CN103742147A - Coal mining technology by using continuous beam bridge type filling method - Google Patents
Coal mining technology by using continuous beam bridge type filling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103742147A CN103742147A CN201410021375.6A CN201410021375A CN103742147A CN 103742147 A CN103742147 A CN 103742147A CN 201410021375 A CN201410021375 A CN 201410021375A CN 103742147 A CN103742147 A CN 103742147A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coal mining technology by using a continuous beam bridge type filling method. The coal mining technology is suitable for coal seams with thickness of more than or equal to 1m and can control earth surface settlement and environment damage by less filling amount. The coal mining technology comprises the steps of sequentially dividing a goaf into a plurality of filling units and a plurality of empty units in a parallel direction on a wall-type coal-mining working face, adopting a movable hydraulic pressure sealed filling device to seal the filling units, setting vent holes at the highest point of the filling units, connecting the filling units with self-service slurry material preparation and delivery integrated equipment to form a communication type filling system; filling expansion type slurry materials into all the filling units until all the filling units are fully filled, moving the movable hydraulic pressure sealed filling device in a filling step distance forwards in an advancing direction of the working face to form a new sealed filling unit, and repeating the filling operation until one coal-mining face is completed, so that the whole goaf forms a continuous beam bridge type space structure by using a plurality of wall type solidification filling bodies as pivots and adopting immediate roof or immediate roof rock masses as continuous beams.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of continuous beam bridge-type filling method coal winning technology, be applicable to thickness in 1 meter and above coal seam, belong to coal mining filling field.
Background technology
In order to control ground settlement and environmental nuisance thereof, part coal mining company has been selected and has entirely been adopted the filling method coal winning technology entirely filling.The main deficiency that this filling method coal winning technology exists is: the one, because need the amount of space of filling relatively large, the filler contradiction that supply falls short of demand is comparatively outstanding, and the increasing degree of filler direct cost is also difficult to control; The 2nd, because filling operation amount is relatively large, the time that ties up coal mining operation is also relatively many, causes thus the original production efficiency of coal-face significantly to reduce.
Summary of the invention
According to above deficiency of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of be applicable to thickness in 1 meter and above coal seam, can realize the continuous beam bridge-type filling method coal winning technology of controlling ground settlement and environmental nuisance thereof with less charging quantity.
Continuous beam bridge-type filling method coal winning technology of the present invention, this technique is carried out in the steps below:
1. at wall coal work plane, along its parallel direction, goaf is divided into the filling unit of several cuboids and the unit of leaving a blank successively, filling unit and the unit interval setting of leaving a blank:
1) by theory, calculate and field observation, confirm the breaking span P of immediate roof or old rimrock body;
2) the width K that designs each filling unit is the coal mining height h of 1.5～2 times, and length L is the advance distance of a day,
3) the leave a blank parallel and vertical span of unit of design is H=P * (1/2～2/3);
2. adopt the airtight device for filling of mobile hydraulic, each filling unit is carried out airtight, and at the peak of filling unit, air vent is set, the airtight device for filling of movable hydraulic is the authorized patent of our unit (patent No. is 201210125192.X);
3. the filling system that send self-service integration apparatus to be connected to become a connected vessels type system of each airtight filling unit and paste materials, it is the authorized patent of our unit (patent No. is 201320219898.2) that the system of paste materials is sent self-service integration apparatus;
4. utilize dilatancy paste materials to carry out filling to the airtight device for filling of the mobile hydraulic of exerting pressure, until be full of, enrich each filling unit;
5. dilatancy paste materials, after fixed 10～12 hours, moves forward a stowing interval along the airtight device for filling of advance of the face direction movable hydraulic, then forms new airtight filling unit, prepares next filling circulation;
6. along with coal-face advances, the 3. repeat～step 5., until a coal face finishes, after a coal face finishes, it is the bridge-type space structures that fulcrum and immediate roof or old rimrock body are continuous beam that whole goaf has formed by several wall formula consolidated fillers;
7. according to the requirement of ground building protection grade, determine to goaf leave a blank that part is all heavily filled out, part filling or not filling, the 3. during filling, repeat～step 4..
