CN103760176B - The apparatus and method of X ray and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter - Google Patents

The apparatus and method of X ray and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter Download PDF

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CN103760176B
CN103760176B CN201410023053.5A CN201410023053A CN103760176B CN 103760176 B CN103760176 B CN 103760176B CN 201410023053 A CN201410023053 A CN 201410023053A CN 103760176 B CN103760176 B CN 103760176B
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陈曦
钟文琪
邵应娟
金保昇
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Southeast University
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Abstract

The invention discloses the device of a kind of X ray and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter, comprise just to the radiating portion be arranged in before and after target area outside two parallel wall surfaces and receiving unit, multiple ultrasonic generators circumferentially that radiating portion comprises X-ray light source and is arranged in X-ray light source is the center of circle, X-ray light source drives by modulating high-voltage power supply, described ultrasonic generator is connected with high frequency driver, multiple ultrasonic sensors circumferentially that receiving unit comprises X-ray flat panel detector and is arranged in the center of X-ray flat panel detector is the center of circle, X-ray flat panel detector is connected with picture signal collector, ultrasonic sensor is connected with ultrasonic signal collector, high-voltage power supply can be modulated, high frequency driver, picture signal collector and ultrasonic signal collector are all connected with process computer, also disclose the measuring method of described device simultaneously.Present invention achieves that stream field is noiseless, three peacekeepings measurement mechanism and method accurately.

Description

The apparatus and method of X ray and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter
Technical field
The present invention relates to the apparatus and method of a kind of X ray and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter, belong to technical field of multiphase flow measurement.
Background technology
Various material can describe with three kinds mutually in the existence form of occurring in nature, i.e. gas phase, liquid phase and solid phase.Multiphase Flow is often referred to the flowing of two or more material, and these materials can exist with any one form in above-mentioned three-phase.Multiphase Flow is one of modal phenomenon of occurring in nature, and the band sand drift of such as natural water moves, mud-stone flow disaster etc.Simultaneously, in the production that Multiphase Flow phenomenon is also present in numerous industrial or agricultural field widely and processing procedure, such as petrochemical complex catalytic cracking production run, metallurgical Mineral Floating Process, seed pelleting process etc. in wastewater treatment in aeration tank purification process and agricultural production, the device completing above process all belongs to heterophase reactor.
Understanding and grasp heterophase reactor (as catalytic cracking tower, ore floatation machine, sewage aeration pond etc.) interior flowing law are basis and the key point of its optimal design and Effec-tive Function.But owing to including gas and liquid two kinds of continuous phases and solid discrete phase in heterophase reactor, compared with single-phase flowing or diphasic flow, its flowing law is more complicated, and its nowed forming and flow parameter are (as the Content and distribution of each phase, each phase movement velocity etc.) be more difficult to measure, research for gas-liquid-solid three-phase flowing in heterophase reactor is usually difficult to carry out, and causes depending on engineering experience more than the design and operation of multiple industrial multiphase reactor.Therefore the non-intrusion type method for three-dimensional measurement for gas-liquid-solid three-phase flowing in heterophase reactor and measurement mechanism is developed, and on this basis, its inside gas-liquid-solid three-phase flowing rule is conducted a research, the mechanism of understanding Heat and mass transfer between phases, under final grasp different operating parameter, the moving law of heterophase reactor, all has great importance to scientific research, engineering design and commercial Application.
