CN102983679A - In-slot self-cooling high-speed permanent magnetic motor system for compressor - Google Patents
In-slot self-cooling high-speed permanent magnetic motor system for compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102983679A CN102983679A CN2012104933403A CN201210493340A CN102983679A CN 102983679 A CN102983679 A CN 102983679A CN 2012104933403 A CN2012104933403 A CN 2012104933403A CN 201210493340 A CN201210493340 A CN 201210493340A CN 102983679 A CN102983679 A CN 102983679A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an in-slot self-cooling high-speed permanent magnetic motor system for a compressor and belongs to the technical field of motors. The megawatt high-speed variable-frequency motor comprises a cooling water jacket, a stator core, a stator winding, a stator radial air channel, an inner stator air channel, a permanent magnet rotor, two sliding bearings and two compressor impellers. The system has the advantages that the problems of severe heat and uneven temperatures of a high-speed motor rotor can be solved effectively; the problems of the over-temperature and overlarge axial temperature gradient of the stator core are solved; and not only the strength problem of a permanent magnet under a condition of high-speed rotation of the rotor can be solved mechanically, but also higher harmonics can be effectively prevented from entering the permanent magnet and generating added losses electromagnetically.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the motor technology field, relate to a kind of compressor with certainly cooling off the high-speed permanent magnet motor system in the groove, this motor has simple in structure, efficient is high, reliability, thermal diffusivity are good, the rotor strength high, and realize that motor and compressor are integrated, be specially adapted in the compressor of natural gas line conveying.
Background technology
High-speed motor is because rotating speed is high, power density is large, volume is little, effectively economical with materials; The high-speed motor moment of inertia is less, and dynamic response is very fast; High-speed motor can directly link to each other with working machine or load, has saved traditional mechanical variable speed device, thereby can reduce the efficient of noise and raising drive system.The research of high-speed motor and application meet the economic development needs of energy-saving and emission-reduction, are with a wide range of applications in high speed grinding machine, air circulation refrigeration system, accumulated energy flywheel, high speed centrifugation compressor, air blast, Aero-Space etc.Be specially adapted in the compressor, can adopt the high speed adjustable frequency motor directly to drive centrifugal compressor, make set structure simple, without shaft coupling, non-gear box, can raise the efficiency, reduce maintenance cost and electromechanical integration easy for installation, that realize motor and compressor.
Permanent magnet motor is simple in structure with it, and power is can density high, without excitation loss, efficient advantages of higher, is best suited for high-speed motor.It is larger that high-speed high frequency motor and common motor are compared design difficulty, the high-speed motor rotating speed turns even tens0000 turns up to per minute is tens thousand of, peripheral speed can reach more than the 200m/s, motor is in the situation of High Rotation Speed, the friction of air and rotor surface produces very large wind abrasion, the eddy current loss of rotor permanent magnet is also very large, powerful high speed permanent motor particularly, stator core loss and winding loss are all up to thousands of watts even upper myriawatt, cause motor temperature too high, and irreversible demagnetization can occur in permanent magnet in the situation of excess Temperature, give the motor harm, so the heat radiation of motor becomes one of key problem of motor designs.For permanent magnet motor, the rotor strength problem is more outstanding, must take safeguard measure to it because permanent magnet can not bear the tension stress of High Rotation Speed generation, and rotor design and processing technology also become one of difficult point of high-speed motor design.In addition, in order to reduce centrifugal force and to produce the power output that needs, rotor is generally slender type, for realizing that with compressor the motor rotor of electromechanical integration requires its rated speed to cross over 1 rank crooked critical rotary speed and less than 2 rank crooked critical rotary speeds, so the rotor dynamics design also is key issue.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the invention provides a kind of compressor with certainly cooling off the high-speed permanent magnet motor system in the groove, its objective is solution rotor in the past permanent magnet insufficient strength and that damaged problem and high-power high density loss of electric machine density easily occur is large in the situation of High Rotation Speed, heat is difficult to shed, temperature rise is too high and have a strong impact on the problem of motor reliability and service life, prevented that simultaneously high order harmonic component from entering permanent magnet and producing supplementary load loss, avoid permanent magnet that the phenomenon of serious demagnetization even irreversible demagnetization occurs under high-temperature condition, greatly improved the reliability operation of motor.
