CN103702743A - Method for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of a furnace during the thermal treatment of materials and furnace operated according to said method - Google Patents

Method for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of a furnace during the thermal treatment of materials and furnace operated according to said method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103702743A
CN103702743A CN201280019785.6A CN201280019785A CN103702743A CN 103702743 A CN103702743 A CN 103702743A CN 201280019785 A CN201280019785 A CN 201280019785A CN 103702743 A CN103702743 A CN 103702743A
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China
Prior art keywords
reagent
waste gas
content
temperature
stove
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CN201280019785.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
维克托·尤阿迪·里索纳尔塔
马库斯·阿贝尔
米歇尔·海因
亚历山大·米勒
穆罕默德·法提赫·格克斯
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/30—Controlling by gas-analysis apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/565—Nitrogen oxides by treating the gases with solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/202—Hydrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/204—Carbon monoxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/208—Hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0233—Other waste gases from cement factories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/025—Other waste gases from metallurgy plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas (OG) of a furnace during the thermal treatment of materials in at least the indirect presence of oxygen and nitrogen, in particular when melting ferrous starting materials in an arc furnace, and to a furnace operated according to said method, wherein an agent (A) acting in a reducing manner and/or reacting with oxygen in a competing reaction is supplied to the exhaust gas (OG).

Description

For in the heat treatment of material, reduce the nitrogen oxide in the waste gas of stove discharge capacity method and according to the stove of the method operation
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly for the heat treatment at least indirectly there is the material of oxygen and nitrogen, while particularly melting the raw material of iron content in electric arc furnaces, be reduced in the method for the discharge capacity of the nitrogen oxide in the waste gas of stove.In addition the invention still further relates to a kind of stove with the method operation.
Background technology
In the heat treatment of material that at least indirectly has oxygen and nitrogen, for example melting waste steel, DRI(in electric arc furnaces direct reduced iron DRI) or HBI( hot briquetted iron briquette iron by hot molding), time, when surpassing 1000 ℃, temperature forms nitrogen oxide NO x.So this so-called thermal oxide nitrogen NO xgeneration both can directly in heat size device, self carry out, when the waste gas of being discharged by heat size device at high temperature mixes surrounding air, also can in waste gas, occur, this is as being the situation in electric arc furnaces for example.In other words: in heat treatment, at least indirectly, at least in waste gas, at high temperature have oxygen and nitrogen, so that produce hot nitrogen oxide NO xand in arrival surrounding environment.These nitrogen oxides NO xharmful to environment in poisonous gas; these gases not only directly jeopardize health; and in addition as causing that greenhouse gases causes global greenhouse effect, like this for the reason of environmental protection, should avoid the discharge of the nitrogen oxide that produces in technical process as far as possible.
Summary of the invention
Therefore the object of the invention is to, propose a kind of method of the discharge capacity for reducing the nitrogen oxide in waste gas, this waste gas produces during the course, at least indirectly exists the material of oxygen and nitrogen to be at high temperature heat-treated in stove in this process.In addition the object of the invention is to propose a kind of stove with the method operation.
About the method above-mentioned purpose, by a kind of method with the feature of claim 1, realize.In the method to waste gas supply with at least one rise reduction and/or at least one in competitive reaction with the reagent of oxygen reaction.Oxide that transport together in waste gas in both cases or that at high temperature directly produced by air supply or oxygen after stove in waste gas is reduced or chemical balance is shifted to be unfavorable for by decompose oxygen in competitive reaction the generation of nitrogen oxide.By the dosage of this reagent, this reagent relates to the compound of a kind of material or different materials, therefore the discharge capacity of oxide is obviously reduced.
