CN103766606A - Feed additive capable for reducing emissions of nitrogen and ammonia in poultry farming - Google Patents
Feed additive capable for reducing emissions of nitrogen and ammonia in poultry farming Download PDFInfo
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- CN103766606A CN103766606A CN201410030200.1A CN201410030200A CN103766606A CN 103766606 A CN103766606 A CN 103766606A CN 201410030200 A CN201410030200 A CN 201410030200A CN 103766606 A CN103766606 A CN 103766606A
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- zinc oxide
- oligosaccharide
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- ammonia
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feed additive for reducing emissions of nitrogen and ammonia in poultry farming. The feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of cello-oligosaccharide, 1-10 parts of a montmorillonite zinc oxide compound; or the feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of cello-oligosaccharide, 1-10 parts of a zeolite zinc oxide compound. Compared with a mode of independently adding the cello-oligosaccharide or the montmorillonite zinc oxide compound or the zeolite zinc oxide compound in poultry feed, the mode of the feed additive obviously reduces the nitrogen emission and ammonia concentration in poultry housing; the cello-oligosaccharide and the montmorillonite/zeolite zinc oxide compound have significant interaction on inhibition of activity of urease and urate oxidase in intestinal tracts and the excretions of the poultry, reduction of poultry nitrogen emission and reduction of ammonia concentration in the poultry housing; the montmorillonite/zeolite zinc oxide compound has the effect of protecting intestinal mucosa and accelerating repairing of the intestinal mucosa damage; the montmorillonite/zeolite zinc oxide compound and the cello-oligosaccharide are added at the same time, so that adverse reaction of the poultry digestive tract caused by excessive fermentation of the cello-oligosaccharide can be eliminated; the cello-oligosaccharide and the montmorillonite/zeolite zinc oxide compound have positive synergistic combination effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to feed addictive, relate in particular to a kind of feed addictive that reduces nitrogen and ammonia emission in poultry farming.
Background technology
Along with modernization, intensive poultry husbandry develop rapidly, chicken house ight soil and stink are more and more serious to the pollution of environment.Because poultry alimentary canal is short, the time that feed stops is therein not long, and digestibility is low, has 20% ~ 25% nutriment not digested and assimilated by body and to excrete with excreta, therefore main nitrogen is protein in excrement, is main nitrogen at urine uric acid.Nitrogen in chicken excreta mainly exists with uric acid form.But, regardless of being in urine or all including a certain amount of ammonium salt and a small amount of urea in excrement.In addition in urine, also contain in a small amount of amino acid, creatinine and metabolic process, other nitrogenous excreta.In poultry house, ammonia is mainly derived from the decomposition of itrogenous organic substance, mainly comprises fecaluria, food-residue, bedding and padding, feather etc.Ammonia is many-sided to the harm of poultry, and ammonia suppresses poultry appetite, reduces feed intake, thereby causes malnutrition; Damage respiratory mucosa, causes poultry discomfort; Damage air bag, makes poultry produce pain, organ damage, breathing problem; Affect poultry normal behaviour; Make the moods such as its generation is terrified, uneasy.
In poultry fresh excreta, 60%～80% nitrogen is to exist take the form of organic nitrogen (uric acid is as main).But due to the variation of microbial activities, 10%～90% organic nitrogen all can be converted into ammonia, and ammonia is with NH
3and NH
4 +form exists.Uric acid often occurs in the bedding and padding and excreta of accumulation to the conversion of ammonia, and its aerobic degradation is divided into five steps: 1, uric acid is converted into allantoin by uricase; 2, allantoin is converted into allantoic acid by allantoinase; 3, allantoic acid is converted into urea groups glycolic acid by allantoic acid hydroamidase; 4, urea groups glycolic acid is converted into glyoxalic acid and urea by urea groups glycolic acid enzyme; 5, urase is NH by Urea Transformation
4 +and CO
2, NH
4 +under suitable condition, be converted into NH
3.In this series reaction, there are two microbial enzymes that play a crucial role, urase and uricases.The systematic naming method of urase (claiming again urease) is urea hydroamidase, in the urase process that ammonia produces in poultry house, plays a significant role, and the urease activity reducing in feces of livestock and poultry can reduce animal house ammonia concentration.The kind of urease inhibitor is a lot, mainly contains following three major types: (1) inorganic compound class, and this type of material has obvious inhibitory action to urase, as heavy metal salt; (2) organic compound class, as dystopy acid compounds, comprise the branched chain fatty acids such as isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, isocaproic acid, also comprise urea derivative, quinhydrones, azanol, hydroxamic acid class, paraformaldehyde, polyhydric phenols, heterocyclic thiol, phosphoramide types compound etc.; (3) plant extracts class, as yucca shidigera extract and camphor familial plant extract.
