CN103776026A - Device and method for reducing high-temperature corrosion of power station boiler by use of waste heat of flue gas - Google Patents

Device and method for reducing high-temperature corrosion of power station boiler by use of waste heat of flue gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103776026A
CN103776026A CN201410034161.2A CN201410034161A CN103776026A CN 103776026 A CN103776026 A CN 103776026A CN 201410034161 A CN201410034161 A CN 201410034161A CN 103776026 A CN103776026 A CN 103776026A
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air
flue gas
heat exchanger
oil
air preheater
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CN103776026B (en
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向文国
徐民
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for reducing high-temperature corrosion of a power station boiler by use of waste heat of flue gas. The device is additionally provided with a flue gas-air heat exchanger, an indirect-type air preheater, a Roots blower, a corresponding flue gas pipeline and a corresponding air pipeline. The method has the following flow path: one part of flue gas enters the flue gas-air heat exchanger before the flue gas enters the air preheater, the other part of the flue gas enters the air preheater to heat primary air and secondary air, the flue gas exhausted from the flue gas-air heat exchanger enters a gas flue at the outlet of the air preheater, and two flows of the flue gas are mixed and enter the indirect type air preheater; the indirect type air preheater is composed of a flue gas-air heat exchanger and an air-oil heat exchanger and utilizes conduction oil as a medium to achieve heat exchange of flue gas and air; the heated air in the flue gas-air heat exchanger, used as combustion air, enters a hearth from a side wall of a boiler burner so as to ensure that an oxidizing atmosphere is formed in a side wall combustion zone, and high temperature corrosion of a water cooled wall of the side wall is reduced or alleviated.

Description

A kind of device and method that utilizes fume afterheat to reduce station boiler high temperature corrosion
Technical field
The invention belongs to station boiler anticorrosion field, relate to a kind of device and method that utilizes fume afterheat to reduce station boiler high temperature corrosion.
Background technology
Under cryogenic conditions, the Fe in water-cooling wall pipe can be oxidized, but speed is very slow, and oxide is form compact and stable iron oxide, forms and prevents the further protective layer of oxidation of Fe.The oxide of metallic iron may have different structures, wherein Fe 2o 3more stable, be combined tightr with pipe; Magnetic oxide Fe 3o 4(FeOFe 2o 3) slightly inferior, FeO is wherein more loose, easily comes off.In general, when tube temperature is below 300 ℃, corrosion rate is very low.
The high temperature corrosion of furnace wall cooling is under hot conditions, when the corrosivity medium that sulfurous fuels when burning produces contacts with high-temperature water cold wall pipe, changes the iron-based body change of pipe into FeS, or and then changes FeO into.These product quality are loose, can not stop the further reaction of iron-based body.Affect the factor of water wall high temperature corrosion, have atmosphere and flow field, the water-cooling wall temperature etc. of burning in fuel quality (particularly coal-fired sulfur content, chlorinty etc.), stove.Fuel sulfur-bearing is the key factor that causes water-wall corrosion, and sulfur content is higher, and high temperature corrosion is more serious.It is the major reason of water-cooling wall generation high temperature corrosion that in stove or partial combustion district exists reducing atmosphere.Fluid field in furnace organizes the nearly wall burning of bad generation coal dust or coal dust to whitewash a wall can accelerate the high temperature corrosion of water-cooling wall.
Power station opposed firing arranges that the high temperature corrosion of boiler usually occurs on side water wall, and this adopts turbulent burner when being mainly because adopting front and back wall cross collocation, but a wind does not rotate.Therefore, in the time that a wind wind speed is larger, the collision mutually of a wind of front-back wall, causes breeze airflow to rush at side water wall, and coal dust burns near side water wall, and temperature is higher and may wash away water-cooling wall, makes side water wall generation high temperature corrosion.
The speed that reduces a wind is conducive to the stable of the interior coal dust firing of stove, slightly can alleviate the high temperature corrosion of both walls simultaneously, but can not fundamentally solve the High Temperature Corrosion of this stove.The swirl strength that increases inner second air is conducive to catching fire in advance and smooth combustion of coal dust, and increase inner second air amount can cause catching fire and postpone and coal dust burn-off rate variation.For the high temperature corrosion of opposed firing boiler side water wall, can adopt the method for adherent wind to prevent.Increase adherent wind at boiler side wall and can reduce the temperature at side water wall place, improve region reducing atmosphere and prevent that coal dust from whitewashing a wall.Can effectively reduce the high temperature corrosion of side water wall.
