CN103734206B - A kind of prevention and controls of Apple with Fruit-bagged Treatment diplostomiasis - Google Patents
A kind of prevention and controls of Apple with Fruit-bagged Treatment diplostomiasis Download PDFInfo
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- CN103734206B CN103734206B CN201310697418.8A CN201310697418A CN103734206B CN 103734206 B CN103734206 B CN 103734206B CN 201310697418 A CN201310697418 A CN 201310697418A CN 103734206 B CN103734206 B CN 103734206B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of prevention and controls of Apple with Fruit-bagged Treatment diplostomiasis, the method is the biological synthesis prevention and controls based on Chinese herbal medicine tincture, comprise and enrich biological organic fertilizer and medium trace element fertilizer, do not use nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer, carry out tree dish and cover grass, within the scope of crown mapping uniform fold crops straw or about 25 centimeters, weeds thick, annual to cover; The agricultural chemicals tincture be made up of Chinese herbal medicine corter pseudolaricis, the tuber of stemona, the coptis, Chinese anise, moutan bark is sprayed around florescence.Through field trial, anti-efficiency reaches 96.7%, and non agricultural chemical residuum, and cost accounting is low, and method is easy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a planting fruit-trees pest control techniques field, particularly relate to a kind of prevention and controls of Apple with Fruit-bagged Treatment diplostomiasis.
Background technology
Apple Bags can reduce the harm of disease worm significantly, promotes fruit color, improves fruit face fineness and exterior quality, and be one of important technology improving apple economic benefit, thus in these years most apple producing region all have employed this measure, also have received Expected Results.But meanwhile, the fruit face after various places successively find bagging again very easily diplostomiasis occurs, not only not because bagging promotes outward appearance after morbidity, the anti-defect increasing fruit face.Through the experimental study of fruit tree scientific worker and orchard workers, the pathogenetic mechanism of stain and prevention and controls are now understood fully.Its symptom, no matter diplostomiasis is cover paper bag or the apple of film bag all can occur, the general of bagging does not occur., there is the large pore of many needle points around fruit calyx low-lying area in their early stage, is gradually extended to that sesame is large and even mung bean large, but only occur on fruit surface, and do not go deep into pulp, mouth is tasted without bitter taste, does not cause pulp to fester.Later growth and storage period do not expand, and do not affect interior quality, but affect very large on exterior quality and price.
At present, also effective method is lacked to the control of this disease, generally adopts Efficacy of Pesticide, as all not good in sprayed the pesticide control effects such as large raw M-45, mancozeb, MnZn second aluminium before bagging, and also residue of pesticide are large, affect fruit quality; Some orchards adopt as science pruning, improve light transmission condition, apply fertilizers scientifically, select high-quality fruit bag, the Prevention Technique such as orchard ground cover, but control efficiency is still undesirable.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of control efficiency good, non agricultural chemical residuum, cost accounting is low, the prevention and controls of the Apple with Fruit-bagged Treatment diplostomiasis that method is easy.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, the prevention and controls of this Apple with Fruit-bagged Treatment diplostomiasis comprises following content:
(1) enrich biological organic fertilizer and medium trace element fertilizer, after fruit picking, mu executes 500 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers, 100 kilograms of medium trace element, adopts the method that radial canal is used;
(2) nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer is not used;
(3) carry out tree dish and cover grass, within the scope of crown mapping uniform fold crop straw or about 25 centimeters, weeds thick, annual to cover;
(4) spray the agricultural chemicals tincture be made up of Chinese herbal medicine around florescence, the agricultural chemicals tincture that described Chinese herbal medicine is made is made up of the Chinese medicine of following weight portion: corter pseudolaricis 50-60 part, tuber of stemona 30-40 part, coptis 60-90 part, Chinese anise 20-30 part, moutan bark 30-50 part.
Preferably, corter pseudolaricis 55 parts, the tuber of stemona 35 parts, the coptis 75 parts, Chinese anise 25 parts, moutan bark 40 parts.
Preparation method, for getting corter pseudolaricis, the tuber of stemona, the coptis, Chinese anise, moutan bark pulverizing, puts in closed container, adds appropriate amount of ethanol, cover dipping, stir, place after 5 days, incline and supernatant; Add 50% ~ 75% appropriate amount of ethanol again in the dregs of a decoction, flood 5 days according to upper method, incline to, merge two liquid, stir evenly and obtain agricultural chemicals tincture.
