CN103728136A - Online measuring method for radial sliding bearing oil film dynamic stiffness - Google Patents
Online measuring method for radial sliding bearing oil film dynamic stiffness Download PDFInfo
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- CN103728136A CN103728136A CN201410016062.1A CN201410016062A CN103728136A CN 103728136 A CN103728136 A CN 103728136A CN 201410016062 A CN201410016062 A CN 201410016062A CN 103728136 A CN103728136 A CN 103728136A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an online measuring method for radial sliding bearing oil film dynamic stiffness. According to the online measuring method for the radial sliding bearing oil film dynamic stiffness, a radial sliding bearing oil film dynamic stiffness measuring system is used to obtain oil film dynamic supporting force and oil film dynamic displacement; the radial sliding bearing oil film dynamic stiffness is the ratio of the oil film dynamic supporting force and the oil film dynamic displacement; the radial sliding bearing oil film dynamic stiffness measuring system comprises an oil film dynamic supporting force measuring system and an oil film dynamic displacement measuring system. The online measuring method for the radial sliding bearing oil film dynamic stiffness has the advantages of not needing simplification in any form and being high in measuring accuracy due to the fact that the stiffness is obtained through the ratio of the oil film supporting force and the dynamic displacement strictly according to the definition of the stiffness and being adapted to all bearing structures and strong in adaptability. A measuring system is simple, can be constructed through market shelf products, not needs to exploit a special measuring module and is benefited to engineering application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ship equipment kinetic parameter on-line testing field, be specifically related in Propulsion Systems radially oil film bearings dynamic stiffness on-line testing technology.
Background technology
Sliding bearing has the features such as load-bearing capacity is large, stable working, the life-span is long, running is reliable, noise is low, is widely used in ship domain.As the critical component in marine propuision system; the dynamic stiffness characteristic of sliding bearing directly affects propulsion system vibration characteristics; in addition by understanding in time oil film bearings state to the on-line testing of dynamic stiffness, therefore Obtaining Accurate oil film dynamic stiffness characteristic is significant to research screw propeller-shafting vibration rule, the normal work of protection marine propulsion shafting and guarantee navigation safety.
Boats and ships are in real navigation, and the duty parameter of unit of axle of ship propellor often, in changing, also changes the duty of bearing, and especially, when the speed of gyration of propeller shaft changes, sliding bearing dynamic stiffness is also to change in real time.This specific character decision model test figure of naval vessel is often difficult to play a role.
In order to obtain online bearing dynamic stiffness, (the research of large-size steam turbine oil film bearings dynamic performance parameters identification of section Ji'an.Mechanical engineering journal 1997,33 (1), 93-98) a kind of method of utilizing the unbalance response of system to identify oil film dynamic coefficients is proposed, and Sun Wei (oil film bearings rigidity, oil film thickness monitoring device.Patent of invention, application number 201110049392.7) by on-line testing bearing parameter, and then bring theoretical formula estimation dynamic stiffness into.The prerequisite of these two kinds of methods all needs axle system to carry out Accurate Model.But for marine propuision system, axle is that end is provided with screw propeller, and screw propeller hydrodynamics characteristic complexity in operation process, also there is the series of problems such as buoyancy, added mass of entrained water, be difficult to Accurate Model, existing method was lost efficacy, still lack at present effective bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic stiffness on-line testing method.