The measure that reduces pouity dwelling place ammonia conventionally has appropriate design Diet Formula, improves the use of feed process and feed addictive etc.Thereby reduce the excretion of nitrogen by adjusting feed formula, use urease inhibitor to reduce or eliminate the decomposition of urea or to reduce these three kinds of modes of ight soil pH value and all can reduce ammonia generation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of feed addictive that reduces nitrogen and ammonia emission in poultry farming is provided.
A kind ofly reduce the feed addictive of nitrogen and ammonia emission in poultry farming and consist of: cell-oligosaccharide 1～5 weight portion, montmorillonite zinc oxide composites 1～10 weight portion.
In described montmorillonite zinc oxide composites, the weight percentage of zinc oxide is 5 ~ 20%.
In another kind of reduction poultry farming, the feed addictive of nitrogen and ammonia emission consists of: cell-oligosaccharide 1～5 weight portion, zeolite zinc oxide composites 1～10 weight portion.
In described zeolite zinc oxide composites, the weight percentage of zinc oxide is 5 ~ 20%.
Cell-oligosaccharide (cello-oligosaccharide, COS) be that glucopyranose unit is by β-1, the oligosaccharides that 4 keys link together, take cellobiose, cellotriose, cellotetrose as main compound sugar, because the monomer that forms cell-oligosaccharide only has glucose, therefore cell-oligosaccharide is also Portugal's oligosaccharides.The beneficial microorganisms such as internal and external test shows, cell-oligosaccharide can promote Bifidobacterium, Bacillus acidi lactici propagation, suppress the propagation such as Escherichia coli, salmonella and clostridium simultaneously, improve intestinal microecology, cell-oligosaccharide produces SCFA at intestinal fermentation, can reduce enteron aisle pH value.Cell-oligosaccharide can reduce poultry elimination of nitrogen and ammonia emission, but needs higher addition, but excessive interpolation cell-oligosaccharide can cause poultry large intestine excessive fermentation, makes poultry that slight diarrhoea occur, and the poultry excrement of having loose bowels is more, affects poultry absorbing nutrient.
Montmorillonite zinc oxide composites and zeolite zinc oxide composites all have protection intestinal mucosa and promote the effect that intestinal mucosa injury is repaired, and can protect enteric epithelium barrier, reduce enterocyte and closely connect permeability.Montmorillonite/zeolite zinc oxide composites and cell-oligosaccharide add simultaneously, can eliminate cell-oligosaccharide excessive fermentation and cause the gastral bad reaction of poultry.
Cell-oligosaccharide does not make significant difference to urease activity in poultry excreta and ammonia burst size.Montmorillonite zinc oxide composites and zeolite zinc oxide composites reduce urase and the active 10-20% of urate oxidase in excreta, reduce ammonia burst size 10-25%.In reduction poultry farming of the present invention, the feed addictive of nitrogen and ammonia emission can reduce urase and the active 40-60% of urate oxidase in excreta, reduces ammonia burst size 40-70%.
Cell-oligosaccharide is processed bedding and padding ammonia concentration in pouity dwelling place is had no significant effect.Montmorillonite zinc oxide composites and zeolite zinc oxide composites are processed bedding and padding and are reduced ammonia concentration 6-12% in pouity dwelling place.In reduction poultry farming of the present invention, the feed addictive of nitrogen and ammonia emission processing bedding and padding can reduce ammonia concentration 15-30% in pouity dwelling place.
Compared with adding separately cell-oligosaccharide or montmorillonite zinc oxide composites or zeolite zinc oxide composites in poultry feed, in reduction poultry farming of the present invention, the feed addictive of nitrogen and ammonia emission significantly reduces elimination of nitrogen amount and pouity dwelling place ammonia concentration.Cell-oligosaccharide and montmorillonite/zeolite zinc oxide composites suppressing urase and urate oxidase activity in poultry intestinal tract and excreta, to reduce poultry nitrogen discharged and reduce on pouity dwelling place ammonia concentration and all have remarkable reciprocation, cell-oligosaccharide and montmorillonite/zeolite zinc oxide composites have positive synergistic combination effect.
The specific embodiment
A kind ofly reduce the feed addictive of nitrogen and ammonia emission in poultry farming and consist of: cell-oligosaccharide 1～5 weight portion, montmorillonite zinc oxide composites 1～10 weight portion.
