CN103704519A - Chinese herbal anti-disease feed additive for prawns and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Chinese herbal anti-disease feed additive for prawns and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Chinese herbal anti-disease feed additive for prawns and a preparation method thereof. The Chinese herbal anti-disease feed additive is characterized by being prepared by mixing a composition A with a composition B, wherein the composition A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7-8 parts of honeysuckle, 7-8 parts of houttuynia cordata, 6-7 parts of isatis root, 5-6 parts of astragalus root, 5 parts of radix rehmanniae, 5-6 parts of scutellaria baicalensis and 3-4 parts of licorice; the composition B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 13-15 parts of shrimp shell meal, 11-12 parts of peanut bran powder, 7-8 parts of squid visceral meal and 9-10 parts of squid paste. The Chinese herbal anti-disease feed additive for prawns provided by the invention can reinforce the body immunity and the resistance to disease of prawns and improve the survival rate of prawns and has a good anti-disease effect on taura syndrome virus (TSV), white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV), and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive and preparation method thereof.Belong to feeding additive aquatic animal technical field,
Background technology
China's shrimp culture industry development is in recent years swift and violent, the one, cultured area expands, the 2nd, cultivation density improves, according to statistics, within 2010, national prawn culturing total output is 134.8 ten thousand tons, and within 2011, national prawn culturing total output is 1,560,000 tons, within 2012, reaches 160.8 ten thousand tons, become the country that prawn culturing is largest, account for nearly 5 one-tenth of world's cultivation total output.But, expansion year by year along with cultivation scale, cultivation water environment is caused to larger impact, the disease that causes current breeding process to occur increases, prawn ' s virus class disease particularly, easily cross infection, disease diffusion is fast, present stage is not also found the method that can effectively control processing, to prawn culturing, brings compared with deathblow, and economic loss is heavy.For this viroid disease, people are constantly studying the solution of prevention and control and treatment always.
Using Chinese herbal medicine as feed addictive, be applied to and improve prawn premunition aspect, have natural, efficient, toxic and side effect is little, the resistance to the action of a drug not significantly, noresidue, do not destroy the plurality of advantages such as ecological environment, become a kind of development trend.The disclosed Chinese herbal feed additive of prior art, also there is part not fully up to expectations in the effect that is applied to prawn culturing.In application, majority is that Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant additive is just directly added in feed after compatibility is pulverized, and is unfavorable for that the utilization of prawn absorbs, and also affects the palatability of feed.The extraction process that some employings are quite complicated, use cost is very high, is difficult to apply.In addition, in order to tackle virus complicated and changeable and mutation, the selection of Chinese herbal medicine material compatibility also needs to adapt with it.Therefore, be necessary that the technology that existing Chinese herbal medicine is applied to prawn feed carries out necessary improvement and supplement.
Summary of the invention
One of object of the present invention, is in order to make up the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive is provided.The present invention overcomes the weak point that existing prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant additive exists, and solves the disease problem occurring in prawn culturing process.
Two of object of the present invention, is in order to make up the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of preparation method of prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive is provided.
One of object of the present invention can be by adopting following technical scheme to reach:
A prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive, is characterized in that: by composition A and composition B, be mixed; By mass parts, composition A and composition B comprise respectively following composition:
1) composition A, the mass parts of each material in additive is: honeysuckle 7-8 part, cordate houttuynia 7-8 part, Radix Isatidis 6-7 part, Radix Astragali 5-6 part, dried rhizome of rehmannia 5-part, root of large-flowered skullcap 5-6 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3-4 part;
2) composition B, the mass parts of each material in additive is: shrimp shell meal 13-15 part, peanut press pulp powder 11-12 part, squid visceral meal 7-8 part, cuttlefish cream 9-10 part.
One of object of the present invention can also be by adopting following technical scheme to reach:
Further, the honeysuckle of described composition A, cordate houttuynia, Radix Isatidis, the Radix Astragali, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, the root of large-flowered skullcap, Radix Glycyrrhizae were pulverized 100 mesh sieves, added water and stirred high temperature decoction; The shrimp shell meal of described composition B, peanut press pulp powder, squid visceral meal are crushed to 100-150 order, and cuttlefish cream is crossed 100 mesh sieves, add water and stir high temperature decoction; After above-mentioned composition A and composition B mix, add the papain of 0.0015-0.002 part unit of activity more than 500,000 u, after stirring, liquid is taken out through colloid mill and presses the discharging of 100-150 order fineness, be cooled to normal temperature and obtain described prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive.
Further, the addition that described additive is used in prawn mixed feed is 0.5-1.2%.
Further, the water content of described cuttlefish cream is 35-45%.
Two of object of the present invention can be by adopting following technical scheme to reach:
A preparation method for prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive, is characterized in that, in accordance with the following steps preparation:
1) by mass parts, by honeysuckle 7-8 part, cordate houttuynia 7-8 part, Radix Isatidis 6-7 part, Radix Astragali 5-6 part, dried rhizome of rehmannia 5-6 part, root of large-flowered skullcap 5-6 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3-4 part totally seven kinds of Chinese herbal medicines wear into fine powder, add with in the reactor stirring, add 50-70 part water, stir and start heat temperature raising, in 1.5-2 hour, be warming up to 100-103 ℃, after constant temperature 1.5-2 hour, cool to 60 ℃, obtain A liquid;
2), by mass parts, in the reactor with stirring, add 13-15 part shrimp shell meal, 11-12 part peanut press pulp powder, 7-8 part squid visceral meal; 9-10 part cuttlefish cream adds 60-70 part water and mixes, and excessively after 100 order cloth screens, adds together again; Stir and start heat temperature raising, in 1.5-2 hour, be warming up to 105-110 ℃, after constant temperature 6-9 hour, cool to 60 ℃, obtain B liquid;
3) by mass parts, get 1 part of A liquid, 1 part of B liquid mixes in the reactor with stirring, temperature is controlled at 50-55 ℃, adds the papain of 0.0015-0.002 part unit of activity more than 500,000 u, and constant temperature stirs 6-9 hour; Liquid is taken out, through colloid mill, be cooled to normal temperature and be finished product.
Two of object of the present invention can also be by adopting following technical scheme to reach:
Further, described honeysuckle, cordate houttuynia, Radix Isatidis, the Radix Astragali, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, the root of large-flowered skullcap, Radix Glycyrrhizae were pulverized 100 mesh sieves; Shrimp shell meal, peanut press pulp powder, squid visceral meal are crushed to 100-150 order, and cuttlefish cream is crossed 100 mesh sieves; Colloid mill discharge fineness is at 100-150 order.
The present invention has following outstanding beneficial effect:
1, the prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive the present invention relates to can strengthen immunity of organism, the premunition of prawn, improve survival rate, taura syndrome virus (TSV), white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), infectious subcutaneous and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) etc. are had to good disease resisting effect.
2, after the present invention's Chinese herbal medicine compatibility used, through high temperature, decoct, drug effect than directly through pulverize add more obvious.After Chinese herbal medicine decocting again with the mixed culture fermentation such as shrimp shell meal, peanut press pulp powder, squid visceral meal, cuttlefish cream, can improve the palatability of prawn mixed feed, strengthen attractant.
3, herbal raw material of the present invention is originated abundantly at home, and price steadiness is cheap; Shrimp shell meal used, peanut press pulp powder, squid visceral meal, cuttlefish cream etc. are the discarded objects of processing of aquatic products or processing of farm products, steady sources.Make like this present invention efficiently to utilize resource material, realize the high performance-price ratio of product.
The specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Specific embodiment 1:
The present embodiment 1 is mixed by composition A and composition B; By mass parts, composition A and composition B comprise respectively following composition: 1) composition A, and the mass parts of each material in additive is: honeysuckle 7-8 part, cordate houttuynia 7-8 part, Radix Isatidis 6-7 part, Radix Astragali 5-6 part, dried rhizome of rehmannia 5-part, root of large-flowered skullcap 5-6 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3-4 part; 2) composition B, the mass parts of each material in additive is: shrimp shell meal 13-15 part, peanut press pulp powder 11-12 part, squid visceral meal 7-8 part, cuttlefish cream 9-10 part.
In the present embodiment: the addition that described additive is used in prawn mixed feed is 0.5-1.2%.The water content of described cuttlefish cream is 35-45%.
