CN103695634B - A kind of low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state produces the method for Rhometal - Google Patents
A kind of low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state produces the method for Rhometal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method that low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state produces Rhometal, the method is reduced by the temperature of lower 1400 ~ 1440 DEG C, the slag in reduzate and the Rhometal that restores is made all to enter semi-molten state, thus by the phase interface effect power between semi-vitreous slag and Rhometal, Rhometal is made to be squeezed by slag and assemble, in order to being mixed in slag hole with the form of Rhometal particle after cooling, and slag sluicing system is carried out by magnetic separation in subsequent step, do not need Rhometal and slag to be all heated to and hold runny full-fusing state and be separated, therefore not only reduction temperature is relatively low, and the recovery time also only needs 25 ~ 35 minutes, high temperature reduction more than 1650 DEG C at least 1 hour is needed compared to the Proress Technolgies of Laterite-nickel Ore of prior art, the smelting cycle of the inventive method is short, energy consumption obviously reduces, smelting cost is effectively controlled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical engineering technology and environmental protection and energy saving technical field, particularly relate to a kind of method that low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state produces Rhometal.
Background technology
Nickel (Ni) is a kind of rare precious metals, is widely used in aerospace, navigation, medical treatment, automobile and the industry such as civilian.Nickel sulfide ore and red soil nickel ore two kinds can be only had at present for the continental rise nickel resources of human development.Smelting laterite-nickel ores technique is divided into thermal process and wet processing, and thermal process can process laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel.The pyrometallurgical smelting laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel technique of going into operation in the world at present comprises agglomerate-small furnace melting technology, rotary kiln-electric furnace process (RKEF), shaft furnace-eaf process etc., wherein rotary kiln-electric furnace process (RKEF) is the most conventional, and its main products is ferronickel or nickel matte.
Along with China's expanding economy, increasing to the demand of nickel metal.But along with continually developing of nickel resources, in the earth's crust, nickel resources grade is more and more lower.The existing smelting laterite-nickel ores treatment process such as rotary kiln-electric furnace process (RKEF), shaft furnace-eaf process, usually high temperature reduction is all utilized to make the Rhometal after reducing and slag at high temperature be melted into liquid state, the density difference of Rhometal and slag is utilized to realize slag sluicing system, reach this purpose, reduction temperature is needed to reach more than slag melt temperature (usually requiring more than 1650 DEG C), and the recovery time will reach more than 1 hour (ensure Rhometal and slag all have the at high temperature melting of sufficiently long time), cause that energy consumption is high, smelting cost is high; And existing Proress Technolgies of Laterite-nickel Ore requires higher to the ore grade of red soil nickel ore, if process low-grade laterite nickel ore (usual nickel content is low-grade laterite nickel ore lower than the red soil nickel ore of 2%), not only affect Rhometal production quality, and due to the quantity of slag larger, need the more slag of melting (slag is higher than Rhometal fusing point), its energy consumption is high, problem that smelting cost is high is more outstanding.Therefore how to low-grade laterite nickel ore processing and utilizing in addition, and save energy and reduce the cost, reduce costs, become problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
For above shortcomings in prior art, lower, the lower-cost low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state of a kind of energy consumption is the object of the present invention is to provide to produce the method for Rhometal, to solve the problem high to low-grade laterite nickel ore treatment process energy consumption in prior art, cost is high.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technique means:
Low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state produces a method for Rhometal, comprises the steps:
1) red soil nickel ore of drying, coal dust, unslaked lime are ground to powder respectively;
2) powdered mixture formed after getting described red soil nickel ore powder, coal dust powder, unslaked lime powder Homogeneous phase mixing adds in pair roller ball press, and the compacting that adds water forms green-ball; Wherein, amount of water is 5% ~ 10% of powdered mixture total mass; In powdered mixture, the blending ratio of red soil nickel ore powder, coal dust powder, unslaked lime powder is according to respective moiety, is obtained by Theoretical Calculation by following conditions of mixture ratios:
1. the carbon content in coal dust powder make whole nickel element in red soil nickel ore powder be reduced to nickel simple substance, 50% ~ 70% ferro element be reduced to iron simple substance;
2. the add-on of unslaked lime powder makes the total mass of CaO in described powdered mixture account for CaO, SiO
2with 12% ~ 18% of MgO quality summation;
3) green-ball is sent in drying installation dry;
4) dried green-ball is put into rotary hearth furnace to reduce, reduction temperature 1400 ~ 1440 DEG C, recovery time 25 ~ 35min, make reduzate enter semi-molten state, the semi-vitreous Rhometal restored is gathered in different regional areas dispersedly by the exclusion of the slag of semi-melting under phase interface effect power; Then, reduzate is carried out water-cooled process, the Rhometal assembled is separated with slag in process of cooling, form Rhometal particulate inclusion in reduzate;
5) reduzate after water-cooled is sent in drying installation dry; Dried reduzate is crushed to 4 ~ 8mm by recycling crusher, the Rhometal particle be mingled with in reduzate is spun off from the slag of fragmentation, is then carry out magnetic separation under the magnetic field of 200 ~ 300 Gausses to obtain Rhometal particle through magneticstrength.