Pharmacological action:
The organic acid of corter pseudolaricis, ethanol extract and benzene medicinal extract, all have certain antibacterial action to common pathomycete.Its consumption 0.1-1mg/ml, is namely had bactericidal action to permitting blue achorion, acrothesium floccosum, rust little gemma tinea bacterium, Microsporum gypseum and Candida albicans.
The tuber of stemona, containing multiple alkaloid, as stemonine, Stemonidine, isostemonidine etc., also contains sugar, lipid, protein, ash content and acetic acid, formic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid etc.The tuber of stemona has stronger resisting pathogenic microbes effect.Test shows: tuber of stemona alcohol preserved material all has inhibitory action in various degree to pneumococcus, beta hemolytic streptococcus, meningococcus, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus albus, shigella dysenteriae, typhoid bacillus, paratyphosum Bacterium, Escherichia coli, proteus, diphtheria bacillus, pneumobacillus, yersinia pestis, bacillus anthracis, hay bacillus and comma bacillus etc.
Coptis rhizome, containing multiple alkaloid, mainly jamaicin, is about 5% ~ 8% also known as berberine, is secondly coptisine, worenine, palmatine.In addition, also various trace elements is contained in the coptis.Bacteriostatic test shows: coptis alcohol preserved material has stronger inhibition to staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus, pneumococcus, diplococcus meningitidis, shigella dysenteriae, bacillus anthracis etc.
Illicillm Verum Fruit master contains flavonoids, containing anise oil about 5%, fat oil about 22% and protein, resin etc.Experiment shows: alcohol extract is to gram-positive bacteria as staphylococcus aureus, pneumococcus, diphtheria bacillus etc. have bacteriostasis, and its effect is similar to potassium salt of penicillin 20 units/ml; To gram-negative bacteria as hay bacillus, Escherichia coli, comma bacillus and typhoid bacillus, paratyphosum Bacterium, shigella dysenteriae etc. also have bacteriostasis, its effect is similar to streptomycin sulphate 50 units/ml.
Moutan bark containing paeonol, paeonolide, paeonolide, paeonol Neogroside etc. in addition, also contains volatile oil, phytosterol, benzoic acid, sucrose.Experiment shows, moutan bark preserved material all has stronger antibacterial action to hay bacillus, Escherichia coli, typhoid bacillus, paratyphosum Bacterium, proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus, hemolytic streptococcus, pneumococcus, comma bacillus etc.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is proved by following field control effect testing data.
Field control effect testing data
Test and carried out in orchard, family, Liang Jia Guai Tou village three, Pu Wang town, Yinan County in 2012.Orchard is contour terrace, height above sea level 850m, and soil is loess.The whole year does not use nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer; After fruit picking, mu executes 500 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers, 100 kilograms of medium trace element, adopts the method that radial canal is used; Within the scope of crown mapping uniform fold crop straw or about 25 centimeters, weeds thick, annual to cover.Test area 12 mu, kind is Nagafu No.2, the age of tree 8 years, seeding row spacing 3m × 4m, and tree-like is improved-spindle, and 3 process are established in test, all after spending 1 week, continuous spraying 3 times before bagging.Experimental group sprays Chinese herbal medicine tincture of the present invention, is diluted with water to 100-150 times of liquid spraying; Conventional spray medicine group sprays 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times; Blank group spray clear water; Often locate 10 strains trees, randomized arrangement, repeats 3 times, spray medicine interval 10-15d, meets the rainy day to fill spray, bagging after spray medicine, except after bag in different azimuth random sampling, often process investigation 300 fruits inspection incidences, the results are shown in Table 1.
table 1 experimental group compares with the anti-result for the treatment of of control group
Test shows, experimental group has good control efficiency, and the diplostomiasis incidence of disease is 3.05%, and preventive effect is 96.7%, and its control efficiency is apparently higher than routine spray medicine group.
