CN103763022A - High spatial resolution optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on high-order sideband frequency sweeping modulation - Google Patents
High spatial resolution optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on high-order sideband frequency sweeping modulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high spatial resolution optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on high-order sideband frequency sweeping modulation. The system comprises a frequency sweeping optical source part, a testing optical path part, a receiver and a signal processing part. The frequency sweeping optical source part uses a narrow-line-width laser device as an original optical source, and emergent light generates sideband optical signals of frequency sweeping through external modulation. In the process of external modulation, the frequency sweeping radio-frequency signals are amplified through a high-power radio-frequency amplifier and then loaded on an electro-optic modulator with low half-wave voltage in a high-voltage mode, so that multi-order sidebands are generated and filtered to generate a high-order optical sideband of broadband frequency sweeping through a narrow-band optical filter, the high-order optical sideband serves as a frequency sweeping carrier wave optical source to be guided into an optical path system, optical signals back scattering and reflecting are collected, and optical frequency domain reflection analyzing is achieved through local coherent detection and signal processing. By the utilization of high-order sideband frequency sweeping, the frequency sweeping range can be enlarged, so that an optical frequency domain reflectometer reaches higher spatial resolution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields such as electrooptic modulation, distributing optical fiber sensing, optical reflectometer, particularly relate to a kind of high spatial resolution optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on the modulation of high-order sideband frequency sweep.
Background technology
Optical fiber communication is due to characteristics such as its transmission frequency bandwidth having, loss are little, since 20 century 70s development swift and violent, the extensive commercial optical fiber telecommunications system construction that China carried out in the initial stage nineties.Optical fiber sensing technology is to follow the development of Fibre Optical Communication Technology and develop rapidly, take light wave as carrier, and optical fiber is medium, the New Sensing Technology of perception and the extraneous measured signal of transmission.As the light wave of measured signal carrier with as the optical fiber of light wave propagation medium, have advantages of a series of uniquenesses, other carriers are difficult to compare with medium.Light wave is not afraid of electromagnetic interference, is easily that various light-detecting devices receive, and can carry out easily photoelectricity or electric light conversion, and modern electronics and computer easy and high development match.Fiber size is little, lightweight, is convenient to lay and transportation, and material source is abundant, radiationless, is difficult to eavesdropping.Message capacity is large, long transmission distance; The potential bandwidth of an optical fiber can reach 20THz.
Optical fiber telecommunications system has become the Optical Cable trans mission networks of the huge information capacity of carrying at present.Unobstructed for guaranteeing safety, need to have can Measurement accuracy optical fiber transmission property instrument.Optical reflectometer is the very important means of optical fiber link status monitoring and maintenance.That use is more at present is optical time domain reflectometer (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer, OTDR).OTDR utilizes back-scattering light to carry out the propagation characteristic of measuring optical fiber.Light source sends light beam pulse and injects optical fiber, and back scattering can occur in optical fiber.Some parameter in testing fiber can be modulated on pulsed light in scattering process, therefore utilize OTDR technology, system just can by measure back scattering light intensity over time relation carry out the distribution situation of detection fiber parameter, thereby determine the length of optical fiber and the parameter distribution information of everywhere.OTDR detects by analyzing time difference and the optical path difference of rear orientation light.The raising of its spatial resolution need to be shortened light source pulse width and increase receiver bandwidth, and the pulse duration that shortens light source means reducing of signal energy, and system noise is proportional to receiver bandwidth, therefore increasing receiver bandwidth means reducing of Dynamic Range and signal to noise ratio, so exist contradiction between the resolution of OTDR system and signal to noise ratio, dynamic range, Measuring Time, its spatial resolution often can only reach the magnitude of rice.In order to address this problem, other Time Domain Reflectometry method is also in constantly research.As the coherent detection of pseudorandom detectable signal, complementary Gray code detection etc.
