CN103777350B - A kind of three-mirror reflection variable focal length optical system based on photo-isomerisable material - Google Patents
A kind of three-mirror reflection variable focal length optical system based on photo-isomerisable material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103777350B CN103777350B CN201410048580.1A CN201410048580A CN103777350B CN 103777350 B CN103777350 B CN 103777350B CN 201410048580 A CN201410048580 A CN 201410048580A CN 103777350 B CN103777350 B CN 103777350B
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Abstract
Based on a three-mirror reflection variable focal length optical system for photo-isomerisable material, by primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors and under being positioned at short burnt pattern the afocal variable diaphragm of system exit pupil position form.System aperture diaphragm is positioned on primary mirror, and primary mirror, secondary mirror form one group of classical R-C optical system, and the radiation laser beam of object scene converges through primary and secondary mirror and forms middle real image, and middle real image is imaged onto optical system focal plane place through three mirrors.This optical system primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors all adopt photo-isomerisable material, in optical system zooming procedure, utilize its material behavior to control the change of catoptron asphericity coefficient, finally can when system all mirror curvatures radius be constant, only to be changed by catoptron asphericity coefficient and mirror spacing adjusts on a small quantity and makes system possess long-focus, high resolving power and short focus, feature compared with Large visual angle simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to space flight optical remote sensor technical field, relate to a kind of three-mirror reflection variable focal length optical system based on photo-isomerisable material.
Background technology
Along with the development of space optical remote technology, for the functional requirement also increasingly stringent of investigation camera.Special in environment disaster reduction and military surveillance field, both wished that camera can complete the generaI investigation to ground object target on a large scale, and needed again it can carry out detailed survey to specific region simultaneously.GeneraI investigation, it is emphasised that the fabric width covering power of camera, is mainly carried out in a big way, low resolution imaging, completes the observation to global object and search; Detailed survey then it is emphasised that the detailed information acquisition capability of camera, mainly carries out high-resolution imaging to important area, obtains the details of interesting target.The specific demand of this generaI investigation and detailed survey requires that investigation camera optical system has the function of generaI investigation and detailed survey concurrently, and the space camera of this detailed generaI investigation integration will become a very important developing direction of future space earth observation optical system undoubtedly.
The method realizing generaI investigation integration in detail at present both at home and abroad mainly contains two kinds: the first relies on multi-satellite flexible combination or single satellite vehicle out-driving to realize high-low resolution exactly, the covered ground of width visual field; The second is on satellite platform, carry the optics load that separate unit or multiple stage have different resolution and visual field, completes generaI investigation and detailed survey imaging respectively.The KH-9 of the U.S. just represents the trend that U.S.'s optical reconnaissance satellite develops to comprehensive reconnaissance satellite, it can be generally investigated, again can detailed survey, highest resolution can reach 0.3 meter, and the transmitting Ze Shi U.S. of KH-11 obtains satellite real time reconnaissance ability, during generaI investigation, resolution reaches 1 ~ 3 meter, and during detailed survey, resolution reaches 0.15 meter.In addition, for detailed generaI investigation integration, during generaI investigation, camera short focus is required, low resolution imaging in Large visual angle; During detailed survey, require camera long-focus, small field of view high-resolution imaging.Variable focal length optical system can meet such requirement just, can realize one camera space and generally investigate integrated function in detail.So far, varifocal optical system the most ripe is abroad transmission-type zoom system, pancreatic system, but it is difficult to the development trend meeting long-focus wide spectrum space optical remote sensor, and therefore total-reflection type zoom system, pancreatic system starts to be subject to increasing attention.
Three-mirror reflection optical system because its Project Realization is good, be easy to realize the advantages such as high precision temperature control, elements of interior orientation degree of stability are high, compact conformation, be considered to the first-selected pattern of space optical remote sensor type selecting.Existing reflective variable focal length optical system mainly contains and utilizes cam carry out the mechanical zoom method of nonlinear mirror spacing movement and utilize deformable mirror to carry out the active optics formula Zooming method of each face curvature change.For long-focus three-mirror reflection optical system, because system architecture simply only has two mirror spacing to be difficult to only rely on mirror spacing nonlinear moving to meet the requirement of length focal length mode picture element simultaneously, therefore mechanical zoom scheme is not very suitable for long-focus axis reflector formula system.Simultaneously for large-aperture long-focus three-mirror reflection optical system, if want to realize system zoom by face type Curvature varying, this just means that each type variable quantity may be very large, and structural design is difficult to the high stability ensureing that it uses in-orbit, and this greatly reduces the engineering feasibility of system.Can find that existing zoom mode all cannot meet the demand of following long-focus heavy caliber three-mirror reflection Space Optical System.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of three-mirror reflection variable focal length optical system based on photo-isomerisable material, can realize simultaneously high resolving power among a small circle detailed survey and on a large scale in low resolution generaI investigation function, and guarantee two-mode image quality is good simultaneously, system stability is high, compact conformation.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of three-mirror reflection variable focal length optical system based on photo-isomerisable material, comprises primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors, drive motor, focal plane detector and afocal variable diaphragm; Primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors and afocal variable diaphragm are coaxially placed; Incident beam after primary mirror, secondary mirror reflection, arrives three mirrors through the light hole on primary mirror successively, then in the imaging of focal plane detector place after afocal variable diaphragm; Described primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirror materials all adopt photo-isomerisable material; When the radius-of-curvature of primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors remains unchanged, the asphericity coefficient of primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors is changed by photo-isomerisable material behavior, and utilize drive motor to drive three mirrors to move horizontally along optical axis direction, complete the zoom of whole optical system.
