CN203848603U - 多功能制氮装置 - Google Patents

多功能制氮装置 Download PDF

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CN203848603U
CN203848603U CN201420020197.0U CN201420020197U CN203848603U CN 203848603 U CN203848603 U CN 203848603U CN 201420020197 U CN201420020197 U CN 201420020197U CN 203848603 U CN203848603 U CN 203848603U
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nitrogen
heat exchanger
main heat
liquid
supercharger
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陈崇文
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ZHEJIANG HAITIAN GAS CO Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
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    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
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    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
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    • F25J3/044—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a single pressure main column system only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/72—Refluxing the column with at least a part of the totally condensed overhead gas
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being nitrogen
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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Abstract

本实用新型属于制氮技术领域，涉及多功能制氮装置，纯化空气的一部分通过主换热器换热后通至精馏塔底部，另一部分纯化空气通过增压机增压后经主换热器换热冷却后送入ET2膨胀机膨胀制冷送入污氮管网，在精馏塔底部得到富氧液空，经液空过冷器及节流后送至冷凝蒸发器顶部，冷凝蒸发器的液氮回流至精馏塔顶部作为精馏塔的回流液，在冷凝蒸发器低压侧顶部得到的污氮气送入到ET1膨胀机膨胀制冷，复热后的污氮气送入纯化系统，在精馏塔顶部得到高纯氮气，高纯氮气经过主换热器复热或依次经过主换热器复热及增压机后对外输出高纯氮气，高纯液氮经过液氮过冷器后对外输出液氮，优点是：本实用新型的能耗低、提取率高、经济效益好，调节灵活可靠，适用于制气行业的制氮设备。