In order to improve the performances such as spatial resolution and sensitivity of measurement, backscattering method is applied to optical frequency territory, has developed optical frequency domain reflectometer OFDR (Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometer).The high spatial resolution of OFDR system will make it more be widely used in numerous fields [Opt. Express 19,19790-19796 (2011)] that certainty of measurement had to high request.By frequency sweep RF signal, narrow-linewidth laser is carried out to single-side band modulation, obtain the light signal of linear frequency sweep, for corresponding OFDR system, realized the wireline inspection [J. Lightwave Technol. 6,3287-3294 (2008)] of long distance and high spatial resolution.Yet, the modulated process of single-side band modulation complexity and poor stability limit respective performances.On the other hand, the swept frequency range of radio frequency swept-frequency signal is limited to electronic component, generally only has GHz magnitude [J. Lightwave Technol. 30,1015-1024 (2012)].And to obtain the OFDR of high spatial resolution, improve swept frequency range and become inevitable approach.Therefore, be necessary the broadband swept light source technology of development of new, for realizing high spatial resolution OFDR.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in OFDR system, in order to overcome problems such as using the issuable nonlinear frequency sweeping of light source inner modulation, can use light source external modulation to realize frequency sweep, using at present more is to utilize the first rank sideband that single-side band modulation obtains to carry out frequency sweep.Limited by the electronic bottleneck of electronic component, radiofrequency signal range of scanned frequencies is limited, thereby improve spatial resolution in order to expand swept frequency range, the present invention utilizes the electrooptic modulator of high voltage modulation low half-wave voltage to produce the principle of multistage sideband, and a kind of high spatial resolution optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on the modulation of high-order sideband frequency sweep is provided.
The present invention for achieving the above object, adopts following technical scheme:
A high spatial resolution optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on the modulation of high-order sideband frequency sweep, comprises swept light source part, optical system for testing part, receiver and signal processing; It is characterized in that: described swept light source partly comprises laser, low half-wave voltage electrooptic modulator, radio-frequency signal generator, circulator, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, erbium-doped fiber amplifier and optical filter; The radiofrequency signal that the narrow-linewidth laser that described laser sends sends according to radio-frequency signal generator and load bias voltage after be connected to described electrooptic modulator and modulate, form a broadband light comb; The light comb obtaining is imported to the circulator that has connected Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, and the light wave reflecting is injected tunable optical filter after erbium-doped fiber amplifier amplifies; The high-order frequency sweep sideband leaching is imported to optical system for testing part, interfere and finally by receiver, received with this flash of light preceding an earthquake, and signal processing part divisional processing.
It is further characterized in that: described low half-wave voltage electrooptic modulator is Mach increasing Dare type electrooptic modulator or phase type electrooptic modulator, the half-wave voltage of electrooptic modulator is not more than 4 volts, and the driving power of the radiofrequency signal of radio-frequency signal generator is not less than 27dBm.
Described optical filter is narrow band filter based on Fiber Bragg Grating FBG or the optical filter of diffraction grating.
Described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG reflectivity is greater than 99%, and it is shaped as Flat-top type, and its extinction ratio is not less than 40dB.
The swept light source equivalence sweep limits of above-mentioned use is
Δ F, the lowest modulation frequency of the radiofrequency signal that the radio-frequency signal generator of employing produces is
f low , the radiofrequency signal scanning frequency speed of employing is
γ, the radiofrequency signal frequency sweep time of employing is
τ, centre wavelength and the bandwidth of the optical filter of employing are adjustable; Spatial resolution theoretical boundary by
Δ l=c/2n Δ Fdetermine radiofrequency signal swept frequency range
Δ f rF =γ τ, the swept frequency range of the N rank sideband modulating is
Δ f n =N γ τ,
Δ f n <
f low .
Technique effect of the present invention:
1. adopt the electrooptic modulator of low half-wave voltage, can when using high voltage modulation, produce the optical frequency comb of polygon band, for the optical sideband of high-order, can obtain the light swept frequency range that double amplitude is amplified.
2. adopt Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and tunable optical filter, can from the optical frequency comb modulating, leach certain high-order sideband and suppress other sidebands and noise simultaneously.
3. adopt high-order sideband frequency sweep light to replace the first general rank sideband frequency sweep light can obtain as the optical frequency domain reflectometer system of swept light source the spatial resolution that double amplitude improves.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the basic structure schematic diagram of system of the present invention;
In figure, comprise: Optical frequency: optical fiber frequency; Time: time; FL: fiber laser; PC: Polarization Controller; MZ-modulator: Mach zehnder modulators; RF synthesizer: radio-frequency signal generator; Trigger source: triggering signal; CIR: circulator; FBG: Fiber Bragg Grating FBG; Bias: bias voltage; EDFA: erbium-doped fiber amplifier; BPF: optical filter; FUT: testing fiber; BPD: balance photodetector; Polarization diversity: polarization diversity; OC:3dB optical coupler; ADC: analog-to-digital conversion module; Computer: computer.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention utilizes the MZ Mach-Zehnder that half-wave voltage is lower to modulate the optical frequency comb schematic diagram with multistage sideband obtaining;
Power in figure: signal strength signal intensity; Optical Comb: light comb; Wavelength: wavelength.
Fig. 3 is the tenth rank sideband spectrum schematic diagram that the present invention uses Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and tunable optical filter to leach from the optical frequency comb modulating;
Power in figure: signal strength signal intensity; Carrier: carrier wave; + 10th order sideband: the tenth rank sideband; Wavelength: wavelength.
