CN103730045B - Probe into the comprehensive demonstration instrument that gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure affect boiling point of liquid - Google Patents
Probe into the comprehensive demonstration instrument that gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure affect boiling point of liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN103730045B CN103730045B CN201410023494.5A CN201410023494A CN103730045B CN 103730045 B CN103730045 B CN 103730045B CN 201410023494 A CN201410023494 A CN 201410023494A CN 103730045 B CN103730045 B CN 103730045B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the comprehensive demonstration instrument probed into gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure and boiling point of liquid is affected, comprise operator's console, be located at the vacuum pump in operator's console, baro-vacuum gauge, DC high-voltage power supply, parallel-plate power supply, solenoid power supply and electrothermal wire power, be located at two vacuum tanks above operator's console, it is characterized in that: be provided with in described vacuum tank and probe into air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system, in another described vacuum tank, be provided with gas discharge vacuum system.The present invention can be complete the different electric discharge phenomena such as displaying spark discharge, glow discharge, corona discharge, arc discharge, and can the factor such as control voltage, air pressure, electric current, die opening, gas with various, observe the relation between each factor when affecting gas discharge; By extra electric field and magnetic field, the deflection of demonstration charged particle; The relation between air pressure and different liquids boiling point can also be demonstrated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to physics teaching experiment equipment, be specifically related to a kind of comprehensive demonstration instrument probed into gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure and boiling point of liquid is affected.
Background technology
Atom (or molecule) in gas is collision mutually under highfield (or magnetic field) effect, makes bound electron depart from gas atom and become free electron, at this moment has electric current, by gas, electric discharge phenomena occur.Middle school physics, is designed with the lecture experiment utilizing gas-discharge tube to carry out low density gas electric discharge in senior middle school's textbook, and in the introduction of Lorentz force, refer to the motion of charged particle in magnetic field.Gas discharge has very important effect in middle school and college physical experiment teaching, needs can be complete the instrument of the different electric discharge phenomena such as displaying spark discharge, glow discharge, corona discharge, arc discharge, by factors such as control voltage, air pressure, electric current, die opening, gas with various, probe into the impact of each factor on gas discharge.A kind of demo platform probing into gas discharge phenomenon disclosed in CN103247204A, comprise operator's console, vacuum pump, vacuum meter, vacuum bell jar, digital electronic ammeter, digital voltmeter, high-voltage power supply and spheric electrode, vacuum bell jar is sealed in the upper of operator's console, and vacuum pump is connected with in vacuum bell jar by pipeline; Vacuum meter is connected with vacuum bell jar by pipeline; In vacuum (-tight) housing, be provided with two spheric electrodes, be connected respectively with the both positive and negative polarity of high-voltage power supply, digital electronic ammeter is connected between spheric electrode and high-voltage power supply, and digital voltmeter is connected in parallel between high-voltage power supply the two poles of the earth.This demo platform can be complete the different electric discharge phenomena such as displaying spark discharge, glow discharge, corona discharge, arc discharge, and can the factors such as control voltage, air pressure, electric current, die opening, gas with various be passed through, probe into the impact of each factor on gas discharge.But it is comparatively single to probe into content, does not relate to probing into and demonstrating of the factors such as die opening, electric current, gas with various.When demonstrating the gas discharge phenomenon under different field intensity or magnetic field, also lacking variable and probing into.