At present, the measurement means for flow parameter in heterophase reactor is main still to use for reference the measuring method of single-phase flowing or diphasic flow.Such as pitot tube, PIV method, radioelement labelling method, sampling and measuring method, based on X-ray or hyperacoustic method.Pitot tube belongs to intrusive mood measurement means, easily causes interference to flowing, is originally mainly used in the fluid-velocity survey of single continuous phase, the speed of approximate measure continuous phase is may be used in gas-liquid-solid three-phase flowing, accuracy is poor, and because flowing is containing solid phase, easily causes pitot tube aperture to block.PIV is mainly used in the measurement of continuous phase turbulence structure and the motion of Gas-solid Two-phase Flow solid phase originally, the nowed forming of gas-liquid-solid three-phase flowing and the measurement of flow parameter under certain conditions can be used, but measure owing to belonging to visible ray, often helpless for blocking of alternate or flow interface.Radioelement labelling method is a kind of contactless measurement, may be used for the velocity survey of continuous phase or discrete phase or the measurement of phase content, but the use of radioelement is often along with safety problem.Sampling and measuring method mainly measures each phase content by the sample obtaining the flowing of a part of gas-liquid-solid three-phase, but sampling and measuring method is a kind of intrusive mood measuring method, and can produce interference to three phase flow, therefore accuracy also has certain problem.Measuring technique that is the most potential and that wish is based on X-ray or hyperacoustic method.Both all belong to contactless measuring method, but, because X-ray penetration capacity is comparatively strong, make X-ray transmission method often be difficult to provide the measurement data of gas phase, and its three-dimensional data that three-phase can not be provided to distribute; Although X-ray tomography method can provide the three-dimensional data (disclosed in CN200510086250.2 method) of detailed three-phase distribution, because its tomographic scanning procedure duration is long, cause its time poor accuracy; Ultrasonic method accuracy and information integrity better, but easily cause violent decay when it runs into solid phase, cause error, so it is usually for the measurement (disclosed in CN201210321362.1, CN200610015327.1 method) of gas liquid two-phase flow.
In heterophase reactor, the measurement of flow parameter is all an international difficult problem all the time, and stream field is noiseless, three peacekeepings are accurate not have a kind of method to realize completely at present.In order to promote the scientific research of heterophase reactor, engineering design and commercial Application energetically, lot of domestic and foreign colleges and universities, scientific research institution and enterprise all drop into a large amount of manpower and materials, be devoted to gas-liquid-solid three-phase flowing parameter measuring apparatus and the method for development of new, to grab the highland of intellecture property.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides the apparatus and method of X ray and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter, achieves that stream field is noiseless, three peacekeepings measurement mechanism and method accurately.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The device of X ray and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter, comprise just to the radiating portion be arranged in before and after target area outside two parallel wall surfaces and receiving unit, multiple ultrasonic generators circumferentially that described radiating portion comprises X-ray light source and is arranged in X-ray light source is the center of circle, described X-ray light source drives by modulating high-voltage power supply, described ultrasonic generator is connected with high frequency driver, multiple ultrasonic sensors circumferentially that described receiving unit comprises X-ray flat panel detector and is arranged in the center of X-ray flat panel detector is the center of circle, described X-ray flat panel detector is connected with picture signal collector, described ultrasonic sensor is connected with ultrasonic signal collector, describedly modulate high-voltage power supply, high frequency driver, picture signal collector and ultrasonic signal collector are all connected with process computer.
The x-ray that described X-ray light source sends is aimed at the center of X-ray flat panel detector through the center of target area, described ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic sensor are all arranged by angle demodulator, described ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic sensor one_to_one corresponding, the ultrasonic signal that described ultrasonic generator sends is received by corresponding ultrasonic sensor through the center of target area.
Described angle demodulator comprises in order to the movable plate of mounting ultrasonic generator or ultrasonic sensor, the fixed head, guide rail, lead screw shaft board, adjusting screw and the loading bearing that are connected with movable plate by connection bearing, described guide rail is fixed on fixed head, it is rail structure between described guide rail and lead screw shaft board, described lead screw shaft board moves horizontally on guide rail by rotating adjusting screw, and described lead screw shaft board top is fixed with the loading bearing extruding movable plate.