Above-mentioned low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state is produced in the method for Rhometal, and preferably, in described step 1), red soil nickel ore, coal dust, unslaked lime grind in the powder of gained respectively, and the particle of-0.074mm accounts for more than 80%.
Above-mentioned low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state is produced in the method for Rhometal, preferably, and described step 2) in, the diameter of the green-ball that compacting is formed is 25 ~ 35mm.
Above-mentioned low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state is produced in the method for Rhometal, and preferably, in described step 3), drying temperature is 110 ~ 130 DEG C, and time of drying is 2 ~ 3 hours.
Above-mentioned low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state is produced in the method for Rhometal, and preferably, in described step 5), drying temperature is 100 ~ 150 DEG C, and time of drying is 30 ~ 40min.
Above-mentioned low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state is produced in the method for Rhometal, and preferably, described drying installation is shaft furnace or microwave oven.
Compared to prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state of the present invention produces the method for Rhometal, reduced by the temperature of lower 1400 ~ 1440 DEG C, the slag in reduzate and the Rhometal that restores is made all to enter semi-molten state at the temperature of 1400 ~ 1440 DEG C, thus by the phase interface effect power between semi-vitreous slag and Rhometal, Rhometal is made to be squeezed by slag and be gathered in different regional areas dispersedly, in order to being mixed in reduzate with the form of Rhometal particle after cooling, and slag sluicing system is carried out by magnetic separation in subsequent step, owing to only needing to make reduzate be semi-molten state, do not need to be separated after whole for slag high for fusing point melting, therefore not only reduction temperature is relatively low, and the recovery time also only needs 25 ~ 35 minutes, high temperature reduction more than 1650 DEG C at least 1 hour is needed compared to the Proress Technolgies of Laterite-nickel Ore of prior art, the smelting cycle of the inventive method is short, energy consumption obviously reduces, smelting cost is effectively controlled.
2, low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state of the present invention produces the Rhometal product of the method gained of Rhometal is particulate state, cool after being assembled by Rhometal semi-vitreous in reduction process and formed, and Rhometal quality is also higher, therefore without the need to additionally carrying out refining processing and grinding and processing, just directly as stainless steel raw materials for production, the efficient recovery to nickel resources in low-grade laterite nickel ore can be achieved.
3, the slag of the method gained of low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state production Rhometal of the present invention directly as cement producting material, can contribute to the recovery utilization rate improving mineral slag, contributes to energy-saving and emission-reduction.
4, low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state of the present invention produces the method for Rhometal, both the industrial production process to low-grade laterite nickel ore had been applicable to, be applicable to the industrial production process to higher-grade red soil nickel ore too, therefore can be directly used in the Rhometal Production Flow Chart not distinguishing red soil nickel ore mineral resources quality, reduce ore dressing process to the waste of red soil nickel ore resource.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schema that low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state of the present invention produces the method for Rhometal.
Fig. 2 is the reduzate obtained after green-ball reduction, water-cooled in embodiment one.