For barometric pressure effect boiling point, middle school period has been mentioned to the qualitative effect of air pressure to water boiling point.For the ease of entering the demonstration of the relation of boiling point of liquid and pressure in classroom, the relevant personnel devise apparatus for demonstrating, enable student intuitively air pressure on the impact of boiling point of liquid.Disclosed in CN201955970U " a kind of boiling point of liquid and pressure relation demonstration device ", comprise iron stand, well heater, glass flask, rubber plug, thermometer and snorkel; Glass flask contain fluid is also placed on iron stand, and well heater is positioned to glass flask heating below glass flask, and rubber stopper seal is in glass flask mouth, and thermometer stretches in the liquid in glass flask through rubber plug; Snorkel stretches on the liquid level in glass flask through rubber plug.But it is comparatively single to probe into content, can not carries out determining quantifier elimination to different liquids boiling point and its surface pressure, cause the principle of its profound level of student's indigestion.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of comprehensive demonstration instrument probed into gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure and boiling point of liquid is affected, its can be complete the different electric discharge phenomena such as displaying spark discharge, glow discharge, corona discharge, arc discharge, and can the factor such as control voltage, air pressure, electric current, die opening, gas with various, observe the relation between each factor when affecting gas discharge; By extra electric field and magnetic field, the deflection of demonstration charged particle; Can also effectively observe, relation between quantitative examination air pressure and different liquids boiling point.
The described comprehensive demonstration instrument probed into gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure and boiling point of liquid is affected, comprise operator's console, be located at the vacuum pump in operator's console, baro-vacuum gauge, DC high-voltage power supply, parallel-plate power supply, solenoid power supply and electrothermal wire power, be located at two vacuum tanks above operator's console, it is characterized in that: be provided with in described vacuum tank and probe into air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system, in another described vacuum tank, be provided with gas discharge vacuum system; Described DC high-voltage power supply is located in the DC high-voltage source region in operator's console.
Describedly probe into air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system comprises heating container, is located at the heating wire bottom heating container, the heat sensitive sensor be located on heating container inwall, tip upside down on condenser outside heating container, freeing port is provided with in the bottom of condenser, water filling port and air hole is provided with on the top of condenser, described air hole is through condenser inner wall and condenser outer walls, the inside of condenser is communicated with outside, thus makes air pressure above heating container internal liquid equal to probe into the air pressure in air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system; Described heating wire is connected with the electrothermal wire power be located in operator's console;
Described gas discharge vacuum system comprises two horizontally disposed spheric electrodes, a spheric electrode is fixed on above operator's console by copper rod, another spheric electrode is fixed on a slide block by copper rod, this slide block coordinates with the chute be located at above operator's console, and this slide block can slide and change die opening in chute; Two spheric electrodes are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the DC high-voltage power supply be located in operator's console respectively; Also comprise the parallel electrode plate that two pieces are located at two upper and lower both sides of spheric electrode respectively, one piece of parallel electrode plate is below supported by the metal support be connected on operator's console, one piece of parallel electrode plate is above supported by the insulating support be connected on operator's console, below superincumbent one piece of parallel electrode plate with piece parallel electrode plate of below be above respectively equipped with the identical solenoid of a structure, two solenoidal mouths of pipe are relatively and preserve certain distance; Two pieces of parallel electrode plates are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the parallel-plate power supply be located in operator's console respectively, and two solenoids are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the solenoid power supply be located in operator's console respectively.
The described comprehensive demonstration instrument probed into gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure and affect boiling point of liquid, the leading flank of described operator's console is provided with solenoid power switch, parallel electrode plate power switch, digital display thermometer switch, vacuum pump switch, DC high-voltage source switch, total power switch, DC high-voltage power supply adjusting knob, digital voltmeter, fuel level gauge, vacuum meter, valve, digital display thermometer, parallel electrode plate power adjustment knob and solenoid power adjustment knob; Described digital voltmeter is connected in parallel between described two spheric electrodes; Described vacuum meter by rubber tube respectively with probe into air pressure and be connected with boiling temperature relationship vacuum system and gas discharge vacuum system, for measuring the vacuum tightness in this two vacuum system; Described valve is for controlling three-way pipeline push/pull state, and described digital display thermometer is electrically connected with described heat sensitive sensor;
The trailing flank of described operator's console is provided with power supply slot, water source interface, two air intake openings, electric fan and water delivering orifices, described water source interface to be connected with the water filling port of described condenser by flexible pipe and to communicate, and described water delivering orifice to be connected with the freeing port of described condenser by flexible pipe and to communicate; Described two air intake openings are connected with described vacuum pump respectively by conduit;
Vacuum pump venthole, vacuum pump lubrication hole and two vacuum pump aspirating holes are also provided with on described operator's console, a vacuum pump aspirating hole is located to be probed in air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system, and another vacuum pump aspirating hole is located in described gas discharge vacuum system; Described two vacuum pump aspirating holes by flexible pipe with establish the vacuum pump in operator's console to be connected to communicate, described vacuum pump by three-way pipeline respectively with probe into air pressure and be connected with the vacuum pump aspirating hole 21 in boiling temperature relationship vacuum system and gas discharge vacuum system, selected the vacuum system of vacuum pump effect by the valve controlled in three-way pipeline.
