CN103749025B - A kind of asparagus seed bean sprout production method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of asparagus seed bean sprout production method, belong to asparagus cultivation field; The method comprises following operating procedure: 1. soak seed after the asparagus seeds cleaning treatment selected, and 25 ~ 30 DEG C of emerge in worm water 36 ~ 48h change water every day 2 ~ 3 times; The seed of 2. soaking seed encases with wet gauze after cleaning, and is placed in vernalization under 25 ~ 30 DEG C of environment, and every day, clear water rinsed 1 ~ 2 time; 3. the seed that vernalization shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally is sown in the husky matrix of seedling dish, carries out being incubated (25 ~ 30 DEG C), 7 ~ 10d is cultivated in moisturizing (humidity 50 ~ 75%) darkroom; 4., when seedling grows to about 10cm, move into growth 2 ~ 3d in the booth with the Shading net covering of shading 50 ~ 75%, bud dish is afforested; 5. as height of seedling about 15cm, stem apex just scatters, and cauline leaf turns green, gathers during non-fibrillatable, cuts from asparagus seedling base portion, binding or pack listing after cleaning; The inventive method is simple, and cost is low, and output is high, and shoot vegetable mouthfeel is good, clean pollution-free, is of high nutritive value, has good market prospects.

Description

A kind of asparagus seed bean sprout production method

Technical field

The invention belongs to asparagus cultivation field (A01G1/02), be specifically related to a kind of asparagus seed bean sprout production method.

Background technology

Asparagus ( asparagusofficinalisl.), have another name called asparagus, belong to Liliaceae Asparagus perennial root herbaceous plant.Its tender stem matter is tender delicious, nutritious, unique flavor, being described as " kings of vegetables ", again because being rich in the various active compositions such as saponin, flavones and plant polyose, there is well effect such as antitumor, anti-oxidant and hypotensive, deeply like by consumer, sell well all over the world, there is very high economic worth.Within 2009, Chinese planting asparagus area reaches 95,000 hectare, accounts for 50% of world's planting asparagus area, and export volume accounts for 43% of world's asparagus volume of trade, and planting asparagus and processing have become China's annual value of production more than 10,000,000,000 yuan of rising industries.Asparagus belongs to stem dish, and with tender stem for mainly to gather in the crops object, in production, except a small amount of hybrid seeding, a large amount of seeds be nobody shows any interest in, and is usually scattered in field and sprouts formation weeds.And utilize plant seed germination to cultivate shoot vegetable or the bud dish of formation; because it has nutritious; quality better; low in the pollution of the environment, growth cycle is short, little by seasonal effect; high financial profit; be easier to carry out the features such as batch production, scale and family's production, become a kind of emerging vegetables, deeply like by consumers and producers.Retrieval finds, has many plant sprout dishes or seed bud dish to produce successfully, puts on market, and there is no asparagus seed bud dish relevant report both at home and abroad.Asparagus seeds thousand kernel weight is about 22g, is of moderate size, and endosperm is nutritious, compares and is conducive to kind of a bud dish production.But, because asparagus is perennial crop, seed seed coat is hard, water suction difficulty, speed of germination is slow, the seedling that conventional seed planting is formed, intends leaf and early raw, easy fibrillatable, pained highly seasoned, palatability is poor, and growth cycle is long, and the method simply can not applying mechanically the crops such as beans, radish, sunflower produced by asparagus seed bud dish.For this reason, the invention provides a kind of utilize Germination of Asparagus Seed to cultivate to be formed can be edible bean sprouts production method, turn waste into wealth, create a kind of new asparagus food, extend Asparagus Industry chain.It should be noted that, asparagus seed bud dish is the same with commodity bamboo shoot is in essence all tender stem, just growth cycle is different, vitamin content is more taller than commodity bamboo shoot, in China ground winter and early spring temperature low, on market asparagus shortage, price is very high, asparagus seed bud dish can Some substitute commodity bamboo shoot, and meet the need of market, business opportunity is unlimited.Therefore, the present invention has good practicality and market prospects.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of utilize Germination of Asparagus Seed cultivate formed can be edible bean sprouts production method.

