CN103764886B - 具有机械拉伸纤维的防撕裂织物 - Google Patents

具有机械拉伸纤维的防撕裂织物 Download PDF

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CN103764886B
CN103764886B CN201280042588.6A CN201280042588A CN103764886B CN 103764886 B CN103764886 B CN 103764886B CN 201280042588 A CN201280042588 A CN 201280042588A CN 103764886 B CN103764886 B CN 103764886B
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F·J·莫拉莱斯
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Abstract

一种防撕裂织物，具有以防撕裂图案交织到细纱内的多组分聚酯长丝纱。

Description

具有机械拉伸纤维的防撕裂织物
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2011年9月1日提交的美国临时申请第61/530,342号（律师案卷号第93168-816661(000800US)号）的权益，其全部公开内容以参见的方式纳入本文。
背景技术
防撕裂织造织物通常用于军队和警察制服，且用于警察和军队制服的防撕裂织物由涤纶/棉、棉/涤纶以及尼龙/棉混纺制成。用于警察和军队制服的撕裂止挡织物的强度、易护理性、和耐退色特性通过聚酯与尼龙或棉的该混纺而得以增强。可将防污和防水饰面覆加到织物，以进一步改善耐用性和易护理性。
对用于警察和军队制服的防撕裂织物的关键要求是它们在仍向穿着者提供舒适性的同时能够承受50+次清洗和广泛领域的使用。因此，耐用性和舒适性成为这些植物的两个最重要特性。
对织物增加舒适性的非常通用的方式是通过增加拉伸性。通常通过使用诸如氨纶（spandex）或弹性纤维（elastane）之类的弹性纤维对织物增加拉伸性。氨纶在用于聚酯含量高于40%的织物中时存在技术挑战，因为氨纶在染色工艺期间会降解，因为聚酯在比棉或其它纤维素基材料高的温度下染色。此外，当防污饰面添加到织物时氨纶会进一步降解，因为他们在整理阶段期间会热固化。
此外，警察和军队制服所经受的大量洗涤循环进一步降解织物中的氨纶，缩短织物的使用寿命。于是，现今由涤/棉或尼龙/棉混纺制成的、为警察和军队制服制造的所有防撕裂织物都不提供拉伸特性。
发明内容
下文提供对本发明某些实施例的简要概括，从而提供对本发明的基本理解。该发明内容不是本发明的宽泛综述。其并不意图标识本发明的关键/重要元素或描绘本发明的范围。其唯一的目的是要以简化形式给出本发明的一些实施例以为稍后给出的更加具体的说明之序。
本文各实施例涉及一种包含机械拉伸纤维的防撕裂织物，与诸如氨纶的弹性拉伸纤维不同。
在各实施例中，防撕裂织造织物用至少两种纱制成。第一种纱是短/市售纤维的均匀混纺物的细纱，一种纤维是纤维素基的（例如棉或人造丝），另一种纤维是聚酯、尼龙或莫达瑞丽克（modacrilic）。第二种纱是长丝多组分聚酯纱或伊莱斯瑞儿-p（elasterell-p）多组分长丝纱。
为了更充分理解本发明的特性和优点，应参照随后的详细描述和附图。
附图的简要说明
图1是根据各实施例的织物的图示。
具体实施方式
在以下说明书中，描述本发明的各实施例。为了解释的目的，阐述具体构造和细节以提供对各实施例的透彻理解。然而，对本领域普通技术人员还显然的是，可不在这些具体细节的情况下实施本发明。此外，可能省略或简化公知特征以使描述的实施例清楚。
本文的各实施例涉及一种防撕裂织物，其具有机械拉伸性、防撕裂编制和防腿色的组合特征。
防撕裂织造织物用至少两种纱制成。第一种纱是短纤维/市售纤维的均匀混纺物的细纱，一种纤维是纤维素基的（例如棉或人造丝），另一种纤维是聚酯、尼龙或莫达瑞丽克（modacrilic）（下文称为“纺成纤维”或“细纱”）。第二种纱是长丝多组分聚酯纱或伊莱斯瑞儿-p（elasterell-p）多组分长丝纱（下文称为“多组分聚酯长丝纱”或“多组分长丝聚酯纤维”）。这种多组分长丝聚酯纤维为防撕裂织物提供机械拉伸特性。
伊莱斯瑞儿（Elasterell）或伊莱斯瑞儿-p（elasterell-p）是固有弹性的、多组分长丝聚酯纤维的具体子类。美国联邦贸易委员会定义“伊莱斯瑞儿-p（elasterell-p）”为通过两种或多种化学上不同的聚合物（任一种都不超过85重量%）相互作用而形成的纤维，其包含酯基团作为主要的功能单元（该纤维的总聚合物含量的至少重量85％），且如果拉伸至少100%，则当去除拉力时耐久地且迅速地基本上恢复到其未拉伸长度。尽管在各实施例中描述伊莱斯瑞儿-p（elasterell-p），但也可使用其它多组分聚酯长丝纱。
多组分长丝纱在能够承受高染整温度的同时为防撕裂织物增加拉伸特性，由此不再需要使用氨纶并克服氨纶的耐用性限制。
在各实施例中，通过将织造多组分聚酯长丝纬纱12编织到纺丝经纱14内而形成防撕裂织物10（图1）。如图1所示，为了提供防撕裂织物编织，多组分聚酯长丝纱12以平纹编织方式交织穿过细纱14。但是，为了提供强度和耐撕裂性，在预定间隔之后，两根或多根多组分聚酯长丝纱12以相同图案一起穿过纬纱编织（而不是规则平纹编织中那样每根纱交替）。在图1的各区域16处大致示出这种图案变化。以规则方式进行多根（至少2根）相邻纬纱沿相同方向穿过经纱编织的图案。类似地，在编织工艺期间每根纬纱可跳过相同的一根或多根经纱，使多根纺丝经纱12一起延伸，大体如图1的织物10的各区域18所示。可以以规则间隔进行在编织期间始终沿相同编织方向编织多根相邻纬纱并跳过至少一根纬纱，提供编织中的网状图案。间隔通常3至8毫米，但也可以改变以提供所需功能。在各实施例中，纬向的间隔图案与经向相同，从而网状形成重复方形。
替代地，多组分聚酯长丝纱12可用作纬纱材料，且纺成纤维14可编织到多组分聚酯长丝纱内，形成防撕裂图案。
编织后，在整理工艺期间添加防污和防油饰面以改进抗退色性并保护编织织物免受脏污。同样，与拉伸织物中更常用的氨纶相比，织物的机械拉伸特性使得本发明的防撕裂织物能够承受在该整理工艺中涉及的高温。
本文描述的新型防撕裂织物提供一种可持续多次洗涤并非常适合警察和军队/民兵衣物、包括裤子或衬衫的织物。该图案耐磨、能够舒适拉伸、并可承受多次洗涤。
其它变型在本发明的精神范围内。因此，尽管本发明易于进行各种更改和替代构造，但附图中仅示出且上文仅详细描述其某些说明性实施例。但应理解，并不意图将本发明限于所揭示的具体一种或多种形式，而是本发明覆盖落入由所附权利要求书限定的本发明精神和范围内的所有更改、替代构造和等同物。
描述本发明的上下文（尤其是以下权利要求书的上下文）中使用的术语“一”和“一个”和“该”以及类似代词构造成覆盖单数和复数，除非本文另外指出或文中清楚有相反表示。术语“包括”、“具有”、“包括”以及“包含”诠释为开放式术语（即，意思是“包括但不限于”），除非另外注明。术语“连接”诠释为部分或完全包含于、附连到、或结合在一起，即使其间有中间物。本文记载的数值范围仅意图用作单独体积落在该范围内的每个分开的值的省略方法，除非本文另外指出，且每个分开的值如同其在本文中被单独记载那样包含在该说明书中。本文所述的所有方法可以任何适当顺序执行，除非本文另外指出或上下文另有清楚相反表示。任何和所有实例的使用或本文提供的示例语言（例如“诸如”）仅意图更好说明本发明的各实施例且并不对本发明的范围加以限制，除非另外声明。说明书中的语言都不应诠释为指示对本发明的实践来说关键的任何未声明元素。
在此描述了本发明的较佳实施例，包括发明人已知的实施本发明的最佳方式。在阅读前述说明书时，那些较佳实施例的变型对于本领域的普通技术人员是显而易见的。发明人预期技术人员适当地采用这些变型，且发明人预期本发明可以与本文具体所述不同的方式实施。因而，本发明如可适用法律所允许的那样包括在此所附权利要求书中记载的主题的所有更改和等同物。此外，本发明涵盖其所有可能变型中上述元素的任意组合，除非本文另外指出或上下文清楚地相反表示。
本文所引用的所有参考文献，包括出版物、专利申请和专利，通过引用结合于此，好像单独且具体指出每个参考文献都通过引用结合且整体地阐述于此。

