11, brake system 8, hydraulic control system and electric control system.
On overall highly faired hull 12, provide mechanical power and hydraulic power by rigid structure stationary engine 1, engine clucht 2, engine mission 3 for whole system.On seat 6 front and below be steering wheel 5 and steering clutch 4, they control direct of travel.By synchronous cog belt 7, power is delivered to back axle from propons, on each wheel output shaft, all has brake system 8, can snap catch.Hydraulic oscillating cylinder 13, tooth circle 14 are to realize the key components and parts that changes wheel action.Four rubber tires 9, drop-gear boxs 10 have formed nonirrigated farmland traveling gear, and four impellers 11, drop-gear boxs 10 have formed paddy field traveling gear.Hydraulic oscillating cylinder 13 and tooth circle 14 has formed and has changed wheel location switching mechanism.Driven wheel 15, cliding gear 16, axle drive shaft 17, deceleration box 18 and powershift power-transfer clutch 19 have formed to change takes turns power switching mechanism.Car bonnet 24 and freeing pipe 23 are above driving engine, and outer cover 25 and back mirror 27 are at trac. middle part, and farm implements hang 26 at tractor rear.
Driving engine 1 reaches propons by engine clucht 2 and engine mission 3 by power, and propons reaches back axle by synchronous cog belt 7 by power, in the middle of back axle, has diff, and back axle reaches rubber tire 9 and impeller 11 by drop-gear box 10 by power.Steering wheel 5 is by two steering clutchs 4 in hydraulic actuating cylinder control propons left and right, and realization turns to.Brake is controlled four brake system 8 by hydraulic actuating cylinder, realizes four brake system 8 single or brake simultaneously.
When nonirrigated farmland walking or operation, drive by four rubber tires 9; When paddy field walking or operation, drive by four impellers 11.A rubber tire 9 and an impeller 11 are wheels, are arranged on respectively on drop-gear box 10, are connected with axle drive shaft by drop-gear box 10.Every group of wheels can swing around axle drive shaft together with its drop-gear box 10, control the position of drop-gear box 10 and wheels by hydraulic oscillating cylinder 13, thereby the rubber tire 9 of realizing under two kinds of different operating modes of floods and droughts operation falls and promotes conversion with impeller 11.On each drop-gear box 10, have the power-transfer clutch of a hydraulic actuating cylinder control, can be respectively under different operating modes by transmission of power to rubber tire 9 or impeller 11.And can, according to the mud pin depth, adjust the driving depth of impeller 11 by control mechanism.In addition, driver's seat 6 can move forward and backward automatic center-of-gravity regulating, is beneficial to the ride comfort of trac. walking operation.
Fig. 3 is that schematic diagram is switched in rubber tire 9, impeller 11 positions, and Fig. 4 is rubber tire 9, impeller 11 powershift structural representations.Fig. 5 is for being gearbox structure schematic diagram.According to working condition, while work in nonirrigated farmland, hydraulic efficiency pressure system drives hydraulic oscillating cylinder 13, and the rack drives tooth circle 14 by hydraulic oscillating cylinder 13 rotates counterclockwise working on farm land position, falls the switching that impeller 11 lifts thereby the swing that realizes drop-gear box 10 realizes rubber tire 9; While work in paddy field, hydraulic efficiency pressure system drives hydraulic oscillating cylinder 13, and the rack drives tooth circle 14 by hydraulic oscillating cylinder 13 clockwise rotates working on farm land position, lifts the switching that impeller 11 falls thereby the swing that realizes drop-gear box 10 realizes rubber tire 9.When switch position, as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, hydraulic control system is controlled powershift simultaneously.In the time of working on farm land, hydraulic control system drives cliding gear 16, by powershift power-transfer clutch 19, the power of axle drive shaft 17 is delivered on rubber tire axle drive shaft 21 by gear cluster 20; In the time of paddy-field-working, hydraulic control system drives cliding gear 16, by powershift power-transfer clutch 19, the power of axle drive shaft 17 is delivered in impeller drive shaft 22 by gear cluster 20.
As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, the location status of rubber tire 9, impeller 11 when Fig. 6 is working on farm land, the location status of rubber tire 9, impeller 11 when Fig. 8 is paddy-field-working.
The content not being described in detail in this specification sheets belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (3)
1. a novel four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor, the constituent elements of described trac. comprises: driving engine (1), engine clucht (2), engine mission (3), steering clutch (4), steering wheel (5), seat (6), synchronous cog belt (7), brake system (8), four rubber tires (9), drop-gear box (10), four impellers (11), hull (12), hydraulic oscillating cylinder (13), tooth circle (14), propons, back axle, hydraulic control system and electric control system, is characterized in that:
Provide mechanical power and hydraulic power by rigid structure stationary engine (1), engine clucht (2), engine mission (3) for whole system hull (12) is upper, be steering wheel (5) and steering clutch (4) in the upper front of seat (6) and below, they control direct of travel, by synchronous cog belt (7), power is delivered to back axle from propons, four rubber tires (9) and four impellers (11) wherein each rubber tire (9) and an impeller (11) form one group of tire and form altogether four groups of tires, every group of tire be all rubber tire (9) in outside and impeller (11) in inner side, rubber tire (9) and the impeller (11) of each group tire are all connected on same drop-gear box (10) by rotating shaft, be connected with axle drive shaft by drop-gear box (10), every group of tire can swing around axle drive shaft together with its drop-gear box, control the position of drop-gear box and wheels by hydraulic oscillating cylinder (13), thereby the rubber tire (9) of realizing under two kinds of different operating modes of floods and droughts operation falls with impeller (11) and promotes conversion, while work in nonirrigated farmland, hydraulic control system drives hydraulic oscillating cylinder (13), rack drives tooth circle (14) by hydraulic oscillating cylinder (13) rotates counterclockwise working on farm land position, realize drop-gear box (10) thus swing realize rubber tire (9) and fall, the switching that impeller (11) lifts, while work in paddy field, hydraulic control system drives hydraulic oscillating cylinder (13), rack drives tooth circle (14) by hydraulic oscillating cylinder (13) clockwise rotates paddy-field-working position, realize drop-gear box (10) thus swing realize rubber tire (9) and lift, the switching that impeller (11) falls, thereby realize in the time of nonirrigated farmland walking or operation, drive by four rubber tires (9), when paddy field walking or operation, drive by four impellers (11), on the output shaft of every group of tire, all there is brake system (8), can snap catch.
2. novel four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described trac. also comprises driven wheel (15), cliding gear (16), axle drive shaft (17), deceleration box (18), powershift power-transfer clutch (19), gear cluster (20), rubber tire axle drive shaft (21) and impeller drive shaft (22); In the time of working on farm land, hydraulic control system control driven wheel (15) drives cliding gear (16), by powershift power-transfer clutch (19), the power of axle drive shaft (17) is delivered on rubber tire axle drive shaft (21) by gear cluster (20); In the time of paddy-field-working, HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM driven wheel (15) drives cliding gear (16), by powershift power-transfer clutch (19), the power of axle drive shaft (17) is delivered in impeller drive shaft (22) by gear cluster (20).
3. novel four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described trac. comprises that freeing pipe (23), car bonnet (24), outer cover (25), farm implements hang (26) and back mirror (27), car bonnet (24) and freeing pipe (23) are in driving engine (1) top, outer cover (25) and back mirror (27) are at trac. middle part, and farm implements hang (26) at tractor rear.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310529135.2A CN103802619B (en) | 2013-11-01 | 2013-11-01 | A kind of novel four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310529135.2A CN103802619B (en) | 2013-11-01 | 2013-11-01 | A kind of novel four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103802619A true CN103802619A (en) | 2014-05-21 |
| CN103802619B CN103802619B (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201310529135.2A Expired - Fee Related CN103802619B (en) | 2013-11-01 | 2013-11-01 | A kind of novel four wheel drive floods and droughts double duty tractor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107018964A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-08-08 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of multi-functional tidal-flat area Cai Beiche and its application method |
| CN107223641A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-10-03 | 福建农林大学 | Adopt razor clam car and its method of work in tidal-flat area |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4102292A (en) * | 1976-10-05 | 1978-07-25 | Hunter Ralph W | Amphibious vehicle |
| KR100290173B1 (en) * | 1998-05-30 | 2001-09-22 | 최채근 | Landing vehicle tractor for construction work at seaside |
| CN102582384A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-18 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Amphibious four-wheel drive vehicle |
| CN203142310U (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2013-08-21 | 易华 | Amphibious vehicle with diving gear |
| CN203186006U (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-09-11 | 七星关区箭牌轮胎翻修厂 | Amphibious vehicle |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1562160A1 (en) * | 1988-03-21 | 1990-05-07 | Центральный научно-исследовательский институт лесосплава | Floating transportation system |
-
2013
- 2013-11-01 CN CN201310529135.2A patent/CN103802619B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4102292A (en) * | 1976-10-05 | 1978-07-25 | Hunter Ralph W | Amphibious vehicle |
| KR100290173B1 (en) * | 1998-05-30 | 2001-09-22 | 최채근 | Landing vehicle tractor for construction work at seaside |
| CN102582384A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-18 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Amphibious four-wheel drive vehicle |
| CN203142310U (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2013-08-21 | 易华 | Amphibious vehicle with diving gear |
| CN203186006U (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-09-11 | 七星关区箭牌轮胎翻修厂 | Amphibious vehicle |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107018964A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-08-08 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of multi-functional tidal-flat area Cai Beiche and its application method |
| CN107223641A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-10-03 | 福建农林大学 | Adopt razor clam car and its method of work in tidal-flat area |
| CN107018964B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2022-05-17 | 福建农林大学 | Multifunctional shallow sea beach shellfish collecting vehicle and use method thereof |
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| CN103802619B (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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