CN103725965A - Metal alloy and lower center plate in welding type bogie - Google Patents
Metal alloy and lower center plate in welding type bogie Download PDFInfo
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- CN103725965A CN103725965A CN201410043591.0A CN201410043591A CN103725965A CN 103725965 A CN103725965 A CN 103725965A CN 201410043591 A CN201410043591 A CN 201410043591A CN 103725965 A CN103725965 A CN 103725965A
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Abstract
The invention provides a metal alloy which comprises the following components of 0.18-0.25 wt percent of carbon, 0.26-0.50 wt percent of silicon, 0.79-1.00 wt percent of manganese, 0.14-0.25 wt percent of chromium, 0.02-0.06 wt percent of aluminum, not more than 0.035 wt percent of phosphorus, not more than 0.035 wt percent of sulphur, not more than 0.30 wt percent of copper and the balance of iron. Contents of all components in the metal alloy provided by the invention accord with the requirement of UIC840-2 (Union Internationale des Chemins de Fer) technical conditions of delivery of steel castings for rolling stock, and the metal alloy has better yield strength and tensile strength. Experiment results indicate that the metal alloy provided by the invention has better yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and ballistic work, and particularly the metal alloy provided by the invention has yield strength of reaching 405MPa and tensile strength of reaching 575MPa.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metal alloy technology, relate in particular to the center bearing in a kind of metal alloy and solder type bogie.
Background technology
Y25Lsd1 solder type bogie is the principal mode bogie of Europe lorry, mainly by two curb girders, crossbeam, center bearing, and the compositions such as side bearing, side bearing body, two end carriages, longitudinal beam, spring lid and drawing strickle guide.Wherein a member center bearing, needs to adopt the mode of casting to produce.In prior art, the material mark of casting center bearing is E300-520MS (C2), its chemical composition and mechanical property need meet the requirement of UIC840-2 < < used for rolling stock steel casting supply of material technical qualification > >, referring to table 1 and table 2, table 1 is the mass content of the chemical composition of UIC840-2 < < used for rolling stock steel casting supply of material technical qualification > > regulation, table 2 is the mechanical property parameters of UIC840-2 < < used for rolling stock steel casting supply of material technical qualification > > regulation,
The mass content (%) of the chemical composition of table 1UIC840-2 < < used for rolling stock steel casting supply of material technical qualification > > regulation
| The trade mark | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Ni | Mo | P | S |
| E300-520MS(C2) | ≤0.25 | ≤0.50 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.35 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 |
The mechanical property parameters of table 2UIC840-2 < < used for rolling stock steel casting supply of material technical qualification > > regulation
| The trade mark | Yield strength/MPa | Tensile strength/MPa | Elongation | Ballistic work+20 ℃/AKv |
| E300-520MS(C2) | ≥300 | ≥520 | 17% | ≥20J |
In the existing bogie of China, the main mode of production of center bearing member is the technique of moulding-coremaking-smelting-cast-cleaning.The trade mark that is used for the material of center bearing member is ZG230-450.The trade mark is the mass content of chemical composition of ZG230-450 material and mechanical property parameters in Table 3 and table 4, table 3 is the mass content of the chemical composition of the material that in prior art, the trade mark is ZG230-450, and table 4 is the mechanical property parameters of the material that in prior art, the trade mark is ZG230-450;
The mass content of the chemical composition of the material that in table 3 prior art, the trade mark is ZG230-450 (%)
The mechanical property parameters of the material that in table 4 prior art, the trade mark is ZG230-450
| The trade mark | Yield strength/MPa | Tensile strength/MPa | Elongation | Ballistic work+20 ℃/AKv |
| ZG230-450 | ≥230MPa | ≥450MPa | 22% | ≥25J |
As can be seen from Table 1, the chemical constitution of the material that the trade mark that prior art adopts is ZG230-450 does not meet the regulation of UIC840-2, and tensile strength and yield strength are lower than the requirement of mechanical property in UIC840-2.Material composition and mechanical property all do not meet the requirement of UIC840-2 < < used for rolling stock steel casting supply of material technical qualification > >.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the center bearing in a kind of metal alloy and solder type bogie, metal alloy provided by the invention has good mechanical property, and meets the demand of batch production.
