CN103789086A - Luffa cylindrica seed oil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Luffa cylindrica seed oil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method for luffa cylindrica seed oil, and luffa cylindrica seed oil obtained by adopting the method. The research finds that the content of linoleic acid in the sprouted luffa cylindrica seed raw material can be increased; grease in the sprouted luffa cylindrica seeds can be extracted by virtue of adopting supercritical fluid CO2 extraction technology and can be enzymolyzed during assistance of an extraction technique, so that the high-quality luffa cylindrica seed oil can be prepared. The method has the following advantages of being simple in technical flow, easy for the process to regulate; CO2 is inert and non-toxic, thus being easily separated from an extraction product, and having no solvent residuals in the product. Sprouting acceleration treatment can be carried out in the raw material treatment stage, by combining the extraction technique so as to assist the enzymolysis technology, not only can the high-quality oil with higher linoleic acid content be obtained, but also the high-quality oil also has environment friendliness, safety and energy-saving property.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to and utilize biotechnology to improve oil quality and grease extraction efficiency field, relate to a kind of agricultural-food intensive processing method, relate in particular to a kind of extracting method of luffa seed oil.
Background technology
Sponge gourd (Luffa cylindric (L.) Roem.) is all very high vegetables of a kind of pharmaceutical use and nutritive value.Compendium of Material Medica is recorded, and sponge gourd taste cold in nature is sweet, has heat extraction profit intestines, dispelling pathogenic wind and eliminating phlegm, removing pattogenic heat from the blood and toxic material from the body, the meridian dredging, the effect such as arteries and veins, lower milk of invigorating blood circulation.Moreover, other positions of sponge gourd, as melon vine, melon leaf, melon flower, melon network, melon seeds etc. all have pharmaceutical use, wherein Seeds of Luffa cylindrica has the multiple efficacies such as relieving cough and reducing sputum, sterilization expelling parasite, moistening dryness for relaxing bowels.Enterprise to the course of processing of sponge gourd in (be mainly processing Vegetable Sponge of Luffa product), Seeds of Luffa cylindrica is as processing byproduct, quantity is huge, except only a few is medicinal, other overwhelming majority are dropped as waste, cause the great wasting of resources.Less to the exploitation research of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica both at home and abroad at present, especially, aspect luffa seed oil, rarely seen fragmentary report, there is not yet systematic Study.
Our unit had carried out comparatively systematic research to the comprehensive utilization of sponge gourd in recent years, wherein also comprised the fundamental research to Seeds of Luffa cylindrica.Existing result of study shows: the every 100-grain weight of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica is 11.2 ~ 11.6 grams, and kernel-containing rate is 50% ~ 52%.In Seeds of Luffa cylindrica benevolence, contain multiple nutritional components, particularly its fat content is very abundant, has very high extraction and is worth and very large potentiality to be exploited.Specifically, in Seeds of Luffa cylindrica benevolence, crude fat content is 21%, and crude protein content is 28%; And in luffa seed oil, lipid acid composition is close with peanut oil, except containing palmitinic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and 4 kinds of main fatty acids of linolic acid, also contain a small amount of myristic acid, 17 carbonic acid, linolenic acid, behenic acid, wherein unsaturated fatty acid content, up to 80% left and right, has higher nutritive value and value of exploiting and utilizing.Therefore the research and development of accelerating Seeds of Luffa cylindrica grease extraction process not only can solve the problem that China's oil resource is in short supply, new daily chemical industry quality plant oil can also be provided, and solve the environmental pollution and the wasting of resources that cause by arbitrarily abandoning Seeds of Luffa cylindrica raw material.