Further, described two vacuum tanks are transparent glass container, and all sealing is fixed on above operator's console, is lined with rubber sealing ring under vacuum container cover.
Further, described parallel-plate power supply and solenoid power supply are DC low voltage power supply.
In gas discharge system, two spheric electrodes are provided with in vacuum tank, be connected with the both positive and negative polarity of high-voltage power supply respectively by the electrode interface be located in vacuum system, described digital electronic ammeter is connected between spheric electrode and high-voltage power supply, and described digital voltmeter is connected in parallel between the both positive and negative polarity of high-voltage power supply; Described parallel electrode plate is placed on the upper and lower both sides of metal electrode, and two-plate is connected with low-tension supply the two poles of the earth respectively, and bottom crown is supported by metal support, is surrounded by insulation course outward, and top crown is supported by insulating support.Described solenoid is identical two of shape, is separately fixed on bottom crown, and the mouth of pipe relatively and leave certain distance.
In the system of probing into air pressure and boiling temperature relationship, heating container is at innermost layer, and container internal fixtion has heating wire, and stretches out electrothermal wire power's line by operator's console inside; Described heat sensitive sensor is attached in heating container, and signal is reached digital display thermometer; Described condenser is similar to the double layer glass cup of back-off, and condenser top is also provided with air hole, is communicated with condenser inside and outside, equals aspiration pump to bleed pressure to make air pressure above heating container internal liquid.
Condenser is stuck in the annular groove edge of operator's console upper surface, and this annular groove is a bit larger tham the thickness of condenser wall, and is provided with condensate water water filling port in condenser outer walls, is connected with water source interface on rear side of operator's console by flexible pipe.
Branch pipe tee connection and two system junctions are provided with valve, and be in pushing when valve is pressed, vacuum pump acts on air pressure and boiling temperature relationship probes into system, are in and draw position, act on gas discharge system when valve is upspring.
A vacuum system gas valve is respectively established at the rear side of operator's console, this valve by conduit respectively with gas discharge system and probe into air pressure and be connected with boiling temperature relationship system, vacuum system can be made to communicate with the external world by valve, balance inner and outer air pressure, to open vacuum system.
Before experiment, guarantee that gas valve is tightened, prevent gas leakage, check the voltage-regulation knob of high-voltage power supply and low-tension supply, guarantee that voltage is zero; Check vacuum pump oil mass, if deficiency, add pump oil from lubrication hole.
When carrying out gas discharge experiment, regulate die opening by slip die opening chute, after fixing, measure die opening and record.Cover tightly the lid of vacuum tank, switch on power, be in by valve in branch pipe tee connection and draw position, open vacuum pump switch, vacuum pump is started working, air in vacuum system is extracted out by vacuum pump, air pressure in vacuum system is reduced, and its internal vacuum will show on vacuum meter, be closed by vacuum pump switch when vacuum tightness reaches certain value, now vacuum system inside will become sealing system, and vacuum tightness remains unchanged.Now, open switch and high-voltage power supply is opened, regulate the voltage between spheric electrode by voltage-regulation button, instantaneous voltage is read by digital voltmeter.Increasing voltage or changing in the process of air pressure, can be observed spark discharge, corona discharge, glow discharge, arc discharge, the electric current and voltage value of record voltage breakdown and various electric discharge phenomena, and fixation phenomenon analyzes data, draws experiment conclusion.If desired probe into the impact of magnetic field on gas discharge phenomenon, solenoid power switch can be opened, regulate size of current in solenoid by solenoid power adjustment knob, thus change magnetic field size, gas discharge phenomenon under observation different magnetic field.If desired probe into the impact of electric field on gas discharge phenomenon, parallel-plate power switch can be opened, regulate parallel-plate voltage swing by parallel-plate power adjustment knob, thus change electric field level, observe not gas discharge phenomenon under same electric field.