Description

多功能制氮装置
技术领域
本实用新型属于制氮技术领域，特指一种能大幅度降低能耗的制氮装置。
背景技术
随着电子产业、冶金、金属加工行业、化工、新材料行业及石化行业等各行业的飞速发展，对氮气产品的需求量越来越大，制取氮气的空分设备是耗能大户，由于长期运行，如何有效降低能耗至关重要。目前一般的做法是部分膨胀，其余节流，膨胀机输出的功用于增压并采用风机制动放空；液空不过冷或仅与部分流体简单换热过冷，设备调节不灵活，要不产量富余排空、要不产量不足要外购液氮补充保证生产，采用这些方法和流程组织，供电部门的供电量无法满足制氮用户空分设备的能耗要求。
发明内容
本实用新型的目的是提供一种多功能制氮装置。
本实用新型的目的是这样实现的：
多功能制氮装置，包括用管道连接的精馏塔、冷凝蒸发器、增压透平膨胀机、主换热器、液空过冷器、氮气过冷器，其特征在于：所述的增压透平膨胀机为同轴连接的增压机及膨胀机，纯化空气的一部分通过主换热器换热后通至精馏塔底部，另一部分纯化空气通过增压机增压后经主换热器换热冷却后送入ET2膨胀机膨胀制冷送入污氮管网，在精馏塔底部得到富氧液空，经液空过冷器及节流后送至冷凝蒸发器顶部，冷凝蒸发器的液氮回流至精馏塔顶部作为精馏塔的回流液，在冷凝蒸发器低压侧顶部得到的污氮气送入到ET1膨胀机膨胀制冷，复热后的污氮气送入纯化系统，在精馏塔下塔顶部得到高纯氮气，高纯氮气经过主换热器复热或依次经过主换热器复热及增压机后对外输出高纯氮气，高纯液氮经过液氮过冷器后对外输出液氮。
上述对外输出的高纯氮气可通过增压机两端的进口阀、出口阀、氮气出塔压力调节阀调节对外输出氮气的压力。
上述纯化空气与主换热器及与增压机连通的管道上均设置有阀门，调节纯化空气与主换热器及与增压机连通的管道上的阀门开度可调节对外输出的液氮量。
上述的精馏塔、冷凝蒸发器上均设置有液位计，所述增压机、膨胀机、精馏塔及冷凝蒸发器的连通管道上均设置有压力表。
本实用新型相比现有技术突出且有益的技术效果是：
本实用新型通过出塔污氮气膨胀增压氮气，降低了整体塔压从而降低压缩机压力，继而使得整体能耗下降，以及液空被膨胀污氮气和氮气等各种冷流体换热过冷后，降低空气的含湿量，提高了提取率，并采用了正流膨胀产生更多的制冷量，能有效的控制压缩机负荷，增加负荷时气量增加，通过空气增压膨胀制冷，将多余的气氮转换成液氮，能满足用户制取高纯氮气、高纯液氮的要求，。同时通过增压机进口阀、增压机出口阀、氮气出塔压力调节阀这3个阀门之间的切换，实现了对氮气管网压力的调节，通过空气进增压机阀门V1、空气进精馏塔阀门V2实现了控制液氮生产的产量，从而实现了既能生产高纯氮气也能生产高纯液氮的生产目的，整体能耗可降低15%以上，由于有两台增压透平膨胀机，避免了因一台增压透平膨胀机故障而影响生产，经济效益可观，调节灵活可靠，适用于制气行业的制氮设备。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以具体实施例对本实用新型作进一步描述，参见图1：
多功能制氮装置，包括用管道连接的精馏塔C1、冷凝蒸发器K1、增压透平膨胀机、主换热器E1、液空过冷器E2、氮气过冷器E3，所述的增压透平膨胀机为同轴连接的增压机及膨胀机（A1与ET1、A2与ET2），两个增压机A1、A2及两个膨胀机ET1、ET2形成两级增压膨胀装置，纯化空气的一部分通过主换热器E1换热后通至精馏塔C1底部，另一部分纯化空气通过增压机A2增压，增压后的纯化空气经主换热器换热冷却后送入ET2膨胀机膨胀制冷送入污氮管网，在精馏塔C1底部得到富氧液空，富氧液空经液空过冷器E2及节流后送至冷凝蒸发器K1顶部，冷凝蒸发器K1的液氮回流至精馏塔C1顶部作为回流液，在冷凝蒸发器低压侧顶部得到的污氮气送入到ET1膨胀机膨胀制冷，复热后的污氮气送入纯化系统，在精馏塔C1顶部得到高纯氮气，高纯氮气经过主换热器E1或依次经过主换热器E1及增压机A1后对外输出高纯氮气，高纯液氮经过液氮过滤器E3后对外输出液氮。
上述对外输出的高纯氮气可通过增压机A1两端的进口阀V4、出口阀V5、氮气出塔压力调节阀V3调节对外输出氮气的压力。
上述纯化空气与主换热器E1及与增压机A2连通的管道上均设置有阀门V2、V1，调节纯化空气与主换热器E1及与增压机连通的管道上的阀门V2、V1的开度可调节对外输出的液氮量。
上述的精馏塔C1、冷凝蒸发器K1上均设置有液位计，所述增压机A1、A2、膨胀机ET1、ET2、精馏塔C1及冷凝蒸发器K1的连通管道上均设置有压力表。
上述实施例仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本实用新型的保护范围，故：凡依本实用新型的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.多功能制氮装置，包括用管道连接的精馏塔、冷凝蒸发器、增压透平膨胀机、主换热器、液空过冷器、氮气过冷器，其特征在于：所述的增压透平膨胀机为同轴连接的增压机及膨胀机，纯化空气的一部分通过主换热器换热后通至精馏塔底部，另一部分纯化空气通过增压机增压后经主换热器换热冷却后送入膨胀机膨胀制冷送入污氮管网，在精馏塔底部得到富氧液空，经液空过冷器及节流后送至冷凝蒸发器顶部，冷凝蒸发器的液氮回流至精馏塔顶部作为精馏塔的回流液，在冷凝蒸发器低压侧顶部得到的污氮气送入到膨胀机膨胀制冷，复热后的污氮气送入纯化系统，在精馏塔顶部得到高纯氮气，高纯氮气经过主换热器复热或依次经过主换热器复热及增压机后对外输出高纯氮气，高纯液氮经过液氮过冷器后对外输出液氮。 
2.根据权利要求1所述的多功能制氮装置，其特征在于：所述对外输出的高纯氮气可通过增压机两端的进口阀、出口阀、氮气出塔压力调节阀调节对外输出氮气的压力。 
3.根据权利要求1所述的多功能制氮装置，其特征在于：所述纯化空气与主换热器及与第二增压机连通的管道上均设置有阀门，调节纯化空气与主换热器及与增压机连通的管道上的阀门开度可调节对外输出的液氮量。 
4.根据权利要求1—3任一项所述的多功能制氮装置，其特征在于：所述的精馏塔、冷凝蒸发器上均设置有液位计，所述增压机、膨胀机、精馏塔及冷凝蒸发器的连通管道上均设置有压力表。 
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103776239A (zh) * 2014-01-13 2014-05-07 浙江海天气体有限公司 多功能制氮装置
CN104390427A (zh) * 2014-10-21 2015-03-04 杭州福斯达实业集团有限公司 高低温双膨胀节能型制氮装置及制氮方法
CN114739117A (zh) * 2022-04-22 2022-07-12 杭州制氧机集团股份有限公司 一种使用单个精馏塔生产纯氮的装置及其使用方法

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103776239A (zh) * 2014-01-13 2014-05-07 浙江海天气体有限公司 多功能制氮装置
CN104390427A (zh) * 2014-10-21 2015-03-04 杭州福斯达实业集团有限公司 高低温双膨胀节能型制氮装置及制氮方法
CN104390427B (zh) * 2014-10-21 2017-01-18 杭州福斯达深冷装备股份有限公司 高低温双膨胀节能型制氮装置及制氮方法
CN114739117A (zh) * 2022-04-22 2022-07-12 杭州制氧机集团股份有限公司 一种使用单个精馏塔生产纯氮的装置及其使用方法
CN114739117B (zh) * 2022-04-22 2023-08-25 杭氧集团股份有限公司 一种使用单个精馏塔生产纯氮的装置及其使用方法

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