Technical scheme:
A kind of compressor is with certainly cooling off the high-speed permanent magnet motor system in the groove, comprise casing and be arranged on casing interior stator and rotor, the two ends of casing are respectively arranged with left end cap and right end cap, it is characterized in that: the outer setting at casing has cooling jacket, and the inside of cooling jacket is circumferential spiral channel; Described stator comprises stator core, stator winding and winding pressing plate, and stator winding is arranged in the stator core, and the centre of stator core is provided with the radial passage, and the radial passage is communicated with the axially interior air channel that is arranged on rotor periphery; Be provided with the air outlet that interior air channel wind is out drawn at left end cap and right end cap.
Rotor is comprised of rotor core, permanent magnet and carbon fiber sheath, and rotor core is arranged in the rotating shaft, and permanent magnet is attached to the outer round surface of rotor core, and the carbon fiber sheath wraps in the permanent magnet periphery; Permanent magnet axially is divided into multistage rotor core; permanent magnet is tied with one deck glass fiber outward; glass fiber and high-intensity carbon fiber form protective sleeve jointly; and with the permanent magnet interference fit; rotating shaft is Double shaft-extension; rotating shaft two ends sliding supported condition respectively is equipped with the cantilever impeller of a centrifugal compressor at the two ends of rotating shaft.
The cantilever impeller of centrifugal compressor becomes one motor reel and compressor shaft, and the cantilever impeller is installed in the sliding bearing outside.
Permanent magnet and carbon fiber sheath are realized the interference assembling under cooled with liquid nitrogen, and permanent magnet advances conduct to magnetizing with the assembling of carbon fiber sheath after machine work.
The stator slot that is used for arranging winding on the stator is rectangular channel, winding divides upper and lower two-layer, adopts fractional-slot short distance winding, and interior air channel is left on the notch top of stator slot, winding embeds in the stator slot, and stator core is overrided to form by ultra-thin low-loss cold rolling non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
Motor is driven by high-pressure frequency-conversion.
Circumferentially the spiral channel two-way is in parallel, is water inlet in the middle of the stator, and the water channel two ends are delivery port.
The two ends of stator are provided with the winding pressing plate.
Be provided with conductive powder in the carbon fiber sheath.
Advantageous effect:
For the problem of above-mentioned existence, the present invention is a kind of high-speed permanent magnetic synchronous motor of four utmost points, and the stator grooved adopts rectangular channel, and every extremely every phase groove number is fractional-slot, and winding adopts double-deck short distance winding; Cooling system adopts mode air-cooled and that water-cooled combines; air-cooled by Compressor Process gas; adopt the radial and axial type of cooling of mixing mutually; water-cooled adopts the helical pipe of circumferential two-way parallel connection; rotor adopts the mounted permanent magnet of face; the permanent magnet protective sleeve adopts the carbon fiber protective sleeve of the high non-magnetic conduction of the light intensity of quality; and be tied with the glass fiber of thin layer in the inboard of carbon fiber protective sleeve; in the carbon fiber sheath, add simultaneously a certain amount of conductive powder; carbon fiber protective sleeve and permanent magnet adopt interference fit under cooled with liquid nitrogen; by electromagnetism and Design of Mechanical Structure; make high-speed permanent magnet motor reach performance requirement, and solve the problem of above-mentioned existence.
Specific as follows:
1. the permanent magnet protective sleeve adopts carbon fibre composite in the rotor structure of the present invention, density is little because carbon fibre composite has, hot strength is large, temperature influence is less, can protect in the situation of high temperature and high speed rotation permanent magnet safer and more effectively; Add a certain amount of conductive powder in the carbon fiber protective sleeve, can play to permanent magnet the effect of electromagnetic shielding, prevent that high order harmonic component magnetic field from entering permanent magnet and producing supplementary load loss, be conducive to reduce eddy current loss and the rotor generation heat of rotor permanent magnet, prevent the phenomenon of the serious loss of excitation of the too high generation of permanent magnet temperature rise even irreversible demagnetization, can also increase electric efficiency simultaneously; Permanent magnet and sheath adopt interference fit under cooled with liquid nitrogen, make protective sleeve apply certain precompression to permanent magnet, the tension stress that produces in order to offset High Rotation Speed centrifugal force, the magnitude of interference to permanent magnet and sheath is optimized design, make permanent magnet under high temperature and High Rotation Speed, bear all the time compression, it is broken to prevent that permanent magnet from being drawn under centrifugal action, guarantees that simultaneously sheath still can satisfy requirement of strength under centrifugal action; The internal layer of carbon fiber protective sleeve adds the larger glass fiber of density of thin layer; the gap that can reduce permanent magnet pole clearance and permanent magnet axial segmentation and between permanent magnet, produce; thereby the bending stress that produces can more effective safer playing a protective role to permanent magnet.
