CN103745082A - Numerical simulation method for heterogeneous oil combination flooding system - Google Patents
Numerical simulation method for heterogeneous oil combination flooding system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a numerical simulation method for a heterogeneous oil combination flooding system. The method comprises the steps of solving a water phase pressure equation and an oil phase pressure equation; solving a phase saturability equation and a mass conservation equation of all components, and calculating the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration under the current time step; calculating the pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor under the current time step in an interpolation mode according to a pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor curve; calculating the viscosity of pre-crosslinked gel particle suspension liquid; correcting the fluidity coefficient of the Darcy law, calculating water phase flowing speed according to the Darcy law, and carrying out phase pressure equation calculation of the next time step until the heterogeneous combination flooding simulation time is over. By means of the numerical simulation method for the heterogeneous oil combination flooding system, a mathematic model describing heterogeneous combination flooding blocking profile control and migration profile controlling and flooding, and the numerical simulation method effectively representing the pre-crosslinked gel particle displacement mechanism is provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to numerical reservoir simulation theoretical research, technology application and oil-gas field development and improve oil recovery field, particularly relate to a kind of heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation.
Background technology
Day by day deep along with chemical displacement of reservoir oil technical research, the novel oil displacement system that heterogeneous (pre-crosslinked gel particle+polymkeric substance+surfactant) combination flooding of take is representative is fast-developing, and makes substantial progress at aspects such as mechanism research, field tests.Heterogeneous combination flooding is the novel transfer drive system that oil field was developed in recent years; its main displacing agent is the crosslinked viscoelasticity pre-crosslinked gel particle (B-PPG) of branching half; pre-crosslinked gel particle is that the form with solid particle is suspended in solution while flowing in porous medium; along with displacing fluid flows; in migration process because surface deposition and particle aggregation can produce and stop up pore throat; and along with the rising of pressure, particle can be out of shape by pore throat, continue migration.Compare traditional gel-like particle, pre-crosslinked gel particle has better performance in viscoelasticity, and from laboratory experiment, the noncontinuity feature of driving when stifled when its migration presents, can effectively regulate the nonuniformity on stratum.Displacement mechanism how to describe exactly heterogeneous system, the influence of each physico-chemical parameter of system is divided in quantification area, need to be by the means of numerical simulation.Both at home and abroad relevant for traditional PPG disposal route, be mainly, using it as gel, shutoff is carried out in stratum at present.Not yet find to describe the method for numerical simulation of pre-crosslinked gel particle noncontinuity migration Mechanism of profile control and displacement.Study heterogeneous combination flooding method for numerical simulation, contribute to the oil-displacement mechanism of the heterogeneous combination flooding of deep understanding, instruct polymer flooding after oil reservoir development mode adjust and optimize.We have invented a kind of new heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation for this reason, have solved above technical matters.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation of having set up the mathematical model of describing heterogeneous combination flooding plugging and profile con-trol, migration transfer drive feature.
Object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation, and this heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation comprises: step 1, solves water pressure equation and oil phase pressure equation; Step 2, solves the mass-conservation equation of phase saturation equation and each component, calculates the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration of current time step; Step 3, the pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor that comes interpolation calculation current time to walk according to pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor curve; Step 4, calculates the viscosity of pre-crosslinked gel particle suspending liquid according to the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration of pre-crosslinked gel particle apparent viscosity-concentration curve and current time step; And step 5, the viscosity of pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor and pre-crosslinked gel particle suspending liquid is reacted in the mobility of water flow equation, revise the mobility coefficient of Darcy's law, and calculate water flowing velocity according to Darcy's law, the phase pressure equation that proceeds to next time step calculates, until heterogeneous combination flooding simulated time finishes.
Object of the present invention also can be achieved by the following technical measures:
In step 2, when solving pre-crosslinked gel particle mass-conservation equation, according to describing the delay of pre-crosslinked gel particle in porous medium by the factor and migrating again, and the asynchronism that moves of pre-crosslinked gel particle and water transport, calculating by after the factor, carry it into the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration that mass-conservation equation calculates current time step.
By factor representation pre-crosslinked gel particle, by the concentration ratio before and after unit volume of voids, value, in [0,1] scope, in numerical simulator, utilizes pressure reduction, permeability, granule density factor count particles to pass through the factor.
