CN1037687C - 抗基体树脂热氧化交联的液晶共聚酯的制备方法 - Google Patents
抗基体树脂热氧化交联的液晶共聚酯的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明采用对羟基苯甲酸、对苯二甲酸、间苯二酚和4,4′-二羟二苯酮及它们的衍生物为单体,以Zn(OAc)2/Sb2O3复合催化剂,也可用草酸钛钾单一催化剂,通过熔融直接缩聚方法制得四元为主的多元聚酯液晶高分子;将所合成的共聚酯液晶与基体树脂高温共混可产生抑制氧化交联作用,其凝胶量可从基体树脂的98%降至到共混物的40%左右。
Description
本发明属于具有抗基体树脂高温热氧化交联的液晶共聚酯的制备方法。
H.R.Dike等人(DE.3,415,530)由对羟基苯甲酸或其衍生物(50~80mol%),对苯二酚和/或4,4′-二羟基联苯(15~48mol%),3(或4),4′-二羟基二苯酮(2~30mol%)和间苯二甲酸/对苯二甲酸(按一定的摩尔比,其中对苯二甲酸≤30%),在170~320℃,Mg(OAc)2/Sb2O3催化下制得多元热致液晶共聚酯。他们所合成的液晶共聚酯普遍熔融温度较高(≥310℃),熔体粘度也较大。
G.Kiss在Polym.Eng.Sci.,27,410(1987)中,公开了以液晶高分子与其它高分子,如PES,Nylon,PC,PET,ABS等,共混组成原位复合材料,在改善树脂加工性能方面做了许多工作。
本发明的目的是采用对羟基苯甲酸、对苯二甲酸、间苯二酚和4,4′-二羟二苯酮及它们的衍生物为单体原料,在Zn(OAc)2/Sb2O3复合催化体系或单一催化剂草酸钛钾的催化作用下,通过熔融直接缩聚方法制得四元为主的多元聚酯液晶高分子,并将所合成的共聚酯液晶与基体树脂共混组成原位复合材料。
本系列多元液晶高分子是一类带侧基或不带侧基的全芳结构无规共聚酯,其结构式为;R=H,CH3
本发明采用对羟基苯甲酸、对苯二甲酸、间苯二酚和4,4′-二羟二苯酮及其衍生物,以Zn(OAc)2/Sb2O3复合催化体系或草酸钛钾催化下,在150~300℃温度范围内,经直接熔融缩聚4~8hr,再经250~280℃/66~660Pa真空条件下后聚合5~20hr,制得四元为主的多元共聚酯;对羟基苯甲酸摩尔百分含量10~70%,间苯二酚/4,4′-二羟基二苯酮为5~95%/95~5%,对苯二甲酸与芳香二酚的摩尔比为1∶1,催化剂用量为单体总重量的0.03~0.5%,Zn(OAc)2/Sb2O3为1∶1~2∶5(重量比)。产物收率为94~98%;所得共聚酯液晶高分子与酚酞侧基聚芳醚砜(PES-C),酚酞侧基聚芳醚酮(PEK-C)在320~400℃下共混6~20min,该液晶共聚酯含量为树脂重量的1.0~20%,凝胶量可从基体树脂的98%降至到共混物的40%左右,明显地产生抑制基体树脂的高温热氧化交联作用。
该系列液晶共聚酯,通过调节组成可制得不同Tg和Tm的系列产物,适用于与不同种类和不同耐热等级的树脂共混,制成液晶复合材料。
其中一些产物具有很高的机械性能,可用于制成自增强材料。另外该系列一些液晶高分子与其它高性能树脂PES-C,PEK-C共混,高温加工时能够抑制基体树脂的热氧化交联,并保持良好的流动性,因此树脂的加工温度拓宽20~30℃,提高树脂高温加工的热稳定性。所以该液晶材料既可直接做为基体树脂的加工热氧化交联抑制剂、加工改性剂,又可作为无纤增强材料,制得各种高性能原位复合材料。抑制基体树脂热氧化交联是该类液晶高分子特殊作用的最新发现。
本发明提供的实施例如下:
实施例1:
在装有机械搅拌,N2入口和出口、冷凝器和水分离器的250ml三口瓶中,加入对羟基苯甲酸15.4694g(0.112mol),对苯二甲酸9.3038g(0.056mol),间苯二酚4.9329g(0.0448mol)和4,4′-二羟基二苯酮2.3993g(0.0112mol),Zn(OAc)20.02g,Sb2O30.025g,醋酸酐30ml,通N2约10min后将反应瓶直接浸入到预热到200℃的盐浴中,N2保护下,缓慢升温(10℃/15min)至250℃,蒸出醋酸、多余的醋酐和水分等约25ml,继续升温(20℃/15min)至300℃,保持1h后,此刻馏出物几乎不能被收集到,在66Pa下减压抽空20min,冷却到室温,取出,粉碎,再在260℃/66Pa条件下后缩聚8hr。所得聚酯收率为96%,产物略带浅褐色,产物具有相当大的韧性,可拉成强度较高的纤维。产物熔点(Tm)280℃,分解温度(Td)为420℃。产物共聚酯从室温到部分分解在偏光显微镜下都能观察到明显的双折射向列型液晶的彩色图案。熔体粘度3.3×102Pa(剪切速率为1.0s-1)。
实施例2:
采用例1的反应器,加入对羟基苯甲酸15.4694g(0.112mol),对苯二甲酸9.3038g(0.056mol),间苯二酚2.4665g(0.0224mol)和4,4′-二羟二苯酮7.1977g(0.0336mol),Zn(OAc)20.015g,Sb2O30.025g,醋酸酐30ml。反应条件同实施例1,得到浅棕色产物,收率96%,Tg140℃,Tm294℃,Td440℃。产物共聚酯从室温到部分分解在偏光显微镜下都能观察到明显的双折射向列型液晶的彩色图案。熔体粘度4.0×102Pa(剪切速率为1.0s-1)。
实施例3:
反应条件同实施例1,对羟基苯甲酸7.7347g(0.056mol),对苯二甲酸9.3038g(0.056mol),间苯二酚2.4665g(0.0224mol)和2-甲基-4,4′-二羟二苯酮7.7115g(0.0336mol),Zn(OAc)20.01g,Sb2O30.01g,其它条件均同实施例1。产物收率为94%,颜色较深,Tg110℃,Tm265℃,Td396℃,在偏光显微镜下也没有观察到清亮点温度(Ti)。
实施例4:
反应条件同实施例1,只改变催化体系为草酸钛钾0.03g得到具有相当强度可成纤的浅棕色产物收率96%,Tg130℃,Tm275℃,Td426℃。偏光显微镜观察结果与例1相似。熔体粘度3.2×102Pa(剪切速率为1.0s-1)。
实施例5:
用4,4′-二羟基二苯砜2.8024g(0.0112mol)代替间苯二酚,其它物料和反应条件同实施例1。收率为94%的深褐色产物,韧性较差,产物Tm320℃,Td460℃。剪切试样在偏光显微镜下比其它系列更易观察到十分明显的条带结构,涂膜与盖玻片的亲合力较弱。
实施例6:
取28.5g带有酚钛侧基的聚芳醚酮,与1.5g实施例1所得的液晶共聚酯共混,在360℃条件下,空气气氛中混炼15min,仍处于熔融态,冷后凝固在辊子上,而纯聚芳醚酮也在相同条件下熔炼只8min就被磨成不会再熔化的粉末,然后分别测熔炼物的凝胶含量,纯聚芳醚酮的凝胶量>98%,而含液晶共聚酯的共混物凝胶量≤66%。
实施例7:
聚29.25g具有酚酞侧基的聚芳醚砜,加入0.75g实施例4所得的液晶共聚酯共混,在400℃氮气保护下混炼10min。现象与实施例6相似。测定相同条件下混炼的共混物和纯树脂的凝胶含量,共混物的凝胶量为48%,纯树脂的凝胶量为95%。
Claims (2)
1.一种抗基体树脂高温热氧化交联的液晶共聚酯的制备方法,其特征在于采用对羟基苯甲酸、对苯二甲酸、间苯二酚和4,4′-二羟二苯酮及其衍生物,以Zn(OAc)2/Sb2O3复合催化体系或草酸钛钾催化下,在150~300℃温度范围内,经直接熔融缩聚4~8hr,再经250~280℃/66~660Pa真空条件下后聚合5~20hr,制得四元为主的多元共聚酯;对羟基苯甲酸摩尔百分含量10~70%,间苯二酚/4,4′-二羟基二苯酮为5~95%/95~5%,对苯二甲酸与芳香二酚的摩尔比为1∶1,催化剂用量为单体总重量的0.03~0.5%,Zn(OAc)2/Sb2O3为1∶1~2∶5(重量比)。
2.如权利要求1所述的抗基体树脂高温热氧化交联的液晶共聚酯的制备方法,其特征在于液晶高分子是一类带侧基或不带侧基的全芳结构无规共聚酯,其结构式为:R=H,CH3
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