In the leaching process of grease, utilize biotechnology to improve extraction yield and the content of beneficial fatty acids wherein of grease, existing many research, has especially carried out a large amount of research for pathways metabolism and the linoleic forming process of preserving grease in plant seed germination process at present.Kindl, Feussner, Buchanan, Sarmiento, when Huang Zuoxi etc. preserve Lipid mobilization mechanism in research during Seed Germination, in Seed recovery, oil body is made up of individual layer phosphatide parcel storage grease triacylglycerol, early stage at seed germination, triacylglycerol in oil body is directly by esterase catalyzed glycerine and the free fatty acids of being hydrolyzed into being positioned on oil body film, be discharged in tenuigenin, carry out respectively further catabolism, oleic acid by the effect of the desaturase on oil body film, the oleic acid of esterification is converted into linolic acid; Polyunsaturated fatty acid in plant in triacylglycerol only could be discharged by the esterase hydrolyzed on oil body surface after oxidation.Because fat in germination process is resolved into glycerine and lipid acid by enzyme, the content of the free fatty acids in seed is improved.
The extraction process of Vegetable oil lipoprotein, main or take traditional solvent extraction method and milling process as main, no matter these two kinds of traditional methods are the oil quality obtaining in extraction, and after oil yield and oil expression, the protein utilization rate of the seed dregs of rice etc. has weak point on some.If extract grease with traditional milling process, exist processed oil color and luster darker, after squeezing, in grouts, contained protein can variability, and the high shortcoming of Residual oil content in grouts; If with the lixiviate of hexane kind solvent, there is the more unmanageable shortcoming of dissolvent residual problem in product.And supercutical fluid CO
2abstraction technique has the following advantages: extract temperature lower, be specially adapted to the extraction of thermo-sensitivity effective ingredient; Rate of mass transfer is fast, and extraction efficiency is high; Technical process is simple, and process is easy to regulate; CO
2inert non-toxic is easily separated from extraction product, no solvent residue etc. in product.And auxiliary with journey zymolysis technique in extraction process, not only can obtain high-quality grease and high utilization rate protein product, and also there is the feature of environmental protection, security and energy saving.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of luffa seed oil extracting method, it is characterized by: Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder making beating is obtained to slurry and to slurry in add the prozyme being formed by proteolytic enzyme, cellulase and polygalacturonase to carry out enzymolysis after original enzyme-deactivating, deactivation prozyme again after enzymolysis, then adopts supercutical fluid CO
2abstraction technique extracts grease.
Further, for addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of luffa seed oil extracting method, described method comprises the following steps:
(1) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dry maturation is carried out after warm air drying, pulverize acquisition Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder;
(2) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder is joined in distilled water, after immersion, Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder is carried out the slurry of defibrination destruction cell acquisition Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder;
(3) by slurry heating, the enzyme containing is carried out to deactivation, be then cooled to room temperature acquisition deactivation slurry for subsequent use;
(4) prozyme being made up of papoid, cellulase and polygalacturonase is joined and in deactivation slurry, carry out enzymolysis;
(5) enzymolysis complete after heat inactivation enzyme, then centrifugally remove supernatant liquid and collect slurry, after slurry is dried and pulverized, carry out supercutical fluid CO
2extract and obtain luffa seed oil.
The condition of further optimizing is as follows:
The described distilled water of step (2) is the distilled water of 10 times of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica opaque amounts;
The described condition that the enzyme containing is carried out to deactivation of step (3) is: 90 ℃ of temperature, time 10min;
The described prozyme mass ratio of step (4) is: papoid: cellulase: polygalacturonase=3:2:1, the amount of the prozyme adding be Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dried bean noodles heavy 6%, enzymatic hydrolysis condition is: 50 ℃ of water-baths concussions, time 6h;
The condition of the inactivator described in step (5) is: 90 ℃ of temperature, time 10min, the supercutical fluid CO that step (5) is described
2the condition of extraction is: time 1h, pressure 35 mPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, CO
2flow 2mL/min.
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides another luffa seed oil extracting method, it is characterized by: Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder is being carried out to supercutical fluid CO
2it is to process through Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dry maturation being carried out to vernalization the Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder obtaining afterwards that extraction obtains the Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder of using in grease process.