Described primary mirror, secondary mirror, three mirrors are non-spherical reflector; Wherein primary mirror type is parabola, and secondary mirror and three mirror type are high order aspheric surface.
Described focal plane receiving device is line array CCD or TDICCD detector.
The present invention's advantage is compared with the prior art:
(1) the present invention is owing to adopting three-mirror reflection zoom scheme, generaI investigation and among a small circle high resolving power detailed survey function on a large scale can be completed by means of only a camera simultaneously, greatly reduce the complicacy realizing generaI investigation combination observation in detail like this, while saving ample resources for satellite platform, greatly reduce its launch cost.The present invention is suitable as the optical system of following high-performance investigation camera very much.
(2) the present invention all adopts photo-isomerisable material due to each catoptron, when each type radius-of-curvature is completely constant by means of only change asphericity coefficient and a small amount of mirror spacing completion system zoom.The present invention is applicable to large-aperture long-focus optical system compared with existing zoom mode, and can guarantee that each large caliber reflecting mirror face type variable quantity is less, possess engineering realizability, the range of adjustment simultaneously reducing mirror spacing makes system structure design relatively simple.The present invention more meets the development trend of space optical remote sensor large-aperture long-focus, and its Project Realization is better simultaneously, system reliability is higher.
(3) in the present invention owing to have employed three pieces of coaxial non-spherical reflectors, mechanical-optical setup is compact, make the structural stability of system higher, moment of inertia is less, be easy to realize high-precision temperature and point to controlling, one-piece construction is compacter, very favourable for spaceborne long-focus high resolving power investigation camera.
(4) in the present invention owing to there is intermediary image, can field stop and interior light shield be set in intermediary image position, thus effectively eliminate veiling glare outside visual field, reduce the requirement of external light shield length.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Structural drawing when Fig. 1 is optical system long-focus pattern of the present invention;
Structural drawing when Fig. 2 is optical system short focus pattern of the present invention;
MTF curve map during three-mirror reflection variable focal length optical system long-focus pattern based on photo-isomerisable material in Fig. 3 example of the present invention;
MTF curve map during three-mirror reflection variable focal length optical system short focus pattern based on photo-isomerisable material in Fig. 4 example of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention operating spectrum band is 0.45 ~ 0.8 μm, entrance pupil bore 1000mm during long-focus pattern, optical system focal length 12m, full filed 0.4 °, system overall length 1900.02mm.Entrance pupil bore 500mm during short focus pattern, optical system focal length 4m, full filed 3 °, system overall length 1631.96mm.During focal length pattern, embodiment as shown in Figure 1, and optical system of the present invention comprises: primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2, three mirror 3, drive motor 4, focal plane detector 5 and afocal variable diaphragm 6.Primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2, three mirror 3 and afocal variable diaphragm 6 are coaxial, and primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2 form classical R-C system, and form a real image, and one time real image is imaged onto focal plane detector 5 through three mirrors 3 and afocal variable diaphragm 6.Wherein an image position is between 1 mirror and 3 mirrors, apart from 1 mirror 495.38mm position.Focal plane detector 5 is line array CCD or TDICCD detector receiving plane.Be as the criterion parabola (quadratic term coefficient-0.9853), secondary mirror 2 of primary mirror 1 is high order aspheric surface (quadratic term coefficient 2.958,4 rank asphericity coefficients are 4.09E-9,6 rank asphericity coefficients are 2.329E-14,8 rank asphericity coefficients are 2.52E-19,10 rank asphericity coefficients are 1.70E-24), three mirror 3(quadratic term coefficients-7.98,4 rank asphericity coefficients are-3.578E-9,6 rank asphericity coefficients are 2.377E-14,8 rank asphericity coefficients are 9.49E-19,10 rank asphericity coefficients are-1.02E-24), material is photo-isomerisable material.During short burnt pattern, embodiment as shown in Figure 2, and now primary mirror 1 and secondary mirror 2 spacing, secondary mirror 2 and three mirror 3 spacing are moved, and primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2, three mirror 3 asphericity coefficient change simultaneously.Now primary mirror 1 quadratic term coefficient becomes-0.93, secondary mirror 2 quadratic term coefficient becomes that-5.358,4 rank asphericity coefficients become-3.18E-9,6 rank asphericity coefficients become 6.43E-14,8 rank asphericity coefficients become-8.97E-18,10 rank asphericity coefficients become 8.158E-22, three mirror 3 quadratic term coefficients become-5.978,4 rank asphericity coefficients become-2.64E-9,6 rank asphericity coefficients become 1.37E-14,8 rank asphericity coefficients become-7.46E-19, and 10 rank asphericity coefficients become 2.195E-25.In addition, by the actual clear aperture of afocal variable diaphragm 6 control system at system exit pupil position place during short burnt pattern, now afocal variable diaphragm 6 is between primary mirror 1 and three mirrors 3, and the distance apart from primary mirror 1 is 331.07mm.
