CN103501104B - A kind of superconducting motor - Google Patents
A kind of superconducting motor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103501104B CN103501104B CN201310497250.6A CN201310497250A CN103501104B CN 103501104 B CN103501104 B CN 103501104B CN 201310497250 A CN201310497250 A CN 201310497250A CN 103501104 B CN103501104 B CN 103501104B
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- superconducting
- room temperature
- coolant
- stator
- magnet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
- H02K55/02—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type
- H02K55/04—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type with rotating field windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
- H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
- H02K7/1838—Generators mounted in a nacelle or similar structure of a horizontal axis wind turbine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Abstract
nullThe invention discloses a kind of superconducting motor，By stator、Rotor and low-temperature cooling system composition，Described stator is by support、Stator back iron and stator winding composition，Described rotor includes rotating shaft and the room temperature sealing drum being located in rotating shaft and rotor windings，Room temperature sealing drum end is provided with Seal end plate，Room temperature sealing drum and Seal end plate form vacuum interlayer，It is provided with magnet skeleton in vacuum interlayer and is fixed on the superconducting magnet on magnet skeleton and superconducting magnet coil，Multiple superconducting magnet coils are connected by current feed，Exciting current is provided by set of excitation device，Compared with existing superconducting motor, there is high pulling torque、Low drain heat、Power density high，It is suitable for use as REgulatable reactor in parallel、Series adjustable reactor，It is also suitable for Electric Drive Large Copacity high-temperature superconductive electromotor and direct-drive wind power generation Large Copacity high-temperature superconducting generator etc. to require the occasion of high pulling torque is used.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to superconducting motor field, it is specifically related to a kind of Large Copacity high-temperature superconducting motor, is particularly suitable for making high-power, the slow-speed of revolution, compact conformation, the Electric Drive Large Copacity high-temperature superconductive electromotor of the requirement such as power density is high, operating cost is low and high-temperature superconductor direct wind-driven generator.
Background technology
Superconducting motor is the technology developed since the sixties, use superconductor can significantly improve the air gap flux density of motor in motor, and then the volume and weight of reduction motor, simultaneously because superconducting wire does not exist loss, efficiency and the stability thereof of system can be improved.
Prior art has multiple superconducting motor structure, but the structure of most of associated motor is axial series arrangement.I.e. magnet and fixed structure (low temperature part) thereof uses series winding form with heat insulation support structure and rotating shaft.
Using conventional cylindrical torque tubes in this structure, in this form heat-insulation support device, its material stress is interlayer shear, is unfavorable for the advantage played in terms of the tension and compression of material, limits the raising of power.
In series arrangement, due to the shortening of low temperature part, needing structurally to compensate it, generally use and slide and elastic two kinds of collocation structure forms, for large scale structure, it compensates difficulty accordingly increases.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, start with from electric machine structure form, optimize electric machine structure form, it is provided that a kind of can meet high-power, the slow-speed of revolution of real work demand, compact conformation, superconducting motor structure that power density is high.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of superconducting motor, by stator, rotor and low-temperature cooling system composition, described stator is by support, stator back iron and stator winding composition, described rotor includes rotating shaft and the room temperature sealing drum being located in rotating shaft and rotor windings, room temperature sealing drum end is provided with Seal end plate, room temperature sealing drum and Seal end plate form vacuum interlayer, it is provided with magnet skeleton in vacuum interlayer and is fixed on the superconducting magnet on magnet skeleton and superconducting magnet coil, multiple superconducting magnet coils are connected by current feed, exciting current is provided by set of excitation device.
Described a kind of superconducting motor, the excitation mode of its excitation unit uses brush or brushless excitation mode, described stator winding is Robel line or the Litz line structure of monolayer/bilayer, stator uses regular alternating current motor stator or the air gap armature having iron teeth, and the type of cooling of stator is water cooling or air cooling.