2. motor stator grooved of the present invention adopts rectangular channel, winding adopts the flat type copper wire winding, not only can obtain larger slot mouth size, can also greatly improve the utilance of motor slot, obtain larger interior air channel draught area, better transmit thereby cold wind and rotor are more contacted with heat, help to reduce the rotor temperature rise, improve the motor reliability operation.The every extremely every phase groove number of stator adopts fractional-slot, and winding adopts double-deck short distance winding, can avoid because the notch size produces larger cogging torque greatly, and torque ripple, vibration and noise when reducing the motor operation make the more stable operation of motor.
3. motor cooling of the present invention system is the air-cooled mode that combines with water-cooled, its rotor adopts air-cooled, compressor malleation process gas is by air channel in stator, stator core intermediate radial air channel, arrive rotor airgap, this ventilating system is simple in structure, and can make temperature of rotor more even, avoid rotor larger temperature gradient to occur, can avoid permanent magnet because of excess Temperature serious loss of excitation to occur even cause the phenomenon of irreversible demagnetization, malleation wind air advances less than in the machine simultaneously, and the possibility of fire is no better than zero.Stator adopts water-cooling pattern, on casing, directly process spiral water jacket, adopt parallel branch, water channel is intake from the centre, the two ends water outlet, this kind design has solved the too high problem of the excessive temperature rise of Large-power High-Speed motor stator loss, has avoided also simultaneously that the water route is long causes larger temperature gradient, prevents that temperature rise in the winding is too high and reduces the problem in winding insulation life-span.For compressor Large-power High-Speed adjustable frequency motor, the air-cooled type of cooling that combines with water-cooled of this kind, can effectively solve the problem that the high-speed electric expreess locomotive volume is little, loss density large, heat is difficult to shed, the safe operating life of the Large-power High-Speed motor that improves greatly.
4 Large-power High-Speed adjustable frequency motors of the present invention and centrifugal compressor main shaft are realized electromechanical integration, be that the high speed adjustable frequency motor directly drives centrifugal compressor, make set structure simple, lower without shaft coupling, non-gear box, noise, can raise the efficiency, reduce maintenance cost and easy for installation.
Description of drawings
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is overall structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the motor ventilation plan.
Among the figure: 1. casing, 2. rotor core, 3. segment permanent magnet body, 4. carbon fiber protective sleeve; 5. interior air channel, 6. stator winding, 7. stator core, 8. radial passage; 9. spiral channel, 10. water channel shell, 11. stator right-hand member pressing plates, 12. winding overhangs; 13. rotating shaft, 14. right end caps, 15. ducting outlets, 16. right sliding bearings; 17. compressor second level impeller, 18. compressor first order impellers, 19. left sliding bearings, 20. left end caps; 21. stator left end pressing plate, 22. hole back-up rings, 23. air gaps.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing invention is described further.
The invention provides a kind of compressor with certainly cooling off the high-speed permanent magnet motor system in the groove, comprise casing 1 and the stator and the rotor that are arranged in the casing 1, the two ends of casing 1 are respectively arranged with left end cap 20 and right end cap 14, outer setting at casing 1 has cooling jacket, and the inside of cooling jacket is circumferential spiral channel 9; Described stator comprises stator core 7, stator winding 6 and winding pressing plate, and stator winding is arranged in the stator core 7, and the centre of stator core 7 is provided with radial passage 8, and radial passage 8 is communicated with the axially interior air channel 5 that is arranged on rotor periphery; Be provided with the air outlet 15 that interior air channel 5 wind is out drawn at left end cap 20 and right end cap 14.
Rotor is comprised of rotor core 2, permanent magnet 3 and carbon fiber sheath 4, and rotor core 2 is arranged in the rotating shaft 13, and permanent magnet 3 is attached to the outer round surface of rotor core 2, and carbon fiber sheath 4 wraps in permanent magnet 3 peripheries; Permanent magnet axially is divided into multistage rotor core 2; carbon fiber protective sleeve inboard is tied with one deck glass fiber; glass fiber and high-intensity carbon fiber form protective sleeve jointly; and with the permanent magnet interference fit; rotating shaft is Double shaft-extension; rotating shaft two ends sliding supported condition respectively is equipped with the cantilever impeller of a centrifugal compressor at the two ends of rotating shaft 13.The cantilever impeller of centrifugal compressor is divided into compressor second level impeller 17 and compressor first order impeller 18.