The slip that described dilatancy paste materials is comprised of base-material, expansion agent, accelerating admixture, curing compound and water, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:1.2～1.5, and expansion rate is below 10%, and each raw material forms according to the following ratio:
Wherein, described base-material is one or more in flyash, mine tailing, red mud, drift-sand; Expansion agent is zinc powder or land plaster or both mixtures; Accelerating admixture is the mixture of calcium, aluminum oxide clinker; Curing compound is cement or slag or both mixtures.
Dilatancy paste materials is after sand off, and 2 hours start to solidify, and within 8 hours, solidifies and finishes and to realize volume expansion below 10% to reach and fully connect top, within 24 hours, reaches support strength 1.5MPa, more than within 28 days, reaching final strength 10MPa.Therefore, can meet timely filling, rapid solidification, fully connect the requirement on top.
The principle of this method controlroof is:
The consolidated filler of each filling unit of take is fulcrum, and the rock mass on immediate roof or old top of take is overarm, and whole goaf has formed the space structures of continuous beam bridge-type.Because the span of each immediate roof or old rimrock body beam is less than its breaking span, the top board in goaf can not be caving.Therefore, the method can guarantee that top board keeps original geomechanics equilibrium state in whole recovery process, thereby within ground settlement and environmental nuisance thereof are controlled to the arbitrary extent of permission.
The present invention is applicable to thickness in 1 meter and above coal seam.According to the thickness in coal seam and the fltting speed of work plane, determine the physical dimension of each filling unit; According to each unit span of leaving a blank, be less than the principle of immediate roof or old rimrock body breaking span, determine filling unit and the quantity of the unit of leaving a blank.Adopt the airtight device for filling of mobile hydraulic that each filling unit is carried out airtight, and the filling system that send self-service integration apparatus to be connected to become a connected vessels type system of each airtight filling unit and paste materials, is used dilatancy paste materials to carry out filling to filling unit.A coal face finishes, and whole goaf has just formed the space structures of continuous beam bridge-type.According to the requirement of ground building protection grade, determine unit whether whole fill, part filling or the not filling of leaving a blank.Within this method can be controlled at the arbitrary extent of permission by ground settlement and environmental nuisance thereof with minimum filling cost, and keep the efficiency of coal-face not reduce, belong to 1 meter and above coal seam filling mining technical field.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
This continuous beam bridge-type filling method coal winning technology, be applicable to thickness at the filling mining in 1 meter and above coal seam, this technique only need to be enriched the goaf of 15-30%, just effectively controlroof is not caving and not sedimentation of earth's surface, thus, reduced filler quantity required, reduced filling process direct cost, shortened the activity duration of filling procedure and kept the production efficiency of coal mining operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 coal-face original state floor map;
Fig. 2 coal-face starts back production state plane state schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 coal-face starts filling state plane schematic diagram;
The back production of Fig. 4 coal-face and filling state plane schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 coal-face filling result floor map;
The vertical schematic diagram of Fig. 6 coal-face filling result.
In figure: 1, coal seam; 2, goaf; 3, work plane; 4, filling unit; 5, obturation; 6, the unit of leaving a blank.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described further:
1 pair, the coal seam continuous beam bridge-type filling method coal winning technology of the present invention that is specifically the 4-2 of 1.5 meters in conjunction with thickness illustrates:
1. top board lithologic analysis and filling size are determined:
Coal 4-2 wall coal work plane 3, relative position below road at county level and village, 1～2 meter of coal seam 1 thickness, average 1.5 meters; 5 °～11 °, inclination angle, average 8 °; Lean coal.Base plate is 1.5 meters of thick carbonaceous mud stone, top board is 4 meters of thick siltstones, 120 meters of filling coal mining work plane 3 strike length, 600 meters of tendency length, along multiple operation face 3 directions, be evenly arranged the filling unit 4 of 10 cuboids and the unit 6 of leaving a blank of 10 cuboids, filling unit 4 and 6 intervals, unit of leaving a blank arrange, through exploitation actual measurement, the breaking span P of immediate roof (being First Weighting Interval of Main) is 18～25 meters, periodic weighting step pitch is 15～20 meters, for the purpose of safety, the width K that designs each filling unit 4 is that 3 meters, the centre distance of filling unit 4 are 12 meters.