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: improve asparagus bud seedling mouthfeel, growth rate and output, produce can be edible asparagus seed bud dish.

What method of producing asparagus seed bud dish provided by the present invention adopted is soilless culture, and operating procedure is as follows:

1. soak seed after the asparagus seeds cleaning treatment selected, 25 ~ 30 DEG C of emerge in worm water 36 ~ 48h, change water every day 2 ~ 3 times;

The seed of 2. soaking seed encases with wet towel after cleaning, and is placed in vernalization 48 ~ 72h under 25 ~ 30 DEG C of environment, and every day, clear water rinsed 1 ~ 2 time;

3. be sown into by the seed that vernalization shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in the husky matrix of seedling dish, carry out husky substrate soiless cultivation, then cultivate 7 ~ 10d in darkroom, heat-retaining condition 25 ~ 30 DEG C, the humidity of moisturizing is 50 ~ 75%;

4., when height of seedling is on average at 10cm, move into growth 2 ~ 3d in the booth with the Shading net covering of shading 50 ~ 75%, bud dish is afforested;

5. as the average 15cm of height of seedling, stem apex just scatters, and cauline leaf turns green, gathers during non-fibrillatable, cuts from asparagus seedling base portion, binding or pack listing after cleaning;

The illumination in described darkroom is below 500Lux.

Technique effect of the present invention is: in the present invention, and asparagus seed bud dish refers to and utilizes Germination of Asparagus Seed to cultivate the tender stem class vegetables that directly formation can be edible, and it belongs to seed bud dish.The present invention adopts darkroom to cultivate early stage, and the elongation speed of asparagus bud seedling plumular axis and tender stem is accelerated, and shorten bud seedling growth time, the cellulose accumulated in plant is less, significantly improves mouthfeel; Later stage adopt short-term see that light is cultivated, allow bud seedling greening and look sturdy, exterior quality is good; Adopt husky substrate soiless cultivation, fixing support, ventilation and water holding ability are provided, reduce seed and go rotten, make bud seedling straight and upright, improve output.The every Kg asparagus seeds single batch of the present invention can produce the shoot vegetable not being about 2.8Kg with root net weight, and method is simple, and cost is low, and the long root of bud is short, and output is high, and mouthfeel is good, clean pollution-free, is of high nutritive value, has good market prospects.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment and concrete steps, the present invention is elaborated;

1)seed is selected and process

The new seed that the combination open pollination that general alternative costs are low is solid, require germination rate and germination vigor high, alternative parent Hybrid has: Atals, Apollo, Grande, UC115, PurplePassion, well ridge 701, well ridge are red etc.Seed sieves, roguing, screens healthy full seed.Before seed soaking, select fine day to be placed on by seed on dustpan or gunnysack, thickness 1 ~ 2cm, be exposed to the sun 2 ~ 3d, disinfection, strengthens imbibition, improves percentage of seedgermination and germination vigor.

)presoaking and germinating

First wash seed by rubbing with the hands seed with 40 ~ 50 DEG C of emerge in worm water 10 minutes, clean the white wax kind clothing of the surface of the seed attachment.Then use 25 ~ 30 DEG C of emerge in worm water 36 ~ 48 hours, change water every day 2 ~ 3 times, simultaneously hand rubbing seed, to remove mucus.The clean wet towel of the seed of having soaked seed or gauze encase, and are placed in vernalization under 25 ~ 30 DEG C of environment, and every day, clear water rinsed 1 ~ 2 time, prepared sowing after about 4 days when 40% ~ 50% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.

)sowing

Select porose rigid plastics seedling-cultivating tray as the seedbed of soilless culture, be encased inside 1 ~ 2 layer of brown paper in bed, spread the clean fine sand that 3cm is thick, water vola water, until water ooze lower after, divide on fine sand by the seed of vernalization, make close-packed arrays between seed and seed, upper and lower non-overlapping is advisable, then the thick fine sand of 1cm is covered, cover on Miao Panshang with a plastic film, as insulation and shading, environmental temperature maintains 25 ~ 30 DEG C.

)darkroom is cultivated

After emerging, take film off in time, carry out shading (below 500Lux), insulation (25 ~ 30 DEG C), moisturizing (spraying in every 6 hours 1 time or relative moisture 50-75%) darkroom is cultivated; The asparagus bud seedling of albefaction is turned out in darkroom.

)see that light is cultivated

When seedling grows to about 10cm, move into growth 2 ~ 3d in the booth with the Shading net covering of shading 50 ~ 75%, insulation (25 ~ 30 DEG C), moisturizing (spraying in every 6 hours 1 time or relative moisture 50-75%), make bud dish afforest.

)to gather listing

As height of seedling about 15cm, stem apex just scatters, and tender stem turns green, gathers during non-fibrillatable, cuts from asparagus seedling base portion, or uproots and gather in the crops together, binding or pack listing after cleaning.

Adopt different condition of culture and measure in above-mentioned steps, on the output of asparagus seed bud dish, mouthfeel and growth rate, there is impact, in order to solve crucial technical problem, implementing following technical scheme, optimizing condition of culture and technical parameter.

1, the influence research of soaking temperature and time

Asparagus seeds seed coat is hard, water suction difficulty, germinates comparatively slow, and presoaking and germinating early seedling, tidy seedlings output, goes out the key in strong sprout.The present invention's 15,20,25,30,40 DEG C of warm water distinguish immersion treatment asparagus seeds 12,24,36,48,60 hours, carry out asparagus seeds germination test.

Result shows, and seed soaking time is lower than 24h, and germination vigor significantly reduces, and germination rate also declines, and more than 48h, seed easily goes rotten, and germination rate and germination vigor also significantly reduce; Soaking temperature is lower than 20 DEG C or higher than 30 DEG C, and germination rate and germination vigor all reduce, and seed easily goes rotten or bud elongates.Comprehensive analysis, better with 25 ~ 30 DEG C of emerge in worm water 36 ~ 48 hours, germination rate can reach more than 90%, can application in production.

2, suitable illumination cultivation conditional filtering

3 process are set: 1) first darkroom (below 500Lux) cultivates 7 ~ 10d, in the booth of the Shading net covering of rear immigration shading 50 ~ 75%, grow 2 ~ 3d; 2) cultivate at darkroom (below 500Lux) always; 3) always with growth in the booth of the Shading net covering of shading 50 ~ 75%.Other condition of culture are identical.

Result shows, and in process 3, bud seedling is similar to conventional cultivation seedling, and fibrosis is the highest, and mouthfeel is poor; In process 2, the yellow of bud seedling is slim and frahile, poor quality; The elongation speed of bud seedling plumular axis and tender stem in process 1, cellulose is less simultaneously, and mouthfeel is best, and greening, sturdy, exterior quality is good.Process 1 efficiently solves mouthfeel and the growth rate problem of asparagus bud seedling, is the illumination cultivation condition be relatively suitable for.

3, Different sowing ways comparative analysis

3 process are set: 1) do not use matrix, are directly placed in vernalization growth on gauze; 2) with clean fine sand for matrix, sowing, soilless culture; 3) with Denmark Pin Shi No. 1 peat soil for matrix, sowing cultivation.This experiment is carried out at LHP-300HE type intelligence climatic cabinate simultaneously, and 0 grade of illumination cultivation 10d, cultivate 3d under being placed on 4 grades of illumination (2000Lux), temperature 26 DEG C, relative moisture 75%, other condition of culture are identical.Measure height of seedling with ruler after 10d, calculate each process height of seedling mean value; After 13d, cut from bud seedling base portion, weigh, survey and produce.

Result shows, and in process 1, bud seedling is very thin, and emerge irregular, seed has mildew and rot, sows 10 days, average height of seedling 10.0cm, and shoot vegetable conversion output is 1.24Kg/Kg seed, minimum; Process 2 bud seedlings healthy and strong, neatly, bud root average height of seedling 14.0cm, conversion output is 2.40Kg/Kg seed; Process 3, bud seedling is healthy and strong, and neatly, average height of seedling 14.5cm, conversion output is 2.47Kg/Kg seed.Process 2 and process 3 volume variances remarkable, in view of husky matrix cost is low, easy to use, after results, easily remove root residue, clean pollution-free, therefore process 2 is considered to produce and promotes relatively more suitable planting types.

In addition, regeneration test has been carried out on experiment 3 basis, cut after bud seedling gathers by process 2 and process 3 from base portion, be again placed in LHP-300HE type intelligence climatic cabinate and cultivate, condition of culture is the same.Found that, more than 80% bud seedling regenerates from base portion, and bud seedling aligns mutually, without the need to spray nutritious liquor, can gather in the crops one batch again after 10 days.

4, asparagus seed bud vegetable edible taste and using method are tested

Research finds, asparagus seed bud dish is fried or cold and dressed with sauce, and food flavor is better, has fresh bamboo shoot local flavor; It is edible that asparagus seed bud dish can be with root to gather in the crops together, but have a little bitter taste, and residual seed is preferably washed off clean.

Based on the above, the present invention adopts well ridge 701 ' F ₂seed produces material as enforcement, the steps include:

1, seed is selected and process

With the kind newly gathered in the crops ' well ridge 701 ' F ₂seed is for producing material, and sieve by 10 mesh sieve, roguing, seed is placed on dustpan by fine day, thickness 1 ~ 2 centimetre, is exposed to the sun 2 days.

2, presoaking and germinating

First wash seed by rubbing with the hands seed with 50 DEG C of emerge in worm water 10 minutes, then use 26 DEG C of emerge in worm water 36 hours, change water every day 2 times.The seed wet towel of having soaked seed encases, and is placed in insulating box vernalization, adjusts the temperature to 26 DEG C, and every day, clear water rinsed 1 ~ 2 time, prepared sowing when 40% ~ 50% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally after 4 days.

,sowing

Select rigid plastics seedling-cultivating tray porose bottom 62cm × 24cm × 5cm specification as the seedbed of soilless culture, be encased inside 1 layer of blotting paper in bed, spread the clean fine sand that 3cm is thick, water vola water, until water ooze lower after, divide on fine sand by the seed of vernalization, make close-packed arrays between seed and seed, upper and lower non-overlapping is advisable, then the thick fine sand of 1cm is covered, with on a plastic film cover seedling dish, as insulation and shading, environmental temperature maintains 25 ~ 30 DEG C.

,darkroom is cultivated

Emerge after 3 days, take film off, carry out shading (below 500Lux), insulation (25 ~ 30 DEG C), moisturizing (spraying in every 6 hours 1 time) darkroom is cultivated.

,see that light is cultivated

When seedling grows to about 10cm, move into growth 2 ~ 3d in the booth with the Shading net covering of shading 50 ~ 75%, insulation (25 ~ 30 DEG C), moisturizing (spraying in every 6 hours 1 time), make bud dish afforest.

,gather to survey and produce

As height of seedling about 15cm, stem apex just scatters, tender stem turns green, gather during non-fibrillatable, uproot and gather in the crops together, dry binding after cleaning and weigh, thick output is: 4.50kg is with root shoot vegetable/kg seed, then cut from asparagus seedling base portion by tender stem, binding is weighed, and net production is: 2.80kg shoot vegetable/kg seed.

Claims (1)

1. an asparagus seed bean sprout production method, is characterized in that, described production method comprises following operative step:

1. soak seed after the asparagus seeds cleaning treatment selected, 25 ~ 30 DEG C of emerge in worm water 36 ~ 48h, change water every day 2 ~ 3 times;

The seed of 2. soaking seed encases with wet towel after cleaning, and is placed in vernalization 48 ~ 72h under 25 ~ 30 DEG C of environment, and every day, clear water rinsed 1 ~ 2 time;

3. be sown into by the seed that vernalization shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in the husky matrix of seedling dish, carry out husky substrate soiless cultivation, then cultivate 7 ~ 10d in darkroom, heat-retaining condition 25 ~ 30 DEG C, the humidity of moisturizing is 50 ~ 75%;

4., when height of seedling is on average at 10cm, move into growth 2 ~ 3d in the booth with the Shading net covering of shading 50 ~ 75%, bud dish is afforested;

5. as the average 15cm of height of seedling, stem apex just scatters, and cauline leaf turns green, gathers during non-fibrillatable, cuts from asparagus seedling base portion, binding or pack listing after cleaning.