CN103730985B - A kind of megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system - Google Patents
A kind of megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103730985B CN103730985B CN201410026438.7A CN201410026438A CN103730985B CN 103730985 B CN103730985 B CN 103730985B CN 201410026438 A CN201410026438 A CN 201410026438A CN 103730985 B CN103730985 B CN 103730985B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system.This system comprise armature winding stator, with the rotor of superconduction magnet exciting coil and cryogenic refrigerating unit, described cryogenic refrigerating unit is fixed on rotor hub, with rotor synchronous rotary.Described cryogenic refrigerating unit comprises connected successively cold head, surge tank, aftercooler and powers for cold head and provide the compressor of refrigeration working medium, and is wrapped in the cooling water pipe around aftercooler.The swivel joint leading in/out recirculated cooling water for cooling water pipe is connected with rotor shaft, and the slip ring of powering for compressor is compounded on swivel joint.Superconduction magnet exciting coil is placed in cooled cryostat, and cold head gos deep into cooled cryostat and carries out Conduction cooled to superconduction magnet exciting coil.Compared with prior art, present invention obviates existing cryogenic swivel sealing gland performance, thermal radiation and convective heat exchange to the negative effect of refrigerating system, substantially increase the stability of refrigerating system, reliability and validity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system that a kind of cryogenic refrigerating unit is entirely built-in.
Background technology
The cooling scheme of MW class high-temperature superconductor blower fan is generally based on thermosiphon principle and gas forced convection principle, refrigerating system is independently arranged on outside motor, therefore needs a cryogenic swivel to realize refrigeration working medium from static refrigerating system to the transition problem of the superconduction magnet exciting coil rotated.But at present, still there is following problem in the use of cryogenic swivel: the first, sealing gland.Although the sealing technology of cryogenic swivel constantly improves, the heat caused due to sealing gland performance is revealed and the leakage (cause cryogenic swivel is freezing cannot be rotated) of refrigeration working medium, is the bottleneck that cryogenic swivel cannot overcome always.The second, thermal radiation.Thermal radiation mainly comprises two aspects: a. refrigeration working medium is introduced in cryogenic vacuum Dewar by outside motor, and because transmission path is long, and swivel joint and fractional transmission pipeline are in normal temperature environment, occur thermal radiation unavoidably; B. cryogenic swivel rotates for a long time, rotation portion frictional heat, produces thermal radiation.3rd, convective heat exchange.Refrigeration working medium flows into and all through cryogenic swivel, owing to there is the temperature difference, both meeting generation convective heat exchange between the refrigeration working medium after backflow and the refrigeration working medium of inflow, will increase heat load in reflux course.Above-mentioned cryogenic swivel uses three problems existed, and the reliability of refrigerating system work, fail safe and validity are reduced greatly.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of cryogenic refrigerating unit is provided to be built in rotor hub, megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system with rotor synchronous rotary, avoid cryogenic swivel sealing gland performance, thermal radiation and convective heat exchange to the negative effect of refrigerating system, substantially increase the stability of refrigerating system, reliability and validity.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system that the present invention proposes, comprises the stator of armature winding, with the rotor of superconduction magnet exciting coil and cryogenic refrigerating unit; Described cryogenic refrigerating unit is fixed on rotor hub, with rotor synchronous rotary; Described cryogenic refrigerating unit comprises connected successively cold head, surge tank, aftercooler and powers for cold head and provide the compressor of refrigeration working medium (every compressor mates a cold head), and is wrapped in the cooling water pipe around aftercooler; The swivel joint leading in/out recirculated cooling water for cooling water pipe is connected with rotor shaft, and the slip ring of powering for compressor is compounded on swivel joint; Superconduction magnet exciting coil is placed in cooled cryostat, and cold head gos deep into cooled cryostat and carries out Conduction cooled to superconduction magnet exciting coil.