Described a kind of superconducting motor, coolant input pipe and coolant outlet tube it has been simultaneously connected with on its magnet skeleton, the other end of coolant input pipe and coolant outlet tube is connected with cryogenic refrigerating system, it is connected between low-temperature cooling system with coolant input pipe, coolant outlet tube and has rotary sealing appts, coolant provides low temperature coolant by coolant input pipe, by coolant outlet tube output higher temperature coolant to cryogenic refrigerating system, forming closed cycle by the input of coolant input pipe the most again, coolant uses cryopump to provide power in outside.
Described a kind of superconducting motor, its magnet skeleton bottom is provided with low temperature and supports connecting portion, and room temperature sealing drum outer rim is provided with the radially connected button of room temperature, and connecting between the radially connected button of room temperature and low temperature support connecting portion has heat insulation support bar radially.
Described a kind of superconducting motor, its room temperature sealing drum and magnet skeleton are also respectively provided with the axial junction button of room temperature and the axial junction button of low temperature, and connecting between the axial junction button of room temperature and the axial junction button of low temperature has axial heat insulation support bar.
Described a kind of superconducting motor, its magnet skeleton offers transmission hole, and superconducting magnet is internally provided with coolant transfer tube.
Described a kind of superconducting motor, its rotary sealing appts includes refrigerant return pipe and, the cryotronl of entrance motor internal concentric with refrigerant return pipe, is provided with vacuum interlayer between refrigerant return pipe and cryotronl, and refrigerant return pipe is externally provided with tubular vacuum layer.
Described a kind of superconducting motor, its heat insulation support bar includes the elongated body of rod and is located at the spherical connector at body of rod two ends, and described junction button is provided with and holds die cavity and the type groove adaptive with the body of rod that union joint is inserted, and is provided with spring below described die cavity.
Described a kind of superconducting motor, its rotor windings is fixed on winding support, uses immersion type or conduction-type cooling, and superconducting magnet coil uses racetrack-type rotor coil or saddle type coil, and rotor periphery is provided with electro-magnetic screen layer.
Described a kind of superconducting motor, its roller end is provided with reel, and described magnet skeleton top ends is provided with multilamellar aluminium plating terylene film wrapping layer.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: compared with existing superconducting motor, there is high pulling torque, low drain heat, power density high, it is suitable for use as in parallel REgulatable reactor, series adjustable reactor, is also suitable for Electric Drive Large Copacity high-temperature superconductive electromotor and direct-drive wind power generation Large Copacity high-temperature superconducting generator etc. and requires the occasion of high pulling torque is used.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is general assembly drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the installation diagram of stator of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the axonometric drawing that rotor of the present invention removes electro-magnetic screen layer and Seal end plate；
Fig. 4 is the axial view that rotor of the present invention removes electro-magnetic screen layer and Seal end plate；
Fig. 5 is the radial view that rotor of the present invention removes electro-magnetic screen layer and Seal end plate；
Fig. 6 is the axial sectional view of rotor of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the sectional view in B-B direction in Fig. 6；
Fig. 8 is the sectional view in C-C direction in Fig. 6；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram in D direction in Fig. 6；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of rotary sealing appts of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the structural representation of heat insulation support bar of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the sectional view of room temperature coupling part of the present invention；
Figure 13 is the exploded view of room temperature coupling part of the present invention.
nullEach token name is referred to as: 100-stator，101-support，102-stator back iron，103-stator winding，200-rotor，201-rotating shaft，202-room temperature sealing drum，203-vacuum interlayer，204-Seal end plate，205-magnet skeleton，206-aluminium plating terylene film wrapping layer，207-low temperature supports connecting portion，208-coolant transfer tube，209-reel，The axial junction button of 211-room temperature，The axial junction button of 212-low temperature，213-electro-magnetic screen layer，214-coolant input pipe，215-coolant outlet tube，220-superconducting magnet，221-superconducting magnet coil，222-current feed，230-heat insulation support bar，231-union joint，The 232-body of rod，The radially connected button of 240-room temperature，242-spring，300-low-temperature cooling system，311-vacuum layer，312-refrigerant return pipe，313-vacuum interlayer，314-cryotronl.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, the invention discloses a kind of superconducting motor, it is made up of stator 100, rotor 200 and low-temperature cooling system 300.
