CN103743659A - Synchronous measuring system of concentration of silt and fluctuation velocity of water flow of low concentration muddy water - Google Patents
Synchronous measuring system of concentration of silt and fluctuation velocity of water flow of low concentration muddy water Download PDFInfo
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- CN103743659A CN103743659A CN201310747082.1A CN201310747082A CN103743659A CN 103743659 A CN103743659 A CN 103743659A CN 201310747082 A CN201310747082 A CN 201310747082A CN 103743659 A CN103743659 A CN 103743659A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synchronous measuring system of the concentration of silt and the fluctuation velocity of water flow of low concentration muddy water. The system comprises a silt sampling device and an acoustic Doppler velocimeter. In a measurement, the silt sampling device is adopted to accurately sample silt liquor and determine the average concentration value of silt; meanwhile, the acoustic Doppler velocimeter is adopted to measure the fluctuation velocity of water flow and output the average signal strength and the pulse signal strength; then, according to the average signal strength and the average concentration value of silt, a function relation between the signal strength and the silt concentration is established; corresponding silt concentration value is calculated by means of the established function relation and the pulse signal strength, so that the concentration of silt and the fluctuation velocity of water flow are synchronously measured. According to the system disclosed by the invention, synchronous information of the concentration of silt and the fluctuation velocity of water flow can be effectively obtained. In the measuring process, the water flow in a measuring point position is not disturbed, so that the long time measurement and the pulse concentration measurement of silt concentration can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed synchronized measurement system in a kind of low concentration muddy water, belong to flow measurement technical field.
Background technology
Aspect the measurement of flow fluctuation flow velocity, there have been many more ripe instruments, as Doppler laser velocimeter, particle image velocimeter, acoustic Doppler velocimetry etc. can obtain desirable fluctuating velocity data.But in muddy water current, due to the impact of suspended sediment, light signal is decayed seriously in current, Doppler laser velocimeter, these instruments that carry out fluid-velocity survey by laser of particle image velocimeter are all difficult to application.Acoustic Doppler velocimetry carries out fluid-velocity survey by ultrasonic signal, and in low concentration muddy water, ultrasonic signal decay is less, can realize the long-time continuous of flow velocity and measure, and measuring accuracy is also quite high.
In the measurement of sediment concentration, the measuring method that can guarantee at present enough accuracy remains sampling method, but the concentration of utilizing sampling method to obtain is only the mean value of sediment concentration, rather than pulsating quantity, and in sampling process, the turbulent fluctuation structure of current is destroyed, and in addition, utilizes sampling method also cannot realize long continuous coverage.Due to above problem, in synchro measure muddy water current, the sediment concentration of a certain position and flow fluctuation information still lack effective measuring system.This is perplexing the research to muddy water current problem to a great extent.The for example impact on flow energy loss about suspended load, there is difference in existing achievement in research always, important reason is to lack the device that can simultaneously measure sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed, cannot effectively analyze influencing each other between suspended load particle and flow fluctuation speed.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed synchronized measurement system in a kind of low concentration muddy water, can be in the situation that not disturbing current, obtain the synchronizing information of a certain position sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed in current, also can realize long-time measurement and the pulsation measurement of concetration of sediment concentration.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions:
In low concentration muddy water, sediment concentration and a flow fluctuation speed synchronized measurement system, comprise silt sampler and acoustic Doppler velocimetry; In one-shot measurement, adopt described silt sampler to realize accurate sampling definite silt mean intensity value of silt solution; Adopt described acoustic Doppler velocimetry to measure flow fluctuation speed simultaneously, and export average signal strength and fluctuating signal intensity; Then according to average signal strength and silt mean intensity value, set up functional relation; Utilize functional relation and the fluctuating signal intensity set up, calculate corresponding sediment concentration value, thus the synchro measure of the sediment concentration of realization and flow fluctuation speed.
As further prioritization scheme of the present invention, described silt sampler comprises water inlet, L shaped pipe, stationary installation, the rubber tube being connected to form by horizontal part and vertical portion and the by-pass valve control that is contained in rubber tube exit; The horizontal part port of described L shaped pipe is connected with water inlet, and vertical portion port is connected with rubber tube; The vertical portion of described L shaped pipe is fixed in stationary installation and can moves up and down; The vertical portion of described L shaped pipe is with scale, described stationary installation is with pointer, the scale of the vertical portion of L shaped pipe described in the pointed of described stationary installation, the scale value of pointed and silt liquid level of solution is poor apart from the height value of pointer position, obtain the depth value of actual samples position, realize the accurate location of sampling location.
As further prioritization scheme of the present invention, described L shaped pipe is that internal diameter is the drainage tube of the stainless steel of 6mm.
As further prioritization scheme of the present invention, the horizontal part length of described L shaped pipe is 20cm.
As further prioritization scheme of the present invention, described the design of intake is flat pattern, and the ratio of width to height is 3:1.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme compared with prior art, can effectively obtain the synchronizing information of sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed, in measuring process, the current of point position are interference-free, can realize long-time measurement and the pulsation measurement of concetration of sediment concentration, for the research of muddy water current problem provides new suspended load concentration measurement system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the corresponding relation of different water depth place sediment concentration and signal intensity.
