CN103758943A - 直连混合动力系统用变速器及该系统 - Google Patents

直连混合动力系统用变速器及该系统 Download PDF

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CN103758943A
CN103758943A CN201310747182.4A CN201310747182A CN103758943A CN 103758943 A CN103758943 A CN 103758943A CN 201310747182 A CN201310747182 A CN 201310747182A CN 103758943 A CN103758943 A CN 103758943A
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gear
shaft
output
output shaft
speed changer
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王涛
张金毅
杨伟达
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Tianjin Santroll Electric Automobile Technology Co Ltd
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Tianjin Santroll Electric Automobile Technology Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/083—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with radially acting and axially controlled clutching members, e.g. sliding keys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/091—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears including a single countershaft

Abstract

本发明涉及直连混合动力系统用变速器及该系统，该直连式混合动力系统由发动机，变速器，电动机连接而成，该变速器是平行轴变速器，设置有换档滑套；当系统处于纯电动驱动模式时，所述变速器置于空档；换档时，使发动机转速达到或者接近设定值，所述滑套将第一输出齿轮或者第二输出齿轮与所述输出轴相连接；该系统通过精确控制发动机与电动机的转动，能够有效实现快速换档。

Description

直连混合动力系统用变速器及该系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种混合动力系统的变速器，并且提供使用该变速器的混合动力系统。
背景技术
同轴混联混合动力系统一般结构为发动机、变速器、电动机沿同一轴线设置，发动机与变速器之间设置有离合器，但是这种传统的混合动力系统由于离合器的使用，使系统体积增大，可靠性下降，并给控制系统的设计带来一定的难度。为了解决系统可靠性及体积问题，在混合动力系统不使用离合器，使用AMT电控换档，成为一种技术发展趋势。在发动机，变速器，电动机同轴连接的混合动力系统中，靠发动机与电动机转速的调整，将变速器两侧的转速调到与变速器档位相匹配的程度，然后由电控换档。在此期间出现的另一个问题是，现有的AMT变速器中通常设置同步器，其作用是依靠摩擦实现待接触的两齿圈转速几乎相同，避免齿圈因碰撞而损坏。混合动力系统中变速器两侧分别是发动机与电动机，二者由于重量不同等原因，即使转速相同也会存在较大的转矩差，当二者之间安装有离合器时，换档前先将离合器脱开，变速器一侧与电动机相连，另一侧空转，此时同步器能起到较好的“同步”的作用；而变速器中的同步器的“同步”作用非常有限，当系统中没有离合器时，变速器两侧转矩不同，同步器起不了“同步”的作用且会阻碍换档，所以针对无离合器的混合动力系统，需要设计不带同步器的变速器进行匹配。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种适用于直连式混合动力系统的变速器及直连系统，该系统中发动机与变速器直接连接，通过精确控制发动机与电动机的转动，能够有效实现快速换档。本发明提供的技术方案为：
一种适用于直联式混合动力车辆的变速器，包括输入轴，中间轴，输出轴，所述输入轴、中间轴、输出轴平行设置，输入轴与输出轴位于同一直线上；
输入齿轮，固定设置于所述输入轴上；
第一中间齿轮，固定设置于所述中间轴上，并与所述输入齿轮连动；第二中间齿轮，固定设置于所述中间轴上，并与所述第二输入齿轮连动；
第三中间齿轮，固定设置于所述中间轴上；
第一输出齿轮，可转动地设置于所述输出轴上，并与所述第二中间齿轮连动；
第二输出齿轮，可转动地设置于所述输出轴上，并与所述第三中间齿轮连动；
滑套，可以选择性地将第一输出齿轮或者第二输出齿轮与所述输出轴相对固定。所述滑套由一电子控制装置控制其滑动。
另外，还提供一种直连混合动力系统，包括发动机，上述的变速器，电动机；所述发动机扭转减震器与所述变速器输入轴相连接，所述变速器输出轴与所述电动机输入轴相连接，所述发动机输出轴、变速器输出轴、电动机转子轴位于同一旋转中心线上；
当系统处于纯电动驱动模式时，所述变速器置于空档。换档时，使发动机转速达到或者接近设定值，所述滑套将第一输出齿轮或者第二输出齿轮与所述输出轴相固定连接。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的直连混合动力系统用变速器示意图。
图2是使用本发明变速器的直连混合动力系统。
100是变速器输入轴，200是输出轴，300是中间轴，101是输入齿轮，201是第一输出齿轮，202是第二输出齿轮，203是换档齿轮，301是第一中间齿轮，302是第二中间齿轮，303是第三中间齿轮，400是滑套。
具体实施方式
图1是本发明提供的直连混合动力系统用变速器示意图。该变速器包括输入轴100，用于连接发动机输出端；输出轴200，用于连接电动机输出端；中间300轴，用于传递动力及换档操作；输入轴100、输出轴200、中间轴300三者相互平行；输入齿轮101固定设置于所述输入轴100上，与固定设置于中间轴300上的第一中间齿轮301相啮合；固定设置于中间轴300上的第二中间齿轮302以及固定设置于所述中间轴300上的第三中间齿轮303；另外包括第一输出齿轮201，可转动地设置于所述输出轴200上，并与所述第二中间齿轮302相啮合；第二输出齿轮202，可转动地设置于所述输出轴200上，并与所述第三中间303齿轮相啮合。
第一输出齿轮201与第二输出齿轮202中间设置有滑套400，该滑套400可以选择性地将第一输出齿轮201或者第二输出齿轮202与输出轴200相对固定连接。具体地，在输出轴上设置一与输出轴相对固定的换档齿轮203，滑套活动设置于该换档齿轮203上，滑套400与一换档拨叉（图中未示出）相连。换挡拨叉由电子控制机构通过电子液压机构控制，根据电子控制机构收集到的发动机与电动机转速，适时进行换档。
该变速器为三档变速器：当滑套置于换档齿轮上，不与第一输出齿轮或第二输出齿轮接时，变速器位于空档；当换档拨叉拨动滑套，使换档齿轮与第一输出齿轮相接，则第一输出齿轮与输出轴固定，变速器处于第一档；当换档拨叉拨动滑套与第二输出齿轮相接，则第二输出齿轮与输出轴固定，变速器处理第二档。
本发明还提供安装有该变速器的混合动力系统，由发动机、变速器、电动机依次同轴相连，即发动机输出轴、变速器输入轴设置在同一轴线上，变速器输入轴连接于发动机扭转减震器中心，使发动机动力从发动机飞轮、扭转减震器传递给变速器，经变速器档位变换后驱动车辆；变速器输出轴与电动机轴轮输入端相连，必要时可以使发动机与电动机动力耦合，共同驱动车辆。由于本系统中没有离合器，变速器的换档操作由发动机和电动机进行转速协调控制，即：
当系统需要处于电动机单独驱动模式，即纯电动模式下，使变速器置于空档，变速器滑套位于换档齿轮上，既不将第一输出齿轮与换档齿轮固定也不将第二输出齿轮与换档齿轮固定，变速器输出轴可以独立于中间轴和输入轴旋转，即电动机独立于发动机旋转，从而实现电动机单独驱动；
当系统需要发动机参与时，由于电动机处于一定转速，滑套无法将高速旋转的换档齿轮与静止的第一或第二输出齿轮固定，所以需要先换发动机起动，使发动机转速达到或者接近设定值（该设定值是根据预定档位的变速比与当前电动机转速进行换算得出），由电子控制装置控制换档拨叉拨动滑套，使其将第一或者第二输出齿轮与换档齿轮相连接，换档完成。在发动机模式下，电动机会随着动力传输轴一同旋转，根据需要提供动力。同理，当从发动机模式一档换到二档过程中，先将变速器置于空档，由电动机维持驱动，然后将发动机转速调节至达到或者接近设定值（该设定值是根据预定档位的变速比与当前电动机转速进行换算得出），由电子控制装置控制换档拨叉拨动滑套，使其将第一或者第二输出齿轮与换档齿轮相连接，换档完成。