The cantilever impeller of centrifugal compressor becomes one motor reel and compressor shaft, and the cantilever impeller is installed in the sliding bearing outside.
Permanent magnet and carbon fiber sheath are realized the interference assembling under cooled with liquid nitrogen, and permanent magnet advances conduct to magnetizing with the assembling of carbon fiber sheath after machine work.
The stator slot that is used for arranging winding on the stator is rectangular channel, winding divides upper and lower two-layer, adopts fractional-slot short distance winding, and interior air channel is left on the notch top of stator slot, winding embeds in the stator slot, and stator core is overrided to form by ultra-thin low-loss cold rolling non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
Motor is driven by high-pressure frequency-conversion.Circumferentially spiral channel 9 two-way are in parallel, are water inlet in the middle of the stator, and the water channel two ends are delivery port.The two ends of stator are provided with the winding pressing plate.Be provided with conductive powder in the carbon fiber sheath.
Specifically:
Such as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, have circumferential spiral channel 9 on the casing 1, spiral channel 9 outsides have water channel shell 10 to surround, stator right-hand member pressing plate 11 and stator left end pressing plate 21 are equipped with in stator core 7 two ends, stator right-hand member pressing plate 11 and stator left end pressing plate 21 are installed on the casing 1 by the location shaft shoulder and circlip for hole 22, in the stator slot that stator winding 6 embeds in the stator core 7, the stator grooved adopts rectangular channel, winding adopts the double-deck short distance winding of flat type copper wire, the every extremely every phase groove number of stator adopts fractional-slot, not only can obtain larger slot mouth size, improve the utilance of groove, increase the wind path area of dissipation, thereby cold wind and rotor are more contacted with heat better to be transmitted, can also avoid because the notch size produces larger cogging torque greatly, the torque ripple when reducing the motor operation makes the more stable operation of motor.
Rotor is by rotor core 2, segment permanent magnet body 3, carbon fiber sheath 4 and rotating shaft 13 form, wherein low-carbon steel material is adopted in rotor core, permanent magnet circumferentially is divided into four sections and is affixed on the rotor core surface, leave certain interval between permanent magnet, and affixed every magnetic glue with high strength, axially some sections, carbon fiber protective sleeve inboard is tied with thinner glass fiber, in carbon fiber protective sleeve 4, add simultaneously a certain amount of conductive powder, under cooled with liquid nitrogen, assemble with the interference of carbon fiber pretective sleeve pipe, make 4 pairs of permanent magnets 3 of carbon fiber sheath apply certain precompression, the tension stress that produces in order to offset High Rotation Speed centrifugal force, and make and under centrifugal action, bear all the time compression under the permanent magnet rated speed, not only effectively protect from machinery p-m rotor, simultaneously permanent magnet there is the effect of electromagnetic shielding, can prevents effectively that high order harmonic component from entering permanent magnet 3 and producing supplementary load loss; Rotor core 2 is integrally welded with rotating shaft 13, rotating shaft 13 is supported and is installed in left end cap 20, the right end cap 14 by right sliding bearing 16 and left sliding bearing 19, in the left and right bearing outside compressor first order impeller 18 and compressor second level impeller 17 are housed respectively, motor rotor and compressor shaft are become one.
Fig. 3 is the motor ventilation plan, stator core 7 is divided into two parts, radial passage 8 is left in the centre, the rotor cooling enters air gap 23 and interior air channel 5 cool motors rotors and end winding by compressor malleation process gas through stator's radial air duct 8, gas is extruded by air outlet, cooling air absorption portion stator heat and whole rotor heat, extrude through air outlet again, the ventilating system of this design is by the compressor ventilating system, simple in structure, efficient is high, can better solve the difficult problem of rotor heat radiation, the two ends air-out of middle air intake can make temperature of rotor more even, avoid two ends of rotor larger temperature gradient to occur, prevent that permanent magnet from causing the phenomenon of irreversible loss of excitation because of excess Temperature.