Summary of the invention
technical problem:the invention provides the fume afterheat that utilizes that a kind ofly reduces the possibility of water-cooling wall of power boiler generation high temperature corrosion, rationally utilizes the gas energy of station boiler, reduces the input of institute energy requirement as far as possible and reduce the device of station boiler high temperature corrosion, provide a kind of fume afterheat that utilizes based on this device to reduce the method for station boiler high temperature corrosion simultaneously.
technical scheme:the device that utilizes fume afterheat to reduce station boiler high temperature corrosion of the present invention, the indirect type air preheater that comprises air preheater, is connected with air preheater, the blower fan being connected with the flue gas-air heat exchanger of air preheater parallel connection, with flue gas-air heat exchanger air intlet.
Indirect type air preheater comprises flue gas-oil heat exchanger, circulating pump, air-oil heat exchanger and expansion slot, and flue gas-oil heat exchanger heat conduction oil circuit is communicated with by circulating pump with the heat conduction oil circuit of air-oil heat exchanger, forms heat transfer oil circulation loop; The heat conduction oil circuit that expansion slot is arranged on flue gas-oil heat exchanger exports on thermal conductive oil pipeline afterwards; On flue gas-oil heat exchanger, be provided with gas approach and exhanst gas outlet, gas approach is communicated with the exhanst gas outlet of air preheater and flue gas-air heat exchanger simultaneously, on air-oil heat exchanger, be provided with air intlet and air outlet slit, air outlet slit is connected with the air intlet of air preheater.
The method of utilizing fume afterheat to reduce station boiler high temperature corrosion of the present invention, based on said apparatus, idiographic flow is:
The flue gas of discharging from economizer exhaust outlet is divided into two-way, and a road enters air preheater, and another road enters flue gas-air heat exchanger, and two-way flue gas is discharged through heat exchange, enters the flue gas-oil heat exchanger in indirect type air preheater after mixing, after release heat, discharges.Through circulating pump boost carry conduction oil in heat-exchanging loop, circulate; conduction oil heats up absorb the heat of flue gas in flue gas-oil heat exchanger after; enter release heat in air-oil heat exchanger; wind and Secondary Air are shifted to an earlier date to preheating; expansion slot, as protective device, guarantees the normal operation of heater in the situations such as startup, variable working condition.
Wind and Secondary Air, after flue gas-oil heat exchanger shifts to an earlier date preheating, enter after being heated to rated temperature in air preheater and are delivered to burner hearth; Blower fan is conveyed into air in flue gas-air heat exchanger, absorbs after the heat of flue gas release, through delivering into burner hearth.
In the inventive method, blower fan is conveyed into air in flue gas-air heat exchanger, absorbs after the heat of flue gas release, enters burner hearth from the side wall at power station boiler burner position.This part air enters burner hearth from side wall, as combustion air, guarantees side walls combustion zone oxidizing atmosphere, reduces the possibility of side water wall generation high temperature corrosion.
Wind of entrance and Secondary Air were introduced into air-oil heat exchanger before entering air preheater, and at air-oil heat exchanger place, higher wind of entrance, the Secondary Air of heating of conduction oil temperature, realizes the preheating in advance of wind and Secondary Air.Conduction oil circulates between flue gas-oil heat exchanger and air-oil heat exchanger.Subsequently, wind and Secondary Air enter air preheater, are heated to rated temperature.Wind and Secondary Air shift to an earlier date preheating by the lower flue gas of temperature and can displace the flue gas that temperature is higher and recycled.
While needing blower fan that more air is provided, increase the exhaust gas volumn of shunting before air preheater, in order to guarantee the constant of wind and Secondary Air temperature, can improve accordingly the rotating speed of circulating pump, improve the heat-transfer effect of indirect type air preheater; When the air that need to provide reduces, method is identical, reduces the exhaust gas volumn of shunting, and reduces the rotating speed of circulating pump, reduces the exchange capability of heat of indirect type air preheater.