Fig. 3 is the functional relation of depth of water sediment concentration and signal intensity while being 15 cm.
Fig. 4 is the corresponding relation of different water depth place sediment concentration and signal intensity.
Fig. 5 is the functional relation of depth of water sediment concentration and signal intensity while being 12cm.
Fig. 6 is the affect schematic diagram of sediment concentration on acoustic Doppler velocimetry.
Wherein, 1-water inlet; The L shaped stainless pipe of 2-; 3-stationary installation; 4-rubber tube; 5-by-pass valve control; 6-acoustic Doppler velocimetry.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, in a kind of low concentration muddy water, sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed synchronized measurement system, comprise silt sampler and acoustic Doppler velocimetry 6; Described silt sampler is realized accurate sampling definite silt mean intensity value of silt solution; Described acoustic Doppler velocimetry is measured flow fluctuation speed, exports average signal strength and fluctuating signal intensity simultaneously.
Described silt sampler comprises water inlet 1, L shaped stainless pipe 2, stationary installation 3, rubber tube 4 and is contained in the by-pass valve control 5 in rubber tube exit; The horizontal port of described L shaped stainless pipe 2 is connected with water inlet, and vertically port is connected with rubber tube; The vertical portion of described L shaped stainless pipe 2 is fixed in stationary installation 3 and can moves up and down.
The vertical portion of described L shaped stainless pipe 2 is with scale, and described stationary installation 3 is with pointer, the scale of the vertical portion of L shaped stainless pipe 2 described in the pointed of described stationary installation 3.Read the scale value of sensing and the level altitude value of pointer and silt liquid level of solution is poor, obtain the depth value of actual samples position, realize the accurate location of sampling location.
In low concentration muddy water, the scattering strength of the sound wave that described acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 produces is different, and between the scattering strength of sound wave and sediment concentration, meets following exponential relationship:
E?=?
K 1?+?
K 2?lg(
S)
In formula,
escattering strength for sound wave;
k 1relevant with density and the particle diameter of acceleration of gravity, sand grain;
k 2for constant;
sfor sediment concentration.
From above formula, in the sound intensity signal of acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 outputs, comprised sediment concentration information, therefore, between the signal intensity of acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 and sediment concentration, there is close correlationship.
When utilizing acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 to carry out stream velocity fluctuation fluid-velocity survey output signal strength, can by silt sampler, determine the accurate concentration information of silt simultaneously.Utilizing the definite sediment concentration of sampling apparatus is not the pulsating quantity of sediment concentration, but the time average of sediment concentration, corresponding signal intensity also adopts time average with it, after average signal strength is determined with average sediment concentration, just the two can be set up to correlationship, can obtain the definite functional relation of signal intensity and sediment concentration:
E?=?
f(
S)
The form of this functional relation and design parameter are not unique, and when larger variation occurs experiment condition, as the depth of water, flow, sand grain characteristic variations are larger, in order to guarantee computational accuracy, this funtcional relationship is calibration again.When experiment condition is stablized, the form of this functional relation and design parameter value are constant, by functional operation, can obtain the computing formula of sediment concentration below:
S?=
f ?-1?(
E)
Utilize this formula and fluctuating signal intensity can calculate the value of pulsation sediment concentration, under this flow condition, applied acoustics doppler velocimeter 3 carries out flow fluctuation fluid-velocity survey output ripple signal intensity, utilizes this functional relation can calculate the concentration fluctuation value of flow velocity point position simultaneously.Like this, just realized the synchro measure of sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed.
Research low concentration muddy water problem is everlasting in laboratory sink and is carried out, tank length be 12 m, wide be that 0.42 m, height are 0.7 m, in tank, forming the depth of water is the constant even muddy water current that 15cm has steady concentration.In depth of water direction, the concentration of silt is different, utilizes silt sampler can determine the accurate concentration of different water depth place silt.During acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 work, the signal intensity in depth of water direction is also different, and sediment concentration and signal intensity are carried out to correlation analysis, and the corresponding relation of the two as shown in Figure 2.Determine thus the functional relation of signal intensity and sediment concentration, as shown in Figure 3.
The degree of correlation of sediment concentration and signal intensity reaches 0.997, utilize the functional relation of signal intensity and sediment concentration can calculate under this experiment condition the silt of any point pulsation concentration in muddy water, so just obtained sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed in muddy water current simultaneously.
embodiment 2
Change flow condition and silt mean concentration in laboratory sink, in tank, forming the depth of water is the constant even muddy water current that 12cm has steady concentration.Equally, in depth of water direction, the concentration of silt is different, and sediment concentration value can be determined by silt sampler accurately.During acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 work, the signal intensity in depth of water direction is also different, and the corresponding relation that experimental result shows the two as shown in Figure 4.The functional relation of thus can rate making signal intensity and sediment concentration, as shown in Figure 5.