In another kind of reduction poultry farming, the feed addictive of nitrogen and ammonia emission consists of: cell-oligosaccharide 1～5 weight portion, zeolite zinc oxide composites 1～10 weight portion.
In described montmorillonite zinc oxide composites, the weight percentage of zinc oxide is 5 ~ 20%.In described zeolite zinc oxide composites, the weight percentage of zinc oxide is 5 ~ 20%.
The present invention is further described in conjunction with following instance.
EXAMPLE l
Preparation: (see: Fatimah according to document " ZnO/montmorillonite for photocatalytic and photochemical degradation of methylene blue ", I, Wang, SB, Wulandari, D. Appl. Clay Sci. 2011,53,553-560.) method prepare montmorillonite zinc oxide composites.By weight percentage, in montmorillonite zinc oxide composites, the content of zinc oxide is 5%.
After getting 100 kilograms of cell-oligosaccharides, 100 kilograms of mixing of montmorillonite zinc oxide composites, mix thoroughly, obtain a kind of feed addictive (Feed additive to reduce N and ammonia emission, FA-RNAE) that reduces nitrogen and ammonia emission in poultry farming.Addition in poultry feed is 0.1 ~ 0.5%.
Ross 308 broiler chicken of 480 plumage 1 ages in days are divided into 4 processed group: control group; Cell-oligosaccharide group (adding 0.1% cell-oligosaccharide in feed); Montmorillonite zinc oxide composites group (is added 0.1% montmorillonite zinc oxide composites in feed; FA-RNAE group (adding 0.2% FA-RNAE in feed).Each processed group is established 6 repetitions, each repetition 20 plumages.Test to 49 ages in days finish, and measure each group of hen house ammonia concentration every day.After feeding experiment, adopt the full excrement method of receiving to carry out elimination of nitrogen test, experimental period, amounts to 7 d, and wherein preliminary trial periods 3 d, is just trying phases 4 d.In process of the test, to repeat as unit, 2 of each repetitions, receive and gather 3 fecalurias every days, and the fecaluria of collection are inserted to sealing in refrigerator immediately and preserve.
Compared with control group, cell-oligosaccharide group significantly increase (
p< 0.05) Bacillus acidi lactici quantity in caecum content, significantly reduce (
p< 0.05) Escherichia coli and clostridium quantity, raising broiler chicken thick protein digestibility 3.5% (
p>0.05), reduce elimination of nitrogen amount 3.1% (
p>0.05), hen house ammonia concentration and ight soil urease activity are had no significant effect.
Compared with control group, montmorillonite zinc oxide composites group significantly improve jejunum villi height/crypts degree of depth ratio 15% (
p<0.05), reduce the fluorescein-labelled glucan of jejunum (FD4) permeability 20% (
p< 0.05), reduce respectively hen house ammonia concentration and ight soil urease activity 8.6% (
p<0.05) and 8.1% (
p<0.05), broiler chicken cecal content flora, thick protein digestibility and elimination of nitrogen amount are had no significant effect.
Compared with control group, the significantly increase of FA-RNAE group (
p< 0.05) Bacillus acidi lactici quantity in caecum content, significantly reduce (
p< 0.05) Escherichia coli and clostridium quantity, improve jejunum villi height/crypts degree of depth ratio 32% (
p< 0.05), the reduction fluorescein-labelled glucan of jejunum (FD4) permeability 41% (
p< 0.05), raising broiler chicken thick protein digestibility 21% (
p<0.05), reduce elimination of nitrogen amount 32% (
p<0.05), reduce respectively hen house ammonia concentration and ight soil urease activity 42% (
p<0.05) and 35% (
p<0.05).
Compared with cell-oligosaccharide group or montmorillonite zinc oxide composites group, FA-RNAE group elimination of nitrogen amount and hen house ammonia concentration significantly reduce (
p<0.05).Cell-oligosaccharide and montmorillonite zinc oxide composites reduce on the nitrogen discharged and hen house ammonia concentration of broiler chicken, exist remarkable reciprocation (
p<0.05).
Embodiment 2
Preparation: (see: Khaorapapong according to document " Preparation of zinc oxide – montmorillonite hybrids ", N., N. Khumchoo, M. Ogawa. Mater. Lett. 2011,65:657 – 660) method prepare montmorillonite zinc oxide composites.By weight percentage, in montmorillonite zinc oxide composites, the content of zinc oxide is 10%.
After getting 200 kilograms of cell-oligosaccharides, 100 kilograms of mixing of montmorillonite zinc oxide composites, mix thoroughly, obtain a kind of feed addictive (Feed additive to reduce N and ammonia emission, FA-RNAE) that reduces nitrogen and ammonia emission in poultry farming.Addition in poultry feed is 0.1 ~ 0.5%.
The impact that cell-oligosaccharide, montmorillonite zinc oxide composites, FA-RNAE discharge laying hen excreta ammonia.Test point 4 processing: be respectively control group, cell-oligosaccharide group, montmorillonite zinc oxide composites group, FA-RNAE group.Each processed group is established 5 repetitions, 7 days experimental periods, measures generation and the urease activity of ammonia in excreta every day.Result shows, cell-oligosaccharide does not make significant difference to urease activity in excreta and ammonia burst size.Montmorillonite zinc oxide composites reduces urease activity 21% in excreta, reduces ammonia burst size 25%.FA-RNAE reduces urease activity 53% in excreta, reduces ammonia burst size 62%.
240 age in days Luo Man brown shell layer 180 plumages are divided into 4 processed group: control group; Cell-oligosaccharide group (adding 0.2% cell-oligosaccharide in feed); Montmorillonite zinc oxide composites group (is added 0.1% montmorillonite zinc oxide composites in feed; FA-RNAE group (adding 0.3% FA-RNAE in feed).Each processed group is established 3 repetitions, each repetition 15 plumages.60 days experimental periods.
Result shows, cell-oligosaccharide has increased Bacillus acidi lactici and bifidobacteria in caecum content, and elimination of nitrogen amount, hen house ammonia concentration and ight soil urease activity are had no significant effect.Montmorillonite zinc oxide composites group has significantly improved jejunum and ileum height of naps/crypts depth ratio, reduces jejunum and the fluorescein-labelled glucan of caecum (FD4) permeability, reduce respectively hen house ammonia concentration and ight soil urease activity 10.1% (
p<0.05) and 12.5% (
p<0.05).FA-RNAE group significantly increases Bacillus acidi lactici and bifidobacteria in caecum content, significantly reduce salmonella and clostridium quantity, significantly improve Gut Mucosa Morphology and gut barrier function, reduce respectively elimination of nitrogen amount, hen house ammonia concentration and ight soil urease activity 35% (
p<0.05), 52% (
p<0.05) and 46% (
p<0.05).
Compared with cell-oligosaccharide group or montmorillonite zinc oxide composites group, FA-RNAE group elimination of nitrogen amount and hen house ammonia concentration significantly reduce (
p<0.05).Cell-oligosaccharide and montmorillonite zinc oxide composites reduce on the nitrogen discharged and hen house ammonia concentration of laying hen, exist remarkable reciprocation (
p<0.05).
Embodiment 3
Preparation: (see: Jiang according to document " Ultraviolet resistance and antimicrobial properties of ZnO-supported zeolite filled isotactic polypropylene composites ", J., Li, G., Ding, Q., Mai, K.C., Polym. Degrad. Stabil. 2012,97,833-838.) method prepare zeolite zinc oxide composites.By weight percentage, in zeolite zinc oxide composites, the content of zinc oxide is 20%.
After getting 500 kilograms of cell-oligosaccharides, 200 kilograms of mixing of zeolite zinc oxide composites, mix thoroughly, obtain a kind of feed addictive (Feed additive to reduce N and ammonia emission, FA-RNAE) that reduces nitrogen and ammonia emission in poultry farming.Addition in poultry feed is 0.1 ~ 0.5%.
By add cell-oligosaccharide, zeolite zinc oxide composites, FA-RNAE in broiler chicken excreta, study the impact that it discharges broiler chicken excreta ammonia.Test point 4 processed group, are respectively control group, cell-oligosaccharide group, zeolite zinc oxide composites group, FA-RNAE group, and each processed group is established 4 repetitions.7 days experimental periods, measure the generation of ammonia in excreta every day, off-test is got excrement sample and is measured pH, urease activity.Result shows, cell-oligosaccharide can significantly reduce the pH in excreta, and urease activity in excreta and ammonia burst size are not made significant difference.Zeolite zinc oxide composites reduces urease activity 16% in excreta, reduces ammonia burst size 23%.FA-RNAE significantly reduces the pH in excreta, reduces urease activity 46% in excreta, reduces ammonia burst size 51%.
By add cell-oligosaccharide, zeolite zinc oxide composites, FA-RNAE in broiler chicken bedding and padding, study its impact on ammonia generation in broiler production and house.Test point 4 processed group, are respectively control group, cell-oligosaccharide group, zeolite zinc oxide composites group, FA-RNAE group, and each processed group is established 3 repetitions.3 days ammonia levels of METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION weekly.Result shows, cell-oligosaccharide is processed bedding and padding ammonia concentration in hen house is had no significant effect.Zeolite zinc oxide composites is processed bedding and padding and is reduced ammonia concentration 8.1% in hen house.FA-RNAE processes bedding and padding and reduces ammonia concentration 17.2% in hen house.
The Lingnan Yellow broiler chicken of 320 plumage 21 ages in days is divided into 4 processed group: control group; Cell-oligosaccharide group (adding 0.5% cell-oligosaccharide in feed); Zeolite zinc oxide composites group (is added 0.2% zeolite zinc oxide composites in feed; FA-RNAE group (adding 0.7% FA-RNAE in feed).Each processed group is established 4 repetitions, each repetition 20 plumages.Test to 70 ages in days finish.
Result shows, cell-oligosaccharide has increased Bacillus acidi lactici and bifidobacteria in caecum content, reduces hen house ammonia concentration 8%, and elimination of nitrogen amount and ight soil urease activity are had no significant effect.In test, find that this test group broiler chicken excrement of having loose bowels is more, reason may be that excessive interpolation cell-oligosaccharide causes large intestine excessive fermentation, makes broiler chicken that slight diarrhoea occur, and affects broiler chicken absorbing nutrient.
Zeolite zinc oxide composites group has significantly improved jejunum and ileum height of naps/crypts depth ratio, reduces jejunum and the fluorescein-labelled glucan of caecum (FD4) permeability, reduce respectively hen house ammonia concentration and ight soil urease activity 13.5% (
p<0.05) and 15.1% (
p<0.05).
FA-RNAE group significantly increases Bacillus acidi lactici and bifidobacteria in caecum content, significantly reduce salmonella and clostridium quantity, significantly improve Gut Mucosa Morphology and gut barrier function, broiler chicken ight soil is normal, health status is good, reduce respectively elimination of nitrogen amount, hen house ammonia concentration and ight soil urease activity 37% (
p<0.05), 71% (
p<0.05) and 58% (
p<0.05).
Compared with cell-oligosaccharide group or zeolite zinc oxide composites group, FA-RNAE group elimination of nitrogen amount and hen house ammonia concentration significantly reduce (
p<0.05).Cell-oligosaccharide and zeolite zinc oxide composites reduce on the nitrogen discharged and hen house ammonia concentration of broiler chicken, exist remarkable reciprocation (
p<0.05).
Claims (4)
1. a feed addictive that reduces nitrogen and ammonia emission in poultry farming, is characterized in that it consists of: cell-oligosaccharide 1～5 weight portion, montmorillonite zinc oxide composites 1～10 weight portion.
2. a kind of feed addictive that reduces nitrogen and ammonia emission in poultry farming according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described montmorillonite zinc oxide composites, the weight percentage of zinc oxide is 5 ~ 20%.
3. a feed addictive that reduces nitrogen and ammonia emission in poultry farming, is characterized in that it consists of: cell-oligosaccharide 1～5 weight portion, zeolite zinc oxide composites 1～10 weight portion.
4. a kind of feed addictive that reduces nitrogen and ammonia emission in poultry farming according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in described zeolite zinc oxide composites, the weight percentage of zinc oxide is 5 ~ 20%.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410030200.1A CN103766606A (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2014-01-23 | Feed additive capable for reducing emissions of nitrogen and ammonia in poultry farming |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1861094A (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2006-11-15 | 浙江大学 | Load type super-fine zinc powder zinc-complementary agent, its prepn. method and use |
| CN102308916A (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2012-01-11 | 珠海天凯生物科技有限公司 | Novel enteric sustained-release pellet for feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN102406071A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-04-11 | 浙江大学 | Application of supported nano zinc oxide as broiler intestinal health regulator and use method |
-
2014
- 2014-01-23 CN CN201410030200.1A patent/CN103766606A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1861094A (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2006-11-15 | 浙江大学 | Load type super-fine zinc powder zinc-complementary agent, its prepn. method and use |
| CN102308916A (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2012-01-11 | 珠海天凯生物科技有限公司 | Novel enteric sustained-release pellet for feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN102406071A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-04-11 | 浙江大学 | Application of supported nano zinc oxide as broiler intestinal health regulator and use method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 徐露蓉等: "饲粮中添加纤维寡糖对生长猪生长性能、结肠菌群和肠黏膜通透性的影响", 《动物营养学报》 * |
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Application publication date: 20140507 |