This motor water route design comprises spiral channel 9 and water channel shell 10, on casing 1, directly process spiral channel 9, water channel is two branch roads in parallel, in the middle of support, intake, two bring out water, and this kind water route design has solved the too high problem of the excessive temperature rise of Large-power High-Speed motor stator loss, avoid also simultaneously that the water route is long causes larger temperature gradient, prevent the too high minimizing of temperature rise in the winding and the problem in winding insulation life-span has improved the motor safety cycle of operation greatly.The pressure rating of casing is identical with spiral channel and each air channel.
Claims (9)
1. a compressor is with certainly cooling off the high-speed permanent magnet motor system in the groove, comprise casing (1) and be arranged on casing (1) interior stator and rotor, the two ends of casing (1) are respectively arranged with left end cap (20) and right end cap (14), it is characterized in that: the outer setting at casing (1) has cooling jacket, and the inside of cooling jacket is circumferential spiral channel (9); Described stator comprises stator core (7), stator winding (6) and winding pressing plate, stator winding is arranged in the stator core (7), the centre of stator core (7) is provided with radial passage (8), and radial passage (8) are communicated with the axially interior air channel (5) that is arranged on rotor periphery; Be provided with the air outlet (15) that interior air channel (5) wind is out drawn at left end cap (20) and right end cap (14).
2. a kind of compressor according to claim 1 is with certainly cooling off the high-speed permanent magnet motor system in the groove, it is characterized in that: rotor is comprised of rotor core (2), permanent magnet (3) and carbon fiber sheath (4), rotor core (2) is arranged in the rotating shaft (13), permanent magnet (3) is attached to the outer round surface of rotor core (2), and carbon fiber sheath (4) wraps in permanent magnet (3) periphery; Permanent magnet axially is divided into multistage rotor core (2); permanent magnet is tied with one deck glass fiber outward; glass fiber and high-intensity carbon fiber form protective sleeve jointly; and with the permanent magnet interference fit; rotating shaft is Double shaft-extension; rotating shaft two ends sliding supported condition respectively is equipped with the cantilever impeller of a centrifugal compressor at the two ends of rotating shaft (13).
3. a kind of compressor according to claim 2 is with certainly cooling off the high-speed permanent magnet motor system in the groove, and it is characterized in that: the cantilever impeller of centrifugal compressor becomes one motor reel and compressor shaft, and the cantilever impeller is installed in the sliding bearing outside.
4. a kind of compressor according to claim 2 is with certainly cooling off the high-speed permanent magnet motor system in the groove, it is characterized in that: permanent magnet and carbon fiber sheath are realized the interference assembling under cooled with liquid nitrogen, and permanent magnet advances conduct to magnetizing with the assembling of carbon fiber sheath after machine work.
5. a kind of compressor according to claim 1 is with certainly cooling off the high-speed permanent magnet motor system in the groove, it is characterized in that: the stator slot that is used for arranging winding on the stator is rectangular channel, winding divides upper and lower two-layer, adopt fractional-slot short distance winding, interior air channel is left on the notch top of stator slot, winding embeds in the stator slot, and stator core is overrided to form by ultra-thin low-loss cold rolling non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
6. a kind of compressor according to claim 1 is with certainly cooling off the high-speed permanent magnet motor system in the groove, and it is characterized in that: motor is driven by high-pressure frequency-conversion.
7. a kind of compressor according to claim 1 is characterized in that with certainly cooling off the high-speed permanent magnet motor system in the groove: circumferentially spiral channel (9) two-way is in parallel, is water inlet in the middle of the stator, and the water channel two ends are delivery port.
8. a kind of compressor according to claim 1 is with certainly cooling off the high-speed permanent magnet motor system in the groove, and it is characterized in that: the two ends of stator are provided with the winding pressing plate.
9. a kind of compressor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: be provided with conductive powder in the carbon fiber sheath with certainly cooling off the high-speed permanent magnet motor system in the groove.
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| CN2012104933403A CN102983679A (en) | 2012-11-28 | 2012-11-28 | In-slot self-cooling high-speed permanent magnetic motor system for compressor |
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| CN2012104933403A CN102983679A (en) | 2012-11-28 | 2012-11-28 | In-slot self-cooling high-speed permanent magnetic motor system for compressor |
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| CN104810949A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-29 | 上海优耐特斯压缩机有限公司 | Motor cooling structure of centrifugal compressor or air blower for high-speed motor |
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| CN103326512A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-09-25 | 西安交通大学 | Centrifugal air compressor cooling structure driven by ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor |
| CN105048662A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2015-11-11 | 西门子公司 | Cooling of an electric machine |
| CN104167841A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-11-26 | 冯军 | Electric generator |
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