Wind and Secondary Air were shifted to an earlier date preheating by indirect type air preheater before entering air preheater, substantially under the prerequisite remaining unchanged in wind of air preheater outlet and Secondary Air temperature, can displace the flue gas that temperature is higher, realize the displacement of the energy of different grades; The energy cementing out adopts the mode of flue gas shunting to utilize, and this partial fume was shunted before entering air preheater, and flue-gas temperature is high, energy grade is high, shunting flue gas out enters flue gas-air heat exchanger subsequently, the air that heating is provided by blower fan, and can be heated to higher temperature; Thus, both can guarantee that wind, a Secondary Air had stationary temperature, and can utilize again the fume afterheat heating of recovery for reducing the air of high-temperature corrosion in boiler.
beneficial effect:the present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages:
In the present invention, provide extra air by blower fan, heated in flue gas-air heat exchanger, enter burner hearth burner hearth from the side wall at power station boiler burner position afterwards.Enter after burner hearth, this part air, as combustion air, guarantees side walls combustion zone oxidizing atmosphere, reduces the possibility of side water wall generation high temperature corrosion.This device has increased indirect type air preheater, flue gas-air heat exchanger and blower fan and corresponding pipeline, and flue gas, air flow process are simple; In method of operating, need to shunt flue gas, method of operating is relatively simple, and apparatus and method can simply effectively realize the reduction of high temperature corrosion whereby.
The present invention adopts the good indirect type air preheater of heat-transfer effect to reduce exhaust gas temperature.From device, indirect type air preheater floor space is little, and heat-transfer effect is good; From method of operating, change circulating pump rotating speed rapidly convenient, can adapt to preferably variable parameter operation.
In indirect type air preheater, owing to there being heat transfer temperature difference, conduction oil temperature, higher than wind of entrance and Secondary Air, has improved the wall surface temperature of flue gas-oil heat exchanger, can effectively reduce the possibility of flue gas-oil heat exchanger generation cold end corrosion.
Wind and Secondary Air were shifted to an earlier date preheating by indirect type air preheater before entering air preheater, substantially under the prerequisite remaining unchanged in wind of air preheater outlet and Secondary Air temperature, can displace the flue gas that temperature is higher, realize the displacement of the energy of different grades; The energy cementing out adopts the mode of flue gas shunting to utilize, and this partial fume was shunted before entering air preheater, and flue-gas temperature is high, energy grade is high, shunting flue gas out enters flue gas-air heat exchanger subsequently, the air that heating is provided by blower fan, and can be heated to higher temperature; Device and method of operating, both can guarantee that wind, a Secondary Air had stationary temperature whereby, can utilize again the fume afterheat heating of recovery for reducing the air of high-temperature corrosion in boiler, realized the cascade utilization of energy.
This device can be realized flexible indirect type air preheater and combine regulative mode with flue gas-air high-temperature heat-exchanging, while needing blower fan that more air is provided, increase the exhaust gas volumn of shunting before air preheater, in order to guarantee the constant of wind and Secondary Air temperature, can improve accordingly the rotating speed of circulating pump, improve the heat-transfer effect of indirect type air preheater; When the air that need to provide reduces, principle is identical, reduces the exhaust gas volumn of shunting, and reduces the rotating speed of circulating pump, reduces the exchange capability of heat of indirect type air preheater.
In addition, the needed heat of combustion air that heating enters burner hearth from burner region side wall can be provided by fume afterheat.Apparatus and method can reduce exhaust gas temperature whereby, improve boiler energy utilization ratio; Reduce burner hearth high temperature corrosion, improve boiler safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
In figure, have: burner hearth 1, flue gas-air heat exchanger 2, blower fan 3, flue gas-oil heat exchanger 4, circulating pump 5, air-oil heat exchanger 6, expansion slot 7, air preheater 8, air A, flue gas B, air C, flue gas D.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and embodiment, the present invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
The device that utilizes fume afterheat to reduce station boiler high temperature corrosion of the present invention, the indirect type air preheater that comprises air preheater 8, is connected with air preheater 8, the blower fan 3 being connected with the flue gas-air heat exchanger 2 of air preheater 8 parallel connections, with the air intlet of flue gas-air heat exchanger 2.This device has increased indirect type air preheater, flue gas-air heat exchanger 2 and blower fan 3 and corresponding pipeline newly than former flue gas, air flow process.