Built-in (being namely fixed on rotor hub, with rotor synchronous rotary) of above-mentioned cryogenic refrigerating unit solve conventional refrigerant system external time cryogenic swivel problem.Aftercooler adopts water cooling circulation cooling, around each aftercooler, be wound around cooling water pipe, for inflow and the problem of outflow of cooling water, adopts cooling water rotating joint to be solved.Described swivel joint comprises stationary parts and is placed in the rotating parts of stationary parts central authorities, and rotating parts realizes seal rotary by Magneticfluid Seal Technique and stationary parts; One end of rotating parts is connected with outer, stationary water pipe by the cooling water flow entrance on stationary parts, recirculated cooling water is introduced rotating parts inside, and the other end of rotating parts is provided with cooling water flow outlet and connects with cooling water pipe; Rotating parts is double-decker, form cooling water return flow line between layers, one end, cooling water return flow line is provided with backflow cooling water inlet and connects with cooling water pipe, and the cooling water return flow line other end is provided with backflow coolant outlet, makes recirculated cooling water come back to cooling reservoir.For cooling water flow outlet, backflow cooling water inlet, need to design corresponding opening number according to the actual number of compressor, to ensure the smooth circulation of cooling water.In order to ensure Homogeneous cooling, two compressors being installed by each roots rotor wheel hub, arranging in the bilateral symmetry of rotor hub.
Described slip ring comprises slip ring stiff end, brush and slip ring sliding end; Slip ring stiff end and brush are connected by conductor plate and are fixed on described stationary parts, slip ring stiff end are equipped with power supply lead wire, are connected with external power source; Slip ring sliding end is fixed on described rotating parts, by realizing powering to compressor with the electrical contact of brush.The fixed part of slip ring is fixed on the stationary parts of swivel joint, the sliding end of slip ring is fixed on the rotating parts of swivel joint simultaneously, adopt compressor to supply the structure of electric slip ring and cooling water rotating joint compound, efficiently solve the Rotation rotating powerup issue and cooling water circulation cooling system simultaneously.
In existing superconducting motor Conduction cooled scheme, generally adopt the scheme that directly contacts with coil of cold head, but the problem such as the program exists that structure is compact not, heat conduction is uneven, the coefficient of overall heat transmission is on the low side, bad mechanical property, cooling time are grown partially.For the problems referred to above, design described cold head, by heat-transfer device, Conduction cooled is carried out to superconduction magnet exciting coil; Described heat-transfer device comprises the two pieces of radially stacked heat-conducting plates being located at superconduction magnet exciting coil upper surface and lower surface, be located at the stacking heat-conducting plate of axis of superconduction magnet exciting coil sidewall, be located at the axial thermal conductivity sheet outside the axial stacking heat-conducting plate in superconduction magnet exciting coil arc section place, the radial guiding backing that conducting strip perpendicular to axial direction is arranged, and be located on radial guiding backing, for wrapping up the cold head groove of cold head; Radially stacked heat-conducting plate, axially stacking heat-conducting plate and axial thermal conductivity sheet are fixedly connected as a single entity by fixed head and heat conduction nut (heat conduction nut adopts the good material of heat conductivility to make, as red copper etc.).Cold head groove is used for, to the abundant heat conduction of cold head and fixing, ensureing conduction and the mechanical stability of cold head heat; Radial guiding backing and axial thermal conductivity sheet ensure to be delivered to radially stacked heat-conducting plate and axial stacking heat-conducting plate from the even heat of cold head; Radially stacked heat-conducting plate and axially stacking heat-conducting plate are respectively used to the radial and axial conduction of heat, realize the full and uniform cooling to superconduction magnet exciting coil; The good nut of heat conductivility, except fixation, also has the effect of axial thermal conductivity, effectively improves the conduction of heat.