Further, for addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of luffa seed oil extracting method, described method comprises the following steps:
(1) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dry maturation is carried out to vernalization processing, after germinateing, shell, after warm air drying, pulverize and obtain Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder;
(2) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder is joined in distilled water, after immersion, Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder is carried out the slurry of defibrination destruction cell acquisition Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder;
(3) by slurry heating, the enzyme containing is carried out to deactivation, be then cooled to room temperature acquisition deactivation slurry for subsequent use;
(4) prozyme being made up of papoid, cellulase and polygalacturonase is joined and in deactivation slurry, carry out enzymolysis;
(5) enzymolysis complete after heat inactivation enzyme, then centrifugally remove supernatant liquid and collect slurry, after slurry is dried and pulverized, carry out supercutical fluid CO
2extract and obtain luffa seed oil.
The condition of further optimizing is as follows:
The condition of the described vernalization processing of step (1) is: Seeds of Luffa cylindrica is soaked in the warm water of 45 ℃, soak time is 60 min, then pull out and drain away the water and be placed in the pallet of spreading three metafiltration paper, cover black cover plate above, be placed under 22 ℃ of temperature condition again and germinate, germinating time is 3 days;
The described distilled water of step (2) is the distilled water of 10 times of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica opaque amounts;
The described condition that the enzyme containing is carried out to deactivation of step (3) is: 90 ℃ of temperature, time 10min;
The described prozyme mass ratio of step (4) is: papoid: cellulase: polygalacturonase=3:2:1, the amount of the prozyme adding be Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dried bean noodles heavy 6%, enzymatic hydrolysis condition is: 50 ℃ of water-baths concussions, time 6h;
The condition of the inactivator described in step (5) is: 90 ℃ of temperature, time 10min, the supercutical fluid CO that step (5) is described
2the condition of extraction is: time 1h, pressure 35 mPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, CO
2flow 2mL/min.
Embodiment
In order to realize object of the present invention, make technical scheme and advantage clearer, the present invention is further elaborated.
embodiment 1 luffa seed oil extracting method
(1) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica is soaked in the warm water of 45 ℃ and soaks (soak time be below factor C), after soaking, pull out and drain away the water and be placed in the pallet of spreading three metafiltration paper, cover black cover plate above, then be placed on vernalization under certain condition factor.The principal element of vernalization experiment is: A germination temperature (℃), B germinating time (d), C soak time (h) i.e. soak time (h) in the warm water of 45 ℃; Do Three factors-levels orthogonal experiment, empirical factor design is shown in
table 1, the selected top condition take percentage of germination as result.
Result shows, germination top condition is A2B2C1, i.e. 22 ℃ of germination temperatures, and germinating time 3d, soak time 1h, with this understanding, percentage of germination is 74%.Adopt best germination condition to germinate to Seeds of Luffa cylindrica, collect the Seeds of Luffa cylindrica after germination, shell, after warm air drying (condition is: temperature 70 C, time 4h), pulverize, obtain Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder for subsequent use.
table 1 orthogonal experiment level of factor table
| Level | A germination temperature (℃) | B germinating time (d) | C soak time (h) |
| 1 | 20 | 2 | 1 |
| 2 | 22 | 3 | 3 |
| 3 | 25 | 4 | 5 |
table 2 orthogonal experiment plan is taken into account result
| Sequence number | A germination temperature (℃) | B germinating time (d) | C soak time (h) | Percentage of germination |
| 1 | 20 | 2 | 1 | 0.68 |
| 2 | 20 | 3 | 3 | 0.63 |
| 3 | 20 | 4 | 5 | 0.58 |
| 4 | 22 | 2 | 5 | 0.51 |
| 5 | 22 | 3 | 1 | 0.74 |
| 6 | 22 | 4 | 3 | 0.66 |
| 7 | 25 | 2 | 3 | 0.47 |
| 8 | 25 | 3 | 5 | 0.56 |
| 9 | 25 | 4 | 1 | 0.43 |
| K1 | 1.89 | 1.66 | 1.85 | ? |
| K2 | 1.91 | 1.93 | 1.76 | ? |
| K3 | 1.46 | 1.67 | 1.65 | ? |
| R | 0.45 | 0.27 | 0.20 | A＞B＞C |
(2) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder is joined in the distilled water of 10 times of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica opaque amounts, after immersion 2h, carry out defibrination and obtain slurry.