When carrying out air pressure and boiling temperature relationship Experimental Research, in heating container, inject testing liquid, buckle condenser along groove, connect entery and delivery port with flexible pipe respectively, cover tightly the lid of vacuum tank.Open total water source interface, condensate water can be allowed to flow into from the top of condenser, discharge from the bottom of condenser.Switch on power, valve in branch pipe tee connection is in pushing, open vacuum pump switch, vacuum pump is started working, and air in vacuum system is extracted out by vacuum pump, and the air pressure in vacuum system is reduced, its internal vacuum will show on vacuum meter, closed by vacuum pump switch when vacuum tightness reaches certain value, now vacuum system inside will become sealing system, and vacuum tightness remains unchanged.Open digital display thermometer switch, electrothermal wire power is connected simultaneously, heating testing liquid, observe digital display thermometer registration and increase, when the testing liquid in heating container seethes with excitement, observe thermometer registration and remain unchanged.Then, stop heating liquid, and stop after boiling until liquid, the air intake opening slowly on rear side of opening operation platform, changes the air pressure in vacuum system, records the boiling point of liquid under different air pressure, analyzes data, obtain the quantitative relationship of boiling point of liquid and air pressure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: easy and simple to handle, convenient demonstration, can completely shows the different electric discharge phenomena such as spark discharge, glow discharge, corona discharge, arc discharge, and can the factor such as control voltage, air pressure, electric current, die opening, gas with various, observe the relation between each factor when affecting gas discharge; By extra electric field and magnetic field, the deflection of demonstration charged particle; The relation between air pressure and boiling point of liquid can also be demonstrated.This demo platform is conducive to extensively popularizing in middle school, university's experiment, is also beneficial to exploitation and shows in science popularization place.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is axonometric drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the rear view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is control panel structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is structure lines block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of three-way pipeline in the present invention.
In figure: 1-operator's console, 2-heating container, 3-condenser inner wall, 4-condenser outer walls, 5-air hole, 6-vacuum tank, 7-spheric electrode, 8-parallel electrode plate, 9-solenoid, 10-metal support, 11-vacuum pump venthole, 12-vacuum pump lubrication hole, 13-freeing port, 14-heating wire, 15-heat sensitive sensor, 16-water filling port, 17-insulating support, 18-DC high-voltage source region, 19-chute, , 21-vacuum pump aspirating hole, 22-vacuum pump, 23-power supply slot, 24-water source interface, 25-air intake opening, 26-electric fan, 27-solenoid power switch, 28-parallel electrode plate power switch, 29-digital display thermometer switch, 30-vacuum pump switch, 31-DC high-voltage source switch, 32-total power switch, 33-DC high-voltage power supply adjusting knob, 34-digital voltmeter, 35-fuel level gauge, 36-baro-vacuum gauge, 37-valve, 38-digital display thermometer, 39-parallel electrode plate power adjustment knob, 40-solenoid power adjustment knob, 41-probes into air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system, 42-gas discharge vacuum system, 43-DC high-voltage power supply, 44-parallel-plate power supply, 45-solenoid power supply, 46-water delivering orifice, 47-electrothermal wire power.
Embodiment
In order to explain technical scheme of the present invention further, below by coming by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be described in detail.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the described comprehensive demonstration instrument probed into gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure and boiling point of liquid is affected, comprise operator's console 1, be located at the vacuum pump 22 in operator's console, baro-vacuum gauge 36, DC high-voltage power supply 43, parallel-plate power supply 44, solenoid power supply 45 and electrothermal wire power 47, be located at two vacuum tanks 6 above operator's console, its outstanding essential characteristics is: be provided with in described vacuum tank 6 and probe into air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system 41, gas discharge vacuum system 42 is provided with in another described vacuum tank 6, described DC high-voltage power supply is located in the DC high-voltage source region 18 in operator's console.
