CN103776240A - 单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置 - Google Patents

单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置 Download PDF

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CN103776240A
CN103776240A CN201410014031.2A CN201410014031A CN103776240A CN 103776240 A CN103776240 A CN 103776240A CN 201410014031 A CN201410014031 A CN 201410014031A CN 103776240 A CN103776240 A CN 103776240A
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nitrogen
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pipeline
rectifying column
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陈崇文
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Zhejiang Haichang Gas Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于制氮技术领域，涉及单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置，本发明在通用制氮设备上增加两套增压透平膨胀机，并在原增压机的进出口管道上设置有进口阀和出口阀，氮气和液氮出精馏塔管道上设置有压力调节阀，在精馏塔顶部得到的高纯氮气经过主换热器或经过主换热器及增压机后对外输出高纯氮气，高纯液氮经过液氮过冷器后对外输出液氮，优点是：本发明通过贮液分离罐顶部的通气管道上的两个阀门控制制冷量，可控制液氮的生产，采用双增压双膨胀系统产生更多的制冷量，将多余的气氮转换成液氮，从而实现气氮、液氮生产可调的目的，并通过出塔污氮气膨胀带动氮气增压，能耗低，适用于低能耗的气氮、液氮的生产。

Description

单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置
技术领域
本发明属于制氮技术领域，特指一种单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置。
背景技术
随着电子产业、冶金、医药、化工、新材料行业及石化行业等各行业飞速发展，对氮气产品的需求量越来越大，制取氮气的空分设备是耗能大户，由于长期运行，耗能量大，如何能有效降低能耗至关重要。目前一般的做法是部分膨胀，其余节流，膨胀机输出的功增压采用风机制动放空；液空不过冷或仅与部分流体简单换热过冷，设备调节固化不灵活，导致产品不足或富余排空浪费，采用这些方法和流程组织，空分设备的能耗高无法满足用户的要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能耗低且气氮、液氮生产可调的单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置，包括用管道连接的精馏塔、冷凝蒸发器、增压透平膨胀机、主换热器、液空过冷器、氮气过冷器，增压机的进出口管道上设置有进口阀和出口阀，氮气和液氮出精馏塔管道上设置有压力调节阀，所述的增压透平膨胀机为同轴连接的增压机及膨胀机，纯化空气依次通过管道送入ET2、ET3膨胀机并经主换热器换热，一部分冷却后直接送入精馏塔底部，另一部分从主换热器中部或底部抽出通过ET2膨胀机膨胀后的部分空气送入贮液分离罐，贮液分离罐内的液空送入精馏塔底部，贮液分离罐内的气体送入ET2膨胀机膨胀制冷，在精馏塔底部得到富氧液空，经液空过冷器及节流后送至冷凝蒸发器顶部，与精馏塔底部氮气换热获得液氮回流至精馏塔顶部作为精馏塔的回流液，在冷凝蒸发器低压侧顶部得到的污氮气送入到ET1膨胀机膨胀制冷，复热后的污氮气送入纯化系统，在精馏塔顶部得到高纯氮气，高纯氮气经过主换热器复热或经过主换热器复热及增压机增压后对外输出不同压力的高纯氮气，高纯液氮经过液氮过滤器后对外输出液氮。
上述对外输出的高纯氮气可通过第一级膨胀机增压端的进口阀、出口阀、氮气精馏塔管道上的压力调节阀调节对外输出氮气的压力。
上述纯化空气通过管道及管道上设置的阀门经主换热器换热后可直接送入精馏塔底部。
上述的贮液分离罐顶部连接精馏塔和主换热器的分支管路上设置的两个阀门控制制冷量，可控制液氮的生产。
上述的控制制冷量的阀门为：贮液分离罐顶部的通气管通过三通管分别与进入主换热器及精馏塔下部的管道连通，在三通管分别与主换热器及精馏塔下部连通的管道上均设置有调节阀门。
上述的贮液分离罐、精馏塔、冷凝蒸发器上均设置有液位计，所述增压机、膨胀机、贮液分离罐、精馏塔及冷凝蒸发器的连通管道上均设置有压力表。
本发明相比现有技术突出且有益的技术效果是：
1、本发明通过V4、V5两个阀门控制制冷量，可控制液氮的生产。
2、本发明通过出塔污氮气膨胀带动增压机A1、A3增压氮气，降低了整体塔压从而降低压缩机压力，继而使得整体能耗下降。
3、本发明采用双增压A2、A3双膨胀ET2、ET3系统产生更多的制冷量，将多余的气氮转换成液氮，从而实现气氮、液氮生产可调的目的。