(3) the slurry high temperature obtaining is gone out after enzyme and be cooled to room temperature.The enzyme condition of going out is: 90 ℃ of temperature, time 10min.
(4) prozyme is joined in the slurry that the enzyme that goes out crosses to enzymolysis under certain condition.Prozyme mass ratio is herein: cellulase: papoid: polygalacturonase=3:2:1, add-on be Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dried bean noodles heavy 6%; Enzymatic hydrolysis condition is: 50 ℃ of water-bath concussions, time 6h.
(5) enzymolysis complete after the high temperature enzyme that goes out, the enzyme condition of going out is: 90 ℃ of temperature, time 10min; .
(6) the centrifugal supernatant liquid that removes after enzyme that goes out, dries slurry, carries out supercutical fluid CO after pulverizing
2extraction.Extraction conditions: time 1h, pressure 35mPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, CO
2flow 2mL/min.After extraction, can obtain luffa seed oil.
Grease/Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder * oil length of luffa seed oil extraction yield (%)=extraction
Wherein Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder oil length is 47.6% after measured.Not vernalization, does not do aqueous enzymatic method processing, directly adopts supercutical fluid CO
2luffa seed oil is prepared in extraction, and its extraction yield is 52.2%.
This method is prepared luffa seed oil, and its extraction yield is 68%; The luffa seed oil outward appearance that this method makes is that light green is transparent, and is with unique sponge gourd fragrant.After testing, its physical and chemical parameter is as follows: refractive index (20 ℃) 1.470, iodine number (g/100) 81.22, saponification value (mg/g) 251.04, acid number (mg/g) 2.48.
And without vernalization, without aqueous enzymatic method processing, directly supercutical fluid CO
2the luffa seed oil color of the gained of extraction is that dark green colour band is brown, and without sponge gourd fragrant.Its physical and chemical parameter is: refractive index (20 ℃) 1.471, iodine number (g/100) 77.04, saponification value (mg/g) 232.80, acid number (mg/g) 7.62.
In the physical and chemical parameter of grease, iodine number is to differentiate an essential constant of fat, can be in order to judge the degree of unsaturation of fatty institute fatty acids, and iodine value is higher, and the content of the unsaturated fatty acids in grease is higher.Luffa seed oil iodine number, lower than 100, is non-drying oil; As can be seen here: the grease that this method the makes height that wherein unsaturated fatty acid content makes than Traditional Method.
During the acid number of grease refers to and the milligram number of the required potassium hydroxide of 1g grease free fatty acid, be to represent a kind of index of containing free acid in grease.Acid number is less, represents that grease freshness and quality are better.As can be seen here: it is good that the luffa seed oil quality that this method makes also makes than traditional extraction method.
The saponification value of grease is the milligram number of the required potassium hydroxide of saponification 1g sample oil.Saponification value is higher, illustrates that fatty acid molecule amount is less, and wetting ability is stronger.As can be seen here: what its wetting ability of the luffa seed oil that this method makes made than traditional extraction method is eager to excel.