In calculating, pass through because of the period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, the noncontinuity of describing pre-crosslinked gel particle by starting pressure gradient flows, when reservoir pressure gradient is less than starting pressure gradient, particle is 0 by the factor, and particle is assembled in hole, forms shutoff, when reservoir pressure gradient surpasses starting pressure gradient, particle starts migration, by the factor (0,1] in change.
By the corresponding different starting pressure gradient of different permeabilities, describe pre-crosslinked gel particle selectively blocking off and cause liquid stream turning in heterogeneous body region, high permeability zone starting pressure gradient is lower, particle is easily assembled and is formed shutoff, makes liquid flow to hypotonic region and flows.
In step 3, by experiment chamber measure heterogeneous combination flooding slug inject before and after the permeability ratio of porous medium calculate residual resistance factor curve, the size of residual resistance factor curve and pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration, zone permeability factor are relevant, utilize residual resistance factor correction absolute permeability to characterize the plugging action to pore throat in pre-crosslinked gel particle particle migration process.
By the corresponding different residual resistance factor of different permeabilities, describe pre-crosslinked gel particle selectively blocking off and cause liquid stream turning in heterogeneous body region, high permeability zone is because particle inlet is more, it is higher that residual resistance factor is compared hyposmosis region, and the liquid measure mobile to hypotonic region increased.
In step 4; chamber is measured and is obtained pre-crosslinked gel particle apparent viscosity-concentration curve by experiment; while migrating in porous medium because pre-crosslinked gel particle can increase the viscosity of water, can there is shear degradation; the characteristic that reflects the non-Newtonian fluid of shear shinning; measurement result interpolation calculation or utilize experimental result matching experimental formula to describe shear viscosity by experiment, composite viscosity when chamber measurement result interpolation calculation pre-crosslinked gel particle and polymkeric substance are composite by experiment.
Heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation in the present invention, according to the basic percolation law of heterogeneous combination flooding, introduce pre-crosslinked gel particle by the concept of the factor, set up the mathematical model of describing heterogeneous combination flooding plugging and profile con-trol, migration transfer drive feature, proposed the method for numerical simulation of Efficient Characterization pre-crosslinked gel particle displacement mechanism.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a specific embodiment of heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that pre-crosslinked gel particle is migrated and shutoff mechanism schematic diagram by pore throat;
Fig. 3 is numerical simulator plane grid and well location distribution plan;
Fig. 4 is different displacement mode comprehensive water cut change curves;
Fig. 5 is different displacement mode recovery percent of reserves change curves;
Fig. 6 is the high and low infiltration layer liquid measure of heterogeneous combination flooding change curve after polymer flooding.
Embodiment
For above and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, cited below particularlyly go out preferred embodiment, and coordinate appended graphicly, be described in detail below.
As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is that pre-crosslinked gel particle is migrated and shutoff mechanism schematic diagram by pore throat.Wherein △ P represents the pressure gradient of seepage field, and Pmax represents particle deformation migration pressure gradient, can measure by indoor Seepage Experiment.When △ P≤Pmax, seepage field pressure gradient deficiency is so that particle is migrated, and now particle is detained in hole, and the form of delay has obstruction, deposition, absorption etc., and displacement liquid diverted flow enters other hole; When △ P>Pmax, seepage field pressure gradient reaches the critical value of particle migration, and particle deformation, by pore throat, starts migration.The forms of motion of heterogeneous system in porous medium mainly contains: migration, stop up, distortion is by, deposition (migrating again), by time drive while blocking up, the mechanism of fluid diversion improves formation heterogeneity, raising sweep efficiency.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation of the present invention.In step 101, in chemical flooding oil reservoir simulation process, first solve water pressure equation, oil phase pressure equation calculates by capillary pressure.Pre-crosslinked gel particle is considered as to the component in water, with water, flows, but migration asynchronous with water.Flow process enters into step 102.
