CN1037883C - 差压转换型充电电路 - Google Patents

差压转换型充电电路 Download PDF

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CN1037883C
CN1037883C CN92102675A CN92102675A CN1037883C CN 1037883 C CN1037883 C CN 1037883C CN 92102675 A CN92102675 A CN 92102675A CN 92102675 A CN92102675 A CN 92102675A CN 1037883 C CN1037883 C CN 1037883C
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switching element
active switching
differential pressure
diode
power supply
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CN1077316A (zh
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杨泰和
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Priority to JP1992053222U priority patent/JP2567034Y2/ja
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00711—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with introduction of pulses during the charging process
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

一种差压转换型充电电路，主要由以差压设定电路操控差压致动型主动开关元件配合压降型电流检测元件及电容器及整流电感所构成，而能通过差压设定电路操控参考压降型电流检测元件的电位值及电容器的电位值以相对操控差压主动开关元件，使电容两端呈一稳定电位，并经整流电感对蓄电池充电；此项差压转换型充电电路可应用于电源为不连续的脉动直流电源或连续的直流电源；此项电路的优点在于能不受直流电源脉动值的影响而提供一低纹波的充电电流到蓄电池以提高效率。

Description

差压转换型充电电路
本发明涉及一种创新设计的差压转换型充电电路，尤其涉及一种主要由以差压设定电路控制差压致动型主动开关元件配合压降型电流检测元件及电容器及整流电感所构成的充电电路。
传统蓄电池通常以交流市电整流后充电，但蓄电池充电须有下列特性：(1)适当逐渐减低充电电流，而非快速递减，(2)与蓄电池适当的压差(约1.35倍)，(3)维持较多的有效充电时间。
为了符合(1)项，人们通常用一逐渐增高的电压，使充电电流适当的逐渐减低而非快速减少，此项逐渐增高的电压如(2)所述以不超过1.35倍为原则，为了维持较多的有效充电时间，则电源纹波愈低愈佳，为了符合上述要求，通常人们将整流后的脉动直流通过各型滤波电路滤波后再用主动元件作串联或并联的线性电压调整，但此类电路零件繁多，成本增高。
本发明的目的在于提供一种差压转换型充电电路提供低纹波、低成本、高效率及具有适当逐渐减低充电电流的充电特性，
本发明是这样实现的：
一种差压转换型充电电路，它包括输出所需电压的电源；与所述电源耦合的主动开关元件；用于在充电电流较大时产生较大压降的压降型电流检测元件，其输入端与所述主动开关元件的输出端相连；差压设定电路，其两端分别与所述主动开关元件输入端和所述压降型电流检测元件输出端相连，用以控制所述主动开关元件的控制电压；电容器，其并联在所述压降型电流检测元件输出端和所述电源另一端之间，用于储能及降低纹波值；整流电感，其输入端与所述压降型电流检测元件的输出端相连，用于降低充电电流的纹波值。
下面依附图所示详细说明本发明的实施例。
图1为此项差压转换型充电电路的实施例。
图2为由电阻元件并联电容构成的压降型电流检测元件例。
图3为由电感元件或电感电阻两者兼具的元件并联续流二极管构成的压降型电流检测元件例。
图4为此项差压转换型充电电路的半波型电路实施例。
图1所示为此项差压转换型充电电路的实施例，图中主要包括：
——变压器TR101：为将交流市电电压值转为所需电压以输至桥式整流器BR101的交流端的装置；
——桥式整流器BR101：为将交流变成脉动直流的装置；
——主动开关元件Q101为由输入端输入直流正电压，而接受差压设定电路的控制，由输出端通往压降型电流检测元件Z101，再通往电容器C101及整流电感L101之连接端的装置；此项主动开关元件Q101可由固态可控硅SCR或与二极管组顺向串联的功率晶体管所构成，其中以固态可控硅SCR为主动开关元件时，适用于不连续的脉动直流电源，而以功率晶体管为主动开关元件时，则适用于连续的直流电源及不连续的脉动直流电源；
——差压设定电路：为由一可变电阻VR101的调整点(或两组以上串联的固定电阻的中间接点)串联一二极管CR101(或齐纳二极管)至主动开关元件Q101的控制脚，若主动开关件为可控硅时，此控制脚为可控硅的控制极，或者为功率晶体管时，则为功率晶体管的基极(B脚)；
——电容器C101：为并联于压降型电流检测元件Z101的输出端及电源负端，以供储能及降低纹波值的元件；
——压降型电流检测元件Z101；为由电阻性元件R201并联电容C201(如图2)或电感性或电感电阻两者兼具型元件L301并联续流二极管CR301(如图3)所构成的装置，以在充电电流较大时产生较大压降，以使差压设定电路对主动开关元件的触动时间延后；
——整流电感L101：为串联于压降型电流检测元件Z101与蓄电池B101正极之间的元件，用以降低充电电流之纹波值，可视需要并联续流二极管CR111；
——蓄电池B101；并联于整流电感L101的输出端及电源负端之间。
上述电路可供在电容器形成一调节电量，其电压值为经整流电感对蓄电池放电，而其残余电压在每一电源脉动周期电压差值形成于差压设定电路两端，而于差压值较大时提前导通主动开关元件，以增加对电流充电时间，而压降型电流检测元件则依电流值大小产生压降，此一压降值若以电感性存在足够时间，将使次一周对电容器充电时间缩短而调节其充电电流。
在实际应用中，人们亦以较简易的半波电源来获得上述功能的电路，图4所示为差压转换型充电电路的半波电路例，图中主要构成为：
——变压器TR401：为将交流市电电压值转为所需电压的装置；
——主动开关元件Q401：为由输入端输入直流正电压，而接受差压设定电路的控制，由输出端通往压降型电流检测元件Z401，再通往电容器C401及整流电感L401之连接端的装置；前述主动开关元件Q401可由固态可控硅体SCR或与二极管组顺向串联的功率晶体管所构成；
——差压设定电路：为一二极管CR402与一可变电阻VR401的调整点(或两组以上串联的固定电阻的中间接点)串联一二极管CR401(或齐纳二极管)至主动开关元件Q401之控制脚，即可控硅体之控制极或功率晶体管之基极(B脚)；
——电容器C401：为并联于压降型电流检测元件Z401的输出端及电源负端之间，以供储能及降低纹波值的元件；
——压降型电流检测元件Z401：为由电阻性元件并联电容或电感性或电感电阻两者兼具型元件并联续流二极管所构成的装置，以在充电电流较大时产生较大压降，以使差压设定电路对主动开关元件的触动时间延后；
——整流电感L401：为串联于压降型电流检测元件Z401与蓄电池B401正极之间的元件，以降低充电电流之纹波值，可视需要并联续流二极管CR411；
——蓄电池B401：为并联于整流电感L401的输出端及电源负端之间。
上述电路动作过程与全波类似仅其调整补充电能的频率为全波之一半。