Meanwhile, through gas Chromatographic Determination, in the luffa seed oil that this method makes, linoleic acid content is 53.05%, and supercutical fluid CO
2in the luffa seed oil that extraction extraction process makes, linoleic acid content is 41.24%; After germinateing, in grease, linoleic acid content has increased by 11.81%, and amplification reaches 28.64%.As can be seen here, vernalization is processed for the linoleic acid content improving in Seeds of Luffa cylindrica grease has significant effect, and the health care that has greatly improved luffa seed oil is worth.
embodiment 2 luffa seed oil extracting method
(1) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dry maturation is carried out to vernalization processing, the condition of vernalization processing is: Seeds of Luffa cylindrica is soaked in the warm water of 42 ℃, soak time is 75 min, then pull out and drain away the water and be placed in the pallet of spreading three metafiltration paper, cover black cover plate above, be placed under 24 ℃ of temperature condition again and germinate, germinating time is 2 days.Collect the Seeds of Luffa cylindrica after germination, shell, after warm air drying (condition is: 75 ℃ of temperature, time 3h), pulverize, obtain Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder for subsequent use.
(2) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder is joined in the distilled water of 12 times of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica opaque amounts, after immersion 1.5h, carry out defibrination and obtain slurry.
(3) the slurry high temperature obtaining is gone out after enzyme and be cooled to room temperature.The enzyme condition of going out is: 92 ℃ of temperature, time 8min.
(4) prozyme is joined to enzymolysis in the slurry that the enzyme that goes out crosses.Prozyme mass ratio is herein: cellulase: papoid: polygalacturonase=2:2:1, add-on be Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dried bean noodles heavy 5%; Enzymatic hydrolysis condition is: 48 ℃ of water-bath concussions, time 5h.
(5) enzymolysis complete after the high temperature enzyme that goes out, the enzyme condition of going out is: 92 ℃ of temperature, time 8min; .
(6) the centrifugal supernatant liquid that removes after enzyme that goes out, dries slurry, carries out supercutical fluid CO after pulverizing
2extraction.Extraction conditions: time 1.5h, pressure 35mPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, CO
2flow 2mL/min.After extraction, can obtain luffa seed oil.
This method is prepared luffa seed oil, and its extraction yield is 64.2%.After testing, its physical and chemical parameter is as follows: refractive index (20 ℃) 1.470, iodine number (g/100) 80.35, saponification value (mg/g) 246.33, acid number (mg/g) 2.72.
Meanwhile, through gas Chromatographic Determination, in the luffa seed oil that this method makes, linoleic acid content is 51.24%.
embodiment 3 luffa seed oil extracting method
1. Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dry maturation is carried out pulverizing acquisition Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder after warm air drying (condition is: temperature 70 C, time 4h), Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder is joined in the distilled water of 10 times of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica opaque amounts, after immersion 2h, carry out defibrination and obtain slurry.
2. slurry high temperature is gone out after enzyme and be cooled to room temperature.The enzyme condition of going out is: 90 ℃ of temperature, time 10min.
3. prozyme is joined in the slurry that the enzyme that goes out crosses to enzymolysis under certain condition.Prozyme mass ratio is herein: cellulase: papoid: polygalacturonase=3:2:1, add-on be Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dried bean noodles heavy 6%; Enzymatic hydrolysis condition is: 50 ℃ of water-bath concussions, time 6h.
Enzymolysis complete after the high temperature enzyme that goes out, the enzyme condition of going out is: 90 ℃ of temperature, time 10min; .
5. the centrifugal supernatant liquid that removes after enzyme that goes out, dries slurry, carries out supercutical fluid CO after pulverizing
2extraction.Extraction conditions: time 1h, pressure 35mPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, CO
2flow 2mL/min.After extraction, can obtain luffa seed oil.
This method is prepared luffa seed oil, and its extraction yield is 60.6%.After testing, its physical and chemical parameter is as follows: refractive index (20 ℃) 1.472, iodine number (g/100) 78.82, saponification value (mg/g) 240.45, acid number (mg/g) 3.16.