The invention provides a kind of metal alloy, comprise following component:
The carbon of 0.18wt%～0.25wt%;
The silicon of 0.26wt%～0.50wt%;
The manganese of 0.79wt%～1.00wt%;
The chromium of 0.14wt%～0.25wt%;
The aluminium of 0.02wt%～0.06wt%;
The phosphorus of≤0.035wt%;
The sulphur of≤0.035wt%;
The copper of≤0.30wt%;
Surplus is iron.
Preferably, the carbon that comprises 0.20wt%～0.25wt%.
Preferably, the silicon that comprises 0.30wt%～0.45wt%.
Preferably, the manganese that comprises 0.85wt%～1.0wt%.
Preferably, the chromium that comprises 0.16wt%～0.23wt%.
Preferably, the phosphorus of comprise≤0.030wt%;
Preferably, the sulphur of comprise≤0.030wt%.
Preferably, the aluminium that comprises 0.02wt%～0.04wt%.
The invention provides the center bearing in solder type bogie, described center bearing is formed by the metal alloy casting described in technique scheme.
Preferably, described in, be cast into:
The fused solution that comprises described metal alloy composition is poured into a mould the model of described center bearing, obtained described center bearing, the temperature of described cast is 1560 ℃～1580 ℃.
The invention provides a kind of metal alloy, comprise the carbon of following component: 0.18wt%～0.25wt%; The silicon of 0.26wt%～0.50wt%; The manganese of 0.79wt%～1.00wt%; The chromium of 0.14wt%～0.25wt%; The aluminium of 0.02wt%～0.06wt%; The phosphorus of≤0.035wt%; The sulphur of≤0.035wt%; The copper of≤0.30wt%; Surplus is iron.Alloying element in metal alloy provided by the invention be take carbon, manganese and silicon as main, the content of each component meets the requirement of UIC840-2 < < used for rolling stock steel casting supply of material technical qualification > >, and has good yield strength and tensile strength.Experimental result shows, metal alloy provided by the invention has good yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and ballistic work, concrete, and the yield strength of metal alloy provided by the invention can reach 405MPa, tensile strength can reach 575MPa.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of metal alloy, comprise following component:
The carbon of 0.18wt%～0.25wt%;
The silicon of 0.26wt%～0.50wt%;
The manganese of 0.79wt%～1.00wt%;
The chromium of 0.14wt%～0.25wt%;
The aluminium of 0.02wt%～0.06wt%;
The phosphorus of≤0.035wt%;
The sulphur of≤0.035wt%;
The copper of≤0.30wt%;
Surplus is iron.
The content of each component of metal alloy provided by the invention and mechanical property meet the requirement of UIC840-2 < < used for rolling stock steel casting supply of material technical qualification > > completely, and are suitable for producing in enormous quantities.
Metal alloy provided by the invention comprises the carbon of 0.18wt%～0.25wt%, be preferably the carbon of 0.20wt%～0.25wt%, in an embodiment of the present invention, the mass content of described carbon in described metal alloy can be specially 0.20wt%, 0.21wt%, 0.22wt%, 0.23wt%, 0.24wt% or 0.25wt%.
Metal alloy provided by the invention comprises the silicon of 0.26wt%～0.50wt%, is preferably the silicon of 0.30wt%～0.45wt%wt%.In an embodiment of the present invention, the mass content of described silicon in described metal alloy can be specially 0.30wt%, 0.31wt%, 0.32wt%, 0.33wt%, 0.34wt%, 0.35wt%, 0.36wt%, 0.39wt%, 0.41wt%, 0.44wt% or 0.45wt%.