Fig. 4 is spatial resolution experiment value method of measurement schematic diagram of the present invention;
Reflectivity in figure: reflection coefficient; Distance: distance; FWHM: Fresnel reflection peak width.
Embodiment
Embodiment mono-:
Fig. 1 has shown the basic schematic diagram of the system configuration described in the present embodiment.Laser FL is connected to through Polarization Controller PC the MZ Mach-Zehnder MZ-modulator that half-wave voltage is lower, according to the radiofrequency signal of radio-frequency signal generator RF synthesizer, modulate, when be biased voltage Bias is higher, just can produce multistage sideband, form a broadband light comb.The light comb obtaining is imported to the circulator CIR that has connected optical fiber bragg grating FBG, and the light wave reflecting is injected tunable optical filter BPF after erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA amplifies.By bragg grating FBG and tunable filter BPF designed and coupling, can under higher rejection ratio, leach required sideband.The high-order frequency sweep sideband leaching is imported to light path system, use monomode fiber as testing fiber, the light reflecting from testing fiber FUT and this flash of light preceding an earthquake interfere and finally by 8 analog-to-digital conversion module 8-bit ADC coupled computer Computer, are detected.
Fig. 2 has shown that the present embodiment utilizes the MZ Mach-Zehnder that half-wave voltage is lower to modulate the optical frequency comb schematic diagram with multistage sideband obtaining.The highest in figure is carrier wave, and this optical frequency comb has 20 subcarriers of surpassing as seen, and expression can leach at least the ten rank sideband.
Fig. 3 has shown the tenth rank sideband spectrum schematic diagram that the present embodiment is used Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and tunable optical filter to leach from the optical frequency comb modulating.More than the tenth rank sideband exceeds other rank sideband 20dB.
Fig. 4 has shown the spatial resolution experiment value method of measurement schematic diagram of the present embodiment.Shown in method be to measure the full width at half maximum of testing fiber end reflection Fresnel peak value, the larger lower spatial resolution of width representative.Be illustrated as when radiofrequency signal equivalence swept frequency range 800MHz and use the tenth rank sideband to carry out the Fresnel reflecting peak that frequency sweep obtains, the full width at half maximum of peak value, as this spatial resolution experiment value, is 1.5cm.
Claims (5)
1. the high spatial resolution optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on the modulation of high-order sideband frequency sweep, comprises swept light source part, optical system for testing part, receiver and signal processing; It is characterized in that: described swept light source partly comprises laser, low half-wave voltage electrooptic modulator, radio-frequency signal generator, circulator, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, erbium-doped fiber amplifier and optical filter; The radiofrequency signal that the narrow-linewidth laser that described laser sends sends according to radio-frequency signal generator and load bias voltage after be connected to described low half-wave voltage electrooptic modulator and modulate, form a broadband light comb; The light comb obtaining is imported to the circulator that has connected Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, and the light wave reflecting is injected tunable optical filter after erbium-doped fiber amplifier amplifies; The high-order frequency sweep sideband leaching is imported to optical system for testing part, interfere and finally by receiver, received with this flash of light preceding an earthquake, and signal processing part divisional processing.
2. the high spatial resolution optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on high-order sideband frequency sweep modulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described low half-wave voltage electrooptic modulator is Mach increasing Dare type electrooptic modulator or phase type electrooptic modulator, the half-wave voltage of electrooptic modulator is not more than 4 volts, and the driving power of the radiofrequency signal of radio-frequency signal generator is not less than 27dBm.
3. the high spatial resolution optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on the modulation of high-order sideband frequency sweep according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described optical filter is the narrow band filter based on Fiber Bragg Grating FBG or the optical filter of diffraction grating.
4. the high spatial resolution optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on the modulation of high-order sideband frequency sweep according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described Fiber Bragg Grating FBG reflectivity is greater than 99%, and it is shaped as Flat-top type, and its extinction ratio is not less than 40dB.
5. the high spatial resolution optical frequency domain reflectometer system based on the modulation of high-order sideband frequency sweep according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the swept light source equivalence sweep limits of described use is
Δ F, the lowest modulation frequency of the radiofrequency signal that the radio-frequency signal generator of employing produces is
f low , the radiofrequency signal scanning frequency speed of employing is
γ, the radiofrequency signal frequency sweep time of employing is
τ, centre wavelength and the bandwidth of the optical filter of employing are adjustable; Spatial resolution theoretical boundary by
Δ l=c/2n Δ Fdetermine radiofrequency signal swept frequency range
Δ f rF =γ τ, the swept frequency range of the N rank sideband modulating is
Δ f n =N γ τ,
Δ f n <
f low .