As shown in Figure 2, described stator 100 is made up of support 101, stator back iron 102 and stator winding 103, this motor uses air gap armature structure, decrease the existence of iron teeth, use non-magnetic composite or rustless steel etc. as supporting, stator winding 103 uses Single-layer Windings, and wire rod uses Litz line, uses water-cooling structure to come stator and cools down.
nullAs shown in Figures 3 to 8，Described rotor 200 includes rotating shaft 201 and the room temperature sealing drum 202 being located in rotating shaft 201 and rotor windings，Room temperature sealing drum 202 end is provided with Seal end plate 204，Room temperature sealing drum 202 and Seal end plate 204 form vacuum interlayer 203，Magnet skeleton 205 and the superconducting magnet 220 being fixed on magnet skeleton 205 and superconducting magnet coil 221 it is provided with in vacuum interlayer 203，All superconducting magnets 220 use series winding form，Multiple superconducting magnet coils 221 are connected by current feed 222，Exciting current is provided by set of excitation device，This excitation mode uses brush or brushless excitation mode，Magnetic winding can use 1G superconducting line Bi2223 or secondary superconducting line YBCO or MgPb2，Its operating temperature is less than the superconducting temperature of respective material，Can be between 20K and 40K，To ensure having higher superconduction current capacity，Coolant is used by conduction pattern, superconducting magnet 220 to be cooled down in this programme，In addition liquid can also be used to soak or superconducting magnet 220 is cooled down by gaseous exchange heat exchange，As used cold helium or liquid neon to conduct、Soak，Coolant input pipe 214 and coolant outlet tube 215 it has been simultaneously connected with on described magnet skeleton 205，The other end of coolant input pipe 214 and coolant outlet tube 215 is connected with cryogenic refrigerating system 300，It is in the low-temperature cooling system 300 of static state and the coolant input pipe 214 being in rotation、Connect between coolant outlet tube 215 and have the rotary sealing appts of concentric tube configuration form，Coolant provides low temperature coolant by coolant input pipe 214，Higher temperature coolant is exported to cryogenic refrigerating system 300 by coolant outlet tube 215，Closed cycle is formed the most again by coolant input pipe 214 input，Coolant uses cryopump to provide power in outside.
Magnet skeleton 205 bottom is provided with low temperature and supports connecting portion 207, room temperature sealing drum 202 outer rim is provided with the radially connected button of room temperature 240, the radially connected button of room temperature 240 and low temperature support to connect between connecting portion 207 heat insulation support bar 230 radially, radial support structure ensures the axiality of cryogenic magnet 220 and rotating shaft 201 when static, operationally, the moment of torsion produced by this support bar transmission winding, the axial junction button of room temperature 211 and the axial junction button of low temperature 212 it is also respectively provided with on described room temperature sealing drum 202 and magnet skeleton 205, connect between the axial junction button of room temperature 211 and the axial junction button of low temperature 212 and have axial heat insulation support bar 230, this axial support bar keeps the axial location of rotor 200 low temperature part and room temperature partial response.
Further, it is also possible on magnet skeleton 205, offer some transmission holes, coolant transfer tube 208 is set inside superconducting magnet 220 and realizes the cooling to magnet skeleton 205.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of rotary sealing appts of the present invention (coolant transmission coupling unit), including the higher refrigerant return pipe of temperature 312 and, the cryotronl 314 of entrance motor internal concentric with refrigerant return pipe 312, vacuum interlayer 313 it is provided with between refrigerant return pipe 312 and cryotronl 314, in order to avoid the heat exchange of low temperature coolant and high temperature refrigerant, refrigerant return pipe 312 is externally provided with tubular vacuum layer 311, it is to avoid coolant and extraneous heat exchange.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of heat insulation support bar 230, described heat insulation support bar 230 includes the elongated body of rod 232 and is located at the spherical connector 231 at the body of rod 232 two ends, also union joint 231 can be made other shapes, take other type of attachment, the material of heat insulation support bar 230 uses the fiberglass that glass fibre or carbon fiber are made, to reduce conductive heat leakage.