In step 102, secondly, solve the mass-conservation equation (being concentration of component equation) of phase saturation equation and each component.When solving pre-crosslinked gel particle mass-conservation equation, for describing the delay of pre-crosslinked gel particle in porous medium and migrating again, and the asynchronism that moves of particle and water transport, in the convective term of concentration of component equation, introducing is by the concept of the factor.By factor representation pre-crosslinked gel particle, by the concentration ratio before and after unit volume of voids, value, in [0,1] scope, has reflected that particle is by migration, deposition, the blocking ability of pore throat or numerical simulation grid body.According to experimental result, its size is relevant with the factor such as pressure reduction, grain diameter, pore throat size, granule density; Because the size of grain diameter and mating with factor of porosity, permeability of pore throat size exist corresponding relation of equal value, therefore, in numerical simulator, can utilize the factor count particles such as pressure reduction, permeability, granule density to pass through the factor.
In the calculating by the factor, introduce the concept of starting pressure gradient, the noncontinuity of describing pre-crosslinked gel particle flows.When reservoir pressure gradient is less than starting pressure gradient, particle is 0 by the factor, and particle is assembled in hole, forms shutoff, and when reservoir pressure gradient surpasses starting pressure gradient, particle starts migration, by the factor (0,1] in change.Because starting pressure gradient is relevant with the migration of pre-crosslinked gel particle, therefore, not at water flow equation, in Darcy's law, occur, but in constituent mass conservation equation by embodying by the factor.
For pre-crosslinked gel particle, selectively blocking off causes liquid stream the turning to of heterogeneous body region, and describes in this step by the corresponding different starting pressure gradient of different permeabilities.High permeability zone starting pressure gradient is lower, and particle is easily assembled and formed shutoff, makes liquid flow to hypotonic region and flows.In initialized reading data, according to experimental result input pre-crosslinked gel particle, pass through the experiment plate of the factor, be particle by the factor variation relation table with factors such as permeability, pressure reduction, granule densities, when master cast count particles concentration of component, according to the granule density of permeability, pressure reduction and a upper time step, calculate by the factor, and bring the granule density that mass-conservation equation calculates current time step into.Flow process enters into step 103.
In step 103, the pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor curve of inputting in initialization files according to experimental result carrys out the residual resistance factor of interpolation calculation current time step.Before and after the heterogeneous combination flooding slug of residual resistance factor curve negotiating laboratory measurement injects, the permeability ratio of porous medium calculates, and the factors such as size and pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration, zone permeability are relevant.Utilize residual resistance factor correction absolute permeability to characterize the plugging action to pore throat in pre-crosslinked gel particle particle migration process.
For pre-crosslinked gel particle, selectively blocking off causes liquid stream the turning to of heterogeneous body region, and this step is described by the corresponding different residual resistance factor of different permeabilities.High permeability zone is because particle inlet is more, and it is higher that residual resistance factor is compared hyposmosis region, and the liquid measure mobile to hypotonic region increased.Obtain after residual resistance factor, flow process enters into step 104.
In step 104, according to the concentration of the pre-crosslinked gel particle apparent viscosity-concentration curve of experimental result input and current time step particle, carry out the viscosity of count particles suspending liquid, pre-crosslinked gel particle apparent viscosity-concentration curve by experiment chamber mensuration obtains.Pre-crosslinked gel particle can increase the viscosity of water, while migrating in porous medium, shear degradation can occur, and reflects the characteristic of the non-Newtonian fluid of shear shinning.Shear viscosity is measurement result interpolation calculation or utilize experimental result matching experimental formula to describe by experiment.When pre-crosslinked gel particle and polymkeric substance are composite, composite viscosity is chamber measurement result interpolation calculation by experiment.Flow process enters into step 105.
In step 105, by pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor with on the impact of aqueous viscosity, react in the mobility of water flow equation, revise the mobility coefficient of Darcy's law, and calculate water flowing velocity according to Darcy's law, the phase pressure equation that proceeds to next time step calculates, until heterogeneous combination flooding simulated time finishes.
In an application specific embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is the numerical simulator schematic diagram of setting up.Model meshes step-length is 20m * 20m * 4m, and grid scale is 15 * 15 * 2.In plane, permeability distribution is even, and longitudinally going up ground floor permeability is 3000 μ m
2, second layer permeability is 500 μ m
2, inverted five spot well pattern, b01 well is quantitative Injection Well, diurnal injection 150m
3, b02-b05 well is level pressure producing well, sand face pressure 12Mpa.Simulated time 7000 days, injection slug is set to: the polymkeric substance that 2600 days to 4000 days implantation concentrations are 2000ppm, 4000 days to 5500 days implantation concentrations are the polymkeric substance, pre-crosslinked gel particle of 2000ppm and 0.2% surfactant (compared in Fig. 4 this slug is replaced with to the only result of the binary combination flooding slug of polymer injection+surfactant), all the other time water drives.