Describedly probe into air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system 41 comprises heating container 2, is located at the heating wire 14 bottom heating container, the heat sensitive sensor 15 be located on heating container inwall, tip upside down on condenser outside heating container, freeing port 13 is provided with in the bottom of condenser, water filling port 16 and air hole 5 is provided with on the top of condenser, described air hole is through condenser inner wall 3 and condenser outer walls 4, the inside of condenser is communicated with outside, thus makes air pressure above heating container internal liquid equal to probe into the air pressure in air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system; Described heating wire 14 is connected with the electrothermal wire power 47 be located in operator's console;
Described gas discharge vacuum system 42 comprises two horizontally disposed spheric electrodes 7, the steel ball of spheric electrode to be diameter be 15.74mm, a spheric electrode is fixed on above operator's console by copper rod, another spheric electrode is fixed on a slide block by copper rod, this slide block coordinates with the chute 19 be located at above operator's console, and this slide block can slide and change die opening in chute; Two spheric electrodes are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the DC high-voltage power supply 43 be located in operator's console respectively;
Also comprise the parallel electrode plate 8 that two pieces are located at two upper and lower both sides of spheric electrode respectively, one piece of parallel electrode plate is below supported by the metal support 10 be connected on operator's console, one piece of parallel electrode plate is above supported by the insulating support 17 be connected on operator's console, below superincumbent one piece of parallel electrode plate with piece parallel electrode plate of below be respectively equipped with above the identical solenoid of a structure 9, two solenoidal mouths of pipe relatively and preserve certain distance; Two pieces of parallel electrode plates are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the parallel-plate power supply 44 be located in operator's console respectively, and two solenoids are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the solenoid power supply 45 be located in operator's console respectively.
The described comprehensive demonstration instrument probed into gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure and affect boiling point of liquid, the leading flank of described operator's console 1 is provided with solenoid power switch 27, parallel electrode plate power switch 28, digital display thermometer switch 29, vacuum pump switch 30, DC high-voltage source switch 31, total power switch 32, DC high-voltage power supply adjusting knob 33, digital voltmeter 34, fuel level gauge 35, vacuum meter 36, valve 37, digital display thermometer 38, parallel electrode plate power adjustment knob 39 and solenoid power adjustment knob 40; Described digital voltmeter 34 is connected in parallel between described two spheric electrodes 7; Described vacuum meter 36 by rubber tube respectively with probe into air pressure and be connected with boiling temperature relationship vacuum system 41 and gas discharge vacuum system 42, for measuring the vacuum tightness in this two vacuum system; Described valve 37 is for controlling three-way pipeline push/pull state, and described digital display thermometer 38 is electrically connected with described heat sensitive sensor 15;
The trailing flank of described operator's console 1 is provided with power supply slot 23, water source interface 24, two air intake openings 25, electric fan 26 and water delivering orifices 46, described water source interface to be connected with the water filling port 16 of described condenser by flexible pipe and to communicate, and described water delivering orifice to be connected with the freeing port 13 of described condenser by flexible pipe and to communicate; Described two air intake openings are connected with described vacuum pump 22 respectively by conduit;
Vacuum pump venthole 11, vacuum pump lubrication hole 12 and two vacuum pump aspirating holes 21 are also provided with on described operator's console 1, a vacuum pump aspirating hole is located to be probed in air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system 41, and another vacuum pump aspirating hole is located in described gas discharge vacuum system 42; Described two vacuum pump aspirating holes 21 to be connected with the vacuum pump 22 established in operator's console 1 by flexible pipe and to communicate, described vacuum pump by three-way pipeline respectively with probe into air pressure and be connected with the vacuum pump aspirating hole 21 in boiling temperature relationship vacuum system and gas discharge vacuum system, selected the vacuum system of vacuum pump effect by the valve 37 controlled in three-way pipeline.
