CN103754986B - A kind of Oil stain mixture separation system - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of Oil stain mixture separation system is provided, its main body is the separator main body (114) of roughly cylindrical tube shape, and major parts comprises spiral slot cylindrical shell (104), spiral slot (108), mixed solution entry portal (110), water shoot (113), particulate matter settlement plate (111) and separator main body (114); Separator main body (114) inner side is provided with spiral slot cylindrical shell (104), is close to spiral slot cylindrical shell (104) inwall and spiral slot (108) is installed; Separator main body (114) bottom is provided with entry to mixed solution (109), and the mixed solution of entry to mixed solution (109) enters flow velocity at more than 2m/s.Use Oil stain mixture separation system of the present invention can control the ratio of oily water separation, and have wide range of applications.

Description

A kind of oil pollution mixture separation system

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of physical separation of substances, and in particular relates to an oil and dirt mixture separation system, which is suitable for the oil and dirt mixture separation system in the petrochemical industry with large processing capacity.

Background technique

With the development of economy and society, wastewater pollution is increasing day by day, and environmental pollution is getting more and more attention from the people. Oily wastewater is common in many wastewaters, and it is easy to cause environmental pollution. Industrial and domestic wastewater is seriously harmful, and its treatment is domestic and foreign have drawn great attention. At present, oily wastewater will be produced in the process of oil exploration, oil refining, petrochemical industry, vehicle cleaning, machinery manufacturing, food processing, etc. Once oily pollutants enter the water body, they immediately spread on the water surface to form an oil film, preventing the water body from reoxygenating from the atmosphere. Oil has a wide range of migration and slow degradation, which ultimately affects human health. According to the source of oily wastewater and the different forms of oil in water, it can be divided into four categories: floating oil, dispersed oil, emulsified oil and dissolved oil. These oils have complex components, containing a large amount of mineral oil or vegetable oil, emulsifiers and other organic substances, with high emulsification degree, stable properties and difficult removal. Therefore, how to efficiently separate oil and water to meet emission standards is still a difficult problem.

At present, the commonly used methods for treating oily wastewater include gravity separation, centrifugal separation, air flotation, ultrafiltration, filtration, adsorption and so on. Each treatment has its own advantages and disadvantages. Gravity separation and centrifugal separation can only separate floating oil in water and a small amount of dispersed oil with large particle size, and basically have no removal effect on dispersed, emulsified, and dissolved oil, so they are usually used as pretreatment devices for oily wastewater. The air flotation method is based on the principle of buoyancy, the oil droplets of emulsified oil and dispersed oil are adhered to a large number of micro-bubbles, and the bubbles take the oil droplets out of the water surface due to their own buoyancy to achieve solid-liquid separation. In practical application, due to the different quality of wastewater, the selected air flotation process is also different considering the treatment effect, infrastructure and operation costs and other factors. The more common ones are the vacuum dissolved air flotation method and the pressurized dissolved air flotation method. The former is rarely used due to various factors, and the latter is the most commonly used air flotation method. Air flotation is generally combined with coagulation technology, which can remove most of the dispersed oil in water, and has a certain removal rate for emulsified and dissolved oil, so it is the most widely used oily wastewater treatment method. However, the existing traditional air flotation method has several disadvantages in the treatment of oily wastewater: oil slicks are difficult to handle, and the flotation time stays for a long time; sludge is easily deposited at the bottom of the air flotation tank, and the releaser is frequently blocked; The equipment occupies a large area and the investment cost is high; the integrity of the equipment is not complete and the installation is cumbersome; for the oily wastewater mainly emulsified oil and dissolved oil, the removal effect of traditional air flotation is not good.

In recent years, ultrafiltration has been mainly used to concentrate emulsified mineral oil. Although ultrafiltration technology can effectively separate oil and water under certain conditions, the membrane fouling generated during the concentration process will lead to serious attenuation of membrane flux, a significant increase in transmembrane pressure difference, shortened membrane life, reduced membrane separation efficiency, and increased energy consumption. Most ultrafiltration membranes enter the frequent cleaning period after half a year of operation, which not only consumes a large amount of cleaning agent, but also causes secondary pollution of oily cleaning fluid. Few ultrafiltration membranes can last more than two years. Since the membrane investment is usually large, the initial investment and operating costs of the ultrafiltration oil removal system are high. In addition, ultrafiltration has very low tolerance to oil slicks. Once oil slicks occur in the system due to poor pretreatment, concentration and precipitation, etc., it will cause irreversible damage to the ultrafiltration membrane.

