CN103781390A - 便器装置以及用于处理和消毒废料的方法 - Google Patents

便器装置以及用于处理和消毒废料的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103781390A
CN103781390A CN201280043940.8A CN201280043940A CN103781390A CN 103781390 A CN103781390 A CN 103781390A CN 201280043940 A CN201280043940 A CN 201280043940A CN 103781390 A CN103781390 A CN 103781390A
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Prior art keywords
closet
ash
condenser
waste material
water
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CN201280043940.8A
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O·索赛尤夫
O·哈尔珀林
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Paulee Cleantec Ltd
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Paulee Cleantec Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D11/00—Other component parts of water-closets, e.g. noise-reducing means in the flushing system, flushing pipes mounted in the bowl, seals for the bowl outlet, devices preventing overflow of the bowl contents; devices forming a water seal in the bowl after flushing, devices eliminating obstructions in the bowl outlet or preventing backflow of water and excrements from the waterpipe
    • E03D11/02—Water-closet bowls ; Bowls with a double odour seal optionally with provisions for a good siphonic action; siphons as part of the bowl
    • E03D11/11—Bowls combined with a reservoir, e.g. containing apparatus for disinfecting or for disintegrating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
    • A47K11/023—Incinerator closets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
    • A47K11/03—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets having means for adding powder, e.g. earth
    • A47K11/035—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets having means for adding powder, e.g. earth with chemical solvents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Abstract

用于处理废料的便器装置，所述便器装置包括盛装有氧化剂的箱，所述氧化剂接触废料并导致放热反应，该放热反应导致水分蒸发、消毒和恶臭的消除。

Description

便器装置以及用于处理和消毒废料的方法
技术领域
本发明总体涉及一种用于处理人类排泄物等的便器装置，尤其涉及一种改进的装置和方法，利用该装置和方法可以在不污染土壤的情况下处理人类的排泄物并且使用最少量的水来对便器装置进行消毒。
背景技术
已经研制出焚烧炉厕所(http://www.storburn.ca/specs.html或者http://www.incinolet.com/aboutus_2.htm)，其对有机废料进行消毒，但产生需要在中央废料处理系统中处理的固体和液体就结束了。美国专利6455751描述了一种包含氧化剂和增稠剂或胶凝剂的凝胶组合物，这些氧化剂和增稠剂或胶凝剂通过被直接应用于污染区域而被用于解毒化学剂以及生物制剂。胶凝剂是一种胶状材料，例如二氧化硅、氧化铝或者铝硅酸盐粘土，其形成一种粘性凝胶，该粘性凝胶在被用于倾斜表面或波形表面时不会流动。可以利用少于约30%的胶质材料轻易地将含水氧化剂或者氧化剂的有机溶液胶凝。凝胶的制备简单且适于现场实施，例如凝胶可在净化场所制备并利用喷射装置快速且均匀地在某个区域上施用。在净化过程之后，残留物可以被冲走或抽走以便处理。
通过将一种或两种水溶性过氧化合物例如过硫酸盐以及高锰酸盐引入土壤中，在量上以及在土壤氧化剂需求量得以满足并且土壤中挥发性有机化合物被氧化这两个条件下，从污染土壤中去除挥发性有机化合物，无论是在原地还是非原地(美国专利6019548)。
以下被认为是代表用于有机废料处理的背景技术：
美国专利955,908；3,370,787；3,986,744；4,205,869；4,272,116；4,440,410；4,875,729；4,896,912；5,134,974；5,156,427；5,394,833；5,400,572；5,511,682；5,713,616；6,227,149；6,505,578。
发明内容
如以下将更详细描述的，本发明旨在提供用于通过氧化来处理人类排泄物的改进的便器装置和方法。
附图说明
结合附图从以下详细描述中将会更充分地理解和领会本发明，在附图中：
图1是根据本发明的一个非限制性实施方式而构造和操作的便器装置的框图图示。
具体实施方式
参照图1，其示出了根据本发明的一个非限制性实施方式而构造和操作的便器装置10。
便器装置10包括抽水马桶12，固体和液体废料被从该抽水马桶中输送到废料箱14。该便器装置可以具有单独的固体收纳箱14S和液体收纳箱14L（液体例如尿液）。
从氧化剂分配器16将氧化剂添加到固体废料中。混合器18可以被设置用于混合氧化剂和废料。可以通过接触强氧化剂，例如但不限于高锰酸钾，来实现有机物的氧化。放热反应导致水分蒸发、消毒、恶臭消除甚至燃烧，其中恶臭消除通常为减少含硫化合物的结果。固体废料被氧化成干灰。
在反应过程中蒸发的水被冷凝器20收集。冷凝器20可以包括热电装置22（例如：热电电极），其运用珀尔帖效应和冷凝器的热部分与冷部分之间的温差来发电，以对电池24充电而操作泵26或任何其它的电气装置，例如但不限于厕所内的照明设备29。泵26可以将由冷凝器20所收集的冷凝水引向贮水池28，以便在抽水马桶12中重复使用。另外，可以安装一个或多个太阳能板30以辅助便器装置的电气运转和可持续性。
干灰被就地处置或者被单独的容器收集。尿液与氧化剂混合，之后或者与冷凝液一起或者单独被输送到贮水池28。贮水池28中的包括有效量氧化剂的水被用于冲洗和消毒便器装置10的废料收集箱14。废料被再次分离到固体和液体收纳箱并且循环再次重新开始。
因此本发明具有多种优点。系统中所用的水被重复使用。固体废料中的水被回收并且尿液中的水被消毒并回收。便器装置被消毒而无恶臭。可以被收集到可移除罐中的固体灰是少量的、无菌的，并且可以被就地处置。
在本发明中，厕纸等可被使用并被扔进盥洗室中。本发明的处理将在同一容器中使固体废料（粪便和纸）与氧化剂混合，将固体废料转化为灰。不需要任何污水处理系统或电力基础设施或者连接。氧化剂可以一个月一次以非常低的成本被补充到氧化剂分配器16中。