Embodiment
For in prior art, Proress Technolgies of Laterite-nickel Ore energy consumption is high, cost is high, especially for problems such as process low-grade laterite nickel ore its energy consumption, cost height are more outstanding, need to find the treatment process that a kind of energy consumption is low, production cost is low.For this reason, the invention provides a kind of method that low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state produces Rhometal, its technical process as shown in Figure 1, specifically comprises the steps:
1) red soil nickel ore of drying, coal dust, unslaked lime are ground to powder respectively.In this step, preferably require that the particle that red soil nickel ore, coal dust, unslaked lime grind-0.074mm in the powder of gained respectively accounts for more than 80%, be more conducive to suppressing balling-up by after red soil nickel ore powder, coal dust powder, the mixing of unslaked lime powder in subsequent step.During concrete grinding, ball mill can be adopted to carry out attrition process.
2) powdered mixture formed after getting described red soil nickel ore powder, coal dust powder, unslaked lime powder Homogeneous phase mixing adds in pair roller ball press, and the compacting that adds water forms green-ball; Wherein, amount of water is 5% ~ 10% of powdered mixture total mass; In powdered mixture, the blending ratio of red soil nickel ore powder, coal dust powder, unslaked lime powder is according to respective moiety, is obtained by Theoretical Calculation by following conditions of mixture ratios:
1. the carbon content in coal dust powder make whole nickel element in red soil nickel ore powder be reduced to nickel simple substance, 50% ~ 70% ferro element be reduced to iron simple substance;
2. the add-on of unslaked lime powder makes the total mass of CaO in described powdered mixture account for CaO, SiO
2with 12% ~ 18% of MgO quality summation.
Conditions of mixture ratios 1. in, requiring that carbon content makes whole nickel element in red soil nickel ore powder be reduced to nickel simple substance, is to ensure enough carbonaceous reducing agents to improve nickel recovery.And require that carbon content makes the ferro element of 50% ~ 70% be reduced to iron simple substance simultaneously, because the inventive method is in subsequent step on the one hand, and the material density of non-used fused solution difference realizes being separated of ferronickel and slag, but realize in the solid state being separated, if be only that elemental nickel is difficult to separate from mineral, also need iron simple substance to merge and form Rhometal, be more conducive to magnetic separation means and realize being separated; On the other hand again and non-reduced whole iron, mainly because the quality of Rhometal product is weighed by nickel content, the higher then quality of nickel content of Rhometal product is higher, and nickel content is lower in low-grade laterite nickel ore, if reduce more iron, then energy consumption and cost higher, and the quality of gained Rhometal product is low all the better, therefore, after controlling the whole nickel element of the satisfied reduction of carbon content, the ferro element of 50% ~ 70% is restored.Ferro element in red soil nickel ore generally is ferric iron, when therefore calculating carbon content according to ferro element, is reduced to iron simple substance to calculate with ferric ion.
Conditions of mixture ratios 2. in, require that in powdered mixture, the total mass of CaO accounts for CaO, SiO
2with 12% ~ 18% of MgO quality summation, being to provide good alkaline environment to reduction reaction on the one hand, is because the total mass of CaO is at CaO-SiO on the other hand
212% ~ 18% is accounted in-MgO system total amount, the gangue in red soil nickel ore can be made more to change the lower slag of fusing point into, the fusing point of part slag is allowed to enter the temperature range of 1400 ~ 1440 DEG C, thus allow slag composition can enter semi-molten state under the environment of 1400 ~ 1440 DEG C, 1400 ~ 1440 DEG C is also the semi-melting temperature range of Rhometal simultaneously, thus slag and Rhometal are separated from each other under semi-vitreous phase interface effect power in promotion reduction process, and squeeze Rhometal and be gathered in different regional areas dispersedly, so that the later stage carry out slag sluicing system.
In addition, in this step, the diameter of the green-ball that compacting is formed preferably controls at 25 ~ 35mm, is so more conducive to green-ball thermally equivalent in reduction treatment process, improves reduction efficiency, avoids because inequality of being heated causes the recovery time to extend and increases energy consumption.