Filtration and adsorption methods mainly use special filter materials (walnut shells, oil-absorbing plastics) to absorb trace amounts of oil in water. This method is only applicable when the oil content in the wastewater is very low, otherwise the filter material will be saturated very quickly. Frequent cleaning and regeneration will cause mechanical damage to the filter material, and because it is difficult to completely backwash the filter material will gradually lose its effectiveness, it needs to be replenished frequently, and the operating cost is high. And when the oil droplets are emulsified, the removal effect of this method is not good. The high-efficiency oil-water separation device disclosed in Chinese patent CN201342267Y is realized in the following way: it includes a separation container and a partition, a water pump is arranged on the upper side of the separation container, a cover plate is arranged on the top of the separation container, a water inlet is arranged on the cover plate, and a water outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the container. The water baffle plate, oil baffle plate and positioning plate set at the bottom of the separation container divide the separation container into oil, separation pool and water pool in turn, and the oil outlet pipe is set on the top of the oil pool; there is a communication port between the lower end of the oil baffle plate and the bottom of the separation pool; the separation pool An air flotation pipe is provided at the bottom, and the air flotation pipe is connected with an air flotation pump. This separation device is only suitable for oily wastewater with relatively small water volume, and the treatment process is long, and the wastewater flow and operation cannot be well controlled.

Chinese patent CN102225812A oil field reinjection water membrane treatment, its basic process includes: oily sewage enters the settling tank to settle, remove part of the large suspended solids and slick oil, the settled water enters the ceramic membrane ultrafiltration equipment, and circulates inside the ceramic membrane equipment Filtration, the permeate that passes through the membrane is directly reinjected, and the permeate that is not permeated continues to settle and circulate and filter. Although the process is simple and the filtration accuracy is high, after a period of operation, oil and other dirt will block the membrane tube, resulting in a significant attenuation of the membrane flux, and it is difficult to achieve the result of oil-water separation smoothly.

Based on the wide application of cyclone separation technology in the treatment of oily wastewater, many water treatment manufacturers have recently proposed the idea of combining traditional air flotation and cyclone technology, and achieved some research results.

U.S. Patent No. 7,157,007 describes a three-phase separation device for oil, gas, and water. The device is a vertical air flotation separation tank, which is mainly divided into upper, middle, and lower layers. and air flotation separation technology. An inner cylinder is installed in the middle of the upper part of the tank. The oily waste water enters the inner cylinder from the tangential inlet to generate swirling flow, and the oil and water are separated in the inner cylinder, and the oil phase directly enters the oil skimmer. When the water flowing from the bottom of the inner cylinder passes through the coalescing layer in the middle of the tank, the dispersed oil droplets gather and grow. Under the action of buoyancy, some large-particle oil droplets will overcome their own gravity and the downward flow of the main phase and start to float upward, thereby removing part of the oil. An ejector is installed at the lower part of the tank, and the gas at the top of the tank and the reflux purified water are sheared and mixed in the ejector to generate tiny bubbles to perform air flotation treatment on the oily wastewater flowing down from the coalescing layer. However, the regular cleaning of the coalescing layer is very troublesome, and the internal structure of the whole set of equipment is very complicated, and the cost of processing and manufacturing is relatively high.

U.S. Patent No. 7,144,503 describes a combined degassing flotation tank. There is a cylindrical inner cylinder and a spiral inlet guide in the tank. The oily wastewater enters the tank from the tangential inlet on the upper part of the tank to form a swirling flow, and at the same time, the air bubbles flow from the Precipitate in water. Bubbles and oil droplets are pressed to the inner cylinder wall under the action of the swirling flow, and the two are combined and adhered to rise to the top of the tank, and are discharged through the oil and gas outlet on the top of the tank. According to the report of the patentee, this device has a good treatment effect on oily wastewater, and the cost and maintenance costs are very low. It is more suitable for offshore oil production platforms or floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) and other space requirements. field use. But from the structural diagram attached to this patent, there are some problems in the oil and air bubble scum rising to the top of the tank. Especially the offshore oil production platform or FPSO will be in a sloshing state due to the action of waves, waves, and currents. At this time, the liquid level inside the tank is difficult to maintain stable, resulting in excessive water content in the oil discharged from the device and the air bubble scum. High, which seriously affects the separation effect.

It can be seen from the above that the current existing treatment technologies are difficult to achieve good treatment effects on oily sewage, especially when the components of oily sewage become more and more complex, the treatment becomes more and more difficult.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventor proposed a separation system for oil-contamination mixture after several designs and researches aimed at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art.

