CN101392329A - Nickel oxide ore dressing process - Google Patents
Nickel oxide ore dressing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN101392329A CN101392329A CNA2008101764977A CN200810176497A CN101392329A CN 101392329 A CN101392329 A CN 101392329A CN A2008101764977 A CNA2008101764977 A CN A2008101764977A CN 200810176497 A CN200810176497 A CN 200810176497A CN 101392329 A CN101392329 A CN 101392329A
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- nickel oxide
- ore
- oxide ore
- roasting
- ball
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Abstract
The invention provides a concentration technology of nickel oxide ore. The concentration technology includes the following steps: material proportioning and granulation: nickel oxide ore is carried out bypass-recrushing and sifting so as to obtain fine ore which is carried out ore proportioning to obtain mixed mine, the mixed mine cooperates with a reducing agent and a flux to obtain mixed material which is further pelletized to obtain green pellets; reduction and roasting: the green pellets are put in roasting equipment to carry out reduction and roasting to obtain roasted pellets; protective quencher is carried out to the roasted pellets; magnetic concentration: after cooling off the roasted pellets, by ball milling and sifting, fine ore is obtained and put into magnetic-selection equipment to carry out magnetic concentration, and initial concentrate is obtained by magnetic concentration; and electrical selection: SiO2 is removed from the initial concentrate by electrical selection and final concentrate is obtained. The concentration technology is favorable to blast furnace ferronickel smelting with large scale, high efficiency and low energy consumption, has short technological process, low cost, notable anaphase economic benefits and strong controllability, and is favorable to refining nickel oxide ore and saving energy and reducing emission.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ore-dressing technique, specifically, related to a kind of nickel oxide ore dressing process.
Background technology
Because of minerogentic condition difference, nickel oxide ore is divided into two big classes by mineral type: the one, and nickel-containing limonite, the iron height, silicon magnesium is low, and its chemical formula is (Fe, Ni) O (OH) nH
2O; The 2nd, noumeite, iron is low, silicon magnesium height, its chemical formula be 4 (Ni, Mg)
43SiO
26H
2O and H
2(Ni, Mg) SiO
4MH
2O; The nickel oxide ore that domestic import in enormous quantities is used, how from Philippines, Indonesia, states such as Australia, the composition fluctuation is more wide in range, wherein, the nickel-containing limonite iron-holder about 20-47%, about nickeliferous 0.6-1.6%, SiO
2About 10%, MgO is about 6.0%; About noumeite iron-holder 10-20%, about nickeliferous 1.3-1.9%, SiO
2About 24%, MgO is about 15%.
Because nickel often is dispersed in the gangue mineral with isomorph in the nickel oxide ore, particle is very thin, traditional enriching method is to smelt enrichment, and pyrometallurgical smelting is enriched with matte smelting method, ferronickel method, nodulizing process etc., and the hydrometallurgy enrichment divides normal pressure ammonia leaching process and high pressure pickling process etc. again; These methods respectively have characteristics, and shortcoming is respectively arranged again, and are low as the nodulizing process rate of recovery, and when electric furnace process was handled high iron ore, iron reclaimed low, and power consumption is big, and normal pressure ammonia leaching process cobalt reclaims low, and the high pressure pickling process is applicable to handles the low nickel oxide ore of silicon magnesium;
Above-mentioned technology is raw ore directly to be entered flow process process behind crushing and screening mostly, and so, in blast-furnace smelting, smelting efficient is low, the energy consumption height, and the ore resources waste is serious, is unfavorable for the nickel oxide ore that the refining composition differs, and is unfavorable for large-scale nickel-iron smelting; Though the normal pressure ammonia leaching process selects reducing roasting for improving leaching yieldization, its essential characteristic is high CO
2%/CO% ratio and medium temperature control, wherein wait temperature control at 710 ℃--730 ℃, purpose is that short nickel presses down iron.
At above problem, people are seeking a kind of new technical solution always.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, thus provide that a kind of technology is simple, cost is low, the later stage economic benefit is outstanding, can be handling strong, be beneficial to the nickel oxide ore purified, be beneficial to the nickel oxide ore dressing process of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of nickel oxide ore dressing process, this technology may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, batching granulation: nickel oxide ore returns brokenly, sieves through keeping away the road, gets fine ore, and described fine ore is joined the ore deposit, obtains mixing the ore deposit, with addition of reductive agent and flux, obtains compound in described mixing ore deposit, more described compound is made ball, obtains green-ball;
Step 2, reducing roasting: described green-ball is inserted roasting apparatus carry out reducing roasting, obtain the roasting ball; Again with the quenching of described roasting ball protectiveness;
Step 3, magnetic separation: after the described roasting ball cooling,, get breeze, described breeze is inserted magnetic plant carry out magnetic separation, obtain concentrate just through magnetic separation through ball milling, screening;
Step 4, electric separation: described concentrate is just separated through electric separation, remove SiO
2, obtain whole concentrate.