3) green-ball is sent in drying installation dry.Why will to green-ball drying treatment in addition, because moistening green-ball directly carries out the words of high temperature reduction, in ball, the fierce evaporation of moisture can cause green-ball cracking even to burst, and moisture evaporation absorbs a large amount of heat energy, what can make that green-ball can not be very fast rises to assigned temperature, causes the drawbacks such as the reduction of heat reduction time lengthening, reduction efficiency, fuel consumption increase.Specifically, the drying installation adopted can be shaft furnace, also can be microwave oven.Meanwhile, in this step, preferred drying temperature 110 ~ 130 DEG C, 2 ~ 3 hours time of drying, realizes cryodrying, avoids the too much consumption energy.
4) dried green-ball is put into rotary hearth furnace to reduce, reduction temperature 1400 ~ 1440 DEG C, recovery time 25 ~ 35min, make reduzate enter semi-molten state, the semi-vitreous Rhometal restored is gathered in different regional areas dispersedly by the exclusion of the slag of semi-melting under phase interface effect power; Then, reduzate is carried out water-cooled process, the Rhometal assembled is separated with slag in process of cooling, form Rhometal particulate inclusion in reduzate.
In the inventive method, controlling reduction temperature is 1400 ~ 1440 DEG C, slag melting temperature far below about 1650 DEG C, makes reduzate enter semi-molten state, and the semi-vitreous Rhometal restored is assembled by squeezing under the phase interface effect power of the slag with semi-melting; And then by water-cooled process, reduzate is cooled, the Rhometal of scatter-gather in reduzate can be made on the one hand to cool fast under the state keeping phase interface, thus be separated with slag, form Rhometal particulate inclusion in reduzate, slag sluicing system process is carried out in order to follow-up, on the other hand by the slag that obtains after water-cooled aftertreatment can directly as cement producting material (according to other cooling process mode, such as air cooling, then slag cannot directly be used again), increase the utilization ratio of reduzate.
5) reduzate after water-cooled is sent in drying installation dry; Dried reduzate is crushed to 4 ~ 8mm by recycling crusher, the Rhometal particle be mingled with in reduzate is spun off from the slag of fragmentation, is then carry out magnetic separation under the magnetic field of 200 ~ 300 Gausses to obtain Rhometal particle through magneticstrength.
In this step, the drying installation adopted can be shaft furnace, also can be microwave oven; Meanwhile, preferred drying temperature is 100 ~ 150 DEG C, and time of drying is 30 ~ 40min, avoids the too much consumption energy by cryodrying.Because water-cooled, dried reduzate are because furnace clinker presents bulk, Rhometal particulate inclusion wherein cannot directly be separated in furnace clinker, therefore need reduzate to be crushed to 4 ~ 8mm, the Rhometal particle be mingled with in reduzate is spun off from the slag of fragmentation; And as slag sluicing system means, although Rhometal is separated by magnetic separation, but consider that ferro element is not completely reduced before this, also dispersedly containing a small amount of ferro element in slag, need to consider that the ferro element disperseed in slag is on the impact of magnetic separation, because the ferro element contained in slag is limited and comparatively disperse, there is difference in the magnetism that it is subject to magnetic field compared with Rhometal, the difference of both considerations suffered magnetism in magnetic field, therefore the magneticstrength controlling magnetic separation is 200 ~ 300 Gausses, to obtain good magnetic separation effect.
In the prior art, the native nickel minerals metallurgy techniques such as rotary kiln-electric furnace process (RKEF), shaft furnace-eaf process, the high temperature reduction of more than 1650 DEG C is all utilized to make the Rhometal after reducing and slag at high temperature melting be liquid state, the melting density difference of Rhometal and slag is utilized to realize slag sluicing system, and such object will be reached, the high temperature reduction time will reach more than 1 hour usually.And can be seen by the method flow of low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state production Rhometal of the present invention, present invention employs diverse method of reducing and slag sluicing system principle with prior art, it is by controlling native nickel minerals powder in green-ball, coal dust powder, the proportioning that unslaked lime powder is equal, the lower temperature of 1400 ~ 1440 DEG C is adopted to reduce, object makes the slag in reduzate and the Rhometal that restores all enter semi-molten state, assemble to impel the Rhometal restored and be separated with slag, in order to being mixed in reduzate with the form of Rhometal particle after cooling, and slag sluicing system is carried out by magnetic separation in subsequent step, owing to only needing to make reduzate be semi-molten state, slag high for fusing point is not needed to carry out melting separation, therefore not only reduction temperature is relatively low, and the recovery time also only needs 25 ~ 35 minutes (ensureing that slag and Rhometal all enter semi-molten state), high temperature reduction more than 1650 DEG C at least 1 hour is needed compared to the Proress Technolgies of Laterite-nickel Ore of prior art, the smelting cycle of the inventive method is short, energy consumption obviously reduces, smelting cost is effectively controlled, and, because the inventive method is in reduction process, reduzate is only needed to reduce under semi-molten state, slag high for fusing point is not needed to carry out complete melting separation, therefore the energy input of the inventive method obviously can't increase because of the large problem of the low-grade laterite nickel ore quantity of slag, simultaneously, in the inventive method, slag sluicing system assembles based on semi-molten state Rhometal, cool and be achieved by magnetic separation after forming Rhometal particle, therefore the problem that the low-grade laterite nickel ore quantity of slag is large also can not cause the impact of essence on the inventive method Rhometal production quality, and lower reduction temperature also helps avoid the ferriferous oxide that is not reduced and other impurity melting and enters in Rhometal and affect Rhometal production quality, be specially adapted to the industrial production process to low-grade laterite nickel ore in the process of the present invention, and the inventive method is applicable to the industrial production process to higher-grade red soil nickel ore too, therefore the inventive method can be directly used in the Rhometal Production Flow Chart not distinguishing red soil nickel ore mineral resources quality, reduce ore dressing process to the waste of red soil nickel ore resource, in addition, the Rhometal product that the method that low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state of the present invention produces Rhometal obtains is particulate state, cool after being assembled in slag hole by Rhometal semi-vitreous in reduction process and formed, the grain diameter size of the Rhometal product of gained is usually between 2 ~ 10mm, Rhometal quality is also higher, therefore without the need to additionally carrying out refining processing and grinding and processing, just can directly as stainless steel raw materials for production, and the slag of gained can directly as cement producting material, not only achieve the efficient recovery to nickel resources in low-grade laterite nickel ore, also contribute to the recovery utilization rate improving mineral slag, contribute to energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Below by embodiment, the present invention is further detailed.
embodiment one:
The present embodiment adopts the low-grade laterite nickel ore of the inventive method to certain mining area to process, and produces Rhometal.The main component of this low-grade laterite nickel ore, see table 1, produces the composition of coal dust and the unslaked lime adopted in Rhometal process respectively see table 2 and table 3.
Table 1 red soil nickel ore main component (wt%)
Table 2 coal dust composition (wt%)
Table 3 unslaked lime composition (wt%)
In the present embodiment, adopt the inventive method, utilize the operation steps of above-mentioned low-grade laterite nickel ore production Rhometal as follows:
1) particle red soil nickel ore of drying, coal dust, unslaked lime being ground to respectively-0.074mm accounts for the powder of more than 80%.
2) powdered mixture formed after getting described red soil nickel ore powder, coal dust powder, unslaked lime powder Homogeneous phase mixing adds in pair roller ball press, and the compacting formation diameter that adds water is the green-ball of 25mm; Wherein, amount of water is 5% of powdered mixture total mass; In powdered mixture, the blending ratio of red soil nickel ore powder, coal dust powder, unslaked lime powder is according to respective moiety, is obtained by Theoretical Calculation by following conditions of mixture ratios:
1. the carbon content in coal dust powder make whole nickel element in red soil nickel ore powder be reduced to nickel simple substance, 50 ~ 70% ferro element be reduced to iron simple substance;
2. the add-on of unslaked lime powder makes the total mass of CaO in described powdered mixture account for CaO, SiO
2with 12 ~ 18% of MgO quality summation.
In Theoretical Calculation, consider that the reduction reaction process of nickel element and carbon in red soil nickel ore powder is:
NiO+C=Ni+CO；
Consider that the reduction reaction process of+3 valency ferro elements and simple substance carbon in red soil nickel ore powder is:
Fe
2O
3+C=2FeO+CO；FeO+C=Fe+CO。
Therefore, the one-tenth according to red soil nickel ore and coal dust is grouped into, and 1. calculates according to conditions of mixture ratios, and in the present embodiment, in powdered mixture, the blending ratio of red soil nickel ore and coal dust is taken as 100:6.15; Being grouped into according to one-tenth again according to red soil nickel ore and unslaked lime, 2. calculate according to conditions of mixture ratios, in the present embodiment, in powdered mixture, the blending ratio of red soil nickel ore and unslaked lime is taken as 100:12.56; Therefore, in the powdered mixture of the present embodiment, the blending ratio of red soil nickel ore, coal dust, unslaked lime three is 100:6.15:12.56.
3) green-ball is sent in shaft furnace dry, drying temperature 120 DEG C, 2 hours time of drying.
4) dried green-ball is put into rotary hearth furnace to reduce, reduction temperature 1400 DEG C, recovery time 35min, make reduzate enter semi-molten state, the semi-vitreous Rhometal restored is gathered in different regional areas dispersedly by the exclusion of the slag of semi-melting under phase interface effect power; Then, reduzate is carried out water-cooled process, the Rhometal assembled is separated with slag in process of cooling, form Rhometal particulate inclusion in reduzate.The reduzate that in this step, green-ball obtains after reduction, water-cooled, as shown in Figure 2; As can see from Figure 2, the hole such as pit, hole is there is in reduzate, can see that from part hole it is mingled with the mellow and full particle in surface, these particles be exactly reduction gained semi-molten state Rhometal through cooling after form Rhometal particle, therefore need to carry out fragmentation to reduzate, the Rhometal particle be wherein mingled with is spun off from the slag of fragmentation.
5) reduzate after water-cooled is sent in shaft furnace dry, drying temperature 120 DEG C, time of drying 40min; Dried reduzate is crushed to 4mm by recycling crusher, and the Rhometal particle be mingled with in reduzate is spun off from the slag of fragmentation, is then carry out magnetic separation under the magnetic field of 200 Gausses to obtain Rhometal particle through magneticstrength.
The one-tenth of the Rhometal that the present embodiment finally obtains is grouped into see table 4.
Table 4 Rhometal composition (wt%)
Visible, the Rhometal product quality of the inventive method gained is better.
embodiment two:
The present embodiment still adopts the low-grade laterite nickel ore of the inventive method to embodiment one to process, and produce Rhometal, but controling parameters is slightly different, its operation steps is as follows:
1) particle red soil nickel ore of drying, coal dust, unslaked lime being ground to respectively-0.074mm accounts for the powder of more than 80%;
2) powdered mixture formed after getting described red soil nickel ore powder, coal dust powder, unslaked lime powder Homogeneous phase mixing adds in pair roller ball press, and the compacting that adds water forms the green-ball that diameter is about 30mm; Wherein, amount of water is 8% of powdered mixture total mass; In powdered mixture, the blending ratio of red soil nickel ore powder, coal dust powder, unslaked lime powder is according to respective moiety, 1. and is 2. obtained by Theoretical Calculation by conditions of mixture ratios of the present invention; In the powdered mixture of the present embodiment, the blending ratio of red soil nickel ore, coal dust, unslaked lime three is 100:5.78:9.46.
3) green-ball is sent in shaft furnace dry, drying temperature 130 DEG C, 2 hours time of drying;
4) dried green-ball is put into rotary hearth furnace to reduce, reduction temperature 1420 DEG C, recovery time 30min, make reduzate enter semi-molten state, the semi-vitreous Rhometal restored is gathered in different regional areas dispersedly by the exclusion of the slag of semi-melting under phase interface effect power; Then, reduzate is carried out water-cooled process, the Rhometal assembled is separated with slag in process of cooling, form Rhometal particulate inclusion in reduzate;
5) reduzate after water-cooled is sent in shaft furnace dry, drying temperature 100 DEG C, time of drying 40min; Dried reduzate is crushed to 6mm by recycling crusher, and the Rhometal particle be mingled with in reduzate is spun off from the slag of fragmentation, is then carry out magnetic separation under the magnetic field of 200 Gausses to obtain Rhometal particle through magneticstrength.