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| CN104022435A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-03 | 上海交通大学 | Super-speed oversized bandwidth four-wave mixing continuous linear frequency sweeping laser source |
| CN104296965A (en) * | 2014-09-20 | 2015-01-21 | 江苏骏龙电力科技股份有限公司 | OFDR experiment system |
| CN104897376A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-09 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | Laser line width measuring method and system |
| CN105490738A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-04-13 | 上海交通大学 | Frequency combination-based optical frequency domain reflection method and system |
| WO2017117707A1 (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2017-07-13 | 上海交通大学 | Frequency synthesis-based optical frequency domain reflectometry method and system |
| CN108507981A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-07 | 南京大学 | Silica-based waveguides back reflection sensing device based on OFDR and its measurement method |
| CN109073364A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-12-21 | 直观外科手术操作公司 | The method and apparatus for monitoring and optimizing for OFDR (FBG) demodulator |
| CN111238550A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-05 | 浙江大学 | Optical frequency domain reflectometer system with digital modulation type frequency sweep |
| CN115950372A (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-04-11 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Distributed multi-dimensional sensing optical fiber shape sensing measurement method and system |
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| CN104022435A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-03 | 上海交通大学 | Super-speed oversized bandwidth four-wave mixing continuous linear frequency sweeping laser source |
| CN104296965A (en) * | 2014-09-20 | 2015-01-21 | 江苏骏龙电力科技股份有限公司 | OFDR experiment system |
| CN104897376A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-09 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | Laser line width measuring method and system |
| CN104897376B (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2018-01-05 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | A kind of laser linewidth measuring method and system |
| CN105490738A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-04-13 | 上海交通大学 | Frequency combination-based optical frequency domain reflection method and system |
| WO2017117707A1 (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2017-07-13 | 上海交通大学 | Frequency synthesis-based optical frequency domain reflectometry method and system |
| CN105490738B (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2017-10-03 | 上海交通大学 | Probe beam deflation method and system based on frequency synthesis |
| US10461850B2 (en) | 2016-01-05 | 2019-10-29 | Shanghai Jiaotong University | Frequency synthesis-based optical frequency domain reflectometry method and system |
| CN109073364A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-12-21 | 直观外科手术操作公司 | The method and apparatus for monitoring and optimizing for OFDR (FBG) demodulator |
| US10782121B2 (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2020-09-22 | Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for OFDR interrogator monitoring and optimization |
| CN109073364B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2021-02-05 | 直观外科手术操作公司 | Method and device for monitoring and optimizing OFDR demodulator |
| US11162782B2 (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2021-11-02 | Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for OFDR interrogator monitoring and optimization |
| US11733031B2 (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2023-08-22 | Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for OFDR interrogator monitoring and optimization |
| CN108507981A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-07 | 南京大学 | Silica-based waveguides back reflection sensing device based on OFDR and its measurement method |
| CN108507981B (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2020-09-22 | 南京大学 | Silicon-based waveguide back reflection sensing device based on OFDR (optical frequency domain reflectometry) and measuring method thereof |
| CN111238550A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-05 | 浙江大学 | Optical frequency domain reflectometer system with digital modulation type frequency sweep |
| CN111238550B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-08-17 | 浙江大学 | Optical frequency domain reflectometer system with digital modulation type frequency sweep |
| CN115950372A (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-04-11 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Distributed multi-dimensional sensing optical fiber shape sensing measurement method and system |
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Effective date of registration: 20210416 Address after: No. 112, area C, Liye building, sensor network University Science Park, taikeyuan, Xinwu District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, 214000 Patentee after: WUXI ALLIANSTREAM PHOTON TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 368, Tuoning East Road, Tuotang Town, Lishui Economic Development Zone, Nanjing Patentee before: NANJING GUIYUAN PHOTOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20230525 Address after: No. 1, Building 6, Qianren Entrepreneurship Park, Economic Development Zone, No. 98 Huiming Road, Fenghua District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, 315500 Patentee after: Ningbo Lianhe Photonics Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 112, area C, Liye building, sensor network University Science Park, taikeyuan, Xinwu District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, 214000 Patentee before: WUXI ALLIANSTREAM PHOTON TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |
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Effective date of registration: 20240305 Address after: No. 112, area C, Liye building, sensor network University Science Park, taikeyuan, Xinwu District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, 214000 Patentee after: WUXI ALLIANSTREAM PHOTON TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Country or region after: China Address before: No. 1, Building 6, Qianren Entrepreneurship Park, Economic Development Zone, No. 98 Huiming Road, Fenghua District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, 315500 Patentee before: Ningbo Lianhe Photonics Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |