CN103745082B - Numerical simulation method for heterogeneous oil combination flooding system - Google Patents
Numerical simulation method for heterogeneous oil combination flooding system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a numerical simulation method for a heterogeneous oil combination flooding system. The method comprises the steps of solving a water phase pressure equation and an oil phase pressure equation; solving a phase saturability equation and a mass conservation equation of all components, and calculating the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration under the current time step; calculating the pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor under the current time step in an interpolation mode according to a pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor curve; calculating the viscosity of pre-crosslinked gel particle suspension liquid; correcting the fluidity coefficient of the Darcy law, calculating water phase flowing speed according to the Darcy law, and carrying out phase pressure equation calculation of the next time step until the heterogeneous combination flooding simulation time is over. By means of the numerical simulation method for the heterogeneous oil combination flooding system, a mathematic model describing heterogeneous combination flooding blocking profile control and migration profile controlling and flooding, and the numerical simulation method effectively representing the pre-crosslinked gel particle displacement mechanism is provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to numerical reservoir simulation theoretical research, technology application and oil-gas field development and improve oil recovery field, particularly relate to a kind of heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation.
Background technology
Day by day deep along with chemical displacement of reservoir oil technical research, is that the novel oil displacement system of representative is fast-developing with heterogeneous (pre-crosslinked gel particle+polymkeric substance+surfactant) combination flooding, and makes substantial progress in study mechanism, field test etc.Heterogeneous combination flooding is the novel transfer drive system that oil field was developed in recent years; its main displacing agent is the viscoelasticity pre-crosslinked gel particle (B-PPG) that branching half is cross-linked; suspend in the solution with the form of solid particle when pre-crosslinked gel particle flows in porous medium; along with displacing fluid flowing; because surface deposition and particle aggregation can produce blocking to pore throat in migration process; and along with the rising of pressure, particle can be out of shape by pore throat, continue migration.Compare traditional gel-like particle, pre-crosslinked gel particle has better performance in viscoelasticity, and indoor in experiment, the noncontinuity feature of driving when blocking up when its migration presents, effectively can regulate the nonuniformity on stratum.How to describe the displacement mechanism of heterogeneous system exactly, the influence of each physico-chemical parameter of system is divided in quantification area, needs the means by numerical simulation.Have both at home and abroad about traditional PPG disposal route at present, mainly it can be used as gel formation to carry out shutoff.Not yet find the method for numerical simulation describing pre-crosslinked gel particle noncontinuity migration Mechanism of profile control and displacement.Study heterogeneous combination flooding method for numerical simulation, contribute to the oil-displacement mechanism of the heterogeneous combination flooding of deep understanding, instruct postpolymerflooded reservoirs development scheme adjustment and optimisation.We have invented a kind of heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation newly for this reason, solve above technical matters.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly establish the heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation of mathematical model describing heterogeneous combination flooding plugging and profile con-trol, migration transfer drive feature.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical measures: heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation, this heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation comprises: step 1, solve aqueous phase pressure equation and oil phase pressure equation, when solving aqueous phase pressure equation, pre-crosslinked gel particle is considered as the component in aqueous phase, with aqueous phase flowing, but migration asynchronous with aqueous phase; Step 2, solve the mass-conservation equation of phase saturation equation and each component, calculate the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration of current time step, when solving pre-crosslinked gel particle mass-conservation equation, according to being described the delay of pre-crosslinked gel particle in porous medium by the factor and migrating again, and the asynchronism that pre-crosslinked gel particle and water transport move, after calculating is by the factor, carry it into the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration that mass-conservation equation calculates current time step; Step 3, carrys out the pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor of interpolation calculation current time step according to pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor curve; Step 4, the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration according to pre-crosslinked gel particle apparent viscosity-concentration curve and current time step calculates the viscosity of pre-crosslinked gel particle suspending liquid; And step 5, the viscosity of pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor and pre-crosslinked gel particle suspending liquid is reacted in the mobility of aqueous phase flow equation, revise the mobility coefficient of Darcy's law, and calculate aqueous phase flowing velocity according to Darcy's law, the phase pressure equation proceeding to next time step calculates, until heterogeneous combination flooding simulated time terminates.
Object of the present invention also realizes by following technical measures:
In step 2, by factor representation pre-crosslinked gel particle by the concentration ratio before and after unit volume of voids, value, in [0,1] scope, in numerical simulator, utilizes pressure reduction, permeability, granule density factor count particles to pass through the factor.
In calculating by because of the period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, the noncontinuity flowing of pre-crosslinked gel particle is described by free-boundary problem, when reservoir pressure gradient is less than free-boundary problem, particle is 0 by the factor, and particle is assembled in hole, forms shutoff, when reservoir pressure gradient exceedes free-boundary problem, particle start migration, by the factor (0,1] in change.
Describe pre-crosslinked gel particle selectively blocking off by the corresponding different free-boundary problem of different permeabilities and cause liquid stream turning in heterogeneous body region, high permeability zone free-boundary problem is lower, particle is easily assembled and is formed shutoff, makes liquid flow to the flowing of hypotonic region.
In step 3, the permeability ratio of porous medium before and after the injection of heterogeneous combination flooding slug is measured to calculate residual resistance factor curve in room by experiment, the size of residual resistance factor curve and pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration, zone permeability factor are relevant, utilize residual resistance factor correction absolute permeability to characterize the plugging action to pore throat in pre-crosslinked gel particle particle migration process.
Describe pre-crosslinked gel particle selectively blocking off by the corresponding different residual resistance factor of different permeabilities and cause liquid stream turning in heterogeneous body region, high permeability zone due to particle inlet more, it is higher that residual resistance factor compares hyposmosis region, and the liquid measure flowed to hypotonic region is increased.
In step 4; room measures and obtains pre-crosslinked gel particle apparent viscosity-concentration curve by experiment; shear degradation can be there is when migrating in porous medium because pre-crosslinked gel particle can increase the viscosity of aqueous phase; reflect the characteristic of the non-Newtonian fluid of shear shinning; measurement result interpolation calculation or utilize experimental result fitting empirical formula to describe shear viscosity by experiment, by experiment room measurement result interpolation calculation pre-crosslinked gel particle and polymkeric substance composite time composite viscosity.
Heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation in the present invention, according to the basic percolation law of heterogeneous combination flooding, introduce the concept of pre-crosslinked gel particle by the factor, establish the mathematical model describing heterogeneous combination flooding plugging and profile con-trol, migration transfer drive feature, propose the method for numerical simulation of Efficient Characterization pre-crosslinked gel particle displacement mechanism.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a specific embodiment of heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that pre-crosslinked gel particle is by pore throat migration and shutoff mechanism schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is numerical simulator plane grid and well location distribution plan;
Fig. 4 is different displacement mode comprehensive water cut change curves;
Fig. 5 is different displacement mode recovery percent of reserves change curves;
Fig. 6 is the heterogeneous combination flooding of postpolymer flood high and low infiltration layer liquid measure change curve.
Embodiment
For making above and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage can become apparent, cited below particularly go out preferred embodiment, and coordinate institute's accompanying drawings, be described in detail below.
As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is that pre-crosslinked gel particle is by pore throat migration and shutoff mechanism schematic diagram.Wherein △ P represents the pressure gradient of seepage field, and Pmax represents particle deformation migration pressure gradient, can be obtained by indoor Seepage Experiment measurement.As △ P≤Pmax, seepage field pressure gradient is not enough to particle is migrated, and now particle is detained in hole, and the form of delay has blocking, deposition, absorption etc., and displacement liquid diverted flow enters other hole; As △ P>Pmax, seepage field pressure gradient reaches the critical value of particle migration, and particle deformation, by pore throat, starts migration.The forms of motion of heterogeneous system in porous medium mainly contains: migrate, block, be out of shape by, deposition (migrating again), by time block up time drive, the mechanism of fluid diversion improves formation heterogeneity, improves sweep efficiency.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation of the present invention.In step 101, in chemical flooding oil reservoir simulation process, first solve aqueous phase pressure equation, oil phase pressure equation is calculated by capillary pressure.Pre-crosslinked gel particle is considered as the component in aqueous phase, with aqueous phase flowing, but migration asynchronous with aqueous phase.Flow process enters into step 102.
In step 102, secondly, the mass-conservation equation (i.e. concentration of component equation) of phase saturation equation and each component is solved.When solving pre-crosslinked gel particle mass-conservation equation, for describing the delay of pre-crosslinked gel particle in porous medium and migrating again, and the asynchronism that particle and water transport move, in the convective term of concentration of component equation, be introduced through the concept of the factor.By factor representation pre-crosslinked gel particle by the concentration ratio before and after unit volume of voids, value, in [0,1] scope, reflects particle by the migration of pore throat or numerical simulation grid body, deposition, blocking ability.Experimentally result, its size is relevant with factors such as pressure reduction, grain diameter, pore throat size, granule densities; Because the size of grain diameter exists corresponding relation of equal value with mating of pore throat size with factor of porosity, permeability, therefore in numerical simulator, the factor count particles such as pressure reduction, permeability, granule density can be utilized to pass through the factor.
Introduce the concept of free-boundary problem in by the calculating of the factor, describe the noncontinuity flowing of pre-crosslinked gel particle.When reservoir pressure gradient is less than free-boundary problem, particle is 0 by the factor, and particle is assembled in hole, formed shutoff, when reservoir pressure gradient exceedes free-boundary problem, particle start migration, by the factor (0,1] in change.Because free-boundary problem is relevant with the migration of pre-crosslinked gel particle, therefore not at aqueous phase flow equation, namely occur in Darcy's law, but embody by by the factor in constituent mass conservation equation.
Liquid stream turning in heterogeneous body region is caused for pre-crosslinked gel particle selectively blocking off, is described by the corresponding different free-boundary problem of different permeabilities in this step.High permeability zone free-boundary problem is lower, and particle is easily assembled and formed shutoff, makes liquid flow to the flowing of hypotonic region.Read in data initialized, experimentally result input pre-crosslinked gel particle is by the experiment plate of the factor, namely particle is by the variation relation table of the factor with factors such as permeability, pressure reduction, granule densities, when master cast count particles concentration of component, granule density according to permeability, pressure reduction and a upper time step calculates by the factor, and brings the granule density that mass-conservation equation calculates current time step into.Flow process enters into step 103.
In step 103, the pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor curve that experimentally result inputs in initialization files carrys out the residual resistance factor of interpolation calculation current time step.Before and after the heterogeneous combination flooding slug of residual resistance factor curve negotiating laboratory measurement injects, the permeability ratio of porous medium calculates, and the factors such as size and pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration, zone permeability are relevant.Utilize residual resistance factor correction absolute permeability to characterize the plugging action to pore throat in pre-crosslinked gel particle particle migration process.
Cause liquid stream turning in heterogeneous body region for pre-crosslinked gel particle selectively blocking off, this step is described by the corresponding different residual resistance factor of different permeabilities.High permeability zone due to particle inlet more, it is higher that residual resistance factor compares hyposmosis region, and the liquid measure that flows to hypotonic region is increased.After obtaining residual resistance factor, flow process enters into step 104.
In step 104, the pre-crosslinked gel particle apparent viscosity-concentration curve of experimentally result input and the concentration of current time step particle carry out the viscosity of count particles suspending liquid, and pre-crosslinked gel particle apparent viscosity-concentration curve by experiment room mensuration obtains.Pre-crosslinked gel particle can increase the viscosity of aqueous phase, shear degradation can occur when migrating in porous medium, reflects the characteristic of the non-Newtonian fluid of shear shinning.Shear viscosity measurement result interpolation calculation or utilize experimental result fitting empirical formula to describe by experiment.Pre-crosslinked gel particle and polymkeric substance composite time, composite viscosity is room measurement result interpolation calculation by experiment.Flow process enters into step 105.
In step 105, react in the mobility of aqueous phase flow equation by pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor with on the impact of aqueous viscosity, revise the mobility coefficient of Darcy's law, and calculate aqueous phase flowing velocity according to Darcy's law, the phase pressure equation proceeding to next time step calculates, until heterogeneous combination flooding simulated time terminates.
In an application specific embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is the numerical simulator schematic diagram set up.Model meshes step-length is 20m × 20m × 4m, and grid scale is 15 × 15 × 2.In plane, permeability distribution is even, and in longitudinal direction, ground floor permeability is 3000 μm
2, second layer permeability is 500 μm
2, inverted five spot well pattern, b01 well is quantitative Injection Well, diurnal injection 150m
3, b02-b05 well is level pressure producing well, sand face pressure 12Mpa.Simulated time 7000 days, injection slug is set to: within 2600 days to 4000 days, implantation concentration is the polymkeric substance of 2000ppm, 4000 days to 5500 days implantation concentrations be the polymkeric substance of 2000ppm, pre-crosslinked gel particle and 0.2% surfactant (comparing the result of the binary combination flooding slug this slug being replaced with only polymer injection+surfactant in Fig. 4), all the other time water drives.
As can be seen from Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the effect of the further decreasing water cut and increasing oil of the heterogeneous combination flooding of method energy Efficient Characterization postpolymer flood proposed in the present invention, raising recovery ratio.As seen from Figure 6, pre-crosslinked gel particle can make the liquid measure of high permeability formation and low-permeability layer turn to after injecting, and shutoff is high oozes, and increases the displacement to low-permeability layer position.Result of study shows, consider that pre-crosslinked gel particle can characterize the displacement mechanism of B-PPG by the method for numerical simulation of the factors such as the factor, residual resistance factor, viscosity, numerical simulation postpolymerflooded reservoirs being improved further to recovery ratio provides effective means.
Claims (1)
1. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation, is characterized in that, this heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation comprises:
Step 1, solves aqueous phase pressure equation and oil phase pressure equation, when solving aqueous phase pressure equation, pre-crosslinked gel particle is considered as the component in aqueous phase, with aqueous phase flowing, but migration asynchronous with aqueous phase;
Step 2, solve the mass-conservation equation of phase saturation equation and each component, calculate the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration of current time step, when solving pre-crosslinked gel particle mass-conservation equation, according to being described the delay of pre-crosslinked gel particle in porous medium by the factor and migrating again, and the asynchronism that pre-crosslinked gel particle and water transport move, after calculating is by the factor, carry it into the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration that mass-conservation equation calculates current time step;
Step 3, carrys out the pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor of interpolation calculation current time step according to pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor curve;
Step 4, the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration according to pre-crosslinked gel particle apparent viscosity-concentration curve and current time step calculates the viscosity of pre-crosslinked gel particle suspending liquid; And
Step 5, the viscosity of pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor and pre-crosslinked gel particle suspending liquid is reacted in the mobility of aqueous phase flow equation, revise the mobility coefficient of Darcy's law, and calculate aqueous phase flowing velocity according to Darcy's law, the phase pressure equation proceeding to next time step calculates, until heterogeneous combination flooding simulated time terminates.
2. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 2, by factor representation pre-crosslinked gel particle by the concentration ratio before and after unit volume of voids, value is [0,1] in scope, in numerical simulator, pressure reduction, permeability, granule density factor count particles is utilized to pass through the factor.
3. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in calculating by because of the period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, described the noncontinuity flowing of pre-crosslinked gel particle by free-boundary problem, when reservoir pressure gradient is less than free-boundary problem, particle is 0 by the factor, and particle is assembled in hole, forms shutoff, when reservoir pressure gradient exceedes free-boundary problem, particle start migration, by the factor (0,1] in change.
4. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, describe pre-crosslinked gel particle selectively blocking off by the corresponding different free-boundary problem of different permeabilities and cause liquid stream turning in heterogeneous body region, high permeability zone free-boundary problem is lower, particle is easily assembled and is formed shutoff, makes liquid flow to the flowing of hypotonic region.
5. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 3, the permeability ratio of porous medium before and after the injection of heterogeneous combination flooding slug is measured to calculate residual resistance factor curve in room by experiment, the size of residual resistance factor curve and pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration, zone permeability factor are relevant, utilize residual resistance factor correction absolute permeability to characterize the plugging action to pore throat in pre-crosslinked gel particle particle migration process.
6. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, describe pre-crosslinked gel particle selectively blocking off by the corresponding different residual resistance factor of different permeabilities and cause liquid stream turning in heterogeneous body region, high permeability zone due to particle inlet more, it is higher that residual resistance factor compares hyposmosis region, and the liquid measure flowed to hypotonic region is increased.
7. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 4, room measures and obtains pre-crosslinked gel particle apparent viscosity-concentration curve by experiment, shear degradation can be there is when migrating in porous medium because pre-crosslinked gel particle can increase the viscosity of aqueous phase, reflect the characteristic of the non-Newtonian fluid of shear shinning, measurement result interpolation calculation or utilize experimental result fitting empirical formula to describe shear viscosity by experiment, by experiment room measurement result interpolation calculation pre-crosslinked gel particle and polymkeric substance composite time composite viscosity.
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