CN102736237B - Optical system for space astronomical observation infra-red telescope - Google Patents
Optical system for space astronomical observation infra-red telescope Download PDFInfo
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- CN102736237B CN102736237B CN201210203669.1A CN201210203669A CN102736237B CN 102736237 B CN102736237 B CN 102736237B CN 201210203669 A CN201210203669 A CN 201210203669A CN 102736237 B CN102736237 B CN 102736237B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical system for a space astronomical observation infra-red telescope, which comprises a reflection-type focal-free main optical system (1), a single-axis scanning mirror (2) and a subsequent imaging optical system (3), wherein in the reflection-type focal-free main optical system (1), ray is incident into a reflexing mirror (6) via an eccentric light through hole after being successively reflected by a main mirror (4) and a secondary mirror (5), and is reflected into the single-axis scanning mirror (2) successively by the reflexing mirror (6) and a prism (7); the single-axis scanning mirror (2) ensures that the aiming line of the optical system of the space astronomical observation infra-red telescope is constant by one-dimensional linear scanning; the incident ray of the reflection-type focal-free main optical system (1) is reflected to the subsequent imaging optical system (3); the subsequent imaging optical system (3) comprises an off-axis reflection type system, a color separation filter and a focal plane; the off-axis reflection type system corrects the aberration of the reflection-type focal-free main optical system (1); and the emergent ray of the reflection-type focal-free main optical system (1) is divided into two or more than two spectral channels by the color separation filter to be imaged to a corresponding focal plane.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to space flight optical remote sensor technical field, relate to a kind of space astronomical observation low temperature infrared telescope optical system that is applicable to.
Background technology
Along with the development of infrared eye technology, cryogenic optics technology and space refrigeration technology, the sensitivity of astronomical sight infrared telescope is required more and more higher, to survey comet from the solar system to the faint infrared signal that galaxy was sent at edge, universe.
Space infrared astronomy scope can be realized the detection of touring the heavens of whole day district, surveys cold faint object target, finds new planetary system, brown dwarf and fixed star.Main application is the physics and chemistry evolutionary process of research interstellar matter, the origin of organic molecule in universe, brown dwarf and be the evolutionary process etc. of outer planet system.
Succeeding in developing of low-temp. infrared optical system makes cosmic space infrared research become possibility, and astronomical infrared telescope comes out thereupon.Optical lens bore is only 300mm at present, and the primary mirror of astronomical sight infrared telescope generally has more than 400mm even more than 2m, the increase of bore brings larger difficulty by the design for the processing of low-temperature lens and optical lens low temperature supporting construction, at present domesticly for larger caliber cryogenic optics technology more than 400mm, does not also carry out correlative study; In order to survey the even extragalactic remote fixed star in extrasolar or planet, need make optical system working temperature drop to even several K of tens K, so the low whole optical system of temperature requirement is compressed in a cryogenic refrigeration tank and carries out work.The research work of profound hypothermia optical technology at present just just starts, stray radiation and the light splitting that realizes different spectral coverage for effective inhibition system, the structure of astronomical telescope need to be compressed through light path repeatedly, make light path compact as far as possible, do not affect again image quality, the complicated secondary imaging system of final formation, so complicated version is brought larger difficulty to optical design.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the infrared astronomy observation infrared telescope optical system that provide a kind of wide spectrum, hyperchannel, can work under profound hypothermia environment.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the optical system of space astronomical observation infrared telescope, comprise reflective without burnt primary optical system, single shaft scanning lens and follow-up imaging optical system,
Reflectively without burnt primary optical system, comprise primary mirror, be positioned at the secondary mirror of primary mirror one side, and turn back mirror and three mirrors that are positioned at primary mirror opposite side, wherein the center of primary mirror and secondary mirror is coaxial and as the reflective primary optical axis without burnt primary optical system, primary mirror is provided with an eccentric light hole, and light is incident on the mirror of turning back and by the mirror of turning back, three mirrors, is reflexed to single shaft scanning lens successively by eccentric light hole successively after primary mirror, secondary mirror reflection;
Single shaft scanning lens is positioned at reflective without the emergent pupil place of burnt primary optical system and the entrance pupil place of follow-up imaging optical system simultaneously, and the boresight that single shaft scanning lens scans by one-dimensional linear the optical system that guarantees space astronomical observation infrared telescope is constant; Single shaft scanning lens reflexes to follow-up imaging optical system by the reflective incident ray without burnt primary optical system;
Follow-up imaging optical system comprises off-axis reflection system, color separation film and focal plane, described off-axis reflection system receives the light that single shaft scanning lens reflection comes and also the reflective aberration without burnt primary optical system is proofreaied and correct, the emergent ray of off-axis reflection system by one or more color separation film be divided into two or above spectrum channel respectively imaging to corresponding focal plane.
Off-axis reflection system in described follow-up imaging optical system at least comprises two curved reflectors, and the face type of curved reflector is sphere or aspheric surface.