Described two vacuum tanks 6 are transparent glass container, and all sealing is fixed on above operator's console 1, is lined with rubber sealing ring under vacuum container cover.
Described parallel-plate power supply 44 and solenoid power supply 45 are DC low voltage power supply.
Described vacuum pump 22 and high-voltage power supply 43 are arranged in operator's console 1; Described vacuum pump 22 by three-way pipeline with probe into air pressure and be connected with the vacuum pump aspirating hole 21 in boiling temperature relationship vacuum system 41, gas discharge vacuum system 42, the vacuum system selecting vacuum pump 22 to act on by the valve 37 controlled in pipeline; Described vacuum pump aspirating hole 21, for being extracted out by the air in vacuum system, is discharged to platform exterior by vacuum pump venthole 11.
Two spheric electrodes 7 are provided with in gas discharge vacuum system 42, the steel ball of spheric electrode to be diameter be 15.74mm, it is fixed on one end of copper rod, the other end of copper rod is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of high-voltage power supply 43 respectively, one spheric electrode is fixed on operator's console upper surface, another spheric electrode is fixed on the slide block in die opening chute 19, and this slide block can slide and change die opening in chute.Described digital voltmeter 34 is connected in parallel between the both positive and negative polarity of high-voltage power supply 43; Described parallel electrode plate 8 is placed on spheric electrode about 7 both sides, and two-plate is connected with parallel-plate power supply 44 the two poles of the earth respectively, and bottom crown is supported by metal support 10, is surrounded by insulation course outward, and top crown is supported by insulating support 17.Described solenoid 9 is identical two, is separately fixed on bottom crown, and the mouth of pipe relatively and reserve certain distance;
Probing in air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system 41, heating container 2 is at innermost layer, and bottom is fixed with heating wire 14, and stretches out electrothermal wire power's line 47 by operator's console inside; Described heat sensitive sensor 15 is attached in heating container 2 interior wall, and signal is reached digital display thermometer 38; It is outside that described condenser 4 tips upside down on heating container 2, and condenser top is also provided with air hole 5, is communicated with condenser inside and outside, makes air pressure above heating container internal liquid equal the air pressure in vacuum system.
Described vacuum meter 36 measurement of vacuum scope is-0.1Mp-0Mpa, and accuracy class is 1.6 grades, and vacuum meter 36 is connected with two vacuum systems 41,42, for measuring the vacuum tightness in two vacuum systems by rubber tube;
Described DC high-voltage power supply 43 is ± 2500 volts of stabilized voltage supplys, which is provided with the voltage-regulation knob 33 for regulation voltage size, and has the digital voltmeter 34 of corresponding range.Described digital voltmeter is connected in parallel between two spheric electrodes.
Before experiment, plugged in by power supply slot 23, opening power master switch 32, and check whether two air intake openings 25 are tightened, in case leak-stopping gas; Check DC high-voltage power supply adjusting knob 33, guarantee that the voltage of DC high-voltage power supply 43 is zero; Check the oil mass of vacuum pump 22, refuel from vacuum pump lubrication hole 12 time not enough.
When carrying out gas discharge experiment, regulating die opening by the slide block be slidably fitted in chute 19, after fixing, measuring die opening and record.Cover tightly the lid of vacuum tank 6, connect DC high-voltage source current 43, be in " drawing position " by valve 37 on three-way pipeline, open vacuum pump switch 30, vacuum pump 22 is started working, air in gas discharge vacuum system 42 is extracted out by vacuum pump, air pressure in vacuum system is reduced, and its internal vacuum will show on vacuum meter 36, be closed by vacuum pump switch 30 when vacuum tightness reaches certain value, now gas discharge vacuum system 42 inside will become sealing system, and air pressure remains unchanged.Now, open DC high-voltage source switch 31 and DC high-voltage power supply 43 is opened, regulate the voltage between two spheric electrodes 7 by DC high-voltage power supply adjusting knob 33, instantaneous voltage is read by digital voltmeter 34.Increasing voltage or changing in the process of air pressure, can be observed spark discharge, corona discharge, glow discharge, arc discharge, the electric current and voltage value of record voltage breakdown and various electric discharge phenomena, and fixation phenomenon analyzes data, draws experiment conclusion.If desired probe into the impact of magnetic field on gas discharge phenomenon, solenoid power switch 27 can be opened, regulate size of current in solenoid 9 by solenoid power adjustment knob 40, thus change magnetic field size, observe gas discharge phenomenon under different size magnetic field.If desired the impact of electric field on gas discharge phenomenon is probed into, parallel electrode plate power switch 28 can be opened, regulate the voltage swing between two pieces of parallel electrode plates 8 by parallel electrode plate power adjustment knob 39, thus change electric field level, observe not gas discharge phenomenon under same electric field.
When carrying out probing into air pressure and boiling temperature relationship is tested, in heating container 2, injecting testing liquid, buckle condenser 4 along groove, covering tightly the lid of vacuum tank 6.Open total water source interface 24, by water filling port 16, condensate water is injected in condenser; By freeing port 13 by condensate water eductor condenser.Open total power switch 32, valve 37 on three-way pipeline is in " pushing ", open vacuum pump switch 30, vacuum pump 22 is started working, and will probe into air pressure and boiling point and close air in vacuum system and extract out, makes to probe into the air pressure that air pressure and boiling point close in vacuum system 41 and reduces, its internal vacuum will show on vacuum meter 36, closed by vacuum pump switch 30 when vacuum tightness reaches certain value, now probe into air pressure and boiling point and close vacuum system 41 inside and will become sealing system, vacuum tightness remains unchanged.Open digital display thermometer switch 29, now electrothermal wire power 47 is connected, heating testing liquid, observe digital display thermometer 38 registration and increase, when the testing liquid in heating container 2 seethes with excitement, observe digital display thermometer registration and remain unchanged.Air intake opening 25 slowly on rear side of opening operation platform, changes and probes into air pressure and boiling point and close air pressure in vacuum system 41, and record the boiling point of liquid under different air pressure, analysis data, obtain the relation of boiling point of liquid and air pressure.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by referring to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, invention has been described, but those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claims limits.
Claims (4)
1. probe into the comprehensive demonstration instrument that gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure affect boiling point of liquid, comprise operator's console (1), be located at the vacuum pump (22) in operator's console, baro-vacuum gauge (36), DC high-voltage power supply (43), parallel-plate power supply (44), solenoid power supply (45) and electrothermal wire power (47), be located at two vacuum tanks (6) above operator's console, it is characterized in that: be provided with in described vacuum tank (6) and probe into air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system (41), gas discharge vacuum system (42) is provided with in described another vacuum tank (6), described DC high-voltage power supply is located in the DC high-voltage source region (18) in operator's console, describedly probe into air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system (41) comprises heating container (2), be located at the heating wire (14) bottom heating container, be located at the heat sensitive sensor (15) on heating container inwall, tip upside down on the condenser outside heating container, freeing port (13) is provided with in the bottom of condenser, water filling port (16) and air hole (5) is provided with on the top of condenser, described air hole is through condenser inner wall (3) and condenser outer walls (4), the inside of condenser is communicated with outside, thus make air pressure above heating container internal liquid equal to probe into the air pressure in air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system, described heating wire (14) is connected with the electrothermal wire power be located in operator's console (47), described gas discharge vacuum system (42) comprises two horizontally disposed spheric electrodes (7), a spheric electrode is fixed on above operator's console by copper rod, another spheric electrode is fixed on a slide block by copper rod, this slide block coordinates with the chute be located at above operator's console (19), and this slide block can slide and change die opening in chute, two spheric electrodes are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the DC high-voltage power supply be located in operator's console (43) respectively, also comprise the parallel electrode plate (8) that two pieces are located at two upper and lower both sides of spheric electrode respectively, one piece of parallel electrode plate is below supported by the metal support (10) be connected on operator's console, one piece of parallel electrode plate is above supported by the insulating support (17) be connected on operator's console, below superincumbent one piece of parallel electrode plate with piece parallel electrode plate of below be above respectively equipped with the identical solenoid of a structure (9), two solenoidal mouths of pipe are relatively and keep certain distance, two pieces of parallel electrode plates are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the parallel-plate power supply (44) be located in operator's console respectively, and two solenoids are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of the solenoid power supply (45) be located in operator's console respectively.
