CN103734026A - Fastener magnetism experiment animal stimulation device - Google Patents

Fastener magnetism experiment animal stimulation device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103734026A
CN103734026A CN201410008365.9A CN201410008365A CN103734026A CN 103734026 A CN103734026 A CN 103734026A CN 201410008365 A CN201410008365 A CN 201410008365A CN 103734026 A CN103734026 A CN 103734026A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
boots
magnetic force
button
force generation
electric shock
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201410008365.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN103734026B (en
Inventor
杜东书
谢桂林
谢天正
陈付学
周京晶
娄向新
杨华
李世宝
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
Original Assignee
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by University of Shanghai for Science and Technology filed Critical University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
Priority to CN201410008365.9A priority Critical patent/CN103734026B/en
Publication of CN103734026A publication Critical patent/CN103734026A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103734026B publication Critical patent/CN103734026B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fastener magnetism experiment animal stimulation device. The fastener magnetism experiment animal stimulation device comprises a test box and a leg fixing boot, wherein the test box comprises a camera, a data power line, a horn, an electric shock magnetism guide line, an electric shock control button, a magnetism control button, a power plug, a power line, a computer data power line, a computer, a fastener magnetism board, a bolt, a gate, a wicket gate and a rotation hinge, and the leg fixing boot comprises a boot mouth lace, a boot split mouth, an iron boot bottom, boot uppers, a skid resistance cone, a skid resistance sole, an upper piece of a boot fixing adhesion tape, a lower piece of the boot fixing adhesion tape and a boot mouth. The fastener magnetism experiment animal stimulation device is simple to produce, multiple in function, strong in operability, low in cost and obvious in effect.