Summary of the invention
The defect existing for prior art, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: a kind of bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic stiffness on-line testing method is provided, realizes in operation process under hydrodynamic force complex environment the radially accurate measurement of bearing film rigidity.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic stiffness on-line testing method, it is characterized in that: utilize bush(ing) bearing oil film stiffness test system, obtain respectively oil film dynamic support power and oil film dynamic displacement, bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic stiffness is the ratio of oil film dynamic support power and oil film dynamic displacement; Described bush(ing) bearing oil film stiffness test system does not comprise oil film dynamic support force test system and oil film dynamic displacement test macro;
Described anchorage force test macro mainly comprises foil gauge, wireless data dispensing device, receive data by wireless device, test flip flop equipment, angular transducer; Each foil gauge data output end is connected with wireless data dispensing device, wireless base station apparatus end is connected with receive data by wireless device by wireless mode, test flip flop equipment, angular transducer are all connected with data acquisition system (DAS) with receive data by wireless device, data acquisition system (DAS) is connected with post-processing unit, and test macro is started working after triggering via test flip flop equipment; During test, two specified cross-sections are set in bush(ing) bearing axial two ends rotating shaft, place Slideslip bearing face distance is unequal separately for two specified cross-section distances; The axial both sides of each specified cross-section respectively arrange a testing section, and two testing sections equate apart from the distance of self specified cross-section; Simultaneously on equidistant two testing sections in specified cross-section both sides, eight foil gauges are set therein, every four even intervals of foil gauge stick in the periphery of one of them testing section, and the circumferential distributing position of each foil gauge on two specified cross-sections is consistent; Wireless data dispensing device is arranged in rotating shaft; The stiff end of angular transducer is arranged in bearing base or Ship Structure with the stiff end of test flip flop equipment, and the rotation end of the rotation end of angular transducer and test flip flop equipment is fixed in rotating shaft;
Described oil film dynamic displacement test macro mainly comprises current vortex sensor, sensor stand, Elastic Isolator; Current vortex sensor is arranged on sensor stand, and sensor stand is fixed in bearing base or Ship Structure by the Elastic Isolator of bottom; Current vortex sensor is connected with data acquisition system (DAS), and acquisition system image data finally sends post-processing unit to obtain oil film dynamic displacement; During test, two groups of current vortex sensors are arranged in the axial both sides of rotating shaft at bush(ing) bearing, every group of current vortex sensor comprises two current vortex sensors that are positioned on same circumference, a current vortex sensor is arranged on the vertical direction diameter of rotating shaft, and another current vortex sensor is arranged in the horizontal diameter of rotating shaft.
In technique scheme, test flip flop equipment comprises rotating to be held and stiff end; Flip flop equipment rotates end and is fixed in rotating shaft, and flip flop equipment stiff end is arranged on bearing or hull structure, and the signal output part on flip flop equipment stiff end is connected with data acquisition system (DAS); When flip flop equipment rotates end, meet at the same bus of rotating shaft with flip flop equipment stiff end, a trigger pip is provided, trigger whole test macro and start working; Final strain data, rotational angle data and current vortex sensor data are sent to post-processing unit by data handling system and process.
In technique scheme, described method is carried out as follows:
Step 1: according to dynamic stiffness test request, frequency test scope, determine each position, the spacing of each foil gauge, sensor and test flip flop equipment, check before test whether anchorage force test macro and the operation of dynamic displacement test macro be normal;
Step 2: start angle signal flip flop equipment, after trigger pip occurs, synchronous acquisition all the sensors displacement information, and do post-processed acquisition oil film dynamic stiffness data; Described post-processed refers to utilizes the foil gauge and the angular transducer information acquisition shaft section shearing that are arranged on the shaft part of bush(ing) bearing both sides, according to equilibrium equation and torque equilibrium equation, obtain bearing film dynamic support power, and utilize and be arranged in current vortex sensor on the shaft part of bush(ing) bearing both sides and obtain oil film dynamic displacement, final oil film dynamic stiffness is the ratio of oil film dynamic support power and oil film dynamic displacement.
In technique scheme, oil film dynamic support power and oil film on-line displacement measurement computing method are as follows: first utilize 8 foil gauges that are arranged on the shaft part of the axial both sides of bush(ing) bearing, obtain respectively the shearing force on the different specified cross-sections of bush(ing) bearing both sides rotating shaft, this shearing force be decomposed into two perpendicular to bearing shaft to and orthogonal components, one-component is vertical direction, another component is laterally, according to force and moment balance equation, can obtain bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic support power; Secondly utilize the current vortex sensor that is arranged in bush(ing) bearing both sides, obtain oil film dynamic displacement; Bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic stiffness is the ratio of oil film dynamic support power and oil film dynamic displacement.
Compare compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic stiffness on-line testing method that the present invention proposes is the definition in strict accordance with dynamic stiffness, ratio by oil film anchorage force and dynamic displacement obtains, without any type of model simplification, measuring accuracy is high; Method of testing is adapted to all bearing arrangement forms, method of testing strong adaptability; Test macro is simple, can adopt Market goods shelf product to build, and without exploitation special purpose test modules, is convenient to engineering application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the each parts annexation of bush(ing) bearing oil film stiffness test system schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is two ends specified cross-section position views;
Fig. 3 is one end specified cross-section place shearing force measurement scheme schematic diagram wherein;
Fig. 4 is the side view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is transverse bearing oil film dynamic displacement testing scheme schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the side view of Fig. 5.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the invention is described in further details.