Described radially stacked heat-conducting plate and axially stacking heat-conducting plate are copper sheet stacked structure, scribble insulation, high thermal conductivity powder between adjacent copper sheet; Described insulation, high thermal conductivity powder can be Al
2o
3, or AlN powder, or silicon powder, or MgO powder, etc.The edge of radially stacked heat-conducting plate and axially stacking heat-conducting plate is teeth groove shape, and groove depth is 2-3mm.Copper sheet stacked structure can suppress axial eddy loss very well, and teeth groove shape marginal texture can suppress radial whirl loss very well, to reduce the heat load of described cryogenic refrigerating unit.
What described compressor was preferably motor power supply has oily screw compressor, can solve compressor heat radiation and lubrication problem; Be provided with multi-grade oil separator between surge tank and aftercooler, be provided with separating oil reflux line between multi-grade oil separator and compressor, surge tank is the surge tank of compound oil absorption.Have the oil that has of oily screw compressor greatly can reduce the contact friction in compressor two vortex faces, extend working life, can reduce the temperature that exhaust outlet goes out gas, in addition, compressor can also rely on oil cooling but simultaneously.Be placed in the aftercooler after compressor and carry out precooling as the one-level cooling of compressor, the gas after compression is lowered the temperature, to reduce the live load of cold head.Because compressor is for there being oily formula, the gas that exhaust outlet is discharged will adulterate oily matter (helium containing oil droplet and oil vapour), need add gs-oil separator and is separated by the oily matter in refrigerant gas; Because cooled helium oil is separated much easier, therefore multi-grade oil separator is arranged on after aftercooler.Described separating oil reflux line is used for the oil after by separation and returns compressor, to recycle.Because compressor is applicable to running continuously, and the intake and exhaust of cold head are periodically variable, in addition the exhaust end pressure of compressor is excessive, if directly enter cold head, certain impact can be caused to cold head, therefore, surge tank need be assembled before cold head, the Compressed Gas of continuity work is transformed into the gas of periodic duty, avoids Compressed Gas to the impact of cold head simultaneously.The oil gas of low-temperature helium after Oil-gas Separation still containing trace, need to rely on active carbon adsorber absorption, be therefore compounded on surge tank by oily absorber, namely surge tank is the surge tank of compound oil absorption.
Described rotor axial length is less than 2m, and diameter is 4.5-5m, to ensure that rotor hub has sufficient space to install cryogenic refrigerating unit; Described rotor speed is 10-12rpm, reduces the impact of rotary course on cryogenic refrigerating unit mechanical performance and operating characteristic.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: cryogenic refrigerating unit, with rotor synchronous rotary, can avoid cryogenic swivel sealing gland performance to the negative effect of refrigeration system reliability; Compressor and cold head are fixed on rotor hub nearby, shorten the fed distance of cold-producing medium, improve refrigerating efficiency; Compressor supplies the composite construction of electric slip ring and water-cooling swivel joint, solves the rotation of water cooling cooling system and the powerup issue of compressor simultaneously; Heat-conducting plate adopts copper sheet stacked structure and edge teeth's channel-shaped, can suppress very well axially and radial whirl loss.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system.
Fig. 2 is the perspective view that water-cooling swivel joint and compressor supply electric slip ring compound.
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of the rotating parts of water-cooling swivel joint.
Fig. 4 is the perspective view of the axial thermal conductivity sheet of heat-transfer device, radial guiding backing, cold head groove and fixed head.
Fig. 5 is the radially stacked heat-conducting plate of heat-transfer device and the perspective view of axial stacking heat-conducting plate.
Fig. 6 is the teeth groove shape marginal texture schematic diagram of radially stacked heat-conducting plate.
Fig. 7 is the assembling perspective view of heat-transfer device.
Fig. 8 is the perspective view of megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system in embodiment 1.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of cryogenic refrigerating unit in embodiment 1.