The measuring method of the device of X ray and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter, comprises the following steps,
Step one, definition three-dimensional cartesian coordinate, the positive direction of principal axis of X-axis is consistent with x-ray transmit direction, and YZ plane is parallel with the wall before and after target area;
Step 2, uses x-ray to measure and obtains the Content and distribution of gas-liquid-solid three-phase in target area YZ plane, uses ultrasonic signal to measure simultaneously and obtains the transmission ultrasonic wave data of target area on multiple ultrasonic signal direction;
Described utilization x-ray measures acquisition gas-liquid-solid three-phase:
A) use the x-ray being greater than 60KeV to measure and obtain the Content and distribution of solid phase in target area YZ plane;
B) use the x-ray being less than 30KeV to measure and obtain the Content and distribution of liquid-solid two-phase in target area YZ plane;
C) result obtained in first two steps is subtracted each other, obtain the Content and distribution of liquid phase in target area YZ plane;
D) then deduct the Content and distribution of liquid-solid two-phase in target area YZ plane by cumulative volume, obtain the Content and distribution of gas phase in target area YZ plane;
Step 3, according to the Content and distribution of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase obtained in target area YZ plane, estimate the Content and distribution of gas-liquid-solid three-phase in target area XY plane, then calculate according to ultrasonic attenuation rule the transmission ultrasonic wave data obtained on multiple ultrasonic signal direction on this basis;
The transmission ultrasonic wave data that the transmission ultrasonic wave data and calculating of measuring acquisition obtain are compared, if deviation is between the two not less than 10 by step 4 -4, then five are gone to step, if deviation is between the two less than 10 -4, go to step six;
Step 5, utilizes drift correction gas-liquid-solid three-phase in the estimated value of the Content and distribution of target area XY plane, then calculates according to ultrasonic attenuation rule the transmission ultrasonic wave data obtained on multiple ultrasonic signal direction on this basis, goes to step four;
Step 6, obtains the Content and distribution of gas-liquid-solid three-phase in XYZ three dimensions in target area according to the gas-liquid-solid three-phase that the gas-liquid-solid three-phase estimated obtains in the Content and distribution and step 2 of target area XY plane at the Content and distribution of target area YZ plane.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: 1, the present invention can realize measuring the non-contact 3-D of flow parameter in target area (content, distribution and movement velocity), overcomes the interference of classic method for flowing; 2, overcome the shortcoming of tradition simple X-ray transmission method spatial accuracy difference and simple X-ray tomography method time precision difference, adopt a set of X-ray light source and X-ray flat panel detector, reduce use cost; 3, overcome conventional ultrasound wave method because solid phase decay the error caused, make the use field of ultrasonic wave measuring method from gas-liquid two-phase expansion to gas-liquid-solid three-phase, and improve the accuracy of measurement; 4, after the gas-liquid-solid three-phase Content and distribution information obtaining target area YZ plane, the method of iterative computation is used to reconstruct the gas-liquid-solid three-phase Content and distribution information of target area XY plane, thus obtain the three-dimensional information of target area gas-liquid-solid three-phase Content and distribution, improve the accuracy of measurement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structure three-view diagram and the stereographic map of radiating portion and receiving unit, and wherein (A) is vertical view, and (B) is side view, and (C) is front elevation, (D) stereographic map.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the device of X ray and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter.
Fig. 3 is structure three-view diagram and the stereographic map of angle demodulator.
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of measuring method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 uses x-ray to measure to obtain the process flow diagram of gas-liquid-solid three-phase at the Content and distribution of target area YZ plane in method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the device of X ray and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter, comprise just to the radiating portion be arranged in before and after target area 11 outside two parallel wall surfaces and receiving unit, multiple ultrasonic generators 2 circumferentially that described radiating portion comprises X-ray light source 1 and is arranged in X-ray light source 1 is the center of circle, X-ray light source 1 has one in the present embodiment, ultrasonic generator 2 has four, described X-ray light source 1 drives 6 by modulating high-voltage power supply, described ultrasonic generator 2 is connected with high frequency driver 7, multiple ultrasonic sensors 5 circumferentially that described receiving unit comprises X-ray flat panel detector 4 and is arranged in the center of X-ray flat panel detector 4 is the center of circle, in the present embodiment, X-ray flat panel detector 4 has one, multiple ultrasonic sensor 5 has four, described X-ray flat panel detector 4 is connected with picture signal collector 8, described ultrasonic sensor 5 is connected with ultrasonic signal collector 9, describedly modulate high-voltage power supply 6, high frequency driver 7, picture signal collector 8 and ultrasonic signal collector 9 are all connected with process computer 10.