By Fig. 4, Fig. 5, can be found out the effect of the further decreasing water cut and increasing oil of heterogeneous combination flooding, raising recovery ratio after the method energy Efficient Characterization polymer flooding proposing in the present invention.As seen from Figure 6, pre-crosslinked gel particle can make the liquid measure of high permeability formation and low-permeability layer turn to after injecting, and shutoff is high oozes, and increases the displacement to low-permeability layer position.Result of study shows, consider that pre-crosslinked gel particle can characterize the displacement mechanism of B-PPG by the method for numerical simulation of the factors such as the factor, residual resistance factor, viscosity, the numerical simulation that further improves recovery ratio for oil reservoir after polymer flooding provides effective means.
Claims (8)
1. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation, is characterized in that, this heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation comprises:
Step 1, solves water pressure equation and oil phase pressure equation;
Step 2, solves the mass-conservation equation of phase saturation equation and each component, calculates the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration of current time step;
Step 3, the pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor that comes interpolation calculation current time to walk according to pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor curve;
Step 4, calculates the viscosity of pre-crosslinked gel particle suspending liquid according to the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration of pre-crosslinked gel particle apparent viscosity-concentration curve and current time step; And
Step 5, the viscosity of pre-crosslinked gel particle residual resistance factor and pre-crosslinked gel particle suspending liquid is reacted in the mobility of water flow equation, revise the mobility coefficient of Darcy's law, and calculate water flowing velocity according to Darcy's law, the phase pressure equation that proceeds to next time step calculates, until heterogeneous combination flooding simulated time finishes.
2. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 2, when solving pre-crosslinked gel particle mass-conservation equation, according to describing the delay of pre-crosslinked gel particle in porous medium by the factor and migrating again, and the asynchronism that moves of pre-crosslinked gel particle and water transport, calculating by after the factor, carry it into the pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration that mass-conservation equation calculates current time step.
3. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, by factor representation pre-crosslinked gel particle, pass through the concentration ratio of unit volume of voids front and back, value is [0,1] in scope, in numerical simulator, utilize pressure reduction, permeability, granule density factor count particles to pass through the factor.
4. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, in calculating, pass through because of the period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, the noncontinuity of describing pre-crosslinked gel particle by starting pressure gradient flows, when reservoir pressure gradient is less than starting pressure gradient, particle is 0 by the factor, and particle is assembled in hole, forms shutoff, when reservoir pressure gradient surpasses starting pressure gradient, particle starts migration, by the factor (0,1] in change.
5. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, by the corresponding different starting pressure gradient of different permeabilities, describe pre-crosslinked gel particle selectively blocking off and cause liquid stream turning in heterogeneous body region, high permeability zone starting pressure gradient is lower, particle is easily assembled and is formed shutoff, makes liquid flow to hypotonic region and flows.
6. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 3, by experiment chamber measure heterogeneous combination flooding slug inject before and after the permeability ratio of porous medium calculate residual resistance factor curve, the size of residual resistance factor curve and pre-crosslinked gel particle concentration, zone permeability factor are relevant, utilize residual resistance factor correction absolute permeability to characterize the plugging action to pore throat in pre-crosslinked gel particle particle migration process.
7. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, by the corresponding different residual resistance factor of different permeabilities, describe pre-crosslinked gel particle selectively blocking off and cause liquid stream turning in heterogeneous body region, high permeability zone is because particle inlet is more, it is higher that residual resistance factor is compared hyposmosis region, and the liquid measure mobile to hypotonic region increased.
8. heterogeneous composite oil-displacing system method for numerical simulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 4, chamber is measured and is obtained pre-crosslinked gel particle apparent viscosity-concentration curve by experiment, while migrating in porous medium because pre-crosslinked gel particle can increase the viscosity of water, can there is shear degradation, the characteristic that reflects the non-Newtonian fluid of shear shinning, measurement result interpolation calculation or utilize experimental result matching experimental formula to describe shear viscosity by experiment, composite viscosity when chamber measurement result interpolation calculation pre-crosslinked gel particle and polymkeric substance are composite by experiment.
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