CN103709479A - 一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103709479A
CN103709479A CN201310696539.0A CN201310696539A CN103709479A CN 103709479 A CN103709479 A CN 103709479A CN 201310696539 A CN201310696539 A CN 201310696539A CN 103709479 A CN103709479 A CN 103709479A
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aluminum
plastic composite
plastic
calcium carbonate
composite panel
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CN103709479B (zh
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赵建明
赵维
吴相庆
向海林
潘春军
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Jiangsu Pivot Decorative Materials Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种铝塑复合板材，特别是涉及一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材及其制备方法。本发明先采用偶联剂改性纳米碳酸钙来增强PE/PP芯层，同时用过氧化二异丙苯和三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯来改性PE/PP芯层；最后按照铝塑复合板材的生产工艺制得所需的板材。所述铝塑复合板材从上至下依次为涂层铝板（1）、第一种高分子粘结膜（2）、PE/PP芯层（3）、第二种高分子粘结膜（4）、涂层铝板（5）。本发明生产的铝塑复合板材，生产制造方便，利用改性后的PE/PP芯层制得的铝塑复合材料比传统的刚性和弯曲强度要高，可广泛用于交通、装饰材料、市政园林等。

Description

一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种铝塑复合板材，特别是涉及一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们环境保护意识的增强，原料来源广泛、环境友好、可循环使用的铝塑复合材料越来越受到人们的重视。铝塑复合材料有铝材与塑料的优点，主要特点为重量轻，坚固耐久，比铝合金薄板有更强的抗冲击性和抗凹陷性；可自由弯曲，弯曲后不反弹，因此成型方便，沿弧面基体弯曲时，不需要特殊固定，便可与基体良好紧贴，便于粘贴固定。但是铝塑复合材料也存在着一些明显不足，如弯曲强度低，承载能力差等，从而影响到了其使用范围。并且，在实际生产中，铝塑复合板聚乙烯（PE）芯层中会混入一些聚丙烯（PP），PE与PP是不相容的。这样必然导致铝塑复合板的强度受到影响，从而生产的铝塑复合板容易发生脱壳现象。对于这些混有PP的PE塑料，如果将它们重新挑选是很费时费力的。因此，对铝塑复合材料芯层进行改性是必要的，特别是对其刚性和弯曲强。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述不足之处提供一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材及其制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材，芯层由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：
PE                                              80
  PP                                             20-30
改性纳米碳酸钙                                   5-10
  过氧化二异丙苯                                   0.3-0.8
三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯                              1-1.5
四[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯              0.1-0.3
本发明一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材，其所述的改性纳米碳酸钙粒径为30-50nm，由硅烷偶联剂与纳米碳酸钙混合，真空干燥而制得；所述的硅烷偶联剂为γ-氯丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
优选，一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材，芯层由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：
PE                                              80
  PP                                             25-30
改性纳米碳酸钙                                   8-10
  过氧化二异丙苯                                   0.5-0.7
三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯                              1-1.2
四[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯      0.1-0.2。
更优选，一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材，芯层由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：
  PE                                              80
  PP                                                  28
改性纳米碳酸钙                                   8
  过氧化二异丙苯                                   0.5
三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯                              1