As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, described junction button is provided with and holds the die cavity inserted of union joint 231 and the type groove with the body of rod 232 adaptation, die cavity internal diameter is more than the external diameter of spherical connector 231, type groove connects with die cavity, spring 242 it is provided with below described die cavity, to reduce heat insulation support bar 230 pressure experienced, junction button is provided with the bolt being screwed in above die cavity, can be regulated the installation length of heat insulation support bar 230 by turn bolt.
nullThe concentric of magnet 220 and rotating shaft 201 is ensured by the length of regulation heat insulation support bar 230 radially and position when resting state，The concordance of rotating shaft 201 and the axial location of magnet 220 is ensured by the length regulating axial heat insulation support bar 230，The moment of torsion that time operationally, superconducting magnet 220 produces，It is delivered on magnet skeleton 205，Magnet skeleton 205 is delivered in rotating shaft 201 by heat insulation support bar 230 radially，Moment of torsion is outwards transmitted by reel 209，When torque transmitting，With direction of rotation axial heat insulation support bar 230 under tension in the same direction，Fiberglass speciality in terms of tension can be played，The axial heat insulation support bar 230 contrary with direction of rotation is under pressure，Employing spring 242 structure can avoid instability during axial heat insulation support bar 230 pressurized.
Superconducting magnet is when being reduced to about 30K from room temperature 300K, and low-temperature components produces certain contraction, and its radial contraction can be compensated by spring 242；During its axial shrinkage, heat insulation support bar 230 radially has certain elongation, and in the structure shown here, the amount of contraction of low-temperature components is much larger than the elongation of support bar, and therefore, axial shrinkage can not considered.
Described rotor windings is fixed on winding support, use immersion type or conduction-type cooling, superconducting magnet coil 221 uses racetrack-type rotor coil or saddle type coil, rotor 200 outer rim is provided with electro-magnetic screen layer 213, for shielding the higher hamonic wave that stator 100 side produces, form a part for Dewar vessel simultaneously, room temperature sealing drum 202, Seal end plate 204, electro-magnetic screen layer 213 composition seals container, in order to maintain the vacuum in vacuum interlayer 203, to reduce gas molecule leakage heat, this vacuum may be designed as dynamic vacuum or permanent vacuum.
Described rotating shaft 201 end is provided with reel 209, outside low-temperature components including the internal coolant transfer tube 208 of superconducting magnet 220, magnet skeleton 205 and magnet, wrapping has multilamellar aluminium plating terylene film to wrap up layer 206, multilamellar aluminium plating terylene film can reduce its radiation leakage heat, composite that heat insulation employing vacuum between low temperature and room temperature part, thermal shield or wrapping multilamellar aluminium plating terylene film, thermal conductivity are relatively low or metal etc..
Embodiment 2
Unlike the embodiments above, this motor stator 100 uses common alternating-current motor stator, uses iron teeth material.
Embodiment 3
Unlike the embodiments above, stator 100 uses air-cooled structure, and stator uses the Robel coil of monolayer, double-deck Robel coil or the Litz coil of bilayer.
Embodiment 4
Unlike the embodiments above: multilamellar aluminium plating terylene film is not wrapped up in rotor low temperature part (superconducting magnet etc.) outside, between low temperature and room temperature, use the protective shield of radiation that the more bright metals such as rustless steel do.
Above-described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
- null1. a superconducting motor，By stator (100)、Rotor (200) and low-temperature cooling system (300) composition，Described stator (100) is by support (101)、Stator back iron (102) and stator winding (103) composition，It is characterized in that: described rotor (200) includes rotating shaft (201) and the room temperature sealing drum (202) being located in rotating shaft (201) and rotor windings，Room temperature sealing drum (202) end is provided with Seal end plate (204)，Room temperature sealing drum (202) and Seal end plate (204) form vacuum interlayer (203)，Magnet skeleton (205) and the superconducting magnet (220) being fixed on magnet skeleton (205) and superconducting magnet coil (221) it is provided with in vacuum interlayer (203)，Multiple superconducting magnet coils (221) are connected by current feed (222)，Exciting current is provided by set of excitation device；The excitation mode of described excitation unit uses brush or brushless excitation mode, the described Robel line that stator winding (103) is monolayer/bilayer or Litz line structure, stator (100) uses regular alternating current motor stator or the air gap armature having iron teeth, and the type of cooling of stator (100) is water cooling or air cooling；Offering transmission hole on described magnet skeleton (205), superconducting magnet (220) is internally provided with coolant transfer tube (208)；Coolant input pipe (214) and coolant outlet tube (215) it has been simultaneously connected with on described magnet skeleton (205), the other end of coolant input pipe (214) and coolant outlet tube (215) is connected with cryogenic refrigerating system (300), and being connected between low-temperature cooling system (300) with coolant input pipe (214), coolant outlet tube (215) has rotary sealing appts；Described rotary sealing appts includes refrigerant return pipe (312) and, the cryotronl (314) of entrance motor internal concentric with refrigerant return pipe (312), being provided with vacuum interlayer (313) between refrigerant return pipe (312) and cryotronl (314), refrigerant return pipe (312) is externally provided with tubular vacuum layer (311).