Meanwhile, through gas Chromatographic Determination, in the luffa seed oil that this method makes, linoleic acid content is 43.31%.
embodiment 4 luffa seed oil extracting method
1. Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dry maturation is carried out pulverizing acquisition Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder after warm air drying (condition is: 75 ℃ of temperature, time 3h), Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder is joined in the distilled water of 12 times of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica opaque amounts, after immersion 1.5h, carry out defibrination and obtain slurry.
2. slurry high temperature is gone out after enzyme and be cooled to room temperature.The enzyme condition of going out is: 92 ℃ of temperature, times 8 min.
3. prozyme is joined in the slurry that the enzyme that goes out crosses to enzymolysis under certain condition.Prozyme mass ratio is herein: cellulase: papoid: polygalacturonase=2:2:1, add-on be Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dried bean noodles heavy 5%; Enzymatic hydrolysis condition is: 48 ℃ of water-bath concussions, time 5h.
Enzymolysis complete after the high temperature enzyme that goes out, the enzyme condition of going out is: 92 ℃ of temperature, time 8min; .
5. the centrifugal supernatant liquid that removes after enzyme that goes out, dries slurry, carries out supercutical fluid CO after pulverizing
2extraction.Extraction conditions: time 1.5h, pressure 35mPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, CO
2flow 2mL/min.After extraction, can obtain luffa seed oil.
This method is prepared luffa seed oil, and its extraction yield is 58.8%.After testing, its physical and chemical parameter is as follows: refractive index (20 ℃) 1.472, iodine number (g/100) 79.14, saponification value (mg/g) 235.62, acid number (mg/g) 3.58.
Meanwhile, through gas Chromatographic Determination, in the luffa seed oil that this method makes, linoleic acid content is 42.87%.
Claims (11)
1. the preparation method of a luffa seed oil, it is characterized by: Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder making beating is obtained to slurry and to slurry in add the prozyme being formed by proteolytic enzyme, cellulase and polygalacturonase to carry out enzymolysis after original enzyme-deactivating, deactivation prozyme again after slurry enzymolysis, then adopts supercutical fluid CO
2abstraction technique extracts the grease in slurry, finally obtains luffa seed oil.
2. the preparation method of a kind of luffa seed oil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by and comprise the following steps:
Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dry maturation is carried out pulverizing acquisition Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder after warm air drying;
Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder is joined in distilled water, after immersion, Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder is carried out the slurry of defibrination destruction cell acquisition Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder;
By slurry heating, the enzyme containing is carried out to deactivation, be then cooled to room temperature acquisition deactivation slurry for subsequent use;
The prozyme being made up of papoid, cellulase and polygalacturonase is joined and in deactivation slurry, carries out enzymolysis;
Heat inactivation enzyme after enzymolysis completes, then centrifugally removes supernatant liquid and collects slurry, after slurry is dried and pulverized, carries out supercutical fluid CO
2extract and obtain luffa seed oil.
3. the preparation method of a kind of luffa seed oil as claimed in claim 2, is characterized by:
The condition of the warm air drying described in step (1) is: temperature 70-75 ℃, time 3-4h;
The described distilled water of step (2) is the distilled water of 10-12 times of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica opaque amount, and the time of immersion is 1.5-2h;
The described condition that the enzyme containing is carried out to deactivation of step (3) is: temperature 90-92 ℃, time 8-10min;
The mass ratio of the prozyme described in step (4) is: papoid: cellulase: polygalacturonase=2-3:2:1, and the amount of prozyme is the 5-6% that step (1) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dried bean noodles is heavy, the condition of enzymolysis is: 48-50 ℃ of water-bath concussion, time 5-6h;
The condition of the inactivator described in step (5) is: temperature 90-92 ℃, time 8-10min, the supercutical fluid CO that step (5) is described
2the condition of extraction is: time 1-1.5 h, pressure 35 mPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, CO
2flow 2mL/min.