Claims (4)

1.一种差压转换型充电电路，其特征在于，包括输出所需电压的电源；与所述电源耦合的主动开关元件；用于在充电电流较大时产生较大压降的压降型电流检测元件，其输入端与所述主动开关元件的输出端相连；差压设定电路，其两端分别与所述主动开关元件输入端和所述压降型电流检测元件输出端相连，用以控制所述主动开关元件的控制电压；电容器，其并联在所述压降型电流检测元件输出端和所述电源另一端之间，用于储能及降低纹波值；整流电感，其输入端与所述压降型电流检测元件的输出端相连，用于降低充电电流的纹波值。
2.如权利要求1所述的差压转换型充电电路，其特征在于，
所述电源包括一变压器(TR101)和一桥式整流器(BR101)，所述变压器的输出端与所述桥式整流器的输入端相连，所述桥式整流器的正极与所述主动开关元件的输入端相连，负极与所述电容器相连；
所述主动开关元件可由固态可控硅SCR或者与二极管组顺向串联的功率晶体管构成；
所述差压设定电路包括一可变电阻(VR101)以及串联在所述可变电阻的调整点与所述主动开关元件控制脚之间的二极管或齐纳二极管(CR101)；
所述压降型电流检测元件由电阻性元件(R201)并联电容器(C201)构成，或者由电感性或电感电阻两者兼具型元件(L301)并联续流二极管(CR301)构成。
3.如权利要求1所述的差压转换型充电电路，其特征在于，
所述电源包括一变压器(TR401)，所述变压器的一端与所述主动开关元件的输入端相连，另一端与所述电容器相连；
所述主动开关元件可由固态可控硅SCR或者与二极管组顺向串联的功率晶体管构成；
所述差压设定电路包括一二极管(CR402)、一可变电路(VR401)以及串联在所述可变电阻调整点与所述主动开关元件控制脚之间的二极管或齐纳二极管(CR401)；
所述压降型电流检测元件由电阻性元件(R201)并联电容器(C201)构成，或者由电感性或电感电阻两者兼具型元件(L301)并联续流二极管(CR301)构成。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的差压转换型充电电路，其特征在于，所述整流电感还与续流二极管(CR111，CR411)并联。
CN92102675A 1992-04-03 1992-04-09 差压转换型充电电路 Expired - Fee Related CN1037883C (zh)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/862,715 US5337228A (en) 1992-04-03 1992-04-03 Differential charging circuit
EP92303065A EP0564726A1 (en) 1992-04-03 1992-04-07 A different converting type charging circuit
CN92102675A CN1037883C (zh) 1992-04-03 1992-04-09 差压转换型充电电路
JP1992053222U JP2567034Y2 (ja) 1992-04-03 1992-07-29 電池充電装置

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/862,715 US5337228A (en) 1992-04-03 1992-04-03 Differential charging circuit
EP92303065A EP0564726A1 (en) 1992-04-03 1992-04-07 A different converting type charging circuit
CN92102675A CN1037883C (zh) 1992-04-03 1992-04-09 差压转换型充电电路
JP1992053222U JP2567034Y2 (ja) 1992-04-03 1992-07-29 電池充電装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1077316A CN1077316A (zh) 1993-10-13
CN1037883C true CN1037883C (zh) 1998-03-25

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CN92102675A Expired - Fee Related CN1037883C (zh) 1992-04-03 1992-04-09 差压转换型充电电路

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US (1) US5337228A (zh)
EP (1) EP0564726A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2567034Y2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1037883C (zh)

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CN1077316A (zh) 1993-10-13
EP0564726A1 (en) 1993-10-13
JPH0617342U (ja) 1994-03-04
US5337228A (en) 1994-08-09
JP2567034Y2 (ja) 1998-03-30

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