Number in the figure is as follows:
1 compressor 2 cold head
3 heat-transfer device 4 cooled cryostats
5 superconduction magnet exciting coil 6 swivel joints
7 rotor shaft 8 rotor hubs
9 stator 10 cooling water pipes
11 armature winding 12 rotor supports
13 aftercooler 14 surge tanks
15 multi-grade oil separator 16 separating oil reflux lines
31 radially stacked heat-conducting plates 32 axially stacking heat-conducting plate
33 axial thermal conductivity sheet 34 radial guiding backings
35 cold head groove 36 fixed heads
37 heat conduction nut 61 rotating partss
62 stationary parts 63 cooling water flow entrances
64 cooling water flows export 65 cooling water return flow lines
Reflux coolant outlet in 66 backflow cooling water inlets 67
68 slip ring stiff end 69 brushes
60 slip ring sliding ends
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are further described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9.Build a synchronizing direct-drive half superconduct Megawatt fan system, concrete structure: stator 9 is double-deck copper armature winding 11, is distributed in 144 grooves.Rotor portion is with 6 racetrack superconduction magnet exciting coils 5 of YBCO band coiling, and the positional alignment of respective rotor wheel hub 8 in rotor supports 12, and is placed in cooled cryostat 4; Rotor axial length is 1.5m, and diameter is 4.5m, and rated speed during normal work is 10rpm.Rotor hub 8 number is 6, each roots rotor wheel hub 8 is installed two compressors 1, arranges, jointly freeze to a superconduction magnet exciting coil 5 in the bilateral symmetry of rotor hub 8.What compressor 1 was motor power supply has oily screw compressor, be provided with successively after compressor 1 aftercooler 13, multi-grade oil separator 15, compound oil absorption surge tank 14 and cold head 2, separating oil reflux line 16 is provided with between multi-grade oil separator 15 and compressor 1, every compressor 1 mates a cold head 2, cold head 2 is fixed on rotor hub 8 nearby, ensures that compressor 1 is closely powered to it and provides refrigeration working medium; Cold head 2 is deep in cooled cryostat 4 and carries out Conduction cooled by heat-transfer device 3 pairs of superconduction magnet exciting coils 5.All be wound around cooling water pipe 10 around aftercooler 13 after every compressor 1, for heat radiation, in cooling water pipe 10, the swivel joint 6 led in/out by being fixed on rotor shaft 7 end of recirculated cooling water realizes; Powered by the slip ring be compounded on swivel joint 6 when compressor 1 works.The surge tank 14 that above-mentioned compressor 1, aftercooler 13, multi-grade oil separator 15, compound oil adsorb, separating oil reflux line 16, cold head 2, heat-transfer device 3 and cooling water pipe 10 form cryogenic refrigerating unit jointly, are fixed on rotor hub 8, with rotor synchronous rotary.
Swivel joint 6 comprises stationary parts 62 and is placed in the rotating parts 61 of stationary parts 62 central authorities, and rotating parts 61 realizes seal rotary by Magneticfluid Seal Technique and stationary parts 62.One end of rotating parts 61 is connected with outer, stationary water pipe by the cooling water flow entrance 63 on stationary parts 62, recirculated cooling water is introduced rotating parts 61 inner; The other end of rotating parts 61 is provided with 12 cooling water flow outlets 64, and connects with cooling water pipe 10 respectively.Rotating parts 61 is double-decker, forms cooling water return flow line 65 between layers; One end, cooling water return flow line 65 is provided with 12 backflow cooling water inlets 66, and connects with cooling water pipe 10 respectively; Cooling water return flow line 65 other end is provided with backflow coolant outlet 67, makes recirculated cooling water come back to cooling reservoir.
Described slip ring comprises slip ring stiff end 68, brush 69 and slip ring sliding end 60.Slip ring stiff end 68 is connected by conductor plate with brush 69, and slip ring stiff end 68 and brush 69 are fixed on stationary parts 62; Slip ring stiff end 68 is equipped with power supply lead wire, is connected with external power source.Slip ring sliding end 60 is fixed on rotating parts 61, by realizing to 12 compressors 1 power supply with the electrical contact of brush 69.