The preparation method of the present embodiment, comprises the steps:
1) by mass parts, by honeysuckle 7-8 part, cordate houttuynia 7-8 part, Radix Isatidis 6-7 part, Radix Astragali 5-6 part, dried rhizome of rehmannia 5-6 part, root of large-flowered skullcap 5-6 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3-4 part totally seven kinds of Chinese herbal medicines wear into fine powder, add with in the reactor stirring, add 50-70 part water, stir and start heat temperature raising, in 1.5-2 hour, be warming up to 100-103 ℃, after constant temperature 1.5-2 hour, cool to 60 ℃, obtain A liquid;
2), by mass parts, in the reactor with stirring, add 13-15 part shrimp shell meal, 11-12 part peanut press pulp powder, 7-8 part squid visceral meal; 9-10 part cuttlefish cream adds 60-70 part water and mixes, and excessively after 100 order cloth screens, adds together again; Stir and start heat temperature raising, in 1.5-2 hour, be warming up to 105-110 ℃, after constant temperature 6-9 hour, cool to 60 ℃, obtain B liquid;
3) by mass parts, get 1 part of A liquid, 1 part of B liquid mixes in the reactor with stirring, temperature is controlled at 50-55 ℃, adds the papain of 0.0015-0.002 part unit of activity more than 500,000 u, and constant temperature stirs 6-9 hour; Liquid is taken out, through colloid mill, be cooled to normal temperature and be finished product.
For example:
1) seven kinds of Chinese herbal medicines such as 8 kilograms of honeysuckles, 8 kilograms of cordate houttuynias, 7 kilograms of Radix Isatidis, 6 kilograms of the Radixs Astragali, 6 kilograms, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, 6 kilograms of the roots of large-flowered skullcap, 4 kilograms, Radix Glycyrrhizae are worn into fine powder (crossing 100 mesh sieves), add in the reactor of band stirring, add 70 kg of water, stir and start heat temperature raising, in 2 hours, be warming up to 100 ℃, constant temperature 2 hours.Cool to 60 ℃, obtain A liquid;
2) in the reactor stirring at band, add 15 kilograms of shrimp shell meals, 12 kilograms of peanut press pulp powder, 8 kilograms of squid visceral meals (being crushed to 100-150 order).10 kilograms of cuttlefish cream (water content 40% left and right) add 70 kg of water and mix, and excessively after 100 order cloth screens, add together again, stir and start heat temperature raising, are warming up to 105 ℃, constant temperature 9 hours in 2 hours.Cool to 60 ℃, obtain B liquid;
3) get in the reactor that 100 kilograms of A liquid, 100 kilograms of B liquid stir at band and mix, temperature is controlled at 50 ℃, adds the papain of 0.2 kilogram of unit of activity more than 500,000 u, and constant temperature stirs 9 hours.Liquid is taken out, through colloid mill, be cooled to normal temperature and be finished product.Colloid mill discharge fineness is 150 orders.
Specific embodiment 2:
The feature of the present embodiment 2 is:
1) seven kinds of Chinese herbal medicines such as 7.5 kilograms of honeysuckles, 7.5 kilograms of cordate houttuynias, 6.5 kilograms of Radix Isatidis, 5 kilograms of the Radixs Astragali, 5 kilograms, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, 5 kilograms of the roots of large-flowered skullcap, 3 kilograms, Radix Glycyrrhizae are worn into fine powder (crossing 100 mesh sieves), add in the reactor of band stirring, add 65 kg of water, stir and start heat temperature raising, in 1.5 hours, be warming up to 103 ℃, constant temperature 1.5 hours.Cool to 60 ℃, obtain A liquid.
2) in the reactor stirring at band, add 14 kilograms of shrimp shell meals, 11.5 kilograms of peanut press pulp powder, 7.5 kilograms of squid visceral meals (being crushed to 100-150 order).9.5 kilograms of cuttlefish cream (water content 40% left and right) add 65 kg of water and mix, and excessively after 100 order cloth screens, add together again, stir and start heat temperature raising, are warming up to 110 ℃, constant temperature 7 hours in 1.5 hours.Cool to 60 ℃, obtain B liquid;
3) get in the reactor that 100 kilograms of A liquid, 100 kilograms of B liquid stir at band and mix, temperature is controlled at 53 ℃, adds the papain of 0.17 kilogram of unit of activity more than 500,000 u, and constant temperature stirs 7 hours.Liquid is taken out, through colloid mill, be cooled to normal temperature and be finished product.Colloid mill discharge fineness is 100 orders.