Claims (17)

1.一种防撕裂织物，所述防撕裂织物包括图案，所述图案由以下内容组成：
第一纱，所述第一纱是均匀混纺物的细纱，其中的一种纤维是纤维素基的纤维，另一种纤维是聚酯纤维或莫达瑞丽克纤维；以及
第二纱，所述第二纱由多组分聚酯长丝纤维组成，所述第二纱以防撕裂图案交织到所述第一纱内。
2.如权利要求1所述的防撕裂织物，其特征在于，所述第一纱构成用于所述织物的经纱，且所述第二纱构成纬纱。
3.如权利要求1所述的防撕裂织物，其特征在于，所述第一纱是用于所述织物的纬纱，且所述第二纱是经纱。
4.如权利要求1所述的防撕裂织物，其特征在于，所述防撕裂图案包括以规则间隔沿相同编织方向编织的多根相邻第二纱的图案。
5.如权利要求4所述的防撕裂织物，其特征在于，所述防撕裂图案包括在第二纱编织期间始终以规则间隔跳过至少一根第一纱。
6.如权利要求1所述的防撕裂织物，其特征在于，所述防撕裂图案包括以规则间隔沿相同编织方向编织的多根相邻纬纱的图案。
7.如权利要求1所述的防撕裂织物，其特征在于，所述防撕裂图案包括编织期间始终以规则间隔跳过至少一根纬纱。
8.如权利要求1所述的防撕裂织物，其特征在于，还包括整理工艺期间添加的防污和防油饰面。
9.警服，由如权利要求1所述的防撕裂织物制成。
10.军装，由如权利要求1所述的防撕裂织物制成。
11.一种形成防撕裂织物的方法，包括：
将由多组分聚酯长丝纤维组成的第二纱以防撕裂织物图案编织到第一经纱内，所述第一经纱是均匀混纺物的细纱，其中的一种纤维是纤维素基的纤维，另一种纤维是聚酯纤维或莫达瑞丽克纤维。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，编织包括以规则间隔沿相同编织方向编织的多根相邻第二纱的图案。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，编织包括在编织期间始终以规则间隔跳过至少一根纬纱。
14.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，编织包括在编织期间始终以规则间隔跳过至少一根纬纱。
15.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括整理工艺，在整理工艺期间添加防污和防油饰面。
16.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：将所述织物形成警服。
17.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：将所述织物形成军装。
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