Metal alloy provided by the invention comprises the manganese of 0.79wt%～1.00wt%, is preferably the manganese of 0.85wt%～1.0wt%, more preferably comprises the manganese of 0.90wt%～0.99wt%.In an embodiment of the present invention, the mass content of described manganese in described metal alloy can be specially 0.85wt%, 0.90wt%, 0.91wt%, 0.92wt%, 0.95wt%, 0.96wt%, 0.98wt% or 0.99wt%.
Metal alloy provided by the invention comprises the aluminium of 0.02wt%～0.06wt%, is preferably the aluminium of 0.02wt%～0.05wt%.In an embodiment of the present invention, the mass content of described aluminium in described metal alloy can be specially 0.02wt%, 0.03wt%, 0.04wt%, 0.05wt% or 0.06wt%.
Metal alloy provided by the invention comprises the chromium of 0.14wt%～0.25wt%, is preferably the chromium of 0.16wt%～0.23wt%.In an embodiment of the present invention, the mass content of described chromium in described metal alloy can be specially 0.16wt%, 0.19wt%, 0.20wt%, 0.21wt%, 0.22wt% or 0.23wt%.
The phosphorus of comprise≤0.035wt% of metal alloy provided by the invention; In the present invention, concrete, the mass content of described phosphorus preferably≤0.030wt%, more preferably≤0.025wt%;
The sulphur of comprise≤0.035wt% of metal alloy provided by the invention, in the present invention, concrete, the mass content of described sulphur preferably≤0.030wt%, more preferably≤0.025wt%, most preferably≤0.020wt%.
The copper of comprise≤0.30wt% of metal alloy provided by the invention, in the present invention, copper is due to after various furnace charges thawings, bring in molten steel, not artificial interpolation, copper is inevitable impurity, and those skilled in the art can contain quantitative limitation to copper mass according to above-mentioned, select the furnace charge of suitable purity.
In the present invention, described metal alloy also comprises the iron of surplus.
The present invention does not have special restriction to the preparation method of described metal alloy, the method that adopts metal alloy well known to those skilled in the art to smelt is prepared, as adopted oxidation style well known to those skilled in the art to smelt, obtain the metal alloy described in technique scheme.In an embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of described metal alloy can be specially:
By source of iron and lime mixed melting, obtain molten steel;
Described molten steel is mixed with lime and ore, in oxygen atmosphere, be oxidized, obtain the molten steel of oxidation;
The molten steel of described oxidation is mixed with silicon source, manganese source, chromium source, aluminium source and reductive agent, reduce, obtain the metal alloy described in technique scheme.
In industrial production, the present invention, by before source of iron and lime mixed melting, preferably carries out fettling, and repair at the position that body of heater is damaged, to guarantee the normal smelting of lower one heat steel.The present invention does not have special restriction to the method for described fettling, adopts the technical scheme of fettling well known to those skilled in the art.
The present invention preferably adds source of iron and lime in the burner hearth after fettling, and energising is melted material, obtains molten steel.In the process of described fusing, the phosphorus in material is partly removed, thus the content of phosphorus in the metal alloy that guarantees to obtain.In the present invention, the quality optimization of described lime is the 2wt%～7wt% of described source of iron total mass, more preferably 3wt%～6wt%.In the present invention, in order to accelerate the fusing of material and to save power consumption, in industrial production, the present invention preferably adopts oxygen blast to flux in described melting process, improves the speed of described fusing and the quality of molten steel.The present invention in described melting process, the steel mouth of shutoff smelting furnace.In the present invention, the voltage of described energising is preferably 140V～150V, and the electric current of described energising is preferably 4000A.
Obtain after molten steel, the present invention mixes described molten steel with lime and ore, in oxygen atmosphere, be oxidized, and obtains the molten steel of oxidation.In the present invention, in described oxidising process, can reduce to greatest extent the phosphorus content in molten steel, and remove the gas in molten steel, as nitrogen and/or hydrogen and inclusion, described oxidising process is heated to a little higher than tapping temperature by the temperature of molten steel.In the present invention, the add-on of described ore is preferably every batch and is no more than the heavy 1wt% of material; The add-on of described lime is preferably as the criterion to be paved with molten steel liquid level, and it is main mixture that described ore preferably be take Fe2o3 and Fe3o4.In the present invention, the temperature of described oxidation is preferably not less than 1560 ℃.
