Cable conductor DC resistance proving installation and method of testing
Technical field
A kind of method that the present invention relates to cable conductor DC resistance proving installation and adopt this device to test.
Background technology
Measure conductor DC resistance equipment existing market comparative maturity be double bridge, the jig of employing is generally four-terminal measurement fixture, a pair of potential electrode and a pair of galvanic electrode, and distance between potential electrode is fixed as one meter.This measurement mechanism is for being less than 50mm
2following conductor, the error that test exists is very little, substantially negligible, and for the particularly large specification aluminium conductor phenomenons such as often discovery detection error greatly constantly, repeatedly measurement data fluctuation is unstable greatly, test data is untrue of the larger specification conductor of test.Manufacturing enterprise finds that the cross section of conductor and single line resistivity are all qualified producing when conductor, make twisted wire after conductor resistance often defective.Simultaneously in the time of sampling observation, also often to find to detect direct current resistance defective for power department and quality supervision department, and cross-sectional area of conductor and single line resistance are qualified, thus between all departments because conductor DC resistance problem is often disputed.
Also analyze for this phenomenon those skilled in the art that occur, due to particularly aluminium conductor very easily oxidation in air of metallic conductor, therefore all there is layer of oxide layer on each aluminium single line surface, and the resistivity of this layer of oxide layer is greater than the resistivity of aluminium conductor itself, therefore in the time of tested conductor direct current resistance, there is oxide layer contact resistance, this contact resistance does not exist only between tested sample and bridge gripper, also be present between each single line of stranded aluminium conductor simultaneously, and cross-sectional area of conductor is larger, single line radical is more, total contact resistance between single line is just larger.On the other hand, the cross section of conductor is larger, and the resistance of conductor itself is just less, and the resistance of 1 meter of conductor is even in the same order of magnitude with contact resistance, and contact resistance is just large to the relative effect of test resistance like this.Due to above reason, we adopt the problem that conventional method test large size conductor exists at present: first, the bridge gripper potential electrode of tested conductor resistance is generally fixed as 1 meter in the market, our factory or to detect unit sample censorship be also a meter, and this has just affected measuring accuracy; Secondly, the bridge gripper of buying is generally the four-terminal measurement fixture of a pair of galvanic electrode in electric bridge two outer ends in the market, and measure time because galvanic electrode only contacts with the skin of twisted wire, due to the contact resistance between each single line, cause measuring electric current extremely inhomogeneous distribution in each single line of twisted wire, either large or small, so test data dispersiveness, undulatory property are larger, can not embody the actual value of measured conductor resistance, often there is the phenomenons such as conductor resistance test repeatability is poor, and conductive direct current resistance test is defective.In order to reduce the impact of contact resistance on test, people have taked various measures, and as conductor termination is adopted nose crimping, pickling etc. is carried out in termination, but effect is not too obvious.
Chinese patent literature CN201210070556.9 disclosed " cable conductor DC resistance proving installation ", this device comprises two end face electric current input fixtures of being located at respectively these proving installation two ends, described end face electric current input fixture comprises the pedestal of a cap shape, described pedestal is provided with clamping device and electric current gatherer, and described electric current gatherer comprises that some electric currents of being located at described base bottom import terminal.This device adopts end face electric current input method test cable conductor DC resistance, allow measuring current directly enter the end face of conductor from end face electric current input fixture by current feed, reduce the contact resistance of conductor and fixture, avoided to a certain extent the false phenomenon of test data of conductor DC resistance.But still there is following defect in this device: 1, electric current leading-in end device complexity, is difficult to promote in real operation; 2, electric current is introduced conductor terminations by many thimbles, and the contact force between each thimble and each single line is difficult to be consistent, and the current unevenness that causes flowing through conductor is even, tests inaccurate; 3, this device is the improvement of electric current leading-in end on conventional electric bridge, and its testing length is for fixing 1 meter, and in the time that 3 meters or 5 meters test aptitude tests of some conductor needs are accurate, it cannot be realized.
Summary of the invention
First object of the present invention is to provide a kind of measurement mechanism that can improve the accuracy of tested conductor direct current resistance.
The technical scheme that realizes first object of the present invention is a kind of cable conductor DC resistance proving installation, comprises double bridge, sample holder and the connecting line by aforementioned the two electrical connection; Described sample holder comprises with the base of scale, voltage electrode fixture and galvanic electrode fixture; Described voltage electrode fixture and galvanic electrode fixture be detachably assembling on base, and fixes with base sliding.
Described voltage electrode fixture and galvanic electrode fixture all arrange in pairs at the two ends of base; Described galvanic electrode fixture is at least two pairs, and the galvanic electrode fixture that is positioned at base homonymy is connected between two.
The logarithm of described galvanic electrode fixture equals the number of plies of cable under test conductor.
The annular that described each voltage electrode fixture and galvanic electrode fixture the are a pair of symmetry pincers of filling the span of a man's arms; Described annular is filled the span of a man's arms to clamp by fixing pincers and adjustable clamp and is formed.
Described sample holder also comprises the Support bracket that is positioned at base middle part.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of measuring method that can improve the accuracy of tested conductor direct current resistance.
The technical scheme that realizes second object of the present invention is to adopt aforesaid cable conductor DC resistance proving installation, tests according to following steps:
Step 1: tested sample length as required, intercept suitable sample, the conductor of cable two ends is peeled off layer by layer and exposed each layer of conductor, make innermost layer length that conductor stays the longest, length that outermost layer stays is the shortest, and every one deck is all tightened with clip;
Step 2: one end of the galvanic electrode fixture of sample holder one end, voltage electrode fixture and measured conductor is fixed, each galvanic electrode jig successively with conductor inner, middle and outer layer close contact, voltage electrode fixture and outer single line close contact; According to the voltage electrode fixture of the other end on tested sample length adjustment base and the position of galvanic electrode fixture, then the voltage electrode fixture of the electric bridge other end, galvanic electrode fixture to be fixed with the other end of measured conductor respectively, it is symmetrical fixing that electric bridge two ends are.