The x-ray that above-mentioned X-ray light source 1 sends is aimed at the center of X-ray flat panel detector 4 through the center of target area 11, described ultrasonic generator 2 and ultrasonic sensor 5 are all arranged by angle demodulator 3, described ultrasonic generator 2 and ultrasonic sensor 5 one_to_one corresponding, the ultrasonic signal that described ultrasonic generator 2 sends is received by corresponding ultrasonic sensor 5 through the center of target area 11.
As shown in Figure 3, described angle demodulator 3 comprises in order to the movable plate 12 of mounting ultrasonic generator 2 or ultrasonic sensor 5, the fixed head 16, guide rail 18, lead screw shaft board 14, adjusting screw 15 and the loading bearing 13 that are connected with movable plate 12 by connection bearing 17, described guide rail 18 is fixed on fixed head 16, be rail structure between described guide rail 18 and lead screw shaft board 14, described lead screw shaft board 14 moves horizontally on the track 18 by rotating adjusting screw 15, and described lead screw shaft board 14 top is fixed with the loading bearing 13 extruding movable plate 12.Angle demodulator 3 is by making lead screw shaft board 14 move horizontally on the track 18 by rotating adjusting screw 15, and loading bearing 13 extrudes movable plate 12 makes the angle between movable plate 12 and fixed head 16 change.
As shown in Figure 4, the measuring method of the device of X ray and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter, comprises the following steps,
Step one, definition three-dimensional cartesian coordinate, the positive direction of principal axis of X-axis is consistent with x-ray transmit direction, and YZ plane is parallel with the wall before and after target area 11.
Step 2, uses x-ray to measure and obtains the Content and distribution of gas-liquid-solid three-phase in target area 11YZ plane, uses ultrasonic signal to measure simultaneously and obtains the transmission ultrasonic wave data of target area 11 on multiple ultrasonic signal direction.
Process computer 10 controls four ultrasonic generators 2 that high frequency driver 7 drives X-ray light source 1 periphery, four ultrasonic generators 2 all send ultrasonic signal and are received by corresponding four ultrasonic sensors 5 through the center of target area 11, the ultrasonic signal received is converted into electric signal by ultrasonic sensor 5, then electrical signal transfer is processed to ultrasonic signal collector 9, be uploaded to process computer 10 after process, process computer 10 stores the transmission ultrasonic wave data of target area 11 on four direction.
As shown in Figure 5, described utilization x-ray measurement acquisition gas-liquid-solid three-phase in the step of the Content and distribution of target area 11YZ plane is:
A) use the x-ray being greater than 60KeV to measure and obtain the Content and distribution of solid phase in target area 11YZ plane.
Process computer 10 sends control signal and makes to modulate the high-voltage signal (being generally 80KV) that high-voltage power supply 6 launches through ovennodulation and drive X-ray light source 1, X-ray light source 1 sends the x-ray of energy higher (being greater than 60KeV), these x-rays can penetrate gas-liquid two-phase with small loss, but penetrate solid phase with greater loss, and final arrival X-ray flat panel detector 4, the x-ray received is treated to electric signal by X-ray flat panel detector 4, and pass to after picture signal collector 8 is converted into image and be uploaded to process computer 10, process computer 10 obtains energy attenuation information by analysis chart picture, thus obtain the Content and distribution of solid phase in target area 11YZ plane, this step continues about 5 milliseconds.