Claims (5)

1.一种适用于直联式混合动力车辆的变速器，包括输入轴，中间轴，输出轴，所述输入轴、中间轴、输出轴平行设置，输入轴与输出轴位于同一直线上； 
输入齿轮，固定设置于所述输入轴上； 
第一中间齿轮，固定设置于所述中间轴上，并与所述输入齿轮连动；第二中间齿轮，固定设置于所述中间轴上，并与所述第二输入齿轮连动； 
第三中间齿轮，固定设置于所述中间轴上； 
第一输出齿轮，可转动地设置于所述输出轴上，并与所述第二中间齿轮连动； 
第二输出齿轮，可转动地设置于所述输出轴上，并与所述第三中间齿轮连动； 
滑套，可以选择性地将第一输出齿轮或者第二输出齿轮与所述输出轴相对固定。 
2.根据权利要求1所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述滑套由一电子控制装置控制其滑动。 
3.使用权利要求1或2所述的变速器的直联式混合动力系统，其特征在于，包括发动机，权利要求1或2所述的变速器，电动机；所述发动机扭转减震器与所述变速器输入轴相连接，所述变速器输出轴与所述电动机输入轴相连接，所述发动机输出轴、变速器输出轴、电动机转子轴位于同一旋转中心线上。 
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力系统，其特征在于， 当系统处于纯电动驱动模式时，所述变速器置于空档。 
5.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力系统，其特征在于，换档时，使发动机转速达到或者接近设定值，所述滑套将第一输出齿轮或者第二输出齿轮与所述输出轴相固定连接。 
CN201310747182.4A 2013-12-25 2013-12-25 直连混合动力系统用变速器及该系统 Pending CN103758943A (zh)

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CN107020935A (zh) * 2017-06-02 2017-08-08 吉林大学 一种基于滑套换挡变速器的电驱动桥系统及控制方法
CN108422849A (zh) * 2018-04-04 2018-08-21 精进电动科技股份有限公司 一种纵置双动力源车辆驱动总成
CN110936805A (zh) * 2018-09-21 2020-03-31 长城汽车股份有限公司 用于车辆的动力传动系统以及车辆
CN111878429A (zh) * 2020-08-05 2020-11-03 杭州派祺空气净化科技有限公司 一种超驰模式磁悬浮节能型鼓风机
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