The method is specially adapted to the processing of waste gas, and this waste gas produces in old metal fusing in electric arc furnaces.Substantially the method is also applicable to material other metals or nonmetallic and stands therein to surpass the exhaust-gas treatment in the heat treatment process of 500 ℃ of temperature.These are for example when steel-making, to obtain the stove of use, for example LD converter, ladle refining furnace, chill mould, reheating furnace or blast furnace.Same the method can be applicable to the processing of waste gas, and this waste gas is hankered producing or producing in so-called bell-type annealing furnace in adding again of steel ingot in sintering furnace, in rolling mill, for example produces ceramic material in this bell-type annealing furnace.Same the method can be applicable to cement industry, coal-burning power plant, chemical plant and petroleum and natural gas industry.
To this addedly, this reagent also can additionally directly import in the heat size device of stove.
Preferably, by least one element in the group from C, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb with the form of simple substance or using and supply with as reagent with the form of the another kind of element chemical combination of this group.
To this alternately or addedly, also can supply with hydrogen H 2, carbon monoxide CO, methane CH 4or urea CO (NH) 2or the gaseous mixture of these gases.These elements or gas are as for nitric oxide NO and nitrous oxide N 2the reducing agent of O and working, this is because nitric oxide NO and nitrous oxide N 2the Gibbs free energy of a kind of reduction reaction in O and this element or gas is particularly being born in the associated temperature scope between 1000 and 2000 ℃, and wherein this reduction reaction is also not occur in the situation that there is no catalyst.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, exemplarily described under temperature T for selected reduction reaction with KJ/mol nOor KJ/mol n2Ogibbs free energy g(Gibbs energy or free enthalpy for unit).
In addition Elements C, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb are oxidized in the competitive reaction with oxygen, and make by this way chemical balance to being unfavorable for nitrogen oxide NO xform ground mobile.For the competitive reaction with oxygen, in the favourable temperature range of Gibbs free energy between 1000 and 2000 ℃, bear equally, this is as drawing in Fig. 3.
In this external preferred design, when supplying with the additional solid material with catalytic action, particularly dust, sand, potassium K, sodium Na, iron Fe, calcium Ca or a calcium oxide CaO to this waste gas, this reacts catalyzed acceleration.
In another favourable design of the present invention, measure the content of oxide in waste gas, and follow according to the content of this waste gas on the flow direction of waste gas, see and particularly after sample position, carry out dosage reagent.
To this alternately or addedly, also can measure hydrogen H in waste gas 2, carbon monoxide CO, methane CH 4or urea CO (NH) 2content, this content in waste gas, particularly especially can dosage reagent after sample position at the flow direction of waste gas according to the content of this waste gas lower than the content of predetermined value or nitrogen oxide during higher than predetermined value for each nitrogen oxide.
In another design of the present invention, in addition when temperature surpasses predetermined value, preferably 500 ℃, particularly 1000 ℃ time, just can carry out the dosage of reagent, because then reaction power can accelerate and reaction meeting occurs with extra high speed.
About stove, this object realizes by having the stove of the feature of claim 10 according to the present invention.In the dependent claims of the favourable design of this stove after coming this claim, provide.In addition about the advantage of the claim of this stove by meaning the advantage given with corresponding respectively claim to a method corresponding.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Other explanations of the present invention can be with reference to accompanying drawing.It illustrates:
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are respectively charts, describe the Gibbs free energy g for reacting with nitrogen oxide under temperature T according to reagent used in the present invention in this chart,