According to the technical solution of the present invention, the main body of the oil-contamination mixture separation system provided is a roughly cylindrical separator body 114, and the main components include a spiral groove cylinder 104, a spiral groove 108, a mixed liquid injection port 110, and a drain pipe 113 1. Particle settling plate 111 and separator main body 114; a spiral groove cylinder 104 is arranged inside the separator main body 114, and a spiral groove 108 is installed close to the inner wall of the spiral groove cylinder 104; a mixed liquid is arranged at the bottom of the separator main body 114 Inlet 109, the flow rate of the mixed liquid entering the mixed liquid inlet 109 is above 2m/s.

Preferably, the spiral groove cylinder 104 is used for cyclone separation, and the oil-water mixture jetted from the mixed liquid inlet 109 flows in the groove along the spiral groove 108, and the material with a heavier specific gravity clings to the groove wall and flows upward, while the material with a lighter specific gravity The material gradually swirls to the middle position of the spiral groove cylinder 104 and slowly floats up.

More preferably, the spiral groove 108 is a solid structure fixed on the spiral groove cylinder 104, the installation pitch H of the spiral groove 108 is 75 mm, and the groove depth is 60 mm;

Preferably, the ratio of groove depth, screw pitch and mixed liquid inlet diameter is 1:1:1.25, that is, groove depth: screw pitch: inlet diameter (the diameter of mixed liquid inlet 109) = 1:1:1.25.

Preferably, the oil-contamination mixture separation system also includes a drain 101, a drain regulating valve 102, a separator oil accumulation area 103, an oil discharge regulating valve 105, and a drain 101, which is used to discharge treated water from the drain 101; Drainage adjustment valve 102, which is used to adjust the water outlet height and water outlet flow rate, and is used in conjunction with water inlet adjustment; separator oil accumulation area 103, where the oil liquid separated by rotation floats up to this area to be collected and discharged; oil discharge adjustment valve 105 , which is used to control the water content of the oil by adjusting the oil flow rate. When the oil volume is low, the oil discharge regulating valve 105 is closed, and when the oil volume is high, the oil discharge regulating valve 105 is opened.

Further, the oil-contamination mixture separation system also includes an oil discharge port 106, from which the oil with low water content is discharged; most of the separated water flows from the water flow area 107 (slit) to below the main body of the separator. The water flowing from the water flow area 107 (slit) to the underside of the separator main body is discharged from the drain port 101 through the drain pipe 113 .

Furthermore, the nozzle of the mixed liquid injection port 110 is in tangential contact with the spiral groove 108 . the

The oil-stain mixture separation system of the present invention can control the ratio of oil-water separation, that is, well control the water content in the separated oil, and has an unparalleled oil-water separation effect in the prior art. And it can also be applied to the separation of substances containing oil, sand, etc., that is, it has a wide range of applications.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram according to the separation system of oil-contaminated mixture of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Additionally, the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited only to the following specific structures or components or specific parameters.

The oil-stain mixture separation system of the present invention is suitable for the separation of mixtures mixed with water, ground oil, and ground mud and sand. The mixture is referred to as oil-water mixture for short.

The oil-contamination mixture separation system shown in Figure 1, its main body is a roughly cylindrical separator body 114, and its main components include a spiral groove cylinder 104, a spiral groove 108, a mixed liquid injection port 110, a drain pipe 113, and a particle settling plate 111 and separator body 114. A spiral groove cylinder 104 is provided inside the separator main body 114, and a spiral groove 108 is attached to the inner wall of the spiral groove cylinder 104; a mixed liquid inlet 109 is arranged at the lower part of the separator main body 114, and the mixed liquid entering flow rate here is 2m /s or more to ensure the cyclone separation effect of the water flow in the spiral groove 108 (the temperature of the mixed liquid is kept above normal temperature, more preferably above 20 degrees Celsius).

In addition, the spiral groove cylinder 104 is used for cyclone separation. The oil-water mixture jetted from the mixed liquid inlet 109 flows in the groove along the spiral groove 108. The material with a heavier specific gravity clings to the groove wall and flows upward, while the material with a lighter specific gravity Gradually swirl to the middle position of the spiral groove cylinder 104 and slowly float up. The spiral groove 108 is fixed on the spiral groove barrel 104 as a solid structure, and the installation pitch H of the spiral groove 108 is 75 mm, and the groove depth is 60 mm; in a preferred embodiment, the ratio between the groove depth, the pitch and the diameter of the mixed liquid inlet is 1:1 : 1.25, i.e. groove depth: screw pitch: inlet diameter (109 diameters of the mixed solution inlet)=1: 1: 1.25, the swirling effect is the best now.