The degree of correlation of signal intensity and sediment concentration reaches 0.987, utilize the relational expression of signal intensity and sediment concentration can calculate under this experiment condition any point sediment concentration in muddy water, so just obtained sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed in muddy water current simultaneously.
embodiment 3
When acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 is worked in muddy water, sediment concentration weakens signal intensity to the scattering meeting of acoustic signals, and sediment concentration is too large, even can cause acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 in muddy water, normally to work.As shown in Figure 6, verified that particle diameter is respectively the silt of 0.089mm, 0.119mm, 0.234mm, 0.425mm, 0.75mm, the working condition of acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 when concentration is changed from small to big.While testing, the probe of doppler velocimeter is fixed under water, keeps transmitting probe and bed surface distance constant, increase gradually sediment concentration, the probe that observation acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3 measures and the distance value of bed surface.
When silt volume by volume concentration is less than approximately 0.014, measurement result is stable, and when sediment concentration is greater than 0.014, measurement result is obviously less than normal, and this has shown to surpass the normal range of operation of acoustic Doppler velocimetry 3.Therefore, utilize the sediment concentration that the present invention measures can not be greater than this numerical value.
The above; it is only the embodiment in the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; any people who is familiar with this technology is in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; can understand conversion or the replacement expected; all should be encompassed in of the present invention comprise scope within, therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (5)
1. sediment concentration and a flow fluctuation speed synchronized measurement system in low concentration muddy water, is characterized in that, this system comprises silt sampler and acoustic Doppler velocimetry; In one-shot measurement, adopt described silt sampler to realize accurate sampling definite silt mean intensity value of silt solution; Adopt described acoustic Doppler velocimetry to measure flow fluctuation speed simultaneously, and export average signal strength and fluctuating signal intensity; Then according to average signal strength and silt mean intensity value, set up the functional relation of signal intensity and sediment concentration; Utilize functional relation and the fluctuating signal intensity set up, calculate corresponding sediment concentration value, thus the synchro measure of the sediment concentration of realization and flow fluctuation speed.
2. sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed synchronized measurement system in a kind of low concentration muddy water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described silt sampler comprises water inlet, L shaped pipe, stationary installation, the rubber tube being connected to form by horizontal part and vertical portion and the by-pass valve control that is contained in rubber tube exit; The horizontal part port of described L shaped pipe is connected with water inlet, and vertical portion port is connected with rubber tube; The vertical portion of described L shaped pipe is fixed in stationary installation and can moves up and down; The vertical portion of described L shaped pipe is with scale, described stationary installation is with pointer, the scale of the vertical portion of L shaped pipe described in the pointed of described stationary installation, the scale value of pointed and silt liquid level of solution is poor apart from the height value of pointer position, obtain the depth value of actual samples position, realize the accurate location of sampling location.
3. sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed synchronized measurement system in a kind of low concentration muddy water according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described L shaped pipe is that internal diameter is the drainage tube of the stainless steel of 6mm.
4. sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed synchronized measurement system in a kind of low concentration muddy water according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the horizontal part length of described L shaped pipe is 20cm.
5. sediment concentration and flow fluctuation speed synchronized measurement system in a kind of low concentration muddy water according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described the design of intake is flat pattern, and the ratio of width to height is 3:1.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103969171A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-08-06 | 清华大学 | Device and method for performing in-situ real-time measurement on natural river silt concentration gradation |
| CN104569483A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-29 | 北京瑞科视讯科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic sensor for measuring silt concentration and three-dimensional instant flow rate at the same time |
| CN110375951A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江大学 | The device and method of concentration and velocity profile can be measured in a kind of experiment of turbidity current simultaneously |
| CN113495044A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-12 | 西安理工大学 | System and method for detecting concentration of suspended sediment in water flow |
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| CN1645097A (en) * | 2005-01-17 | 2005-07-27 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Image instrument for sand suspended in water |
| JP2011179862A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-15 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Calculation method of particle sedimentation velocity |
| CN103134942A (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2013-06-05 | 清华大学 | Synchronous real-time measurement device with sand-containing concentration and muddy water flow velocity vertically distributed |
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2013
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| CN1645097A (en) * | 2005-01-17 | 2005-07-27 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Image instrument for sand suspended in water |
| JP2011179862A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-15 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Calculation method of particle sedimentation velocity |
| CN103134942A (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2013-06-05 | 清华大学 | Synchronous real-time measurement device with sand-containing concentration and muddy water flow velocity vertically distributed |
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| CHANSON H. ET AL.: "Using turbidity and acoustic backscatter intensity as surrogate measures of suspended sediment concentration in a small subtropical estuary", 《JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT》, vol. 88, no. 4, 30 September 2008 (2008-09-30), pages 1, XP022940589, DOI: doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.07.009 * |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103969171A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-08-06 | 清华大学 | Device and method for performing in-situ real-time measurement on natural river silt concentration gradation |
| CN104569483A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-29 | 北京瑞科视讯科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic sensor for measuring silt concentration and three-dimensional instant flow rate at the same time |
| CN110375951A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江大学 | The device and method of concentration and velocity profile can be measured in a kind of experiment of turbidity current simultaneously |
| CN113495044A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-12 | 西安理工大学 | System and method for detecting concentration of suspended sediment in water flow |
| CN113495044B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-05-31 | 西安理工大学 | System and method for detecting concentration of suspended sediment in water flow |
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