The present invention, after completing described oxidising process, has a power failure, and removes the oxidation sludge in stove, and makes new slag with lime and fluorite, prepares to reduce.In the present invention, described reduction process can be removed the sulphur content in steel, deoxidation, and chemical composition and the temperature of adjustment molten steel.The present invention does not have special restriction to the kind in described carbon source, silicon source, manganese source, chromium source, aluminium source, adopt carbon source well known to those skilled in the art, silicon source, manganese source, chromium source, aluminium source, as adopted carbon dust, ferrosilicon powder, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, ferroaluminium.The present invention does not have special restriction to the condition of described reduction, adopt the technical scheme of reducing in steelmaking process well known to those skilled in the art, in the present invention, when meeting to skim while requiring, molten steel component reduces, and described molten steel temperature equals or a little higher than tapping temperature, and the present invention does not have special restriction to this.
In Industrial processes, the preparation method of described metal alloy can be specially:
(1) fettling: fettling refers to after upper stove has been tapped, and needs the position of rapidly body of heater being damaged to repair, to guarantee the normal smelting of lower one heat steel;
(2) charging: charging refers to solid charge (scrap iron and steel material of allocating into by the requirement of smelting steel grade and a small amount of lime) is packed in burner hearth.Employing body of heater is outputed, and with the crane batch can of slinging, furnace charge is once added in burner hearth;
(3) melting period: start to be called melting period to all molten clear stage of furnace charge from energising.Its main task is to melt rapidly whole furnace charges, and requires to remove the phosphorus of part.In order to accelerate the fusing of furnace charge and to save power consumption, in melting period, general employing oxygen blast is fluxed.In addition, block up good tap hole simultaneously;
(4) oxidation period: sampling analysis enters oxidation period after furnace charge all melts clearly.The task in this stage is: 1) reduce to greatest extent the phosphorus content in molten steel; 2) remove gas (nitrogen, hydrogen) and inclusion in steel; 3) molten steel temperature is heated to a little higher than tapping temperature.For completing above-mentioned task, must in stove, add lime, ore, carry out an operation such as oxygen blast, stream slag.When finish oxidation period, slag be pulled down;
(5) reduction period: have a power failure and remove after oxidation sludge, make new slag with lime, fluorite, start to enter reduction period.The main task of reduction period is: 1) remove the sulphur content in steel; 2) deoxidation; 3) adjust molten steel chemical composition and temperature.During reduction period operation, to slag face, evenly add carbon dust, ferrosilicon powder in batches, manage to make slag color to bleach and keep white slag, and add ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and smelt the needed iron alloy of steel grade in molten bath.For final deoxidation, also will be to molten steel interpolation aluminium block;
(6) tapping: tapping refers to smelts satisfactory molten steel by process, from tap hole impouring steel teeming ladle.Then carry out the cast of alloy.
The invention provides the center bearing in solder type bogie, described center bearing is formed by the metal alloy casting described in technique scheme.
The present invention does not have special restriction to the method for described casting, adopts the technical scheme of center bearing casting well known to those skilled in the art.In the present invention, described casting is preferably specially:
The fused solution that comprises described metal alloy composition is poured into a mould the model of described center bearing, obtained described center bearing, the temperature of described cast is 1560 ℃～1580 ℃.
The present invention preferably carries out moulding according to the parameter of required center bearing, obtain the model of center bearing, the present invention does not have special restriction to the method for described moulding, adopt the technical scheme of moulding well known to those skilled in the art, as adopted ester hardened sodium silicate sand mo(u)lding line, in the present invention, the time of described moulding is preferably no more than 4 hours.