Indirect type air preheater comprises flue gas-oil heat exchanger 4, circulating pump 5, air-oil heat exchanger 6 and expansion slot 7, and flue gas-oil heat exchanger 4 heat conduction oil circuits are communicated with by circulating pump 5 with the heat conduction oil circuit of air-oil heat exchanger 6, forms heat-exchanging loop; On thermal conductive oil pipeline after flue gas-oil heat exchanger, be provided with expansion slot 7, expansion slot 7, as safety guard, guarantees the safe operation of heater in the situations such as startup, variable working condition; On flue gas-oil heat exchanger, be provided with gas approach and exhanst gas outlet, gas approach is communicated with the exhanst gas outlet of air preheater 8 and flue gas-air heat exchanger 2 simultaneously, on air-oil heat exchanger 6, be provided with air intlet and air outlet slit, air outlet slit is connected with the air intlet of air preheater 8.
The high-temperature flue gas of 360 ℃ of left and right of flue gas of discharging from economizer exhaust outlet is divided into two-way, one tunnel enters air preheater 8, another road enters flue gas-air heat exchanger 2, the flue gas share that enters flue gas-air heat exchanger 2 is approximately 17%, two-way flue gas is discharged through heat exchange, after mixing, enter the flue gas-oil heat exchanger 4 in indirect type air preheater, after release heat, discharge flue gas discharge temperature and be approximately 130 ℃, declined 20 ℃ than the exhaust gas temperature of former 150 ℃ of left and right; In flue gas-oil heat exchanger, through circulating pump 5, the heat transfer medium conduction oil boosting absorbs the heat of flue gas, heats up, and is connected with expansion slot 7 on high temperature heat conductive oil pipeline, and high temperature heat conductive oil enters air-oil heat exchanger 6.
Its course of work is divided into following three aspects:
1) temperature-fall period of flue gas.Only in air preheater, lower the temperature differently from conventional flue gas, flue gas cool-down process occurs in the indirect type air preheater at air preheater in parallel 8 and flue gas-air heat exchanger 2 and rear portion in the present invention.Flue gas D was split into two parts before entering air preheater 8, and about 17% flue gas enters gas-air heater 2, and all the other enter air preheater 8; The additional air and the wind Secondary Air that are provided by blower fan 3 are provided respectively, and reduce its outlet temperature of temperature and be respectively 240 ℃ and 190 ℃.The flue gas of different temperatures is mixed into the flue gas-oil heat exchanger 4 in indirect type air preheater subsequently, and heating conduction oil, reduces the temperature to 130 ℃, enters subsequently follow-up flue gas processing device.The installation of indirect type air preheater has made up because the amount of flue gas emission for adding heat primary air, Secondary Air reduces the heat release deficiency causing.
2) heating process of wind, Secondary Air.The external world is approximately the air of 20 ℃ and first enters the air-oil heat exchanger 6 in indirect type air preheater as wind, a Secondary Air respectively, absorb the heat that conduction oil discharges, realize preheating in advance, temperature reaches 75 ℃, enter subsequently air preheater 8, continue heated temperature and reach 310 ℃.Indirect type air preheater has increased the heat exchange area of flue gas and wind, Secondary Air, and heat transfer efficiency is higher, can effectively make up the deficiency of exhaust gas volumn, and wind, a Secondary Air are heated to the assigned temperature that meets hearth combustion requirement.
3) heating process of the additional air being provided by blower fan 3.Heating the needed heat of this part air is provided by fume afterheat.General exhaust gas temperature is lower, can not be by air heat to the temperature that meets hearth combustion requirement, therefore in the present invention, adopt the method for energy replacement, increase indirect type is the lower flue gas temperature of temperature minimum wind of entrance, Secondary Air for air preheater, displace the flue gas that temperature is higher, the additional air that heating blower 3 provides in flue gas-air heat exchanger.
After above three processes, realize respectively the reduction of exhaust gas temperature, wind, the preheating of Secondary Air and a heating for the additional air that blower fan 3 provides.It is 310 ℃ that wind that air preheater 8 exports and Secondary Air temperature remain unchanged substantially, and exhaust gas temperature is reduced to 130 ℃ by 150 ℃.
The air being provided by blower fan 3 enters burner hearth from side wall, as combustion air, guarantees side walls combustion zone oxidizing atmosphere, reduces the possibility of side water wall generation high temperature corrosion.
Indirect type air preheater is combined regulative mode with flue gas-air high-temperature heat-exchanging flexible, while needing blower fan 3 that more air is provided, increase the exhaust gas volumn of shunting before air preheater 8, in order to guarantee the constant of wind and Secondary Air temperature, can improve accordingly the rotating speed of circulating pump 5, improve the heat-transfer effect of indirect type air preheater; When the air that need to provide reduces, method is identical, reduces the exhaust gas volumn of shunting, and reduces the rotating speed of circulating pump 5, reduces the exchange capability of heat of indirect type air preheater.