According to bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic stiffness on-line testing method of the invention process, for given bush(ing) bearing, each parts type of attachment of its oil film stiffness test system is as shown in Fig. 1-6.Wherein foil gauge 1 pastes in rotating shaft, and its data output end is connected with the same wireless base station apparatus 2 being fixedly mounted in rotating shaft 15, and wireless transmission end is connected with radio receiver 3 by wireless mode, and strain data is sent to data acquisition system (DAS) 4 the most at last; Current vortex sensor 5 is arranged on sensor stand 6, sensor stand 6 is fixed in bearing base or Ship Structure 14 by Elastic Isolator 7, current vortex sensor 5 data output ends are connected with data acquisition system (DAS) 4, and oil film dynamic displacement system is sent to data acquisition system (DAS) 4; Flip flop equipment rotates end 8 and is fixed in rotating shaft, and flip flop equipment stiff end 9 is arranged on bearing or hull structure, and the signal output part on flip flop equipment stiff end 9 is connected with data acquisition system (DAS) 4.When flip flop equipment rotates end 8, meet with flip flop equipment stiff end 9, a trigger pip is provided, trigger whole test macro and start working.Final strain data, rotational angle data and current vortex sensor 5 data are sent to post-processing unit 10 by data handling system and process.The stiff end 17 of angular transducer is arranged in bearing base or Ship Structure 14, and the rotation end 16 of angular transducer is fixed in rotating shaft 15, after flip flop equipment triggers, starts working.
In order to measure oil film anchorage force, its test arrangement system layout scheme as in Figure 2-4, specified cross-section to be measured is chosen in bush(ing) bearing 11 both sides, and length, the bearing left side specified cross-section 12 of bush(ing) bearing 11 are respectively l apart from distance, the bearing right side specified cross-section 13 of bearing 11 left sides apart from the distance of bearing 11 its right end face
a, l
b, l
c.Rotating shaft specified cross-section in transverse bearing both sides specifies the distance of end face unequal apart from bearing both sides, i.e. l
b≠ l
c.The arrangement of each side specified cross-section place (12,13) foil gauge 1 to be measured as shown in Figure 3.Utilize the strain data of 8 foil gauges 1 of test, in conjunction with calculating oil film dynamic support power according to formula (1)～(6).
First utilize the foil gauge being arranged on the shaft part of the axial both sides of bush(ing) bearing, obtain the shearing force on bush(ing) bearing both sides rotating shaft specified cross-section, this shearing force be decomposed into two perpendicular to bearing shaft to and orthogonal components, one-component is vertical direction, another component is laterally, can obtain the anchorage force of bush(ing) bearing oil film according to force and moment balance equation:
As shown in Figure 3, specified cross-section 12(13 in rotating shaft) equidistant two testing sections of two axial side on arrange altogether 8 foil gauges, each testing section is along uniform 4 foil gauges in circumferential 90 °, interval, the foil gauge circumferential position of two testing sections is consistent, and each testing section is apart from its corresponding specified cross-section 12(13) axial distance is △/2; Wherein x axle is rotating shaft core line, and direction sensing quarter direction, and y axle is vertical direction, and direction vertically upward, and z is that laterally direction is determined by the right-hand rule.According to finite difference theory, the shearing force that can obtain on one of them specified cross-section is:
In formula: F
v, F
hbe respectively vertical component and the cross stream component of shearing force, f
y, f
zfor the shearing force that foil gauge obtains, the diameter that D is axle, the bendind rigidity that EI is axle; Wherein, ε
iyfor vertical direction strain, i=1,2,3,4; ε
izfor horizontal direction strain, i=1,2,3,4;
Wherein, after θ angle is rotated in rotating shaft, the shearing force that the vertical component of shearing force should obtain by foil gauge with cross stream component obtains to the projection of vertical and horizontal both direction,
F
V=f
ycosθ-f
xsinθ?（3）
F
H=f
ysinθ+f
xcosθ?（4）
It is as follows that rotating shaft angle of rotation θ measures computing method:
Rotating shaft rotational angle is completed by angular transducer collection utilization test flip flop equipment, this flip flop equipment forms by rotating end and stiff end, rotating end is fixed in rotating shaft, with the angled φ of foil gauge, stiff end and bearing or be fixingly connected with the fixture of hull structure, when rotating end, meet with solid top, a trigger pip is provided, whole test macro is started working; When angular transducer test angle is ψ, above-mentioned θ should be ψ and φ sum;
Shaft part on axle between two specified cross-sections is subject to two ends specified cross-section shearing force, oil film anchorage force, inertial force.Wherein the force position of oil film anchorage force in bearing center position, inertial force force position is at shaft part point midway, inertial force and oil film anchorage force also can be respectively orthogonal vertical component and cross stream component, in these two planes, respectively according to force and moment balance equation, can obtain the vertical and cross stream component of oil film anchorage force can be expressed as:
In formula: Q
v, Q
hbe respectively vertical component and the cross stream component of oil film anchorage force, F
v1, F
h1be respectively vertical component and the cross stream component of bearing left side specified cross-section up cut shear, F
v2, F
h2be respectively vertical component and the cross stream component of bearing right side specified cross-section up cut shear.L
a, l
b, l
cbe respectively length, the bearing left side specified cross-section of bush(ing) bearing apart from the distance of bearing left side, bearing right side specified cross-section the distance apart from bearing its right end face.