Fig. 3 is a chart, describes the Gibbs free energy g for reacting with oxygen under temperature T according to reagent used in the present invention in this chart,
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram according to stove of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
According to Fig. 4, for the heat treated stove of material, for example relate to electric arc furnaces, it comprises heat size device 2, the raw material of iron content in this container, for example steel scrap, DRI or HBI, melt by the electric arc burning between electrode 4 and steel scrap, wherein by fused mass 6, forms molten slag layer 8.By shaft 10, in heat size device 2, add the additive for fusion process, for example oxygen O or carbon C.
The waste gas OG producing in fusing derives by the flue gas leading 12 being connected on stove container 2, and for dedusting, imports in the centrifugal collector not illustrating in the figure.Flue gas leading 12 comprises sleeve pipe 14, and this sleeve pipe leads to for 15 times in supervisor 16 in reservation annular gap.By annular gap 15, suck outside air A, this outside air import for after-flame, at waste gas OG, together transport material.
At high temperature owing to there is nitrogen N and oxygen O, not only in stove container 2 self and also in flue gas leading 12, produce nitrogen oxide NO x, this nitrogen oxide does not arrive in atmosphere under there is no other measure situations that reduce nitrogen oxide.
Sampler 18 is connected on flue gas leading 12, by this sampler, at least one sample point, gaseous sample SG is taken out from waste gas OG, and is transported to analytical equipment 20, in this analytical equipment according to nitrogen oxide NO xand/or hydrogen H 2, carbon monoxide CO, methane CH 4or urea CO (NH) 2content analysis gaseous sample SG.In addition utilize temperature measuring equipment 22 in the temperature T of the position measurement waste gas OG of sampling.The measured value M being determined by analytical equipment 20 and the temperature T of being determined by temperature measuring equipment 22 are sent to control device 24 places, in this control device, according to measured value M and temperature T, generate the control signal S1 for dosing mechanism 26, this dosing mechanism is connected on flue gas leading 12 by feed pipe 28.The feed pipe 28 that flue gas leading 12 is led in utilization has been supplied with reagent R reduction or that react in competitive reaction to waste gas OG.
Therefore the amount of being supplied with to waste gas OG in each unit interval by dosing mechanism 26 depends on the concentration of the above-mentioned material existing at sampled point in waste gas OG.Particularly when temperature T surpass a predetermined value, particularly 500 ℃ time, and the NO in waste gas OG additionally xcontent surpasses predetermined value or the methane CH in waste gas OG 4or carbon monoxide CO or hydrogen H 2or urea CO (NH) 2content lower than or while being no more than predetermined value, just can produce the control signal S1 that dosage plays reagent R reduction or that react in competitive reaction.In other words: when temperature T is during lower than predetermined value, in the method is used, can not carry out the dosage of reagent R.
At the flow direction of waste gas OG, sample point is before this point in this example, and feed pipe 28 passes into flue gas leading 12 at this electricity.In principle, a reverse layout is also admissible, controls in this arrangement the supply of reagent R, so that nitrogen oxide NO for example xcontent in the region of sample point, be minimum.
In the measure of the design according to the present invention to waste gas OG supplied with reduction and/or in competitive reaction with the reagent R of oxygen reaction, except this measure, such reagent R also can directly import in heat size device 2 by passing into another feed pipe 30 of heat size device 2.By control device 24, produce control signal S2 for this reason, utilize this control device to control and be connected to another dosing mechanism 32 on stove container 2 by another feed pipe 30.Particularly when temperature T in waste gas OG surpasses predetermined value, and the NO in waste gas OG additionally xcontent surpass predetermined value or the methane CH in waste gas OG 4or carbon monoxide CO or hydrogen H 2or urea CO (NH) 2content during lower than predetermined value, play in this case reagent R reduction or that react and just can preferably import to heat size device in competitive reaction.