2. the comprehensive demonstration instrument probed into gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure and boiling point of liquid is affected according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: on the leading flank of described operator's console (1), be provided with solenoid power switch (27), parallel electrode plate power switch (28), digital display thermometer switch (29), vacuum pump switch (30), DC high-voltage source switch (31), total power switch (32), DC high-voltage power supply adjusting knob (33), digital voltmeter (34), fuel level gauge (35), vacuum meter (36), valve (37), digital display thermometer (38), parallel electrode plate power adjustment knob (39) and solenoid power adjustment knob (40), described digital voltmeter (34) is connected in parallel between described two spheric electrodes (7), described vacuum meter (36) by rubber tube respectively with probe into air pressure and be connected with boiling temperature relationship vacuum system (41) and gas discharge vacuum system (42), for measuring the vacuum tightness in this two vacuum system, described valve (37) is for controlling three-way pipeline push/pull state, and described digital display thermometer (38) is electrically connected with described heat sensitive sensor (15), the trailing flank of described operator's console (1) is provided with power supply slot (23), water source interface (24), two air intake openings (25), electric fan (26) and water delivering orifices (46), described water source interface to be connected with the water filling port (16) of described condenser by flexible pipe and to communicate, and described water delivering orifice to be connected with the freeing port (13) of described condenser by flexible pipe and to communicate, described two air intake openings are connected with described vacuum pump (22) respectively by conduit,
Vacuum pump venthole (11), vacuum pump lubrication hole (12) and two vacuum pump aspirating holes (21) are also provided with on described operator's console (1), a vacuum pump aspirating hole is located to be probed in air pressure and boiling temperature relationship vacuum system (41), and another vacuum pump aspirating hole is located in described gas discharge vacuum system (42); Described two vacuum pump aspirating holes (21) by flexible pipe with establish the vacuum pump (22) in operator's console (1) to be connected to communicate, described vacuum pump by three-way pipeline respectively with probe into air pressure and be connected with the vacuum pump aspirating hole 21 in boiling temperature relationship vacuum system and gas discharge vacuum system, selected the vacuum system of vacuum pump effect by the valve (37) controlled in three-way pipeline.
3. the comprehensive demonstration instrument probed into gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure and boiling point of liquid is affected according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described two vacuum tanks (6) are transparent glass container, all sealing is fixed on above operator's console (1), is lined with rubber sealing ring under vacuum container cover.
4. the comprehensive demonstration instrument probed into gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure and affect boiling point of liquid according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described parallel-plate power supply (44) and solenoid power supply (45) are DC low voltage power supply.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410023494.5A CN103730045B (en) | 2014-01-20 | 2014-01-20 | Probe into the comprehensive demonstration instrument that gas discharge phenomenon and air pressure affect boiling point of liquid |
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| CN104680895B (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2017-05-10 | 四川科业教学仪器设备有限责任公司 | Teaching experimental device about influence of air pressure on boiling point |
| CN107170341B (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2019-05-31 | 西南大学 | A kind of comprehensive demonstration instrument for probing into gas discharge phenomenon and gas chemistry |
| CN108573642B (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2023-12-19 | 上海瑞临照明电气有限公司 | Gas color development device and color development method thereof |
| CN114360341B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-12-06 | 北京科技大学 | Multi-mode switching plasma discharge experiment demonstration device and method |
| CN114419967A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-29 | 西南大学 | Multifunctional gas discharge and plasma experimental instrument |
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