Description

Button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus, belong to medical treatment and laboratory equipment technical field.
Background technology
Utilize laboratory animal such as mammals such as big white mouse, small white mouse, macaques, in the process that the poultries such as chicken, duck, goose are tested, in order to build the behavior of a certain experimental animal model or observation animal, need to carry out various stimulations to laboratory animal.Known stimulating method is a lot, such as sonic stimulation, light stimulation, cold bath stimulation, high-voltage electric shock stimulate or feed and raise certain drug and can cause the food of specified disease, even artificially infect certain specific bacterium or virus etc.In stimulating course, in order to fix laboratory animal, experimenter has designed the structure of a lot of exquisitenesses, can be preferably the fixing whole health of laboratory animal.But, these existing constant stimulus devices are all that the division of labor is clear and definite, fixture is only responsible for fixing, stimulating apparatus is only brought into play particular stimulation effect, so, will bring obstacle to some experimental implementation, and substantially be full the passive operation to animal, say nothing of laboratory animal has been realized to automation mechanized operation.
In daily life; people usually can run into such a case; that is exactly while walking outside at night evening; because stumbling of certain object is solid; hold onto people's legs and feet, can allow people produce and meet terrible illusion, and then health produces strong stress reaction; thereupon will produce a series of illnesss, serious can also suffer a shock.How to simulate this scene, design a kind of stimulating apparatus, the motion that makes it automatically to control as required animal becomes is badly in need of a great problem that solves, so invent a kind of button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus that can the motion of manual control laboratory animal, is necessary.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome a difficult problem of using known laboratory animal stimulating apparatus can not automatically control the motion of animal, the invention provides a kind of button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus, this button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus utilizes electromagnetic force can conveniently control big or small characteristic, in the boot-shaped set at the bottom of the limb end constraint iron of laboratory animal, on the residing panel of laboratory animal, interval arranges some electric magnet hooks, control as required energising or the power-off of electric magnet hook, and then reach the object of Experiments of Automatic Control animal movement.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus, comprise testing cassete and solid leg boots, described testing cassete comprises video camera, data power line, loudspeaker, electric shock magnetic force wire, electric shock control knob, Magnetic Control button, attaching plug, power line, computer data power line, computer, button magnetic board, bolt, gate, wicket, rotation hinge; Described video camera is arranged on testing cassete top, and described electric shock control knob, Magnetic Control button are arranged on side of testing cassete; Described gate is arranged on another side of testing cassete by rotating hinge, and wicket is arranged on gate by rotating hinge; Between gate and testing cassete, by bolt, fix, between wicket and gate, by bolt, fix; Page, solid boots stick nextpage, boots mouth at the bottom of described solid leg boots comprise boots mouth frenulum, boots breach, stirrup strap, in boots nation, anti-skidding cone, the anti-skidding palm, solid boots stick, at the bottom of described stirrup strap, periphery is fixed wtih the hypostome of boots nation, under described stirrup strap, surperficial first half is provided with some anti-skidding cones, latter half ofly be provided with the anti-skidding palm, boots nation upper end open is boots mouth, rear does not stitch together, and forms boots breach, and Xue Kou rear, boots breach upper end is provided with boots mouth frenulum; Boots breach first half central authorities and Lower Half central authorities are respectively provided with solid boots stick, and each solid boots stick comprises page and solid boots stick nextpage on solid boots stick, Gu page slot is solid on the outer surface of boots breach Chu Xue nation under boots stick, outside sticky facing; Gu on boots stick, page trailing edge seam is solid at another edge of boots breach, in sticky facing.
Further, described button magnetic board comprises electric shock wire, magnetic force conductor wire, magnetic force generation button, button magnetic force plate body; The density that described magnetic force generation button is 5-10 millimeter according to line space is arranged on button magnetic force plate body, between adjacent magnetic force generation button, by electric shock wire, is connected with magnetic force conductor wire.
Further, described magnetic force generation button comprises magnetic force generation button wire ring and magnetic force generation button iron axle; Magnetic force generation button is that diameter is that 3-10 millimeter, length are the cylinder of 5-10 millimeter, is that magnetic force generation button iron axle outside is wound around the electromagnet structure that copper magnetic force generation button wire ring forms; Electric shock control knob is connected with the magnetic force generation button iron axle of each magnetic force generation button by electric shock wire; Magnetic Control button is connected with the magnetic force generation button wire ring of each magnetic force generation button by magnetic force conductor wire.
Further, described anti-skidding cone is that bottom surface diameter is 1-3 millimeter, is highly the conical protrusions of 0.5-1 millimeter; The described anti-skidding palm is that bottom surface is coarse, and diameter is 1-3 millimeter, is highly the disc shape projection of 0.5-1 millimeter.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following outstanding substantive distinguishing features and significant advantage:
Apparatus of the present invention utilize electromagnetic force can conveniently control big or small characteristic, in the boot-shaped set at the bottom of the limb end constraint iron of laboratory animal, on the residing panel of laboratory animal, interval arranges some electric magnet hooks, control as required energising or the power-off of electric magnet hook, and then reach the object of Experiments of Automatic Control animal movement.Button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus is made simple, and diverse in function is workable, with low cost, successful.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the solid leg boots of button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the button magnetic board of button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