The one-tenth of the Rhometal that the present embodiment finally obtains is grouped into see table 5.
Table 5 Rhometal composition (wt%)
Visible, the Rhometal product quality of the inventive method gained is better.
embodiment three:
The present embodiment still adopts the low-grade laterite nickel ore of the inventive method to embodiment one to process, and produce Rhometal, but controling parameters is slightly different, its operation steps is as follows:
1) particle red soil nickel ore of drying, coal dust, unslaked lime being ground to respectively-0.074mm accounts for the powder of more than 80%.
2) powdered mixture formed after getting described red soil nickel ore powder, coal dust powder, unslaked lime powder Homogeneous phase mixing adds in pair roller ball press, and the compacting that adds water forms the green-ball that diameter is about 35mm; Wherein, amount of water is 10% of powdered mixture total mass; In powdered mixture, the blending ratio of red soil nickel ore powder, coal dust powder, unslaked lime powder is according to respective moiety, 1. and is 2. obtained by Theoretical Calculation by conditions of mixture ratios of the present invention; In the powdered mixture of the present embodiment, the blending ratio of red soil nickel ore, coal dust, unslaked lime three is 100:4.54:6.83.
3) green-ball is sent in microwave oven dry, drying temperature 110 DEG C, 3 hours time of drying.
4) dried green-ball is put into rotary hearth furnace to reduce, reduction temperature 1440 DEG C, recovery time 25min, make reduzate enter semi-molten state, the semi-vitreous Rhometal restored is gathered in different regional areas dispersedly by the exclusion of the slag of semi-melting under phase interface effect power; Then, reduzate is carried out water-cooled process, the Rhometal assembled is separated with slag in process of cooling, form Rhometal particulate inclusion in reduzate.
5) reduzate after water-cooled is sent in microwave oven dry, drying temperature 150 DEG C, time of drying 30min; Dried reduzate is crushed to 8mm by recycling crusher, and the Rhometal particle be mingled with in reduzate is spun off from the slag of fragmentation, is then carry out magnetic separation under the magnetic field of 300 Gausses to obtain Rhometal particle through magneticstrength.
The one-tenth of the Rhometal that the present embodiment finally obtains is grouped into see table 6.
Table 6 Rhometal composition (wt%)
Can be seen by above-mentioned multiple embodiments, in the Rhometal that the inventive method is produced, nickel content is all more than 12%, iron level does not coexist between 77% ~ 82% according to reduction iron, and it is impure few, the quality of gained Rhometal is higher, the Rhometal product that the inventive method is produced simultaneously is particulate state, grain diameter size is usually between 2 ~ 10mm, cool after being assembled by Rhometal semi-vitreous in reduction process and formed, without the need to additionally carrying out refining processing and grinding and processing, just can directly as stainless steel raw materials for production; And in Rhometal production method of the present invention, reduction temperature is at about 1400 DEG C, green-ball is reduced under semi-melting state, can not only effective removing foreign matter, obtain the Rhometal that quality is higher, and the recovery time is only 25 ~ 35 minutes, therefore high temperature reduction more than 1650 DEG C at least 1 hour is needed compared to the Proress Technolgies of Laterite-nickel Ore of prior art, the smelting cycle of the inventive method is short, and energy consumption obviously reduces, and decreases the processing cost of low-grade laterite nickel ore.
embodiment four:
The present embodiment is embodiment as a comparison, also adopts the rotary kiln-electric furnace process of prior art, utilizes the low-grade laterite nickel ore of embodiment one to carry out Rhometal production, and statistics rotary kiln-electric furnace process produces nickel, the iron level of gained Rhometal, as shown in table 7:
Table 7 rotary kiln-electric furnace process produces gained Rhometal
Meanwhile, the inventive method in statistics above-described embodiment one, two, three, is adopted to utilize low-grade laterite nickel ore to carry out nickel, the iron level of Rhometal production gained Rhometal, as shown in table 8.