Heat-transfer device 3 wraps up superconduction magnet exciting coil 5, and is placed in cooled cryostat 4.Heat-transfer device 3 comprises the two pieces of radially stacked heat-conducting plates 31 being located at superconduction magnet exciting coil 5 upper surface and lower surface, be located at the stacking heat-conducting plate 32 of axis of superconduction magnet exciting coil 5 sidewall, be located at the axial thermal conductivity sheet 33 outside the axial stacking heat-conducting plate 32 in superconduction magnet exciting coil 5 arc section place, the radial guiding backing 34 that conducting strip 33 perpendicular to axial direction is arranged, and be located on radial guiding backing 34, for wrapping up the cold head groove 35 of cold head 2; Radially stacked heat-conducting plate 31, axially stacking heat-conducting plate 32 and axial thermal conductivity sheet 33 are fixedly connected as a single entity by fixed head 36 and heat conduction nut 37.Radially stacked heat-conducting plate 31 and axially stacking heat-conducting plate 32 form by the copper sheet that heat conductivility is excellent is stacking, scribble silicon powder between adjacent copper sheet.The edge of radially stacked heat-conducting plate 31 and axially stacking heat-conducting plate 32 is teeth groove shape, and groove depth is 2mm.
Embodiment 2
The place identical with embodiment 1 no longer repeated description, difference is: superconduction magnet exciting coil 5 is by MgB
2band coiling forms.Rotor axial length is 1.8m, and diameter is 5m, and rated speed during normal work is 12rpm.Al is scribbled between adjacent copper sheet
2o
3.The edge of radially stacked heat-conducting plate 31 and axially stacking heat-conducting plate 32 is teeth groove shape, and groove depth is 3mm.
Embodiment 3
The place identical with embodiment 1 no longer repeated description, difference is: superconduction magnet exciting coil 5 is by YBCO band and MgB
2the common coiling of band forms; According to the difference of two kinds of superconducting tape High-Field current capacities, the internal layer (High-Field part) of superconduction magnet exciting coil 5 is by the coiling of YBCO band, and the skin (low field part) of superconduction magnet exciting coil 5 is by MgB
2band coiling.AlN powder is scribbled between adjacent copper sheet.
Embodiment 4
The place identical with embodiment 1 no longer repeated description, difference is: superconduction magnet exciting coil 5 is formed by low temperature superconducting material NbTi coiling.MgO powder is scribbled between adjacent copper sheet.
Claims (9)
1. a megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system, comprise the stator (9) with armature winding (11), the rotor with superconduction magnet exciting coil (5) and cryogenic refrigerating unit, it is characterized in that: described cryogenic refrigerating unit is fixed on rotor hub (8), with rotor synchronous rotary; Described cryogenic refrigerating unit comprises connected successively cold head (2), surge tank (14), aftercooler (13) and powers for cold head (2) and provide the compressor (1) of refrigeration working medium, and is wrapped in aftercooler (13) cooling water pipe (10) around; The swivel joint (6) leading in/out recirculated cooling water for cooling water pipe (10) is connected with rotor shaft (7), and the slip ring of powering for compressor (1) is compounded on swivel joint (6); Superconduction magnet exciting coil (5) is placed in cooled cryostat (4), and cold head (2) gos deep into cooled cryostat (4) and carries out Conduction cooled to superconduction magnet exciting coil (5).
2. megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: swivel joint (6) comprises stationary parts (62) and is placed in the rotating parts (61) of stationary parts (62) central authorities, and rotating parts (61) realizes seal rotary by Magneticfluid Seal Technique and stationary parts (62); One end of rotating parts (61) is connected with outer, stationary water pipe by the cooling water flow entrance (63) on stationary parts (62), it is inner recirculated cooling water to be introduced rotating parts (61), and the other end of rotating parts (61) is provided with cooling water flow outlet (64) and connects with cooling water pipe (10); Rotating parts (61) is double-decker, form cooling water return flow line (65) between layers, cooling water return flow line (65) one end is provided with backflow cooling water inlet (66) and connects with cooling water pipe (10), and cooling water return flow line (65) other end is provided with backflow coolant outlet (67), makes recirculated cooling water come back to cooling reservoir.
3. megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described slip ring comprises slip ring stiff end (68), brush (69) and slip ring sliding end (60); Slip ring stiff end (68) and brush (69) are connected by conductor plate and are fixed on stationary parts (62), and slip ring stiff end (68) is equipped with power supply lead wire, is connected with external power source; Slip ring sliding end (60) is fixed on rotating parts (61), by realizing powering to compressor (1) with the electrical contact of brush (69).
4., according to the arbitrary described megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: cold head (2) carries out Conduction cooled by heat-transfer device (3) to superconduction magnet exciting coil (5); Heat-transfer device (3) comprises the two pieces of radially stacked heat-conducting plates (31) being located at superconduction magnet exciting coil (5) upper surface and lower surface, be located at the stacking heat-conducting plate of axis (32) of superconduction magnet exciting coil (5) sidewall, be located at the axial thermal conductivity sheet (33) in axial stacking heat-conducting plate (32) outside, superconduction magnet exciting coil (5) arc section place, the radial guiding backing (34) that conducting strip perpendicular to axial direction (33) is arranged, and be located on radial guiding backing (34), for wrapping up the cold head groove (35) of cold head (2); Radially stacked heat-conducting plate (31), axially stacking heat-conducting plate (32) and axial thermal conductivity sheet (33) are fixedly connected as a single entity by fixed head (36) and heat conduction nut (37).
5. megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: radially stacked heat-conducting plate (31) and axially stacking heat-conducting plate (32) are copper sheet stacked structure, scribble insulation, high thermal conductivity powder between adjacent copper sheet.
6. megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the edge of radially stacked heat-conducting plate (31) and axially stacking heat-conducting plate (32) is teeth groove shape, and groove depth is 2-3mm.
7. megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described insulation, high thermal conductivity powder are Al
2o
3, or AlN powder, or silicon powder, or MgO powder.
8. according to the arbitrary described megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: what compressor (1) was motor power supply has oily screw compressor, multi-grade oil separator (15) is provided with between surge tank (14) and aftercooler (13), separating oil reflux line (16) is provided with, the surge tank that surge tank (14) adsorbs for compound oil between multi-grade oil separator (15) and compressor (1).
9., according to the arbitrary described megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described rotor axial length is less than 2m, diameter is 4.5-5m, and rotating speed is 10-12rpm.
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| CN201410026438.7A CN103730985B (en) | 2014-01-21 | 2014-01-21 | A kind of megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system |
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| CN201410026438.7A CN103730985B (en) | 2014-01-21 | 2014-01-21 | A kind of megawatt high temperature superconductor fan system |
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| CN106839214A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-13 | 深圳沃海森科技有限公司 | Wall-mounted superconduction indoor set |
| CN107062503A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-08-18 | 深圳沃海森科技有限公司 | The new blower fan of superconductive type elevator |
| CN114320755B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2024-05-24 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） | Direct-drive superconducting wind power generator |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1385948A (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-12-18 | 通用电气公司 | Low temp. cooling system for rotor with high-temp. superconductive excitation winding |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS63249466A (en) * | 1987-04-03 | 1988-10-17 | Hitachi Ltd | Refrigerating machine |
| JP2638827B2 (en) * | 1987-08-18 | 1997-08-06 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Electric motor |
| JP5446199B2 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2014-03-19 | 国立大学法人 新潟大学 | Superconducting rotating machine |
| KR100999687B1 (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2010-12-08 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | Superconduction Rotating Apparatus having Rotator mounted Cooling Part |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1385948A (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-12-18 | 通用电气公司 | Low temp. cooling system for rotor with high-temp. superconductive excitation winding |
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