B) use the x-ray being less than 30KeV to measure and obtain the Content and distribution of liquid-solid two-phase in target area 11YZ plane.
Process computer 10 sends control signal and makes to modulate the low-voltage signal that high-voltage power supply 6 launches through ovennodulation and drive X-ray light source 1, X-ray light source 1 sends the x-ray of energy lower (being less than 30KeV), these x-rays can penetrate gas phase with small loss, but penetrate liquid phase and solid phase with greater loss, and final arrival X-ray flat panel detector 4, the x-ray received is treated to electric signal by X-ray flat panel detector 4, and pass to after picture signal collector 8 is converted into image and be uploaded to process computer 10, process computer 10 obtains energy attenuation information by analysis chart picture, thus obtain the Content and distribution of liquid-solid two-phase in target area 11YZ plane, this step continues about 5 milliseconds.
C) result obtained in first two steps is subtracted each other, obtain the Content and distribution of liquid phase in target area 11YZ plane.
D) then deduct the Content and distribution of liquid-solid two-phase in target area 11YZ plane by cumulative volume, obtain the Content and distribution of gas phase in target area 11YZ plane.
Step 3, according to the Content and distribution of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase obtained in target area 11YZ plane, estimate the Content and distribution of gas-liquid-solid three-phase in target area 11XY plane, then calculate according to ultrasonic attenuation rule the transmission ultrasonic wave data obtained on four ultrasonic signal directions on this basis.
The transmission ultrasonic wave data that the transmission ultrasonic wave data and calculating of measuring acquisition obtain are compared, if deviation is between the two not less than 10 by step 4 -4, then five are gone to step, if deviation is between the two less than 10 -4, go to step six.
Step 5, utilizes drift correction gas-liquid-solid three-phase in the estimated value of the Content and distribution of target area 11XY plane, then calculates according to ultrasonic attenuation rule the transmission ultrasonic wave data obtained on four ultrasonic signal directions on this basis, goes to step four.
Step 6, obtains the Content and distribution of gas-liquid-solid three-phase in XYZ three dimensions in target area 11 according to the gas-liquid-solid three-phase that the gas-liquid-solid three-phase estimated obtains in the Content and distribution and step 2 of target area 11XY plane at the Content and distribution of target area 11YZ plane.
If obtain the movement velocity of gas-liquid-solid three-phase, only need after the Δ t time, repeat above step, the Content and distribution of gas-liquid-solid three-phase in XYZ three dimensions after the acquisition Δ t time, by the distance of gas-liquid-solid three-phase movement separately in three dimensions divided by Δ t, the movement velocity of gas-liquid-solid three-phase can be obtained.
General thought of the present invention is measured together with ultrasonic measurement two kinds of methods combining by X-ray, realize flow parameter (content in target area, distribution and movement velocity) non-contact 3-D measure, overcome the interference of classic method for flowing, overcome the shortcoming of the simple X-ray transmission method spatial accuracy difference of tradition and simple X-ray tomography method time precision difference, adopt a set of X-ray light source and X-ray flat panel detector, reduce use cost, overcome conventional ultrasound wave method because solid phase decays the error caused, the use field of ultrasonic wave measuring method is expanded to gas-liquid-solid three-phase from gas-liquid two-phase, and improve the accuracy of measurement.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make multiple improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

  1. The device of 1.X ray and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter, it is characterized in that: comprise just to the radiating portion be arranged in before and after target area (11) outside two parallel wall surfaces and receiving unit, multiple ultrasonic generators (2) circumferentially that described radiating portion comprises X-ray light source (1) and is arranged in X-ray light source (1) is the center of circle, described X-ray light source (1) drives by modulating high-voltage power supply (6), described ultrasonic generator (2) is connected with high frequency driver (7), described receiving unit comprises X-ray flat panel detector (4) and is arranged in the center of X-ray flat panel detector (4) is multiple ultrasonic sensors (5) circumferentially in the center of circle, described X-ray flat panel detector (4) is connected with picture signal collector (8), described ultrasonic sensor (5) is connected with ultrasonic signal collector (9), describedly modulate high-voltage power supply (6), high frequency driver (7), picture signal collector (8) and ultrasonic signal collector (9) are all connected with process computer (10).