Embodiment
Embodiment: the prevention and controls of this Apple with Fruit-bagged Treatment diplostomiasis comprises following content:
(1) enrich biological organic fertilizer and medium trace element fertilizer, after fruit picking, mu executes 500 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers, 100 kilograms of medium trace element, adopts the method that radial canal is used;
(2) nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer is not used;
(3) carry out tree dish and cover grass, within the scope of crown mapping uniform fold crop straw or about 25 centimeters, weeds thick, annual to cover;
(4) the agricultural chemicals tincture be made up of Chinese herbal medicine is sprayed around florescence, namely corter pseudolaricis 550g, tuber of stemona 350g, coptis 750g, Chinese anise 250g, moutan bark 400g is got, preparation method is: pulverized by above-mentioned Chinese medicine, put in closed container, add appropriate amount of ethanol, cover dipping, stir, place after 5 days, incline and supernatant; Add 50% ~ 75% appropriate amount of ethanol again in the dregs of a decoction, flood 5 days according to upper method, incline to, merge two liquid, stir evenly and obtain agricultural chemicals tincture, be then diluted with water to 100-150 times of liquid spraying.
Claims (2)
1. a prevention and controls for Apple with Fruit-bagged Treatment diplostomiasis, is characterized in that the method comprises following content:
(1) enrich biological organic fertilizer and medium trace element fertilizer, after fruit picking, mu executes 500 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers, 100 kilograms of medium trace element, adopts the method that radial canal is used;
(2) nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer is not used;
(3) carry out tree dish and cover grass, within the scope of crown mapping uniform fold crop straw or 25 centimeters, weeds thick, annual to cover;
(4) the agricultural chemicals tincture be made up of Chinese herbal medicine corter pseudolaricis, the tuber of stemona, the coptis, Chinese anise, moutan bark is sprayed around florescence, described agricultural chemicals tincture is made up of the Chinese medicine of following weight portion: corter pseudolaricis 50-60 part, tuber of stemona 30-40 part, coptis 60-90 part, Chinese anise 20-30 part, moutan bark 30-50 part, preparation method is for getting corter pseudolaricis, the tuber of stemona, the coptis, Chinese anise, moutan bark pulverizing, put in closed container, add appropriate amount of ethanol, cover dipping, stir, place after 5 days, incline and supernatant; Add 50% ~ 75% appropriate amount of ethanol again in the dregs of a decoction, flood 5 days according to upper method, incline to, merge two liquid, stir evenly and obtain agricultural chemicals tincture.
2. the prevention and controls of a kind of Apple with Fruit-bagged Treatment diplostomiasis according to claim 1, is characterized in that the agricultural chemicals tincture that described Chinese herbal medicine is made is made up of the Chinese medicine of following weight portion: corter pseudolaricis 55 parts, the tuber of stemona 35 parts, the coptis 75 parts, Chinese anise 25 parts, moutan bark 40 parts.
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| CN201310697418.8A CN103734206B (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2013-12-11 | A kind of prevention and controls of Apple with Fruit-bagged Treatment diplostomiasis |
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| CN201310697418.8A CN103734206B (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2013-12-11 | A kind of prevention and controls of Apple with Fruit-bagged Treatment diplostomiasis |
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| CN103734206B true CN103734206B (en) | 2016-03-16 |
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| CN106135303A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-11-23 | 重庆市井场果蔬专业合作社 | A kind of composition for preventing and treating pear scab |
| CN107251922A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-17 | 张其明 | A kind of Chinese medicine composition, its preparation method and application for suppressing apple cultivation class germ |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1040126A (en) * | 1988-08-06 | 1990-03-07 | 徐立 | A kind of bactericide and using method that prevents apple canker |
| CN101142912A (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-03-19 | 西北农林科技大学 | Medicine for treating and preventing bag fruit from disease and preparation method thereof |
| CN102282949A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-12-21 | 汕头市微补植物营养科技有限公司 | Method for fertilizing bagged apples |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6163605A (en) * | 1984-09-04 | 1986-04-01 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Agricultural and horticultural fungicidal composition |
| CN103125321A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-06-05 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for preventing black spot disease of bagged apples |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1040126A (en) * | 1988-08-06 | 1990-03-07 | 徐立 | A kind of bactericide and using method that prevents apple canker |
| CN101142912A (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-03-19 | 西北农林科技大学 | Medicine for treating and preventing bag fruit from disease and preparation method thereof |
| CN102282949A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-12-21 | 汕头市微补植物营养科技有限公司 | Method for fertilizing bagged apples |
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Effective date of registration: 20181010 Address after: 226400 No. 64 fan Dian Road, dugong Town, Rudong County, Nantong, Jiangsu Patentee after: Fu Yao Address before: 276300 Yinan County Agricultural Bureau, East AUCMA Avenue, Yinan County, Linyi, Shandong Patentee before: Li Yutao |
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