The oil-contamination mixture separation system as shown in Figure 1 also includes the following components: a drain 101, which is used to discharge the treated water from the drain 101; a drain regulating valve 102, which is used to adjust the height of the water outlet and the flow rate of the water outlet, and cooperate with the inlet Water adjustment is used; the oil accumulation area 103 of the separator, the oil liquid separated by rotation floats up to this area to be accumulated to be discharged; the oil discharge regulating valve 105 is used to control the water content of the oil by adjusting the oil flow, When the oil quantity is low, close the oil discharge regulating valve 105, and when the oil quantity is high, open the oil discharge regulating valve 105; the oil discharge port 106, the oil with low water content is discharged from here; most of the separated water It flows from the water flow area 107 (slit) to below the separator main body. The water flowing from the water flow area 107 (slit) to the underside of the separator main body is discharged from the drain port 101 through the drain pipe 113 .

Preferably, the nozzle of the mixed liquid injection port 110 is in tangential contact with the helical groove 108, laying a foundation for the subsequent entering liquid, so that all the jets can normally rotate in the helical groove. If there are particles such as sand or stones in the mixed solution entered by the particle settling plate 111, the particles will settle on the plate, and the discharge valve of the particle discharge port 112 is opened regularly to discharge. (The particulate matter discharge port 112 is used to discharge the particulate matter settled on the particulate matter settling plate from this port. It is discharged regularly or after each use).

In the present invention, the separator main body 114 adopts a tank body with a wall thickness of 5mm, and the main body material is high-quality 304 (stainless steel type).

Using the oil-stain mixture separation system of the present invention, the oil-water mixture enters the main body of the separator through the mixed liquid inlet 109 through the high-pressure pump, sprays from the mixed liquid jet port 110 into the spiral groove 108, and rotates along the spiral groove 108, wherein the Light matter swirls to the middle position of the spiral groove barrel 104 and continuously floats up to the oil accumulation area 103 of the separator, and then is discharged through the oil discharge port 106 . Water with a larger specific gravity is always close to the edge of the spiral groove cylinder. After swirling to the top of the spiral groove cylinder, it flows from the water flow area 107 to the bottom through the drain pipe 113 and is discharged from the device through the drain port 101. Wherein the drain regulating valve 102 can adjust the rate of water discharge and the discharge height of the oil, and the oil discharge regulating valve 105 can adjust the water content of the oil.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention can easily think of changes or Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. an Oil stain mixture separation system, its main body is the separator main body (114) of roughly cylindrical tube shape, and major parts comprises spiral slot cylindrical shell (104), spiral slot (108), mixed solution entry portal (110), water shoot (113), particulate matter settlement plate (111) and separator main body (114); Separator main body (114) inner side is provided with spiral slot cylindrical shell (104), is close to spiral slot cylindrical shell (104) inwall and spiral slot (108) is installed; Separator main body (114) bottom is provided with entry to mixed solution (109), and the mixed solution of entry to mixed solution (109) enters flow velocity at more than 2m/s;

Oil stain mixture separation system also comprises water port (101), draining regulated valve (102), separator fluid accumulation area (103), oil extraction regulated valve (105), water port (101), its for the treatment of after water discharge from this water port (101); Draining regulated valve (102), it is for adjusting water outlet height and Water discharge flow speed, coordinates water inlet to regulate and uses; Separator fluid accumulation area (103), the fluid that rotating separation goes out floats to region clustering herein and treats outer row; Oil extraction regulated valve (105), it is for by regulating fuel-displaced flow to control fuel-displaced water ratio, when oil mass is lower, closes oil extraction regulated valve (105), when oil mass is higher, then opens oil extraction regulated valve (105).

2. Oil stain mixture separation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: spiral slot cylindrical shell (104) is for cyclonic separation, the oil-water mixture entered from entry to mixed solution (109) jet flows in groove along spiral slot (108), the heavier material of proportion is adjacent to cell wall to upper reaches, and the lighter material of proportion gradually eddy flow is waited a moment to spiral slot cylindrical shell (104) mid-way slow floating.

3. Oil stain mixture separation system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: spiral slot (108) is fixed on spiral slot cylindrical shell (104) for entity structure, and the installation pitch H of spiral slot (108) is 75mm, groove depth 60mm.

4. Oil stain mixture separation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Oil stain mixture separation system also comprises oil discharge outlet (106), and moisture lower fluid is discharged from here; The isolated water of major part flows to below separator main body from flowing water district (107) (gap); The water flow to below separator main body from flowing water district (107) (gap) is discharged from water port (101) by water shoot (113).

5. according to arbitrary described Oil stain mixture separation system of claim 2-4, it is characterized in that: the mouth of pipe and the spiral slot (108) of mixed solution entry portal (110) are tangentially contact.