Claims (14)

1. one kind for the heat treatment at least indirectly there is the material of oxygen and nitrogen, while particularly melting the raw material of iron content in electric arc furnaces, be reduced in the method for the discharge capacity of the nitrogen oxide in the waste gas (OG) of stove, in described method, to described waste gas (OG), supply with at least one plays reduction and/or at least one reagent reacting with oxygen (R) in competitive reaction.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, additionally directly imports described reagent (R) in the heat size device (2) of described stove.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, by least one element in the group from C, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb with the form of simple substance or using and supply with as described reagent (R) with the form of the another kind of element chemical combination of described group.
4. according to the method described in claim 1,2 or 3, wherein, will be from hydrogen H 2, carbon monoxide CO, methane CH 4or urea CO (NH) 2group at least one gas as described reagent (R), supply with.
5. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein, additionally supply with the solid material that plays catalytic action that described reduction reaction or described competitive reaction are accelerated.
6. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein at least one sample point, measure content and/or the hydrogen H of the nitrogen oxide in described waste gas (OG) 2, carbon monoxide CO, methane CH 4or urea CO (NH) 2content, and give reagent (R) described in described waste gas (OG) dosage according to described content.
7. method according to claim 6, wherein, only works as described content and/or the hydrogen H of the nitrogen oxide in described waste gas (OG) 2, carbon monoxide CO, methane CH 4or urea CO (NH) 2described content surpass or during lower than predetermined value, just understand reagent (R) described in dosage.
8. according to the method described in claim 6 or 7, wherein, the temperature (T) at waste gas (OG) described in the position measurement of sampling, when described temperature surpasses predetermined value, just can realize the dosage to described reagent (R).
9. according to the method described in any one in claim 6 to 8, wherein, at the flow direction of described waste gas (OG), after described sample point, carry out described dosage.
10. the heat treated stove for material, electric arc furnaces particularly, have the flue gas leading (12) being connected on heat size device (2) and the feed pipe (28) that passes into described flue gas leading (12), described feed pipe plays described reagent (R) reduction and/or that at least one reacts with oxygen in competitive reaction for supplying with at least one according to claim 1 to 4 any one.
11. stoves according to claim 10, have pass into described heat size device (2), for supplying with another feed pipe (30) of described reagent (R).
12. according to the stove described in claim 10 or 11, have be connected on described flue gas leading (12), for gaseous sample (SG) being supplied to the sampler (18) that analytical equipment (20) is located, described analytical equipment is used for measuring nitrogen oxide NO xcontent and/or hydrogen H 2, carbon monoxide CO, methane CH 4or urea CO (NH) 2content and the measured value (M) of describing described content is sent to for generating control signal (S1, S2) control device (24) is located, described control signal is for being connected to dosing mechanism (26) on described flue gas leading (12) by described feed pipe (28) and if desired for be connected to another dosing mechanism (32) on described heat size device (2) by feed pipe described in another (30), and described another dosing mechanism is used for carrying out reagent (R) described in dosage according to described measured value (M).
13. stoves according to claim 12, there is temperature measuring equipment (22), described temperature measuring equipment is used in the position measurement temperature (T) of sampling and described temperature (T) is sent to described control device (24) locating, described control signal (the S1 of described another dosing mechanism (32) that is identified for described dosing mechanism (26) according to described temperature (T) and described measured value (M) and exists if desired in described control device, S2), wherein when described temperature (T) surpasses predetermined value, just can produce the control signal (S1 that impels reagent (R) described in dosage, S2).
14. according to the stove described in claim 12 or 13, and wherein said feed pipe (28) passes into described flue gas leading (12) at the flow direction of described waste gas (OG) after sample point.
CN201280019785.6A 2011-04-27 2012-04-03 Method for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of a furnace during the thermal treatment of materials and furnace operated according to said method Pending CN103702743A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011017600.4 2011-04-27
DE201110017600 DE102011017600A1 (en) 2011-04-27 2011-04-27 A method for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of a furnace in the thermal treatment of materials and furnace operated by this method
PCT/EP2012/056022 WO2012146462A1 (en) 2011-04-27 2012-04-03 Method for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of a furnace during the thermal treatment of materials and furnace operated according to said method

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CN103702743A true CN103702743A (en) 2014-04-02

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DE (1) DE102011017600A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2013152604A (en)
WO (1) WO2012146462A1 (en)

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DE102016224116A1 (en) 2016-12-05 2018-06-07 Sms Group Gmbh Method and apparatus for NOx reduction in waste gas streams of metallurgical vessels and furnaces
DE102017103701A1 (en) * 2017-02-23 2018-08-23 Markus Kunkel Process for the afterburning of flue gases
AT520131A2 (en) * 2017-07-13 2019-01-15 Andritz Tech & Asset Man Gmbh METHOD FOR REDUCING NITROGEN OXIDE IN BAND TREATMENT OVENS
DE102022201570A1 (en) * 2022-02-16 2023-08-17 Sms Group Gmbh Method and device for treating primary gas from a metallurgical vessel

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CN1434293A (en) * 2002-01-09 2003-08-06 通用电气公司 Method and equipment for monitoring gas in combustion system
JP2005125285A (en) * 2003-10-27 2005-05-19 Kanken Techno Co Ltd Method and apparatus for treatment of exhaust gas containing n2o
JP2007029918A (en) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-08 Hitachi Zosen Corp NOx REDUCTION METHOD FOR EXHAUST GAS OF PLASMA TYPE ASH MELTING FURNACE
CN101824505A (en) * 2010-05-10 2010-09-08 昆明理工大学 Method for producing low-sulfur molten iron in one step by smelting and reducing copper slag
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RU2013152604A (en) 2015-06-10
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Application publication date: 20140402