2. each filling unit 4 configures an airtight device for filling of mobile hydraulic, adopt the airtight device for filling of mobile hydraulic that each filling unit 4 is carried out airtight, and at the peak of filling unit 4, air vent being set, the airtight device for filling of movable hydraulic is the authorized patent of our unit (patent No. is 201210125192.X);
3. the filling system that send self-service integration apparatus to be connected to become a connected vessels type each airtight filling unit 4 and the system of paste materials, it is the authorized patent of our unit (patent No. is 201320219898.2) that the system of paste materials is sent self-service integration apparatus;
4. to the airtight device for filling filling expansion of the mobile hydraulic of exerting pressure paste materials, until be full of, enrich each filling unit 4, wherein, the slip that dilatancy paste materials is comprised of base-material, expansion agent, accelerating admixture, curing compound and water, base-material is selected flyash, red mud and tailings; Expansion agent is selected the mixture of zinc powder and land plaster, accelerating admixture is selected the mixture of calcium and aluminum oxide clinker, curing compound is selected the mixture of cement and slag, each raw material forms according to the following ratio: flyash, red mud and tailings 500～650kg, zinc powder 0.7～1kg, land plaster 5～10kg, calcium, aluminum oxide clinker 70～100kg, cement and slag 20～50kg, water 750～900kg.Filling slurry solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:1.2～1.4, expansion rate is 3～10%, this kind of dilatancy paste materials can start to solidify for 2 hours after filling, within 8 hours, solidify and finish and to realize 3～10% volume expansion to reach and fully connect top, within 12 hours, compressive strength reaches 0.8MPa, within 24 hours, compressive strength reaches 1.51MPa, and within 7 days, compressive strength reaches 5MPa, and within 28 days, compressive strength can reach 15.7MPa;
5. when the little dilatancy paste materials of 10-12 setting expansion roof supporting, along the airtight device for filling of work plane 3 direction of propulsion movable hydraulic, move forward a stowing interval, prepare next filling circulation;
6. along with coal-face 3 advances, the 3. repeat～step 5., each filling unit 4 progressively lengthens, until a coal face finishes, in goaf, to take the consolidated filler 5 of each filling unit 4 be fulcrum in 2 interior formation, take the continuous beam bridge-type space structures of immediate roof rock mass as overarm.Because the span of each immediate roof rock mass beam is less than its breaking span, the top board in goaf 2 can not be caving;
7. work plane 3 is advanced to 100 meters, 200 meters, 300 meters, 400 meters, 500 meters, mines, while finishing, concentrated part filling has been carried out in 2#, 4#, 6#, 8#, 10# space, and the final pack completeness in goaf 2 reaches 58%.
By adopting this continuous beam bridge-type filling method coal winning technology to implement filling mining to two continuous up and down 4-2 coal-faces 3, the pack completeness in goaf 2 has been controlled to 28% left and right.Through observing to measure, reach following effect: 1.2 meters of mining heights, 8 °, inclination angle, base plate are that 1.5 meters of thick carbonaceous mud stone, top boards are 4 meters of thick siltstones, 310 meters of buried depths, 600 meters * 240 meters of production zone scopes; implement after 28% part filling; ground settlement average out to 3 millimeter; reach the requirement of three unders in coal mining first class of protection; on it, village, house, road, farmland are protected; working section recovery reaches 99.5%; than strip-type, mine and improve more than 50%, 180 ton per days of production efficiency and non-filling coal mining face remain basically stable.