Between three described mirrors and single shaft scanning lens, be also provided with polylith curved reflector, the face type of curved reflector is sphere or aspheric surface.
The face type of described single shaft scanning lens is plane.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
(1) the present invention is reflective is comprised of from axle three mirror reflection optical systems coaxial two mirror reflection systems and one without burnt primary optical system, five mirror reflections have been formed without burnt primary optical system, from the design compensation of axle three trans optical systems the distortion that produce of coaxial two mirror reflection systems, this design form can be controlled the distortion of this afocal system in large field range effectively;
(2) the present invention is owing to having adopted five mirror reflections without burnt primary optical system, in compression bore, effectively compressed the volume of light path, effectively control system is in the wave aberration at emergent pupil place, field stop can be placed to eliminate parasitic light by the intermediate image plane place producing by primary and secondary mirror, can limit the bore of single shaft scanning lens by controlling pupil aberration;
(3) in optical system of the present invention, adopted single shaft scanning lens, when three-axis stabilization formula platform rotates with given pace, single shaft scanning lens can be when exposing each time the boresight of rigid telescope, the skew causing due to platform motion with aiming off line, to facilitate the data processing of carrying out ground;
(4) optical system of the present invention is low temperature infrared telescope in space, optical system entrance pupil is positioned on primary mirror, by the reasonable coordination of three ingredients, this optical system light path has been carried out effectively turning back and compressing, made whole optical system can put into a vacuum tank that is equivalent to primary mirror caliber size to realize low temperature imaging; Owing to having adopted the version of modular, each module can be debug independently and detect, and provides enough spaces for the physical construction of single shaft scanning lens.Follow-up image optics passage shares identical visual field, and color separation film and secondary color separation film are divided into 3 independent imaging bands by light path, and 3 imaging focal planes are all positioned at the aft section of cryogenic refrigeration tank, have facilitated arranging of Design of Mechanical Structure and electronic circuit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of optical system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the reflective structural drawing without burnt primary optical system of optical system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of the follow-up imaging optical system of optical system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Optical system of the present invention is mainly by forming without defocused laser beam compression primary optical system and follow-up imaging optical system, and can work in several K are not more than 1 meter cylindrical cryogenic refrigeration tank to tens K, bore, and optical system of the present invention is Cryogenic Optical System.
As shown in Figure 1, optical system of the present invention consists of without burnt primary optical system 1, single shaft scanning lens 2, follow-up imaging optical system 3 jointly reflective.Wherein reflective is that an entrance pupil diameter is 720mm without burnt primary optical system 1, and laser beam compression ratio is 7, field angle be 0.8 ° * 0.8 ° without burnt telescopic system.According to without burnt telescopic system image-forming principle, this system is intermediate image system, to facilitate, places field stop eliminate parasitic light at this intermediate image plane place.Single shaft scanning lens 2 reflective without burnt primary optical system 1 and follow-up imaging optical system 3 between, this single shaft scanning lens 2 can be so that optical system completes the observation view field imaging at 0.8 ° * 1.6 °.Follow-up imaging optical system 3 is that a field angle is 5.6 ° * 5.6 °, the triple channel imaging optical system that relative aperture is 1/3, and the centre wavelength of three passages is respectively 3.1 μ m, 4.5 μ m and 10 μ m.
As shown in Figure 2, reflective without burnt primary optical system 1 comprise primary mirror 4, secondary mirror 5, turn back mirror 6, three mirrors 7, in order to compress the needs of light path, can increase by four mirrors 8, five mirrors 9 and more catoptron (quantity is determined according to the complexity of design objective), wherein the surperficial face type of the catoptron such as primary mirror 4, secondary mirror 5, three mirrors 7, four mirrors 8 and five mirrors 9 all adopts secondary aspherical or other aspheric surface face type, and the surperficial face type of the mirror 6 of turning back adopts plane.Single shaft scanning lens 2 is positioned at the reflective emergent pupil place without burnt primary optical system 1, is positioned at the entrance pupil place of follow-up imaging optical system 3 simultaneously.Imaging is carried out to the true field of 0.8 ° * 0.8 ° in each focal plane simultaneously, when aircraft is with the operation of certain speed during with the orbital velocity of package space astronomical sight low temperature infrared telescope, single shaft scanning lens 2 can swing the fixedly aligning direction of primary optical axis with the speed equating within integral time, and corresponding visual field, focal plane can scan the other end in the one end from observation field within integral time.