四[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯              0.15
本发明的一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
（1）、将硅烷偶联剂与溶液（水/乙醇体积比为1:4-6）混合均匀；
（2）、将碳酸钙与5%-8%质量比的硅烷偶联剂溶液混合均匀，在60-90℃的条件下，真空干燥12-16小时，制得改性纳米碳酸钙；
（3）、按配方称取所需的质量；
（4）、将PE/PP、过氧化二异丙苯、三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯、四(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯置于机械搅拌釜内搅拌5-8分钟，并且控制温度100℃-160℃，在200-300r/min转速下搅拌8-10分钟，搅拌均匀后的塑料颗粒由真空吸料机吸进单螺杆挤出机的料斗，塑料颗粒在经过常规的加料段、熔融段、均化段后，被混合塑化均匀，通过螺杆从挤出机口模挤出。从两台单螺杆挤出机口模出来的塑料熔体汇集于同一料筒，流入T型模头，T型模头出口温度控制在190-200℃，通过调节挤出板材的模头宽度的大小来成型塑料芯板，芯板出T模温度≥175℃。挤出的塑料芯板按照常规铝塑复合板的复合工艺依次经过上下复合高分子粘结膜和表面处理过的铝卷，并且第一复合辊控制温度：90℃-100℃，第二复合辊控制温度：130℃-160℃，第一热压辊控制温度：90℃-120℃，第二热压辊控制温度：90℃-99℃，热压控制压力：0.2-0.8MPa，冷却工艺参数：复合板冷却后板面温度不得超过55℃（红外测器测温）。
本发明一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材，生产制造方便，传统的铝塑复合板材生产工艺不需要进行改进就可以进行加工生产。通过对PE/PP芯层的改性，使得芯层刚性与弯曲强度变大，对环境更加友好，降低了原材料的成本。
改性纳米碳酸钙能够增强PE的刚性；过氧化二异丙苯主要起到的是将PE与PP发生交联，那么PE与PP的相容性就得到提高；三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯是防止PE因发生交联反应而降解过度。
具体实施方式
以下采用实例具体说明发明的一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材及其制备方法。
实例1
PE                 80Kg                
PP                  28Kg
改性纳米碳酸钙      8Kg                 
过氧化二异丙苯      0.5Kg
三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯1Kg    
四[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯            0.15Kg
（1）、将硅烷偶联剂与溶液（水/乙醇体积比为1:5）混合均匀；
（2）、将碳酸钙与6%质量比的硅烷偶联剂溶液混合均匀，在80℃的条件下，真空干燥15小时，制得改性纳米碳酸钙；
（3）、按配方称取所需的质量；
（4）、将PE/PP、过氧化二异丙苯、三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯、[β-四(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯置于机械搅拌釜内搅拌7分钟，并且控制温度120℃，在220r/min转速下搅拌8分钟，搅拌均匀后的塑料颗粒由真空吸料机吸进单螺杆挤出机的料斗，塑料颗粒在经过常规的加料段、熔融段、均化段后，被混合塑化均匀，通过螺杆从挤出机口模挤出。从两台单螺杆挤出机口模出来的塑料熔体汇集于同一料筒，流入T型模头，T型模头出口温度控制在195℃，通过调节挤出板材的模头宽度的大小来成型塑料芯板，芯板出T模温度=175℃。挤出的塑料芯板按照常规铝塑复合板的复合工艺依次经过上下复合高分子粘结膜和表面处理过的铝卷，并且第一复合辊控制温度：92℃，第二复合辊控制温度：135℃，第一热压辊控制温度：90℃，第二热压辊控制温度：90℃，热压控制压力：0.4MPa，冷却工艺参数：复合板冷却后板面温度为50℃（红外测器测温）。
实例2
PE                  80Kg                
PP                  25Kg
改性纳米碳酸钙       6Kg                
过氧化二异丙苯      0.6Kg
三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯1Kg    
四[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯    0.15Kg
（1）、将硅烷偶联剂与溶液（水/乙醇体积比为1:5）混合均匀；
（2）、将碳酸钙与7%质量比的硅烷偶联剂溶液混合均匀，在80℃的条件下，真空干燥13小时，制得改性纳米碳酸钙；
（3）、按配方称取所需的质量；
（4）、将PE/PP、过氧化二异丙苯、三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯、四(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯置于机械搅拌釜内搅拌6分钟，并且控制温度150℃，在250r/min转速下搅拌9分钟，搅拌均匀后的塑料颗粒由真空吸料机吸进单螺杆挤出机的料斗，塑料颗粒在经过常规的加料段、熔融段、均化段后，被混合塑化均匀，通过螺杆从挤出机口模挤出。从两台单螺杆挤出机口模出来的塑料熔体汇集于同一料筒，流入T型模头，T型模头出口温度控制在196℃，通过调节挤出板材的模头宽度的大小来成型塑料芯板，芯板出T模温度为180℃。挤出的塑料芯板按照常规铝塑复合板的复合工艺依次经过上下复合高分子粘结膜和表面处理过的铝卷，并且第一复合辊控制温度：93℃，第二复合辊控制温度：134℃，第一热压辊控制温度：110℃，第二热压辊控制温度：96℃，热压控制压力：0.6MPa，冷却工艺参数：复合板冷却后板面温度为53℃（红外测器测温）。
实例3
PE                  80Kg                
PP                  27Kg
改性纳米碳酸钙       6Kg                
过氧化二异丙苯      0.7Kg
三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯1.2Kg    
四[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯         0.25Kg
（1）、将硅烷偶联剂与溶液（水/乙醇体积比为1:5）混合均匀；
（2）、将碳酸钙与8%质量比的硅烷偶联剂溶液混合均匀，在80℃的条件下，真空干燥15小时，制得改性纳米碳酸钙；