As Figure 1-3, a kind of button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus, comprise testing cassete 1 and solid leg boots 32, described testing cassete 1 comprises video camera 2, data power line 3, loudspeaker 4, electric shock magnetic force wire 5, electric shock control knob 6, Magnetic Control button 7, attaching plug 8, power line 9, computer data power line 10, computer 11, button magnetic board 15, bolt 16, gate 17, wicket 18, rotates hinge 19; Described video camera 2 is arranged on testing cassete 1 top, described video camera 2 and loudspeaker 4 connection data power lines 3, described computer 11 connects computer data power line 10, is that the branch of computer 11 power supplies imports computer data power line 10 in the data power line 3 of described video camera 2 and loudspeaker 4, electric shock magnetic force wire 5 and power line 9; Computer data power line 10 is set of above each wire, and each wire is to be all connected with corresponding control structure in computer independently; Described electric shock control knob 6, Magnetic Control button 7 are arranged on 1 one sides of testing cassete, and described button magnetic board 15 connects electric shock control knob 6 and Magnetic Control button 7 by electric shock magnetic force wire 5; Power line 9 connects external power supply by attaching plug 8; Described gate 17 is arranged on testing cassete 1 another side by rotating hinge 19, and wicket 18 is arranged on gate 17 by rotating hinge 19; Fixing by bolt 16 between gate 17 and testing cassete 1, fixing by bolt 16 between wicket 18 and gate 17; Described solid leg boots 32 comprise at the bottom of boots mouth frenulum 20, boots breach 21, stirrup strap 22, page 26, solid boots stick nextpage 27, boots mouth 28 in boots nation 23, anti-skidding cone 24, the anti-skidding palm 25, solid boots stick, at the bottom of described stirrup strap, 22 peripheries are fixed wtih the hypostome of boots nation 23, at the bottom of described stirrup strap, 22 lower surface first halfs are provided with some anti-skidding cones 24, latter half ofly be provided with the anti-skidding palm 25, boots nation 23 upper end open are boots mouth 28, rear does not stitch together, form boots breach 21, the rear of boots breach 21 upper end boots mouths 28 is provided with boots mouth frenulum 20; Boots breach 21 first half central authorities and Lower Half central authorities are respectively provided with solid boots stick, and each solid boots stick comprises page 26 and solid boots stick nextpage 27 on solid boots stick, Gu boots stick nextpage 27 seams are solid on the outer surface of boots breach 21Chu boots nation 23, outside sticky facing; Gu on boots stick, page 26 trailing edge seams are solid at another edge of boots breach 21, in sticky facing.
Described button magnetic board 15 comprises electric shock wire 12, magnetic force conductor wire 13, magnetic force generation button 14, button magnetic force plate body 29; The density that described magnetic force generation button 14 is 5-10 millimeter according to line space is arranged on button magnetic force plate body 29, and 14, adjacent magnetic force generation button is connected with magnetic force conductor wire 13 by electric shock wire 12.
Described magnetic force generation button 14 comprises magnetic force generation button wire ring 30 and magnetic force generation button iron axle 31; Magnetic force generation button 14, for diameter is that 3-10 millimeter, length are the cylinder of 5-10 millimeter, is that magnetic force generation button iron axle 31 outsides are wound around the electromagnet structure that copper magnetic force generation button wire ring 30 forms; Electric shock control knob 6 is connected with the magnetic force generation button iron axle 31 of each magnetic force generation button 14 by electric shock wire 12; Magnetic Control button 7 is connected with the magnetic force generation button wire ring 30 of each magnetic force generation button 14 by magnetic force conductor wire 13.
Described anti-skidding cone 24 is that bottom surface diameter is 1-3 millimeter, is highly the conical protrusions of 0.5-1 millimeter; The described anti-skidding palm 25 is that bottom surface is coarse, and diameter is 1-3 millimeter, is highly the disc shape projection of 0.5-1 millimeter.
In the present embodiment, video camera 2 is the video camera of commercially available fine definition, pixel must be higher than 8,000,000, be mainly used in the various actions that recording laboratory animal produces after being upset, and data are transferred to notebook computer 11 by data power line 3, then utilize analysis software to analyze animal behavior.Loudspeaker 4 are sound-producing devices that stimulation test animal is used, and by data power line 3, are connected with notebook computer 11, can send as required different sound.
When the leg of laboratory animal tread in solid leg boots 32 interior after, to consolidate page 26 on boots stick presses on solid boots stick nextpage 27, with boots mouth frenulum 20, fasten simultaneously, the leg of laboratory animal tightly can be fixed in solid leg boots 32, in the time of need to shocking by electricity stimulation to laboratory animal, turn electric shock control knob 6, strengthens voltage, high pressure 22 can be transferred in solid leg boots 32 to the arch of electric shock laboratory animal at the bottom of by magnetic force generation button iron axle 31, anti-skidding cone 24, the anti-skidding palm 25, stirrup strap.Each magnetic force generation button 14 is all that diameter is that 3-10 millimeter, length are the cylinder of 5-10 millimeter, during energising, can produce electromagnetic force, and the size of electromagnetic force is controlled by the size of the electric current passing into; When at the bottom of the stirrup strap of solid leg boots 32 22 during just in time in magnetic force generation button 14 top, magnetic force is maximum, and being slightly offset magnetic force will diminish, and will give like this laboratory animal people for an invisible labyrinth is provided; In the time of need to carrying out motion control to laboratory animal, turn Magnetic Control button 7, strengthens voltage, can make the magnetic force of magnetic force generation button 14 increase, and then the motion of restriction animal; Reduce voltage, can make the magnetic force of magnetic force generation button 14 reduce, and then remove the restriction to animal movement.The magnetic force of magnetic force generation button 14 increase or the process that reduces in, the stimulations such as additional sound, high-voltage electric shock, can reach the object of particular stimulation laboratory animal.