4. the preparation method of a kind of luffa seed oil as claimed in claim 2, is characterized by:
The condition of the warm air drying described in step (1) is: temperature 70 C, time 4h;
The described distilled water of step (2) is the distilled water of 10 times of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica opaque amounts, and the time of immersion is 2h;
The described condition that the enzyme containing is carried out to deactivation of step (3) is: 90 ℃ of temperature, time 10min;
The mass ratio of the described prozyme of step (4) is: papoid: cellulase: polygalacturonase=3:2:1, the amount of prozyme be step (1) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dried bean noodles heavy 6%, the condition of enzymolysis is: 50 ℃ of water-baths concussions, time 6h;
The condition of the inactivator described in step (5) is: 90 ℃ of temperature, time 10min, the supercutical fluid CO that step (5) is described
2the condition of extraction is: time 1 h, pressure 35 mPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, CO
2flow 2mL/min.
5. the preparation method of a kind of luffa seed oil as claimed in claim 2, is characterized by:
The condition of the warm air drying described in step (1) is: 75 ℃ of temperature, time 3h;
The described distilled water of step (2) is the distilled water of 12 times of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica opaque amounts, and the time of immersion is 1.5h;
The described condition that the enzyme containing is carried out to deactivation of step (3) is: 92 ℃ of temperature, time 8min;
The mass ratio of the described prozyme of step (4) is: papoid: cellulase: polygalacturonase=2:2:1, the amount of the prozyme adding be step (1) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dried bean noodles heavy 5%, the condition of enzymolysis is: 48 ℃ of water-baths concussions, time 5h;
The condition of the inactivator described in step (5) is: 92 ℃ of temperature, time 8min, the supercutical fluid CO that step (5) is described
2the condition of extraction is: times 1.5 h, pressure 35 mPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, CO
2flow 2mL/min.
6. the preparation method of a luffa seed oil, it is characterized by: first Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dry maturation is carried out to vernalization and process the Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder that obtains vernalization afterwards, then this Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder making beating is obtained slurry and adds the prozyme being made up of papoid, cellulase and polygalacturonase to carry out enzymolysis to after original enzyme-deactivating in slurry, deactivation prozyme again after enzymolysis, then adopts supercutical fluid CO
2abstraction technique extracts grease.
7. the preparation method of a kind of luffa seed oil as claimed in claim 6, is characterized by and comprise the following steps:
Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dry maturation is carried out to vernalization processing, after germinateing, shell, after warm air drying, pulverize and obtain Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder;
Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder is joined in distilled water, after immersion, Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder is carried out the slurry of defibrination destruction cell acquisition Seeds of Luffa cylindrica powder;
By slurry heating, the enzyme containing is carried out to deactivation, be then cooled to room temperature acquisition deactivation slurry for subsequent use;
The prozyme being made up of papoid, cellulase and polygalacturonase is joined and in deactivation slurry, carries out enzymolysis;
Heat inactivation enzyme after enzymolysis completes, then centrifugally removes supernatant liquid and collects slurry, after slurry is dried and pulverized, carries out supercutical fluid CO
2extract and obtain luffa seed oil.
8. the preparation method of a kind of luffa seed oil as claimed in claim 7, is characterized by:
The condition of the described vernalization processing of step (1) is: Seeds of Luffa cylindrica is soaked in the warm water of 42-45 ℃, soak time is 60-75 min, then pull out and drain away the water and be placed in the pallet of spreading three metafiltration paper, cover black cover plate above, be placed under 22-24 ℃ of temperature condition again and germinate, germinating time is 2-3 days; The condition of the warm air drying described in step (1) is: temperature 70-75 ℃, time 3-4h;
The described distilled water of step (2) is the distilled water of 10-12 times of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica opaque amount, and the time of immersion is 1.5-2h;
The described condition that the enzyme containing is carried out to deactivation of step (3) is: temperature 90-92 ℃, time 8-10min;
The mass ratio of the prozyme described in step (4) is: papoid: cellulase: polygalacturonase=2-3:2:1, and the amount of the prozyme adding is the 5-6% that step (1) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dried bean noodles is heavy, the condition of enzymolysis is: 48-50 ℃ of water-bath concussion, time 5-6h;
The condition of the inactivator described in step (5) is: temperature 90-92 ℃, time 8-10min, the supercutical fluid CO that step (5) is described
2the condition of extraction is: time 1-1.5 h, pressure 35 mPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, CO
2flow 2mL/min.