Embodiment 2:
Utilize fume afterheat to reduce the method for station boiler high temperature corrosion, flue gas is discharged rear portion from economizer and is entered flue gas-air heat exchanger 2 by shunting, and another part enters air preheater 8.Enter the flue gas of flue gas-air heat exchanger 2 from the air of blower fan 3.Flue gas imports the flue after air preheater 8 from flue gas-air heat exchanger 2 is discharged.Flue gas enters the flue gas-oil heat exchanger 4 in indirect type air preheater subsequently, heating conduction oil.Conduction oil is driven by circulating pump 5, between flue gas-oil heat exchanger 4 and air-oil heat exchanger 6, circulates.Conduction oil heat release in air-oil heat exchanger 6, the temperature of raising wind of entrance and Secondary Air.Expansion slot 7, as safety device, guarantees the normal operation of heater in the situations such as startup, variable working condition.
In order to reduce the high temperature corrosion of burner hearth, extra portion of air is provided by blower fan 3, this part air enters flue gas-air heat exchanger 2 and absorbs shunting flue gas liberated heat, be heated to secondary air temperature or higher temperature, enter burner hearth from tangential firing boiler-burner region afterwards, as combustion air, guarantee burner region oxidizing atmosphere, reduce the possibility that high temperature corrosion occurs.

Claims (2)

1. a device that utilizes fume afterheat to reduce station boiler high temperature corrosion, it is characterized in that the indirect type air preheater that this device comprises air preheater (8), be connected with described air preheater (8), the flue gas-air heat exchanger (2) in parallel with air preheater (8), the blower fan (3) being connected with described flue gas-air heat exchanger (2) air intlet;
Described indirect type air preheater comprises flue gas-oil heat exchanger (4), circulating pump (5), air-oil heat exchanger (6) and expansion slot (7), the heat conduction oil circuit of described flue gas-oil heat exchanger (4) is communicated with by circulating pump (5) with the heat conduction oil circuit of air-oil heat exchanger (6), form heat transfer oil circulation loop, the heat conduction oil circuit that described expansion slot (7) is arranged on flue gas-oil heat exchanger (4) exports on heat transfer oil circulation loop afterwards; Flue gas-oil heat exchanger is provided with gas approach and exhanst gas outlet on (4), described gas approach is communicated with the exhanst gas outlet of air preheater (8) and flue gas-air heat exchanger (2) simultaneously, air-oil heat exchanger is provided with air intlet and air outlet slit on (6), and described air outlet slit is connected with the air intlet of air preheater (8).
2. utilize fume afterheat to reduce a method for station boiler high temperature corrosion, it is characterized in that, the method is based on device claimed in claim 1, and idiographic flow is:
The flue gas of discharging from economizer exhaust outlet is divided into two-way, one tunnel enters air preheater (8), and another road enters flue gas-air heat exchanger (2), and two-way flue gas is discharged through heat exchange, after mixing, enter the flue gas-oil heat exchanger (4) in indirect type air preheater, after release heat, discharge;
Through circulating pump (5) boost carry conduction oil in heat-exchanging loop, circulate, conduction oil heats up absorb the heat of flue gas in flue gas-oil heat exchanger (4) after, enter release heat in air-oil heat exchanger, wind and Secondary Air are shifted to an earlier date to preheating, expansion slot (7), as protective device, guarantees the normal operation of heater in the situations such as startup, variable working condition;
A described wind and Secondary Air, after in advance preheating of flue gas-oil heat exchanger (4), enter after being heated to rated temperature in air preheater (8) and are delivered to burner hearth; Blower fan (3) is conveyed into air in flue gas-air heat exchanger (2), absorbs after the heat of flue gas release, through delivering into burner hearth.
CN201410034161.2A 2014-01-24 2014-01-24 A kind of device and method utilizing fume afterheat to reduce high-temperature corrosion of power station boiler Expired - Fee Related CN103776026B (en)

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CN110068010A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-07-30 河南省锅炉压力容器安全检测研究院 A kind of adherent wind adding set of Opposite Firing Boiler side wall
CN110500609A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-26 润电能源科学技术有限公司 A kind of boiler waste heat utilization system

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