Because bore is larger, focal length is longer, the face type under identical zoom ratio condition during zoom and spacing variable quantity also will become large thereupon, its face type difficulty of processing is also larger, therefore this programme adopts photo-isomerisable material to adjust asphericity coefficient and a small amount of mirror spacing on the constant basis of each curvature radius, greatly reduce variable quantity and the mirror spacing Nonlinear Adjustment amount of face type like this, thus greatly improve the engineering realizability of system.Actual result achieves from 12m focal length, 0.4 ° of visual field optical system and 4m focal length, freely the switching of 3 ° of visual field optical systems, and picture element is good under each pattern, under its long-focus pattern, MTF curve as shown in Figure 3, can find out, MTF curve when every millimeter of 50 pairs of line close to diffraction limit, under its short focus pattern, MTF curve as shown in Figure 4, can find out, MTF curve is greater than 0.7 when every millimeter of 25 pairs of line.
The content be not described in detail in instructions of the present invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Claims (3)
1. based on a three-mirror reflection variable focal length optical system for photo-isomerisable material, it is characterized in that: comprise primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2), three mirrors (3), drive motor (4), focal plane detector (5) and afocal variable diaphragm (6); Primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2), three mirrors (3) and afocal variable diaphragm (6) form anorthopia field coaxial optical system; Incident beam is successively after primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2) reflection, three mirrors (3) are arrived through the light hole on primary mirror (1), then in focal plane detector (5) place's imaging after afocal variable diaphragm (6); Described primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2), three mirrors (3) material all adopt photo-isomerisable material; When the radius-of-curvature of primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2), three mirrors (3) remains unchanged, the asphericity coefficient of primary mirror (1) and secondary mirror (2) and three mirrors (3) is changed by photo-isomerisable material behavior, and utilize drive motor (4) to drive three mirrors (3) to move horizontally along optical axis direction, complete the zoom of whole optical system.
2. a kind of three-mirror reflection variable focal length optical system based on photo-isomerisable material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2), three mirrors (3) are non-spherical reflector; Wherein primary mirror (1) face type is parabola, and secondary mirror (2) and three mirrors (3) face type are high order aspheric surface.
3. a kind of three-mirror reflection variable focal length optical system based on photo-isomerisable material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described focal plane detector (5) is line array CCD or TDICCD detector.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104735321B (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2017-08-29 | 北京空间机电研究所 | A kind of space TDICCD remote sensors optical bi-directional scanning system |
| CN106644412A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 上海镭昊光电股份有限公司 | Multispectral reflection type collimator |
| CN110646932B (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2022-05-17 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Reflective camera and electronic device |
| CN110764241B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-09-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Multi-focus distance axis three-reflection imaging optical system |
| CN111093015B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-04-13 | 中国空间技术研究院 | High-resolution monitoring imaging satellite system and method for stationary orbit |
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| EP0364951A2 (en) * | 1988-10-17 | 1990-04-25 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Continuous zoom all-reflective optical system |
| CN101697031A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2010-04-21 | 北京理工大学 | Wideband, high-resolution and varifocal three-mirror reflective optical system |
| CN102590995A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-18 | 北京理工大学 | Wide-band three-reflector variable focal length optical system |
| CN103472567A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2013-12-25 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Photoisomerization reflecting mirror system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102010031189B4 (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2014-04-03 | Bruker Optik Gmbh | ATR lens for an IR microscope and method for its operation |
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| EP0364951A2 (en) * | 1988-10-17 | 1990-04-25 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Continuous zoom all-reflective optical system |
| CN101697031A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2010-04-21 | 北京理工大学 | Wideband, high-resolution and varifocal three-mirror reflective optical system |
| CN102590995A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-18 | 北京理工大学 | Wide-band three-reflector variable focal length optical system |
| CN103472567A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2013-12-25 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Photoisomerization reflecting mirror system |
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