9. the preparation method of a kind of luffa seed oil as claimed in claim 7, is characterized by:
The condition of the described vernalization processing of step (1) is: Seeds of Luffa cylindrica is soaked in the warm water of 45 ℃, soak time is 60 min, then pull out and drain away the water and be placed in the pallet of spreading three metafiltration paper, cover black cover plate above, be placed under 22 ℃ of temperature condition again and germinate, germinating time is 3 days; The condition of the warm air drying described in step (1) is: temperature 70 C, time 4h;
The described distilled water of step (2) is the distilled water of 10 times of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica opaque amounts, and the time of immersion is 2h;
The described condition that the enzyme containing is carried out to deactivation of step (3) is: 90 ℃ of temperature, time 10min;
The mass ratio of the described prozyme of step (4) is: papoid: cellulase: polygalacturonase=3:2:1, the amount of the prozyme adding be step (1) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dried bean noodles heavy 6%, the condition of enzymolysis is: 50 ℃ of water-baths concussions, time 6h;
The condition of the inactivator described in step (5) is: 90 ℃ of temperature, time 10min, the supercutical fluid CO that step (5) is described
2the condition of extraction is: time 1h, pressure 35 mPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, CO
2flow 2mL/min.
10. the preparation method of a kind of luffa seed oil as claimed in claim 7, is characterized by:
The condition of the described vernalization processing of step (1) is: Seeds of Luffa cylindrica is soaked in the warm water of 42 ℃, soak time is 75 min, then pull out and drain away the water and be placed in the pallet of spreading three metafiltration paper, cover black cover plate above, be placed under 24 ℃ of temperature condition again and germinate, germinating time is 2 days; The condition of the warm air drying described in step (1) is: 75 ℃ of temperature, time 3h;
The described distilled water of step (2) is the distilled water of 12 times of Seeds of Luffa cylindrica opaque amounts, and the time of immersion is 1.5 h;
The described condition that the enzyme containing is carried out to deactivation of step (3) is: 92 ℃ of temperature, time 8min;
The described prozyme mass ratio of step (4) is: papoid: cellulase: polygalacturonase=2:2:1, the amount of the prozyme adding be step (1) Seeds of Luffa cylindrica dried bean noodles heavy 5%, enzymatic hydrolysis condition is: 48 ℃ of water-baths concussions, time 5h;
The condition of the inactivator described in step (5) is: 92 ℃ of temperature, times 8 min; The supercutical fluid CO that step (5) is described
2the condition of extraction is: times 1.5 h, pressure 35 mPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, CO
2flow 2mL/min.
11. 1 kinds of luffa seed oils, is characterized by by the preparation method of a kind of luffa seed oil as described in claim 1-10 any one and prepare.
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| CN104531340A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-22 | 安徽有机良庄农业科技发展有限公司 | Field muskmelon seed oil extraction method |
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| CN105132146A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-09 | 全椒县尹氏油脂有限公司 | Extraction method of bitter melon seed oil |
| CN108004015A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-08 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | A kind of Suaeda salsa seed oil supercritical carbon dioxide extraction process |
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| CN108004015A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-08 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | A kind of Suaeda salsa seed oil supercritical carbon dioxide extraction process |
| CN111269379A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-06-12 | 上海应用技术大学 | Loofah seed oil modified pure water-based polyurethane nano-emulsion and preparation method thereof |
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