  2. 2. the device of X ray according to claim 1 and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter, it is characterized in that: the x-ray that described X-ray light source (1) sends is aimed at the center of X-ray flat panel detector (4) through the center of target area (11), described ultrasonic generator (2) and ultrasonic sensor (5) are all arranged by angle demodulator (3), described ultrasonic generator (2) and ultrasonic sensor (5) one_to_one corresponding, the ultrasonic signal that described ultrasonic generator (2) sends is received by corresponding ultrasonic sensor (5) through the center of target area (11).
  3. 3. the device of X ray according to claim 2 and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter, it is characterized in that: described angle demodulator (3) comprises the movable plate (12) in order to mounting ultrasonic generator (2) or ultrasonic sensor (5), by the fixed head (16) that connection bearing (17) is connected with movable plate (12), guide rail (18), lead screw shaft board (14), adjusting screw (15) and loading bearing (13), described guide rail (18) is fixed on fixed head (16), be rail structure between described guide rail (18) and lead screw shaft board (14), described lead screw shaft board (14) moves horizontally on guide rail (18) by rotating adjusting screw (15), described lead screw shaft board (14) top is fixed with the loading bearing (13) extruding movable plate (12).
  4. 4. the measuring method of the device of X ray according to claim 1 and ultrasonic combined measurement Multiphase Flow parameter, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,
    Step one, definition three-dimensional cartesian coordinate, the positive direction of principal axis of X-axis is consistent with x-ray transmit direction, and YZ plane is parallel with the wall before and after target area (11);
    Step 2, use x-ray to measure and obtain the Content and distribution of gas-liquid-solid three-phase in target area (11) YZ plane, use ultrasonic signal to measure simultaneously and obtain target area (11) the transmission ultrasonic wave data on multiple ultrasonic signal direction;
    Described utilization x-ray measures acquisition gas-liquid-solid three-phase:
    A) use the x-ray being greater than 60KeV to measure and obtain the Content and distribution of solid phase in target area (11) YZ plane;
    B) use the x-ray being less than 30KeV to measure and obtain the Content and distribution of liquid-solid two-phase in target area (11) YZ plane;
    C) result obtained in first two steps is subtracted each other, obtain the Content and distribution of liquid phase in target area (11) YZ plane;
    D) then deduct the Content and distribution of liquid-solid two-phase in target area (11) YZ plane by cumulative volume, obtain the Content and distribution of gas phase in target area (11) YZ plane;
    Step 3, according to the Content and distribution of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase obtained in target area (11) YZ plane, estimate the Content and distribution of gas-liquid-solid three-phase in target area (11) XY plane, then calculate according to ultrasonic attenuation rule the transmission ultrasonic wave data obtained on multiple ultrasonic signal direction on this basis;
    The transmission ultrasonic wave data that the transmission ultrasonic wave data and calculating of measuring acquisition obtain are compared, if deviation is between the two not less than 10 by step 4 -4, then five are gone to step, if deviation is between the two less than 10 -4, go to step six;
    Step 5, utilize drift correction gas-liquid-solid three-phase in the estimated value of the Content and distribution of target area (11) XY plane, then calculate according to ultrasonic attenuation rule the transmission ultrasonic wave data obtained on multiple ultrasonic signal direction on this basis, go to step four;
    Step 6, obtains the Content and distribution of gas-liquid-solid three-phase in XYZ three dimensions in target area (11) according to the gas-liquid-solid three-phase that the gas-liquid-solid three-phase estimated obtains in the Content and distribution and step 2 of target area (11) XY plane at the Content and distribution of target area (11) YZ plane.
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