Claims (7)

1.一种便器装置（10），该便器装置包括：
抽水马桶（12）；和
废料箱（14），废料被从所述抽水马桶（12）输送到该废料箱；
其特征在于，包括：氧化剂分配器(16)，该氧化剂分配器将氧化剂分配到所述废料箱(14)中的废料，所述氧化剂与所述废料反应以形成导致水分蒸发的放热反应；以及收集放热反应过程中蒸发的水分的冷凝器（20）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的便器装置（10），该便器装置还包括用于将所述氧化剂与所述废料混合的混合器（18）。
3.根据权利要求1所述的便器装置（10），其中所述废料箱（14）包括单独的固体箱（14S）和液体箱（14L）。
4.根据权利要求1所述的便器装置（10），该便器装置还包括泵（26），所述泵（26）将由所述冷凝器（20）所收集的冷凝水引向贮水池（28）以便在所述抽水马桶（12）中重复使用。
5.根据权利要求1所述的便器装置（10），其中所述冷凝器（20）包括热电装置（22），该热电装置利用所述冷凝器（20）的热部分和冷部分之间的温差发电。
6.根据权利要求5所述的便器装置（10），其中所述热电装置（22）对电池（24）进行充电以操作泵（26）或照明设备（29）。
7.根据权利要求1所述的便器装置（10），该便器装置还包括一个或多个太阳能板（30）以辅助所述便器装置的电气运转。
CN201280043940.8A 2011-08-02 2012-07-23 便器装置以及用于处理和消毒废料的方法 Pending CN103781390A (zh)

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US201161514110P 2011-08-02 2011-08-02
US61/514,110 2011-08-02
PCT/US2012/047800 WO2013019444A2 (en) 2011-08-02 2012-07-23 Toilet apparatus and method for disposing and sterilizing waste

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EP (1) EP2739195A2 (zh)
CN (1) CN103781390A (zh)
AU (1) AU2012290526A1 (zh)
BR (1) BR112014002565A2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2843620A1 (zh)
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AU2012290526A1 (en) 2014-02-20
WO2013019444A2 (en) 2013-02-07
US20140157502A1 (en) 2014-06-12
BR112014002565A2 (pt) 2017-06-06
CA2843620A1 (en) 2013-02-07
ZA201400813B (en) 2015-04-29
WO2013019444A3 (en) 2013-11-28
EP2739195A2 (en) 2014-06-11

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