Table 8 the inventive method produces gained Rhometal
By contrast, can see, compared to the rotary kiln-electric furnace process of prior art, low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state of the present invention produces the method for Rhometal, it is by making green-ball reduce under semi-melting state to the control of reduction temperature, reducing and smelting temperature is lower, and smelting cycle is short, more be conducive to reducing energy consumption, reduce costs, and lower reduction temperature also helps avoid the ferriferous oxide that is not reduced and other impurity melting and enters in Rhometal and affect Rhometal production quality, in gained ferronickel, nickel grade is higher, and be particulate state, therefore low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state of the present invention produces the Rhometal product of the method gained of Rhometal without the need to additionally carrying out refining processing and grinding and processing, just can directly as stainless steel raw materials for production, and the slag of gained can directly as cement producting material, not only achieve the efficient recovery to nickel resources in low-grade laterite nickel ore, also contribute to the recovery utilization rate improving mineral slag, contribute to energy-saving and emission-reduction.In addition, the inventive method is not only applicable to the process of low-grade laterite nickel ore, also higher-grade laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel alloy can be directly applied for, therefore can be directly used in Rhometal Production Flow Chart, reduce ore dressing process to the waste of red soil nickel ore resource, contribute to the utilising efficiency improving red soil nickel ore.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state produces a method for Rhometal, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) red soil nickel ore of drying, coal dust, unslaked lime are ground to powder respectively;
2) powdered mixture formed after getting described red soil nickel ore powder, coal dust powder, unslaked lime powder Homogeneous phase mixing adds in pair roller ball press, and the compacting that adds water forms green-ball; Wherein, amount of water is 5% ~ 10% of powdered mixture total mass; In powdered mixture, the blending ratio of red soil nickel ore powder, coal dust powder, unslaked lime powder is according to respective moiety, is obtained by Theoretical Calculation by following conditions of mixture ratios:
1. the carbon content in coal dust powder make whole nickel element in red soil nickel ore powder be reduced to nickel simple substance, 50% ~ 70% ferro element be reduced to iron simple substance;
2. the add-on of unslaked lime powder makes the total mass of CaO in described powdered mixture account for CaO, SiO
2with 12% ~ 18% of MgO quality summation;
3) green-ball is sent in drying installation dry;
4) dried green-ball is put into rotary hearth furnace to reduce, reduction temperature 1420 ~ 1440 DEG C, recovery time 25 ~ 35min, make reduzate enter semi-molten state, the semi-vitreous Rhometal restored is gathered in different regional areas dispersedly by the exclusion of the slag of semi-melting under phase interface effect power; Then, reduzate is carried out water-cooled process, the Rhometal assembled is separated with slag in process of cooling, form Rhometal particulate inclusion in reduzate;
5) reduzate after water-cooled is sent in drying installation dry; Dried reduzate is crushed to 4 ~ 8mm by recycling crusher, the Rhometal particle be mingled with in reduzate is spun off from the slag of fragmentation, is then carry out magnetic separation under the magnetic field of 200 ~ 300 Gausses to obtain Rhometal particle through magneticstrength.
2. low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state according to claim 1 produces the method for Rhometal, and it is characterized in that, in described step 1), red soil nickel ore, coal dust, unslaked lime grind in the powder of gained respectively, and the particle of-0.074mm accounts for more than 80%.
3. low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state according to claim 1 produces the method for Rhometal, it is characterized in that, described step 2) in, the diameter of the green-ball that compacting is formed is 25 ~ 35mm.
4. low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state according to claim 1 produces the method for Rhometal, and it is characterized in that, in described step 3), drying temperature is 110 ~ 130 DEG C, and time of drying is 2 ~ 3 hours.
5. low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state according to claim 1 produces the method for Rhometal, and it is characterized in that, in described step 5), drying temperature is 100 ~ 150 DEG C, and time of drying is 30 ~ 40min.
6. low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state according to claim 1 produces the method for Rhometal, and it is characterized in that, described drying installation is shaft furnace or microwave oven.
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