- A kind of superconducting motor the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, coolant provides low temperature coolant by coolant input pipe (214), by coolant outlet tube (215) output higher temperature coolant to cryogenic refrigerating system (300), forming closed cycle by coolant input pipe (214) input the most again, coolant uses cryopump to provide power in outside.
- A kind of superconducting motor the most according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described magnet skeleton (205) bottom is provided with low temperature and supports connecting portion (207), room temperature sealing drum (202) outer rim is provided with the radially connected button of room temperature (240), and connecting between the radially connected button of room temperature (240) and low temperature support connecting portion (207) has heat insulation support bar (230) radially.
- A kind of superconducting motor the most according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, being also respectively provided with the axial junction button of room temperature (211) and the axial junction button of low temperature (212) on described room temperature sealing drum (202) and magnet skeleton (205), connecting between the axial junction button of room temperature (211) and the axial junction button of low temperature (212) has axial heat insulation support bar (230).
- A kind of superconducting motor the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described heat insulation support bar (230) includes the elongated body of rod (232) and is located at the spherical connector (231) at the body of rod (232) two ends；The axial junction button of described low temperature (212) is provided with and holds die cavity and the type groove adaptive with the body of rod (232) that union joint (231) is inserted, and is provided with spring (242) below described die cavity.
- A kind of superconducting motor the most according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described rotor windings is fixed on winding support, use immersion type or conduction-type cooling, superconducting magnet coil (221) uses racetrack-type rotor coil or saddle type coil, and rotor (200) outer rim is provided with electro-magnetic screen layer (213).
- A kind of superconducting motor the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described rotating shaft (201) end is provided with reel (209), and described magnet skeleton (205) top ends is provided with multilamellar aluminium plating terylene film wrapping layer (206).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310497250.6A CN103501104B (en) | 2013-10-22 | 2013-10-22 | A kind of superconducting motor |
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| CN201310497250.6A CN103501104B (en) | 2013-10-22 | 2013-10-22 | A kind of superconducting motor |
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| CN103501104A CN103501104A (en) | 2014-01-08 |
| CN103501104B true CN103501104B (en) | 2016-11-23 |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104052243A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Commutatorless high-temperature superconductivity direct current motor structure |
| ES2909768T3 (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2022-05-10 | Victoria Link Ltd | superconducting current pump |
| DK178999B1 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-07-31 | Envision Energy Denmark Aps | Synchronous superconductive rotary machine having a consecutive pole arrangement |
| ES2962631T3 (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2024-03-20 | Envision Energy Denmark Aps | Wind turbine with a superconducting generator that has an improved thermally insulated structure |
| ES2656821B1 (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-12-04 | Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy Innovation & Technology, S.L. | Synchronous generator for wind turbines |
| JP7267421B2 (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2023-05-01 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | A superconducting generator driven by a wind turbine |
| CN109713876B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-04-28 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） | Large-capacity high-temperature superconducting motor |
| CN109728708B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-08-07 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） | High-temperature superconducting motor |
| CN110429796B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-12-08 | 北京机械设备研究所 | High-temperature superconducting motor and low-temperature maintaining container thereof |
| CN115291148B (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-20 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Large superconducting magnet low-temperature test supporting device |
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