4、本发明不仅能满足用户制取高纯氮气、高纯液氮的要求，整体能耗可大幅下降，气、液同时生产，经济效益可观，调节灵活可靠，具有经济效益最大化、增加投资最小化的特点，适用于低能耗的气氮、液氮的生产。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述，参见图1：
单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置，包括用管道连接的精馏塔C1、冷凝蒸发器K1、增压透平膨胀机、主换热器E1、液空过冷器E2、氮气过冷器E3，增压机A1的进出口管道5、2上设置有进口阀V1和出口阀V2，氮气和液氮出精馏塔K1管道8上设置有压力调节阀V3，所述的增压透平膨胀机为同轴连接的增压机及膨胀机（A1与ET1、A2与ET2、A3与ET3），纯化空气的一部分通过管道1及2通至精馏塔C1或经增压机A2、A3通至精馏塔C1，另一部分纯化空气依次通过管道1、2送入膨胀机ET2、ET3并经主换热器E1换热冷却，一部分冷却后直接送入精馏塔C1底部，膨胀机ET2膨胀后的部分空气送入贮液分离罐G1，贮液分离罐G1内的液空通过管道12送入精馏塔C1底部，贮液分离罐内的气体送入ET3膨胀机膨胀制冷，在精馏塔C1底部得到富氧液空，经液空过冷器E2及节流后送至冷凝蒸发器K1顶部，与精馏塔C1顶部氮气换热形成液氮回流至精馏塔C1顶部作为精馏塔C1的回流液，在冷凝蒸发器低压侧顶部得到的污氮气送入到ET1膨胀机膨胀制冷，复热后的污氮气送入纯化系统，在精馏塔C1顶部得到高纯氮气，高纯氮气经过管道9主换热器E1后经过管道15对外输出高纯氮气，或高纯氮气经过管道9、主换热器E1、管道5及增压机A1后经过管道3、15对外输出不同压力的高纯氮气，高纯液氮经过液氮过冷器E3后通过管道11对外输出液氮。
上述对外输出的高纯氮气可通过膨胀机ET1增压端的进口阀V1、出口阀V2、氮气精馏塔管道8上的压力调节阀V3调节对外输出氮气的压力，当客户需要高压力氮气产品时，关闭氮气出精馏塔C1管道上的压力调节阀V3，打开增压机A1进出口阀门V1、V2，氮气产品经过增压端增压后通过管道3、15送入供气管网；当客户需要低压力氮气产品时，打开氮气出精馏塔C1管道上的压力调节阀V3，关闭增压机进出口阀门V1、V2，产品氮气直接通过管道8、15送入供气管网。
上述纯化空气通过管道及管道上设置的阀门经主换热器换热后可直接送入精馏塔底部；当膨胀机故障时，关闭V10、V11、V5阀门，打开V12阀门，纯化空气经主换热器换热后送入精馏塔C1底部。
上述的贮液分离罐G1顶部连通精馏塔C1和主换热器E1的分支管路上设置的两个阀门V4、V5控制制冷量，可控制液氮的生产。
上述的控制制冷量的阀门为：贮液分离罐G1顶部的通气管通过三通管16、14、13分别与进入主换热器E1及精馏塔C1下部的管道连通，在三通管16、14、13分别与主换热器E1及精馏塔C1下部连通的管道上均设置有调节阀门V4、V5；并通过V5、V6两个阀门控制制冷量，控制液氮的生产。
上述的贮液分离罐G1、精馏塔C1、冷凝蒸发器K1上均设置有液位计，所述增压机A1、A2、A3、膨胀机ET1、ET2、ET3、贮液分离罐G1、精馏塔C1及冷凝蒸发器K1的连通管道上均设置有压力表。
本装置通过管道10、7、4及16、14、6、4对出精馏塔C1的污氮气膨胀增压氮气，降低了精馏塔C1的整体塔压从而降低压缩机压力，继而使得整体能耗下降，并采用了双增压双膨胀系统产生更多的制冷量，将多余的气氮转换成液氮。
上述实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本发明的保护范围，故：凡依本发明的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置，包括用管道连接的精馏塔、冷凝蒸发器、增压透平膨胀机、主换热器、液空过冷器、氮气过冷器，其特征在于：增压机的进出口管道上设置有进口阀和出口阀，氮气和液氮出精馏塔管道上设置有压力调节阀，所述的增压透平膨胀机为同轴连接的增压机及膨胀机，纯化空气依次通过管道送入ET2、ET3膨胀机并经主换热器换热，一部分冷却后直接送入精馏塔底部，另一部分从主换热器中部或底部抽出通过ET2膨胀机膨胀后的部分空气送入贮液分离罐，贮液分离罐内的液空送入精馏塔底部，贮液分离罐内的气体送入ET膨胀机膨胀制冷，在精馏塔底部得到富氧液空，经液空过冷器及节流后送至冷凝蒸发器顶部，冷凝蒸发器的液氮回流至精馏塔顶部作为精馏塔的回流液，在冷凝蒸发器低压侧顶部得到的污氮气送入到ET1膨胀机膨胀制冷，复热后的污氮气送入纯化系统，在精馏塔下塔顶部得到高纯氮气，高纯氮气经过主换热器复热或经过主换热器复热及增压机增压后对外输出不同压力的高纯氮气，高纯液氮经过液氮过滤器后对外输出液氮。
2.根据权利要求1所述的单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置，其特征在于：所述对外输出的高纯氮气可通过ET1膨胀机增压端的进口阀、出口阀、氮气出塔压力调节阀调节对外输出氮气的压力。
3.根据权利要求1所述的单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置，其特征在于：所述纯化空气通过管道及管道上设置的阀门经主换热器换热后可直接送入精馏塔底部。
4.根据权利要求1所述的单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置，其特征在于：所述的贮液分离罐顶部连接精馏塔和主换热器的分支管路上设置的两个阀门控制制冷量，可控制液氮的生产。
5.根据权利要求1—4任一项所述的单压缩双增压双膨胀高纯氮制取装置，其特征在于：所述的贮液分离罐、精馏塔、冷凝蒸发器上均设置有液位计，所述增压机、膨胀机、贮液分离罐、精馏塔及冷凝蒸发器的连通管道上均设置有压力表。
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