（3）、按配方称取所需的质量；
（4）、将PE/PP、过氧化二异丙苯、三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯、四(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯置于机械搅拌釜内搅拌6分钟，并且控制温度160℃，在300r/min转速下搅拌10分钟，搅拌均匀后的塑料颗粒由真空吸料机吸进单螺杆挤出机的料斗，塑料颗粒在经过常规的加料段、熔融段、均化段后，被混合塑化均匀，通过螺杆从挤出机口模挤出。从两台单螺杆挤出机口模出来的塑料熔体汇集于同一料筒，流入T型模头，T型模头出口温度控制在200℃，通过调节挤出板材的模头宽度的大小来成型塑料芯板，芯板出T模温度为182℃。挤出的塑料芯板按照常规铝塑复合板的复合工艺依次经过上下复合高分子粘结膜和表面处理过的铝卷，并且第一复合辊控制温度： 100℃，第二复合辊控制温度： 160℃，第一热压辊控制温度： 120℃，第二热压辊控制温度： 99℃，热压控制压力： 0.8MPa，冷却工艺参数：复合板冷却后板面温度为52℃（红外测器测温）。
按国家标准GB/T 17748-2008进行检测，其检测结果如下表：
Figure 2013106965390100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001

Claims (6)

1.一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材，芯层由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：
PE                                              80
  PP                                             20-30
改性纳米碳酸钙                                   5-10
  过氧化二异丙苯                                   0.3-0.8
三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯                              1-1.5
四[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯        0.1-0.3。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材，芯层由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：
PE                                              80
  PP                                             25-30
改性纳米碳酸钙                                   8-10
  过氧化二异丙苯                                   0.5-0.7
三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯                              1-1.2
四[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯        0.1-0.2 。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材，芯层由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：
   PE                                             80
 PP                                             28
改性纳米碳酸钙                                   8
  过氧化二异丙苯                                   0.5
三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯                              1
四[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯         0.15。
4.根据权利要求1-3之一所述的一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材，其特征在于所述的改性纳米碳酸钙粒径为30-50nm，由硅烷偶联剂与纳米碳酸钙混合，真空干燥而制得；所述的硅烷偶联剂为γ-氯丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
5. 根据权利要求1-3之一所述的一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材，其特征在于其制备过程为：
（1）、将硅烷偶联剂与溶液混合均匀；所述溶液为水和乙醇的混合溶液，水和乙醇的体积比为1:4-6； 
（2）、将碳酸钙与5%-8%质量比的硅烷偶联剂溶液混合均匀（质量比为1:10-1:15），在60-90℃的条件下，真空干燥12-16小时，制得改性纳米碳酸钙；
（3）、按配方称取所需的质量；
（4）、将PE/PP、过氧化二异丙苯、改性纳米碳酸钙、三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯、四[β- (3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯置于机械搅拌釜内搅拌5-8分钟， 并且控制温度100℃-160℃，在200-300r/min转速下搅拌8-10分钟，搅拌均匀后的塑料颗粒由真空吸料机吸进单螺杆挤出机的料斗，塑料颗粒在经过常规的加料段、熔融段、均化段后，被混合塑化均匀，通过螺杆从挤出机口模挤出，从两台单螺杆挤出机口模出来的塑料熔体汇集于同一料筒，流入T型模头，T型模头出口温度控制在190-200℃，通过调节挤出板材的模头宽度的大小来成型塑料芯板，芯板出T模温度≥175℃，挤出的塑料芯板按照常规铝塑复合板的复合工艺依次经过上下复合高分子粘结膜和表面处理过的铝卷，并且第一复合辊控制温度：90℃-100℃，第二复合辊控制温度：130℃-160℃，第一热压辊控制温度：90℃-120℃，第二热压辊控制温度：90℃-99℃，热压控制压力：0.2-0.8MPa，然后冷却制得。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种高刚性和高弯曲强度的铝塑复合板材，其特征在于所述的表面处理过的铝卷通过脱脂、酸洗、碱洗、铬化得到的。
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