All the other are with specific embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment 3:
The feature of the present embodiment 3 is:
1) seven kinds of Chinese herbal medicines such as 7 kilograms of honeysuckles, 7 kilograms of cordate houttuynias, 6 kilograms of Radix Isatidis, 5 kilograms of the Radixs Astragali, 5 kilograms, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, 5 kilograms of the roots of large-flowered skullcap, 3 kilograms, Radix Glycyrrhizae are worn into fine powder (crossing 100 mesh sieves), add in the reactor of band stirring, add 60 kg of water, stir and start heat temperature raising, in 1.5 hours, be warming up to 103 ℃, constant temperature 1.5 hours.Cool to 60 ℃, obtain A liquid;
2) in the reactor stirring at band, add 13 kilograms of shrimp shell meals, 11 kilograms of peanut press pulp powder, 7 kilograms of squid visceral meals (being crushed to 100-150 order).9 kilograms of cuttlefish cream (water content 40% left and right) add 60 kg of water and mix, and excessively after 100 order cloth screens, add together again, stir and start heat temperature raising, are warming up to 110 ℃, constant temperature 6 hours in 1.5 hours.Cool to 60 ℃, obtain B liquid;
3) get in the reactor that 100 kilograms of A liquid, 100 kilograms of B liquid stir at band and mix, temperature is controlled at 55 ℃, adds the papain of 0.15 kilogram of unit of activity more than 500,000 u, and constant temperature stirs 6 hours.Liquid is taken out, through colloid mill, be cooled to normal temperature and be finished product.Colloid mill discharge fineness is 100 orders.
The prawn feed additive that above-described embodiment makes can add in prawn mixed feed process for granulation process, can strengthen the immunity of organisms of prawn, improves cultivation survival rate, and various virus type diseases are had to good resistant effect.Can also add as the active ingredient of forage protein and the effect of food calling.The use of also can throwing something and feeding again when throwing something and feeding and after commercial feed spice of this additive.As feed addictive, in the production process of prawn mixed feed, use, addition is 0.5-1.2%, also can, by the part by weight of 1:125, before throwing something and feeding, throw something and feed with feed mixing again.
Culture experiment: above-mentioned prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive is joined to spice in the general goods shrimp feed that our company produces in the ratio of 1:125, carry out culture experiment.Control group is not for adding the same model general goods shrimp feed of Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive.Select health, specification evenly, initial weight is about the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low of 0.47 gram and tests; According to 3 embodiment and 1 control group, carry out check experiment, every kind of situation arranges again 4 samples; Each Glass fibre reinforced plastic tub (300 liters) is put prawn 40 tails in a suitable place to breed, culture experiment 8 weeks by a definite date, and all the other term harmonizations except feed, the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low cultivation of embodiment and control group the results are shown in following table:
| Group | Initial weight (g) | End heavy (g) | Rate of body weight gain (%) | Feed coefficient | Survival rate (%) |
| Control group | 0.47 | 11.68 | 2366.4 | 1.44 b | 66.3 a |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.47 | 11.95 | 2426.5 | 1.18 a | 90.0 b |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.47 | 11.93 | 2424.3 | 1.20 a | 89.4 b |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.47 | 11.72 | 2376.3 | 1.22 a | 88.8 b |
Experimental result shows, embodiment respectively organizes rate of body weight gain a little more than control group, but group difference not significantly (P>0.05); And the survival rate of each group of embodiment is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), feed coefficient is significantly lower than control group (P<0.05), survival rate and feed coefficient difference not significantly (P>0.05) between each group of embodiment.
Experimental result shows that prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive prepared by the present invention, to strengthening prawn premunition, improves survival rate and has significant effect, also can significantly reduce feed coefficient, thereby reduce prawn culturing cost.
Prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive disclosed by the invention takes full advantage of the characteristic that Chinese medicinal herbs has, and is carried out reasonable compatibility.Described Chinese medicine is commercially available Chinese medicinal herbs, wherein: the chemical composition of honeysuckle comprises chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid, cupreol, stigmasterol, cupreol-D-Glucose glucoside, stigmasterol-D-Glucose glucoside etc., the effect such as the resisting pathogenic microbes having, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic, booster immunization function, antiendotoxin has been proved and has been widely used; In cordate houttuynia, active ingredient is decanoyl acetaldehyde and lauryl aldehyde etc., have and improve the immunity of body, the effect such as antibacterial, antiviral, and toxicity is very low, has been widely used in people and animals' animal pharmaceuticals; Radix Isatidis is all inhibited to various bacteria and virus, and in the infectious disease of people and animals animal is controlled, effect is good; In addition the medicinal material such as the Radix Astragali, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, the root of large-flowered skullcap and Radix Glycyrrhizae all has certain antiviral, antimycotic, effect of regulating body immune system.In addition, additive of the present invention is by the composition B adding, and the active ingredient of measuring after deliberation its nutriment aspect is: protein is greater than 8.5%, and total amino acid is greater than 7.5%, and lysine is greater than 0.45%, and methionine is greater than 0.15%.The prawn feed additive that composition A and composition B form by reactions such as hydrolysis, decoction, polymerization, chelating and fermentations has been taken into account the palatability of premunition and feed.
Claims (6)
1. a prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive, is characterized in that: by composition A and composition B, be mixed; By mass parts, composition A and composition B comprise respectively following composition:
1) composition A, the mass parts of each material in additive is: honeysuckle 7-8 part, cordate houttuynia 7-8 part, Radix Isatidis 6-7 part, Radix Astragali 5-6 part, dried rhizome of rehmannia 5-part, root of large-flowered skullcap 5-6 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3-4 part;
2) composition B, the mass parts of each material in additive is: shrimp shell meal 13-15 part, peanut press pulp powder 11-12 part, squid visceral meal 7-8 part, cuttlefish cream 9-10 part.
2. a kind of prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the honeysuckle of described composition A, cordate houttuynia, Radix Isatidis, the Radix Astragali, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, the root of large-flowered skullcap, Radix Glycyrrhizae were pulverized 100 mesh sieves, adds water and stirs high temperature decoction; The shrimp shell meal of described composition B, peanut press pulp powder, squid visceral meal are crushed to 100-150 order, and cuttlefish cream is crossed 100 mesh sieves, add water and stir high temperature decoction; After above-mentioned composition A and composition B mix, add the papain of 0.0015-0.002 part unit of activity more than 500,000 u, after stirring, liquid is taken out through colloid mill and presses the discharging of 100-150 order fineness, be cooled to normal temperature and obtain described prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive.
3. a kind of prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the addition that described additive is used in prawn mixed feed is 0.5-1.2%.
4. a kind of prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the water content of described cuttlefish cream is 35-45%.
5. as the preparation method of a claim 1 prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive, it is characterized in that: preparation in accordance with the following steps:
1) by mass parts, by honeysuckle 7-8 part, cordate houttuynia 7-8 part, Radix Isatidis 6-7 part, Radix Astragali 5-6 part, dried rhizome of rehmannia 5-6 part, root of large-flowered skullcap 5-6 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3-4 part totally seven kinds of Chinese herbal medicines wear into fine powder, add with in the reactor stirring, add 50-70 part water, stir and start heat temperature raising, in 1.5-2 hour, be warming up to 100-103 ℃, after constant temperature 1.5-2 hour, cool to 60 ℃, obtain A liquid;
2), by mass parts, in the reactor with stirring, add 13-15 part shrimp shell meal, 11-12 part peanut press pulp powder, 7-8 part squid visceral meal; 9-10 part cuttlefish cream adds 60-70 part water and mixes, and excessively after 100 order cloth screens, adds together again; Stir and start heat temperature raising, in 1.5-2 hour, be warming up to 105-110 ℃, after constant temperature 6-9 hour, cool to 60 ℃, obtain B liquid;
3) by mass parts, get 1 part of A liquid, 1 part of B liquid mixes in the reactor with stirring, temperature is controlled at 50-55 ℃, adds the papain of 0.0015-0.002 part unit of activity more than 500,000 u, and constant temperature stirs 6-9 hour; Liquid is taken out, through colloid mill, be cooled to normal temperature and be finished product.
6. as the preparation method of a claim 5 prawn Chinese herbal medicine disease-resistant feed additive, it is characterized in that: described honeysuckle, cordate houttuynia, Radix Isatidis, the Radix Astragali, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, the root of large-flowered skullcap, Radix Glycyrrhizae were pulverized 100 mesh sieves; Shrimp shell meal, peanut press pulp powder, squid visceral meal are crushed to 100-150 order, and cuttlefish cream is crossed 100 mesh sieves; Colloid mill discharge fineness is at 100-150 order.
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