Claims (6)
1. a continuous beam bridge-type filling method coal winning technology, is characterized in that: carry out in the steps below:
1. in wall coal work plane (3), along its parallel direction, goaf is divided into the filling unit (4) of several cuboids and the unit of leaving a blank (6) successively, filling unit (4) and interval, the unit of leaving a blank (6) arrange:
1) by theory, calculate and field observation, confirm the breaking span P of immediate roof or old rimrock body;
2) the width K that designs each filling unit (4) is the coal mining height h of 1.5～2 times, and length L is the advance distance of a day;
3) the leave a blank parallel and vertical span of unit (6) of design is H=P * (1/2～2/3);
2. adopt the airtight device for filling of mobile hydraulic, each filling unit (4) is carried out airtight, and at the peak of filling unit (4), air vent is set;
3. send self-service integration apparatus to be connected to become the filling system of a connected vessels type each airtight filling unit (4) and the system of paste materials;
4. utilize dilatancy paste materials to carry out filling to the airtight device for filling of the mobile hydraulic of exerting pressure, until be full of, enrich each filling unit (4);
5. dilatancy paste materials, after fixed 10～12 hours, moves forward a stowing interval along the airtight device for filling of work plane (3) direction of propulsion movable hydraulic, then forms new airtight filling unit (4), prepares next filling circulation;
6. along with coal-face (3) advances, the 3. repeat～step 5., until a coal face finishes, after a coal face finishes, the bridge-type space structures that it is continuous beam for fulcrum and immediate roof or old rimrock body that whole goaf has formed by several wall formula consolidated fillers (5);
7. according to the requirement of ground building protection grade, determine to goaf leave a blank that part is all heavily filled out, part filling or not filling, the 3. during filling, repeat～step 4..
2. continuous beam bridge-type filling method coal winning technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the slip that described dilatancy paste materials is comprised of base-material, expansion agent, accelerating admixture, curing compound and water, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:1.2～1.5, expansion rate is below 10%, and each raw material forms according to the following ratio:
3. continuous beam bridge-type filling method coal winning technology according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described base-material is one or more in flyash, mine tailing, red mud, drift-sand.
4. continuous beam bridge-type filling method coal winning technology according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described expansion agent is zinc powder or land plaster or both mixtures.
5. continuous beam bridge-type filling method coal winning technology according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described accelerating admixture is the mixture of calcium, aluminum oxide clinker.
6. continuous beam bridge-type filling method coal winning technology according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described curing compound is cement or slag or both mixtures.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105507947A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-20 | 平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司 | Networked gangue filling method |
| CN109522612A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-26 | 山东科技大学 | A method of based on comprehensive mining hydraulic bracket stress inverting immediate roof thickness |
| CN113818881A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-12-21 | 湖北三宁矿业有限公司 | Construction method applied to mining of gently inclined ore body cemented filling strip |
| CN116988831A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-03 | 太原理工大学 | Roof fracture form-based coal mine initial mining period I-shaped filling method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105507947A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-20 | 平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司 | Networked gangue filling method |
| CN105507947B (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2018-06-12 | 平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司 | A kind of networking waste filling method |
| CN109522612A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-26 | 山东科技大学 | A method of based on comprehensive mining hydraulic bracket stress inverting immediate roof thickness |
| CN113818881A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-12-21 | 湖北三宁矿业有限公司 | Construction method applied to mining of gently inclined ore body cemented filling strip |
| CN113818881B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2024-04-16 | 湖北三宁矿业有限公司 | Construction method applied to stoping of gently inclined ore body cemented filling strips |
| CN116988831A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-03 | 太原理工大学 | Roof fracture form-based coal mine initial mining period I-shaped filling method |
| CN116988831B (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-12-12 | 太原理工大学 | Roof fracture form-based coal mine initial mining period I-shaped filling method |
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Application publication date: 20140423 |