Claims (4)

1. a button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus, comprise testing cassete (1) and solid leg boots (32), it is characterized in that, described testing cassete (1) comprises video camera (2), data power line (3), loudspeaker (4), electric shock magnetic force wire (5), electric shock control knob (6), Magnetic Control button (7), attaching plug (8), power line (9), computer data power line (10), computer (11), button magnetic board (15), bolt (16), gate (17), wicket (18), rotates hinge (19), described video camera (2) is arranged on testing cassete (1) top, and described electric shock control knob (6), Magnetic Control button (7) are arranged on (1) side of testing cassete, described gate (17) is arranged on another side of testing cassete (1) by rotating hinge (19), and wicket (18) is arranged on gate (17) by rotating hinge (19), fixing by bolt (16) between gate (17) and testing cassete (1), fixing by bolt (16) between wicket (18) and gate (17), described solid leg boots (32) comprise boots mouth frenulum (20), boots breach (21), at the bottom of stirrup strap (22), boots nation (23), anti-skidding cone (24), the anti-skidding palm (25), Gu page (26) on boots stick, Gu boots stick nextpage (27), boots mouth (28), at the bottom of described stirrup strap, (22) periphery is fixed wtih the hypostome of boots nation (23), at the bottom of described stirrup strap, (22) lower surface first half is provided with some anti-skidding cones (24), the latter half of anti-skidding palm (25) that is provided with, boots nation (23) upper end open is boots mouth (28), rear does not stitch together, form boots breaches (21), the rear of boots breach (21) upper end boots mouth (28) is provided with boots mouth frenulum (20), boots breach (21) first half central authorities and Lower Half central authorities are respectively provided with solid boots stick, each solid boots stick comprises page (26) and solid boots stick nextpage (27) on solid boots stick, Gu boots stick nextpage (27) seam is solid on the outer surface of boots breach (21) Chu Xue nation (23), outside sticky facing, Gu on boots stick, page (26) trailing edge seam is solid at another edge of boots breach (21), in sticky facing.
2. a kind of button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described button magnetic board (15) comprises electric shock wire (12), magnetic force conductor wire (13), magnetic force generation button (14), button magnetic force plate body (29); The density that described magnetic force generation button (14) is 5-10 millimeter according to line space is arranged on button magnetic force plate body (29) above, between adjacent magnetic force generation button (14), by electric shock wire (12), is connected with magnetic force conductor wire (13).
3. a kind of button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described magnetic force generation button (14) comprises magnetic force generation button wire ring (30) and magnetic force generation button iron axle (31); Magnetic force generation button (14), for diameter is that 3-10 millimeter, length are the cylinder of 5-10 millimeter, is that magnetic force generation button iron axle (31) outside is wound around the electromagnet structure that copper magnetic force generation button wire ring (30) forms; Electric shock control knob (6) is connected with the magnetic force generation button iron axle (31) of each magnetic force generation button (14) by electric shock wire (12); Magnetic Control button (7) is connected with the magnetic force generation button wire ring (30) of each magnetic force generation button (14) by magnetic force conductor wire (13).
4. a kind of button magnetic force laboratory animal stimulating apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described anti-skidding cone (24) is that bottom surface diameter is 1-3 millimeter, is highly the conical protrusions of 0.5-1 millimeter; The described anti-skidding palm (25) is that bottom surface is coarse, and diameter is 1-3 millimeter, is highly the disc shape projection of 0.5-1 millimeter.
CN201410008365.9A 2014-01-08 2014-01-08 Fastener magnetism experiment animal stimulation device Expired - Fee Related CN103734026B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410008365.9A CN103734026B (en) 2014-01-08 2014-01-08 Fastener magnetism experiment animal stimulation device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410008365.9A CN103734026B (en) 2014-01-08 2014-01-08 Fastener magnetism experiment animal stimulation device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103734026A true CN103734026A (en) 2014-04-23
CN103734026B CN103734026B (en) 2015-10-07

Family

ID=50491166

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201410008365.9A Expired - Fee Related CN103734026B (en) 2014-01-08 2014-01-08 Fastener magnetism experiment animal stimulation device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN103734026B (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105393926A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-16 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所 Non-human primate animal self-drug delivery system operation box
CN106719065A (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-05-31 国网上海市电力公司 A kind of experimental provision and method for detecting animal to electrostatic field direction Preference
CN113274645A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-08-20 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 Electromagnetic loading device for magnetic genetic experiment of small animals
CN114514881A (en) * 2021-12-16 2022-05-20 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Experimental equipment