Step 3: connect double bridge and each voltage electrode fixture and galvanic electrode fixture, test according to conventional method of testing.
Step 4: read the distance between two voltage electrodes according to base scale, the shown resistance of bridge test is the resistance of this length lower conductor, then according to R=R
x* L obtains the resistance R of every kilometer of conductor.
Adopt after technique scheme, the present invention has following positive effect: (1) apparatus and method of the present invention adopt raising sample length and layering electric current input method to carry out the direct current resistance of tested conductor, adopt active type fixture to lengthen sample holder length, increase measured conductor resistance, pull open the gap of measured resistance and contact resistance, like this contact resistance on the impact of conductor test resistance with regard to relative decrease, adopt multipair galvanic electrode simultaneously, each galvanic electrode is put on respectively on the inside and outside each layer of conductor of conductor, make so whole aluminium monofilaments of stranded conductor be connected with the current terminal of measuring system, make to greatest extent electric current flow through every monofilament, thereby improve the accuracy of direct current resistance test.Therefore can reduce the impact of contact resistance on test result, thereby avoid conductor DC resistance test data untrue, improve the accuracy of test.
(2) conductor (particularly aluminium conductor) direct current resistance when test that apparatus and method of the present invention have overcome multilayer larger cross-section because of the detection error that contact resistance occurs large, the phenomenons such as test data is untrue, data fluctuations is large, there is good repeatability, repeatedly the undulatory property of measurement data is little, test data result has embodied real conductor DC resistance numerical value, for research and development of products, the materials saving of enterprise provide the strongest Data safeguard.
(3) apparatus and method of the present invention can be avoided, because providing direct current resistance data accurately to cause manufacturing enterprise's increase cross-sectional area of conductor simply to guarantee that resistance test is qualified, greatly having saved waste of material cost.
(4) utilize apparatus and method of the present invention that data accurately can be provided, effectively avoided disputing between detection unit and manufacturing enterprise.
(5) utilize apparatus and method of the present invention greatly to increase work efficiency, dwindle labour intensity.
(6) cable conductor DC resistance proving installation of the present invention is simple in structure, can regulate arbitrarily potential electrode and galvanic electrode fixture according to the length of required test sample, solve existing direct current resistance test equipment and can only survey the problem of the fixing rice of 1 meter or all the other numbers, easy to operate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For content of the present invention is more easily expressly understood, according to specific embodiment also by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein below
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of sample holder of the present invention.
Attached number in the figure is:
Double bridge 1, sample holder 2, base 21, voltage electrode fixture 22, galvanic electrode fixture 23, Support bracket 24, scale 25, connecting line 3, tested sample 4.
Embodiment
(embodiment 1)
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the cable conductor DC resistance proving installation of the present embodiment comprises double bridge 1, sample holder 2 and by the connecting line of aforementioned the two electrical connection 3.Sample holder 2 comprises with the base 21 of scale 25, voltage electrode fixture 22, galvanic electrode fixture 23, Support bracket 24 and scale 25.Voltage electrode fixture 22 and galvanic electrode fixture 23 be detachably assembling on base 21, and slidably fixing with base 21, can certainly be that one end is fixing, and the other end is the structure of slidably fixing.Voltage electrode fixture 22 and galvanic electrode fixture 23 all arrange in pairs at the two ends of base 21; Galvanic electrode fixture 23 is at least two pairs, and concrete logarithm equals the number of plies of cable under test conductor, and the galvanic electrode fixture 23 that is positioned at base 21 homonymies is connected between two.The annular that each voltage electrode fixture 22 and galvanic electrode fixture 23 the are a pair of symmetry pincers of filling the span of a man's arms; The annular pincers of filling the span of a man's arms are made up of fixing pincers and adjustable clamp, and adjustable clamp can freely be advanced and retreat under screw rod, spring, rotary handle effect, and clamp good fit filling the span of a man's arms with fixing.The end face of each fixture is two semicircles or fan-shaped, clamps after sample and sample close contact.
Testing procedure is as follows:
Step 1: tested sample 4 length as required, intercept suitable sample, the conductor of cable two ends is peeled off layer by layer and exposed each layer of conductor, make innermost layer length that conductor stays the longest, length that outermost layer stays is the shortest, and every one deck is all tightened with clip;
Step 2: the galvanic electrode fixture 23 of sample holder one end, voltage electrode fixture 22 and one end of measured conductor are fixed, each galvanic electrode 23 jigs successively with conductor inner, middle and outer layer close contact, voltage electrode fixture 22 and outer single line close contact; According to the voltage electrode fixture 22 of the other end and the position of galvanic electrode fixture 23 on tested sample 4 length adjustment bases 23, then the voltage electrode fixture 22 of the electric bridge other end, galvanic electrode fixture 23 are fixed with the other end of measured conductor respectively, it is symmetrical fixing that electric bridge two ends are.
Step 3: connect double bridge 1 and each voltage electrode fixture 22 and galvanic electrode fixture 23, test according to conventional method of testing.
Step 4: read the distance between two voltage electrodes according to base scale 25, electric bridge 1 is tested shown resistance and be the resistance of this length lower conductor, then according to R=R
x* L obtains the resistance R of every kilometer of conductor.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.