As shown in Figure 3, follow-up imaging optical system module 3 comprises the mirror 10 of turning back, primary event mirror 11, secondary reflection mirror 12, triplex reflector 13, four secondary mirror 14, five secondary mirror 15, color separation film 16, secondary color separation film 17, shortwave focal plane 18, medium wave focal plane 19 and a long wave focal plane 20.Wherein the surperficial face type of primary event mirror 11, secondary reflection mirror 12, triplex reflector 13, four secondary mirror 14 and five secondary mirror 15 adopts secondary aspherical or other aspheric surface face type, and these several catoptrons have formed an off-axis reflection optical system.When design, this reflective optical system can be considered to be formed and (be not limited to five catoptrons herein by the catoptron higher than 2, concrete quantity is determined according to the complexity of design objective), to proofread and correct the reflective aberration bringing without burnt primary optical system module, and compress light path volume; Color separation film 16 and secondary color separation film 17 are divided into three passage imagings by whole optical system; Focal plane 18 is short-wave infrared passage imaging surface, and focal plane 19 is Medium wave infrared channel imaging surface, and focal plane 20 is LONG WAVE INFRARED passage imaging surface.
The content not being described in detail in instructions of the present invention belongs to those skilled in the art's known technology.
Claims (2)
1. the optical system of space astronomical observation infrared telescope, is characterized in that comprising: reflective without burnt primary optical system (1), single shaft scanning lens (2) and follow-up imaging optical system (3),
Reflectively without burnt primary optical system (1), comprise primary mirror (4), be positioned at the secondary mirror (5) of primary mirror (4) one sides, and the mirror of turning back (6) that is positioned at primary mirror (4) opposite side, three mirrors (7), four mirrors (8) and five mirrors (9), wherein the center of primary mirror (4) and secondary mirror (5) is coaxial and as the reflective primary optical axis without burnt primary optical system (1), primary mirror (4) is provided with an eccentric light hole, light is successively through primary mirror (4), after secondary mirror (5) reflection, by eccentric light hole, be incident to the mirror of turning back (6) upper also successively by the mirror of turning back (6), three mirrors (7), four mirrors (8), five mirrors (9) reflex to single shaft scanning lens (2),
Single shaft scanning lens (2) is positioned at the entrance pupil place of the reflective emergent pupil place without burnt primary optical system (1) and follow-up imaging optical system (3) simultaneously, and the boresight that single shaft scanning lens (2) scans by one-dimensional linear the optical system that guarantees space astronomical observation infrared telescope is constant; Single shaft scanning lens (2) reflexes to follow-up imaging optical system (3) by the reflective incident ray without burnt primary optical system (1);
Follow-up imaging optical system (3) comprises the mirror of turning back (10), primary event mirror (11), secondary reflection mirror (12), triplex reflector (13), four secondary mirror (14), five secondary mirror (15), a color separation film (16), secondary color separation film (17), shortwave focal plane (18), medium wave focal plane (19) and long wave focal plane (20); The emergent ray of single shaft scanning lens (2) arrives primary event mirror (11) via the mirror of turning back (10), the surperficial face type of primary event mirror (11), secondary reflection mirror (12), triplex reflector (13), four secondary mirror (14) and five secondary mirror (15) adopts secondary aspherical or other aspheric surface face type, an off-axis reflection optical system of five common compositions of catoptron; A color separation film (16) and secondary color separation film (17) are divided into three passage imagings by the emergent ray of described off-axis reflection optical system, are imaged on respectively shortwave focal plane (18), medium wave focal plane (19) and long wave focal plane (20).
2. the optical system of space astronomical observation infrared telescope according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the face type of described single shaft scanning lens (2) is plane.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210203669.1A CN102736237B (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2012-06-18 | Optical system for space astronomical observation infra-red telescope |
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| CN201210203669.1A CN102736237B (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2012-06-18 | Optical system for space astronomical observation infra-red telescope |
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| CN102736237B true CN102736237B (en) | 2014-10-08 |
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103345050B (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-03-18 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Space refraction and reflection type multichannel imaging optical system |
| CN103760668B (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-12-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Large-aperture long-focus continuous sweep imaging optical system |
| CN107167904B (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2020-02-14 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Common-aperture reflection type multi-spectrum optical system |
| CN107817598A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-03-20 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of long-focus Shared aperture reflective optical system |
| CN107703643A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-02-16 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | A kind of high-resolution multiband optics complex imaging detection system and its method |
| CN108519664B (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2020-07-07 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Main three-mirror integrated coaxial three-reflection infrared optical imaging device |
| EP3588165A1 (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-01 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO | Afocal in-field pointing telescope system |
| CN108957725A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-07 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Improved Schmidt telescopic optical system |
| CN109283671B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-01-07 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Light small-sized large-view-field low-distortion coaxial five-mirror optical system |
| CN109557648A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-04-02 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of low five reflecting optical system of distortion compact of long-focus |
| CN110794576A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-02-14 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Optical synthetic aperture imaging telescope array eccentricity error detection method based on phase modulation |
| CN110989157A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 孝感华中精密仪器有限公司 | Method for correcting consistency of optical axes of rear fixed group of folding and rotating zoom camera lens |
| CN115793722B (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-04-11 | 中国科学院云南天文台 | High-precision tracking method and system for ground level type solar telescope storehouse de-focus surface |
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