Based on above-mentioned, in step 1, described nickel oxide ore be nickeliferously be not less than 0.6%, nickel oxide ore that granularity is not more than 32mm.
Based on above-mentioned, in step 1, the granularity of described fine ore is less than 3mm.
Based on above-mentioned, in step 1, the granularity of described reductive agent and described flux is all less than 3mm, and described reductive agent accounts for the weight percent in described mixing ore deposit greater than 1%,, described flux addition makes described mixing ore deposit basicity reach 0.5-1.0; Described reductive agent is coke powder or coal dust, and described flux is unslaked lime.
Based on above-mentioned, in step 1, the sphere diameter of described green-ball is 8mm--12mm.
Based on above-mentioned, in step 2, kiln control spent air temperture is 180 ℃--220 ℃, the preheating zone temperature is 350 ℃--400 ℃, the zone of reduction temperature is 850 ℃--950 ℃.
Based on above-mentioned, in step 2, described roasting apparatus adopts rotary kiln or shaft furnace.
Based on above-mentioned, in step 3, described ore powder granularity-200 order, greater than 76%.
The relative prior art of the present invention has outstanding substantive distinguishing features and obvious improvement, specifically, in the blast furnace process smelting ferronickel, adopt the whole concentrate of this technology gained to smelt, be beneficial on the one hand and protect nickel guarantor iron, can reclaim iron, nickel metals resources to greatest extent, be beneficial on the other hand and protect Alkaline minerals except that acid mineral, can realize low coke ratio, the low quantity of slag to greatest extent, for high-quality blast-furnace smelting creates conditions; That this dressing process is beneficial to is large-scale, high efficiency, the blast furnace process nickel-iron smelting of less energy-consumption, and its technical process is short, and cost is low, and the later stage economic benefit is outstanding, can be handling strong, be beneficial to the nickel oxide ore refining, and be beneficial to energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of nickel oxide ore dressing process, this technology may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, preliminary election: under nature long oxidation, hydrolysis and solvency action, make characteristics that lump ore is nickeliferous, iron is low in the nickel oxide ore, preliminary election technology is removed this part lump ore exactly, lump ore is concentrated stacked otherwise processed; By screening, remove nickeliferous less than 0.6%, granularity is greater than the lump ore of 32mm; Granularity is returned brokenly, is sieved through keeping away the road less than the mineral of 32mm, obtains the fine ore of granularity less than 3mm, and the classification code heap is standby.
Step 2, batching granulation: the qualified fine ore after the preliminary election is joined the ore deposit; The purpose of joining the ore deposit is mineral composition difference, crystalline texture difference, constituent content difference, the different feature of physical and chemical performance according to dissimilar ores, rectificates and keeps away weak point, is beneficial to and makes ball, roasting, magnetic separation, electric separation; Also be according to the requirement of the different nickel contents in the finished product selling market, different raw material nickel, iron ratios be provided, and obtain the nickelalloy of different nickel contents; The proportion scale range of choice is wide in range, can reach 20-80%, obtains mixing the ore deposit after joining the ore deposit;
With addition of reductive agent coke powder or coal dust and flux unslaked lime, its granularity is all less than 3mm in mixing the ore deposit, reductive agent with addition of amount account for mix the ore deposit weight percent greater than 1%, described flux addition makes described mixing ore deposit basicity reach 0.5-1.0, thereby obtains compound;
Compound is made ball through pelletizer, obtains the green-ball that sphere diameter is 8mm--12mm.
Step 3, reducing roasting: green-ball is carried out reducing roasting; Iron in the ore deposit is at first sloughed crystal water in roasting process, be reduced into magnetite as rhombohedral iron ore then, according to Fe-CO-O
2State diagram as can be known, Fe
2O
3Almost under any temperature, all easily be reduced into Fe
3O
4, at certain CO
2Under the %/CO% concentration, t＜572 ℃ can generate metallic iron; T〉572 ℃, can generate weak magnetic Fe O, generate weak magnetic ferric metasilicate when promptly temperature is too high; According to Ni-CO-O
2State diagram as can be known, NiO is than higher CO
2Under the %/CO% ratio, can be reduced to metallic nickel; Silicic acid nickel generates ferric metasilicate and Calucium Silicate powder under the situation of FeO and CaO existence, thereby quickens the reduction of silicic acid nickel; Roasting apparatus adopts rotary kiln, also can adopt shaft furnace;
In the reducing roasting, about 200 ℃ of kiln control spent air tempertures, 350 ℃ of preheating zone temperature--400 ℃, 850 ℃ of zone of reduction temperature--950 ℃;
With the roasting ball protectiveness quenching after the reduction.
Step 4, magnetic separation: the specific susceptibility of nickel-containing limonite [CgS, * 10
-625-32], garnierite specific susceptibility [CgS, 11.71], the Fe that forms after the roasting
3O
4, Ni and small amount of Fe
2O
3SiO
3Specific susceptibility be respectively [CgS, 480-575, CgS, 480] and in three sections fine grindings, three stages of magnetic separation and mine tailing classification are reclaimed, obtain desirable enrichment;
After the cooling of roasting ball,, go into the magnetic separator magnetic separation through ball milling, screening, selected fineness-200 order is about 70% greater than 76% through first concentrate recovery rate after the magnetic separation by weight, mine tailing rate 30%, just the nickeliferous iron content of concentrate improves 42.3%, technology iron, nickel recovery rate 93%-96%.
Step 5, electric separation: the first concentrate that obtains after the magnetic separation contains SiO
2Still higher, further remove SiO
2Have special meaning for blast furnace process smelting ferronickel alloy, reducing the quantity of slag is the important measures of direct motion, high yield, low coke ratio;
Just Ni in the concentrate can be considered electric conductor, and resistivity is 6.3 * 10
-8Ohm; Fe
3O
4Can be considered semi-conductor, resistivity is 52 * 10
-6Ohm; SiO
2Be considered as non-conductor, resistivity is 10
12-10
17Ohm; Under electric field action, the electric power that particle is subjected to, mechanical force difference produce different movement locus and realize separating, thereby first concentrate separates SiO through electric separation again
2, effective, the efficient height, through electric separation, SiO
2Content is removed 45%--56%, obtains whole concentrate; Compare with mixing the ore deposit, whole concentrate nickel, iron level improve 54%--56%, total recovery rate of iron 93%--95%.
Economic and Efficiency Analysis makes with each 50% collocation of nickel-containing limonite and noumeite and to use tricks, and nickel-containing limonite and noumeite are butt:
1, without selected, directly add the stove smelting and obtain ferronickel, its productive capacity: a ton alloy quantity of slag is about 2000Kg/t, and a ton alloy coke ratio is about 1200Kg/t, and a ton nickel coke ratio is 29.13t/t;
2, after selected, its productive capacity is: the ton alloy quantity of slag is about 815Kg/t, and a ton alloy coke ratio is 700Kg/t, and a ton nickel coke ratio is 16.75t/t;
3, selected cost, selected increase cost is from making the ball sinter process;
Make the ball sinter process: in join reductive agent, water, electricity, combustion gas, nitrogen, auxiliary machine material, spare parts, artificial, depreciation etc., 48.12 yuan/ton of tooling costs;
Magnetic separation process: water, electricity, machine material, spare parts, artificial, depreciation etc., etc. 44.14 yuan/ton of tooling costs;
Electric separation technology: water, electricity, machine material, spare parts, artificial, depreciation etc., 21.21 yuan/ton of tooling costs;
Subtotal: 113.47 yuan of/ton essences, the tail consumption is detained, and then the ton alloy increases by 355.38 yuan/ton of costs, and ton nickel increases by 8501.91 yuan/ton of costs.
4, economic benefit and social benefit:
Concentrate, ton nickel saves burnt 12.83t/t, is worth 25660 yuan of/ton nickel, and burnt valency economizes on electricity and 3588.5 yuan of/ton nickel of other factory's stable costs 29248.5 yuan of/ton nickel of subtotal by existing 2000 yuan/ton; It is 8501.91 yuan of/ton nickel that ore beneficiation increases cost; The two offsets, and ton nickel cost reduces 29248.5-8501.91=20746.59 unit/ton nickel, remarkable in economical benefits.
Simultaneously, ton nickel coke ratio declines to a great extent the purpose of reached energy-saving and emission-reduction, implementing a scientific outlook on development.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can make amendment or the part technical characterictic is equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention; And not breaking away from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the present invention asks for protection.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of nickel oxide ore dressing process is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, batching granulation: nickel oxide ore returns brokenly, sieves through keeping away the road, gets fine ore, and described fine ore is joined the ore deposit, obtains mixing the ore deposit, with addition of reductive agent and flux, obtains compound in described mixing ore deposit, more described compound is made ball, obtains green-ball;
Step 2, reducing roasting: described green-ball is inserted roasting apparatus carry out reducing roasting, obtain the roasting ball; Again with the quenching of described roasting ball protectiveness;
Step 3, magnetic separation: after the described roasting ball cooling,, get breeze, described breeze is inserted magnetic plant carry out magnetic separation, obtain concentrate just through magnetic separation through ball milling, screening;
Step 4, electric separation: described concentrate is just separated through electric separation, remove SiO
2, obtain whole concentrate.
2, nickel oxide ore dressing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 1, described nickel oxide ore be nickeliferously be not less than 0.6%, nickel oxide ore that granularity is not more than 32mm.
3, nickel oxide ore dressing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 1, the granularity of described fine ore is less than 3mm.
4, nickel oxide ore dressing process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 1, the granularity of described reductive agent and described flux is all less than 3mm, described reductive agent accounts for the weight percent in described mixing ore deposit greater than 1%, and described flux addition makes described mixing ore deposit basicity reach 0.5-1.0.
5, according to claim 1 or 4 described nickel oxide ore dressing process, it is characterized in that: described reductive agent is coke powder or coal dust, and described flux is unslaked lime.
6, nickel oxide ore dressing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 1, the sphere diameter of described green-ball is 8mm--12mm.
7, nickel oxide ore dressing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 2, kiln control spent air temperture is 180 ℃--220 ℃, the preheating zone temperature is 350 ℃--400 ℃, the zone of reduction temperature is 850 ℃--950 ℃.
8, nickel oxide ore dressing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 2, described roasting apparatus adopts rotary kiln or shaft furnace.
9, nickel oxide ore dressing process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 3, and described ore powder granularity-200 order, greater than 76%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810176497A CN100584971C (en) | 2008-11-13 | 2008-11-13 | Nickel oxide ore reconcentration process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810176497A CN100584971C (en) | 2008-11-13 | 2008-11-13 | Nickel oxide ore reconcentration process |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101392329A true CN101392329A (en) | 2009-03-25 |
| CN100584971C CN100584971C (en) | 2010-01-27 |
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ID=40492837
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101979681A (en) * | 2010-10-23 | 2011-02-23 | 郴州市国大有色金属冶炼有限公司 | Charging material preparing process for reduction and sulfonium making smelting with non-ferrous sulphide containing material |
| CN103030182A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-10 | 田飞 | Purification method of NiO nanocube particles synthesized with laser method |
| CN103695634A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-02 | 重庆大学 | Method for producing ferro-nickel alloy from low-grade laterite-nickel ore in half-molten state |
| CN106536765A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2017-03-22 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | Method for producing pellets and method for producing iron-nickel alloy |
| CN106661668A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2017-05-10 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | Method for smelting nickel oxide ore |
| CN106661666A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2017-05-10 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | Method for producing pellet and method for smelting nickel oxide ore |
| CN109013051A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-18 | 张雷 | A kind of method and device of coal-based direct reduction magnetic separation production Langaloy |
-
2008
- 2008-11-13 CN CN200810176497A patent/CN100584971C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101979681A (en) * | 2010-10-23 | 2011-02-23 | 郴州市国大有色金属冶炼有限公司 | Charging material preparing process for reduction and sulfonium making smelting with non-ferrous sulphide containing material |
| CN103030182A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-10 | 田飞 | Purification method of NiO nanocube particles synthesized with laser method |
| CN103030182B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-10-22 | 田飞 | Purification method of NiO nanocube particles synthesized with laser method |
| CN103695634A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-02 | 重庆大学 | Method for producing ferro-nickel alloy from low-grade laterite-nickel ore in half-molten state |
| CN103695634B (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2016-01-20 | 重庆大学 | A kind of low-grade laterite nickel ore semi-molten state produces the method for Rhometal |
| EP3156509A4 (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2017-08-16 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Method for producing pellet and method for smelting nickel oxide ore |
| US10323297B2 (en) | 2014-07-15 | 2019-06-18 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Method for producing pellet and method for smelting nickel oxide ore |
| CN106661666A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2017-05-10 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | Method for producing pellet and method for smelting nickel oxide ore |
| CN106661668A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2017-05-10 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | Method for smelting nickel oxide ore |
| US10041144B2 (en) | 2014-08-01 | 2018-08-07 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Method for smelting nickel oxide ore |
| CN106536765A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2017-03-22 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | Method for producing pellets and method for producing iron-nickel alloy |
| CN106536765B (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2021-03-02 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | Method for producing particles and method for producing iron-nickel alloy |
| CN109013051A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-18 | 张雷 | A kind of method and device of coal-based direct reduction magnetic separation production Langaloy |
| CN109013051B (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2021-01-05 | 张雷 | Method and device for producing high-nickel alloy by coal-based direct reduction and magnetic separation |
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|---|---|
| CN100584971C (en) | 2010-01-27 |
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