Secondly according to Fig. 5-6, utilize 4 current vortex sensors 5 that are arranged in bush(ing) bearing both sides, convolution (7)～(8) calculate oil film dynamic displacement.
In bush(ing) bearing both sides, arrange two groups of current vortex sensors, every group of current vortex sensor comprises two, and on the vertical direction diameter that is arranged on rotating shaft, another is arranged in the horizontal diameter of rotating shaft, and be positioned on same circumference, and current vortex sensor does not all contact with rotating shaft.Oil film dynamic displacement is,
In formula: D
v, D
hbe respectively vertical component and the cross stream component of oil film dynamic displacement, d
v1, d
h1be respectively vertical amount and transversal vector that bearing left side current vortex sensor records, d
v2, d
h2be respectively vertical amount and transversal vector that bearing right side current vortex sensor records.L
d, l
ebe respectively bearing left side current vortex sensor apart from the distance of bearing left side, bearing right side current vortex sensor the distance apart from bearing its right end face.L
d, l
eequate or unequal all can, with l
a, l
b, l
calso without distance relation.
Last oil film dynamic stiffness is the ratio of oil film dynamic support power and oil film dynamic displacement.
Claims (4)
1. a bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic stiffness on-line testing method, it is characterized in that: utilize bush(ing) bearing oil film stiffness test system, obtain respectively oil film dynamic support power and oil film dynamic displacement, bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic stiffness is the ratio of oil film dynamic support power and oil film dynamic displacement; Described bush(ing) bearing oil film stiffness test system does not comprise oil film dynamic support force test system and oil film dynamic displacement test macro;
Described anchorage force test macro mainly comprises foil gauge, wireless data dispensing device, receive data by wireless device, test flip flop equipment, angular transducer; Each foil gauge data output end is connected with wireless data dispensing device, wireless base station apparatus end is connected with receive data by wireless device by wireless mode, test flip flop equipment, angular transducer are all connected with data acquisition system (DAS) with receive data by wireless device, data acquisition system (DAS) is connected with post-processing unit, and test macro is started working after triggering via test flip flop equipment; During test, two specified cross-sections are set in bush(ing) bearing axial two ends rotating shaft, place Slideslip bearing face distance is unequal separately for two specified cross-section distances; The axial both sides of each specified cross-section respectively arrange a testing section, and two testing sections equate apart from the distance of self specified cross-section; Simultaneously on equidistant two testing sections in specified cross-section both sides, eight foil gauges are set therein, every four even intervals of foil gauge stick in the periphery of one of them testing section, and the circumferential distributing position of each foil gauge on two specified cross-sections is consistent; Wireless data dispensing device is arranged in rotating shaft; The stiff end of angular transducer is arranged in bearing base or Ship Structure with the stiff end of test flip flop equipment, and the rotation end of the rotation end of angular transducer and test flip flop equipment is fixed in rotating shaft;
Described oil film dynamic displacement test macro mainly comprises current vortex sensor, sensor stand, Elastic Isolator; Current vortex sensor is arranged on sensor stand, and sensor stand is fixed in bearing base or Ship Structure by the Elastic Isolator of bottom; Current vortex sensor is connected with data acquisition system (DAS), and acquisition system image data finally sends post-processing unit to obtain oil film dynamic displacement; During test, two groups of current vortex sensors are arranged in the axial both sides of rotating shaft at bush(ing) bearing, every group of current vortex sensor comprises two current vortex sensors that are positioned on same circumference, a current vortex sensor is arranged on the vertical direction diameter of rotating shaft, and another current vortex sensor is arranged in the horizontal diameter of rotating shaft.
2. a kind of bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic stiffness on-line testing method according to claim 1, is characterised in that: test flip flop equipment comprises rotating to be held and stiff end; Flip flop equipment rotates end and is fixed in rotating shaft, and flip flop equipment stiff end is arranged on bearing or hull structure, and the signal output part on flip flop equipment stiff end is connected with data acquisition system (DAS); When flip flop equipment rotates end, meet at the same bus of rotating shaft with flip flop equipment stiff end, a trigger pip is provided, trigger whole test macro and start working; Final strain data, rotational angle data and current vortex sensor data are sent to post-processing unit by data handling system and process.
3. a kind of bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic stiffness on-line testing method according to claim 2, is characterised in that: described method is carried out as follows:
Step 1: according to dynamic stiffness test request, frequency test scope, determine each position, the spacing of each foil gauge, sensor and test flip flop equipment, check before test whether anchorage force test macro and the operation of dynamic displacement test macro be normal;
Step 2: start angle signal flip flop equipment, after trigger pip occurs, synchronous acquisition all the sensors displacement information, and do post-processed acquisition oil film dynamic stiffness data; Described post-processed refers to utilizes the foil gauge and the angular transducer information acquisition shaft section shearing that are arranged on the shaft part of bush(ing) bearing both sides, according to equilibrium equation and torque equilibrium equation, obtain bearing film dynamic support power, and utilize and be arranged in current vortex sensor on the shaft part of bush(ing) bearing both sides and obtain oil film dynamic displacement, final oil film dynamic stiffness is the ratio of oil film dynamic support power and oil film dynamic displacement.
4. a kind of bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic stiffness on-line testing method according to claim 3, be characterised in that: oil film dynamic support power and oil film on-line displacement measurement computing method are as follows: first utilize 8 foil gauges that are arranged on the shaft part of the axial both sides of bush(ing) bearing, obtain respectively the shearing force on the different specified cross-sections of bush(ing) bearing both sides rotating shaft, this shearing force be decomposed into two perpendicular to bearing shaft to and orthogonal components, one-component is vertical direction, another component is horizontal, according to force and moment balance equation, can obtain bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic support power, secondly utilize the current vortex sensor that is arranged in bush(ing) bearing both sides, obtain oil film dynamic displacement, bush(ing) bearing oil film dynamic stiffness is the ratio of oil film dynamic support power and oil film dynamic displacement.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106441891A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-02-22 | 常州湖南大学机械装备研究院 | Reverse solution method of indeterminacy of oil film force and characteristics of rotor bearing |
| CN109668700A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-04-23 | 北京精密机电控制设备研究所 | A kind of servo valve armature component integral stiffness measuring device |
| CN110967185A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-07 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Rotor bearing radial load measuring method and device and aircraft engine |
| CN113607417A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-05 | 浙江大学 | Radial sliding bearing dynamic characteristic testing device based on non-contact electromagnetic vibration exciter |
| CN113607416A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-05 | 大连工业大学 | Rolling bearing three-dimensional dynamic stiffness test device and test method thereof |
| CN115031872A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2022-09-09 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Supporting interface force testing device of aircraft engine rotor |
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| CN109668700B (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2020-08-21 | 北京精密机电控制设备研究所 | Comprehensive rigidity measuring device for armature component of servo valve |
| CN110967185A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-07 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Rotor bearing radial load measuring method and device and aircraft engine |
| CN110967185B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2022-02-22 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Rotor bearing radial load measuring method and device and aircraft engine |
| CN115031872A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2022-09-09 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Supporting interface force testing device of aircraft engine rotor |
| CN113607416A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-05 | 大连工业大学 | Rolling bearing three-dimensional dynamic stiffness test device and test method thereof |
| CN113607416B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2023-05-30 | 大连工业大学 | Rolling bearing three-dimensional dynamic stiffness test device and test method thereof |
| CN113607417A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-05 | 浙江大学 | Radial sliding bearing dynamic characteristic testing device based on non-contact electromagnetic vibration exciter |
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