Complete after described moulding, the present invention carries out mould assembling by the model precursor obtaining, and obtains the model of center bearing.The present invention does not have special restriction to the method for described mould assembling, adopts the technical scheme of mould assembling well known to those skilled in the art, and in the present invention, the time of described mould assembling is preferably no more than 4 hours.
Obtain after the model of described center bearing, the present invention pours into a mould the fused solution that comprises described metal alloy composition to the model of described center bearing, obtain center bearing, and the temperature of described cast is preferably 1560 ℃～1580 ℃.The molten steel that meets alloy compositions that the present invention preferably obtains method described in technique scheme is poured into a mould described center bearing model.
Complete after described cast, preferably by watering of obtaining, foundry goods is standing clears up after being no less than 6 hours in the present invention, obtains center bearing.The present invention does not have special restriction to the method for described cleaning, adopts the technical scheme of cleaning well known to those skilled in the art, as adopted ramming head formula shot-blast apparatus to cast cleaning.
Metal alloy provided by the invention not only can be used for casting the center bearing in described solder type bogie, can also be used to the casting that casting and described center bearing have the parts of similar mechanical property.The method of described casting is consistent with the castmethod of center bearing described in technique scheme, does not repeat them here.
The invention provides a kind of metal alloy, comprise the carbon of following component: 0.18wt%～0.25wt%; The silicon of 0.26wt%～0.50wt%; The manganese of 0.79wt%～1.00wt%; The chromium of 0.14wt%～0.25wt%; The aluminium of 0.02wt%～0.06wt%; The phosphorus of≤0.035wt%; The sulphur of≤0.035wt%; The copper of≤0.30wt%; Surplus is iron.Alloying element in metal alloy provided by the invention be take carbon, manganese and silicon as main, the content of each component meets the requirement of UIC840-2 < < used for rolling stock steel casting supply of material technical qualification > >, and has good yield strength and tensile strength.Experimental result shows, metal alloy provided by the invention has good yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and ballistic work, concrete, and the yield strength of metal alloy provided by the invention can reach 405MPa, tensile strength can reach 575MPa.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, metal alloy provided by the invention is described in detail, but they can not be interpreted as to limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1～6
According to the component concentration shown in table 5, proportioning is carried out in source of iron, carbon source, silicon source, manganese source, chromium source, aluminium source, according to following flow process, prepare metal alloy.
(1) fettling: after upper stove has been tapped, need the position of rapidly body of heater being damaged to repair, to guarantee the normal smelting of lower one heat steel;
(2) charging: solid charge (scrap iron and steel material of allocating into by the requirement of smelting steel grade and a small amount of lime) is packed in burner hearth.Employing body of heater is outputed, and with the crane batch can of slinging, furnace charge is once added in burner hearth;
(3) melting period: be energized to furnace charge all molten clear.Its main task is to melt rapidly whole furnace charges, and requires to remove the phosphorus of part.In order to accelerate the fusing of furnace charge and to save power consumption, in melting period, general employing oxygen blast is fluxed.In addition, block up good tap hole simultaneously;
(4) oxidation period: sampling analysis enters oxidation period after furnace charge all melts clearly.The task in this stage is: 1) reduce to greatest extent the phosphorus content in molten steel; 2) remove gas (nitrogen, hydrogen) and inclusion in steel; 3) molten steel temperature is heated to a little higher than tapping temperature.For completing above-mentioned task, must in stove, add lime, ore, carry out an operation such as oxygen blast, stream slag.When finish oxidation period, slag be pulled down;
(5) reduction period: have a power failure and remove after oxidation sludge, make new slag with lime, fluorite, start to enter reduction period.The main task of reduction period is: 1) remove the sulphur content in steel; 2) deoxidation; 3) adjust molten steel chemical composition and temperature.During reduction period operation, to slag face, evenly add carbon dust, ferrosilicon powder in batches, manage to make slag color to bleach and keep white slag, and add ferromanganese, ferrosilicon and smelt the needed iron alloy of steel grade in molten bath.For final deoxidation, also will be to molten steel interpolation aluminium block;
(6) tapping: tapping refers to smelts satisfactory molten steel by process, from tap hole impouring steel teeming ladle.Then carry out the cast of alloy, obtain center bearing.
The component concentration of the metal alloy that table 5 embodiment of the present invention 1～6 obtains
| Embodiment | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Al | P | S | Cu | Fe |
| 1 | 0.25 | 0.36 | 0.99 | 0.19 | 0.02 | 0.023 | 0.023 | 0.12 | Surplus |
| 2 | 0.22 | 0.33 | 0.91 | 0.21 | 0.03 | 0.019 | 0.014 | 0.16 | Surplus |
| 3 | 0.22 | 0.39 | 0.90 | 0.20 | 0.04 | 0.019 | 0.021 | 0.14 | Surplus |
| 4 | 0.23 | 0.41 | 0.92 | 0.23 | 0.03 | 0.017 | 0.015 | 0.08 | Surplus |
| 5 | 0.21 | 0.42 | 0.96 | 0.21 | 0.04 | 0.022 | 0.016 | 0.10 | Surplus |
| 6 | 0.23 | 0.44 | 0.95 | 0.20 | 0.03 | 0.017 | 0.018 | 0.07 | Surplus |
The present invention tests the mechanical property of the metal alloy obtaining, and result is as shown in table 6, the mechanical experimental results of the metal alloy that table 6 obtains for the embodiment of the present invention 1～6.
The mechanical experimental results of the metal alloy that table 6 embodiment of the present invention 1～6 obtains
As can be seen from Table 6, metal alloy provided by the invention has good mechanical property, meets in the UIC840-2 < < used for rolling stock steel casting supply of material technical qualification > > regulation about mechanical property completely.
The invention provides a kind of metal alloy, comprise the carbon of following component: 0.18wt%～0.25wt%; The silicon of 0.26wt%～0.50wt%; The manganese of 0.79wt%～1.00wt%; The chromium of 0.14wt%～0.25wt%; The aluminium of 0.02wt%～0.06wt%; The phosphorus of≤0.035wt%; The sulphur of≤0.035wt%; The copper of≤0.30wt%; Surplus is iron.Alloying element in metal alloy provided by the invention be take carbon, manganese and silicon as main, the content of each component meets the requirement of UIC840-2 < < used for rolling stock steel casting supply of material technical qualification > >, and has good yield strength and tensile strength.Experimental result shows, metal alloy provided by the invention has good yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and ballistic work, concrete, and the yield strength of metal alloy provided by the invention can reach 405MPa, tensile strength can reach 575MPa.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a metal alloy, comprises following component:
The carbon of 0.18wt%～0.25wt%;
The silicon of 0.26wt%～0.50wt%;
The manganese of 0.79wt%～1.00wt%;
The chromium of 0.14wt%～0.25wt%;
The aluminium of 0.02wt%～0.06wt%;
The phosphorus of≤0.035wt%;
The sulphur of≤0.035wt%;
The copper of≤0.30wt%;
Surplus is iron.
2. metal alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the carbon of 0.20wt%～0.25wt%.
3. metal alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the silicon of 0.30wt%～0.45wt%.
4. metal alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the manganese of 0.85wt%～1.0wt%.
5. metal alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the chromium of 0.16wt%～0.23wt%.
6. metal alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the phosphorus of comprise≤0.030wt%.
7. metal alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the sulphur of comprise≤0.030wt%.
8. metal alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the aluminium of 0.02wt%～0.04wt%.
9. the center bearing in solder type bogie, is characterized in that, described center bearing is formed by the metal alloy casting described in claim 1～8 any one.
10. center bearing according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described in be cast into:
The fused solution that comprises described metal alloy composition is poured into a mould the model of described center bearing, obtained described center bearing, the temperature of described cast is 1560 ℃～1580 ℃.
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