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020011217A1 (en) * 2000-04-28 2002-01-31 Brooks Steve Martin Electro-magnetically controlled pet door
DE20017002U1 (en) * 2000-09-28 2002-02-14 Flas, Gisela, 52146 Würselen Shielding device for pet cages
US20070000448A1 (en) * 2005-05-04 2007-01-04 Dan Dietz Multiple function animal furniture system
CN102150628A (en) * 2011-03-30 2011-08-17 中国人民解放军第三○二医院 Animal experiment device for simulating summer-heat and damp environment
CN103270972A (en) * 2013-06-06 2013-09-04 苏州新区枫桥净化设备厂 Multipurpose experimental animal cage
CN103355187A (en) * 2012-04-09 2013-10-23 上海市计划生育科学研究所 Animal model manufacturing device with magnetic field generating device
CN203313847U (en) * 2013-07-01 2013-12-04 苏州大学 Electromagnetic field exposure experiment mouse cage

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020011217A1 (en) * 2000-04-28 2002-01-31 Brooks Steve Martin Electro-magnetically controlled pet door
DE20017002U1 (en) * 2000-09-28 2002-02-14 Flas, Gisela, 52146 Würselen Shielding device for pet cages
US20070000448A1 (en) * 2005-05-04 2007-01-04 Dan Dietz Multiple function animal furniture system
CN102150628A (en) * 2011-03-30 2011-08-17 中国人民解放军第三○二医院 Animal experiment device for simulating summer-heat and damp environment
CN103355187A (en) * 2012-04-09 2013-10-23 上海市计划生育科学研究所 Animal model manufacturing device with magnetic field generating device
CN103270972A (en) * 2013-06-06 2013-09-04 苏州新区枫桥净化设备厂 Multipurpose experimental animal cage
CN203313847U (en) * 2013-07-01 2013-12-04 苏州大学 Electromagnetic field exposure experiment mouse cage

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105393926A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-16 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所 Non-human primate animal self-drug delivery system operation box
CN105393926B (en) * 2015-12-16 2018-02-06 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所 Non-human primate self administration system operatio case
CN106719065A (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-05-31 国网上海市电力公司 A kind of experimental provision and method for detecting animal to electrostatic field direction Preference
CN106719065B (en) * 2016-12-23 2019-10-22 国网上海市电力公司 It is a kind of to detect animal to the experimental provision and method of electrostatic field direction Preference
CN113274645A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-08-20 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 Electromagnetic loading device for magnetic genetic experiment of small animals
CN114514881A (en) * 2021-12-16 2022-05-20 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Experimental equipment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103734026B (en) 2015-10-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103734026A (en) Fastener magnetism experiment animal stimulation device
US8726842B2 (en) Animal memory training system with closed rotary maze
WO2012119322A1 (en) Closed rotary maze device for animal memory training system
CN107157705A (en) rehabilitation system and method
CN102049095A (en) Electromyographic feedback electrical stimulator
CN204219709U (en) A kind of intelligent healing hand function device and intelligent healing hand function system
Stepien et al. Memory in monkeys for compound stimuli
CN100479882C (en) Physiotherapy equipment by dense multi-point magnetic field
CN201537319U (en) Myoelectric feedback electric stimulation instrument
Haugland et al. Restoration of lateral hand grasp using natural sensors
CN109350930A (en) Data processing method, system and basin bottom device for healing and training based on biofeedback
Groth et al. High frequency synchrony in the cerebellar cortex during goal directed movements
Pinnell et al. A wireless EEG recording method for rat use inside the water maze
WO2012048247A3 (en) Localization of a brain network associated with sustained chronic pain
CN205126233U (en) Biological amazing feedback appearance of high -level omnidirectional integration treatment
Tomina et al. Chronic electromyographic analysis of circadian locomotor activity in crayfish
CN106730359A (en) Neurological rehabilitation treatment device
Lan et al. Neural and computational modeling of movement control
CN105996289A (en) Intelligent health-maintaining shoe
CN202376101U (en) Modular myoelectricity induction device for irritating penises
CN202446672U (en) Electrical stimulation therapeutic apparatus capable of outputting multiple kinds of waveforms
CN205569518U (en) Massage instrument with holographic frequency spectrum
CN211746689U (en) Marinating device for young pigeon processing
CN203253028U (en) Audio visual music training system
CN204502111U (en) A kind of animal electricity magnetic shield clothing

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20151007

Termination date: 20190108

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee