CN103691947A - Powder spreading device and powder spreading method for selective laser melting (SLM) equipment - Google Patents
Powder spreading device and powder spreading method for selective laser melting (SLM) equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN103691947A CN103691947A CN201310667154.1A CN201310667154A CN103691947A CN 103691947 A CN103691947 A CN 103691947A CN 201310667154 A CN201310667154 A CN 201310667154A CN 103691947 A CN103691947 A CN 103691947A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a powder spreading device and a powder spreading method for selective laser melting (SLM) equipment. The device comprises a powder spreading main body, an auxiliary guide rail linear motor and an auxiliary powder spreading guide motor, wherein the auxiliary guide rail linear motor is used for driving the powder spreading main body to slide on an auxiliary powder spreading guide rail; the inside of the powder spreading main body is partitioned into three segments, namely, a cylindrical segment, a circular arc segment and a conical segment from top to bottom respectively; the cylindrical segment is a powder carrying area; a powder feeding hole is formed between the cylindrical segment and the circular arc segment; the circular arc segment is provided with a powder supply roller; a plurality of dovetail grooves are uniformly formed on the powder supply roller; the excircle of the powder supply roller is tangential to a circular arc on the upper part of the circular arc segment; the powder supply roller is driven to rotate by a servo driving motor; the conical segment is provided with a powder scraping device; the bottom of the conical segment is provided with a powder outlet; the upper end of the powder scraping device is tangential to the excircle of the powder supply roller, and the lower end of the powder scraping device extends out of the powder outlet; gaps are reserved between the lower end of the powder scraping device and the two ends of the powder outlet; the powder scraping device comprises a flexible powder scraping brush. By adopting the powder spreading device and the powder spreading method, quantitative powder supply can be realized, waste of powder is reduced, bidirectional powder spreading can be performed, the SLM molding auxiliary process time is shortened, and the SLM molding efficiency is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to increase material and manufacture research field, particularly a kind of laser selective melting SLM equipment power spreading device and paving powder method.
Background technology
The technology such as laser, precision drive, new material, CAD/CAM that laser selective melting SLM is integrated, by the meticulous Laser Focusing hot spot of 30～80 microns, by selection area on the new paving of line overlap joint scanning bisque, form after facial contour, layer is piled up moulding manufacture with layer, thereby directly obtain arbitrary shape almost, have the metal function part of complete metallurgical binding, density can reach and be close to 100%.SLM is reduced to two dimensional surface manufacture by complex three-dimensional solid, and manufacturing cost does not depend on the complexity of part, but depends on volume and the forming direction of part.
SLM is as the important way of direct manufacture metal function part, its advantage is mainly manifested in: (1) adopts layering manufacturing technology, profiled member is not subject to the impact of geometry complexity, to any complicated metal parts, can directly manufacture, easily manufactured for personalized small lot complex product; (2) use the optical fiber laser of high power density, beam mode is good, and laser facula is little, and formed precision is higher; (3) directly make terminal metal product, because laser energy density is higher, to the high difficult processing metal of fusing point, can directly be processed into terminal metal product; (4) metal parts is the entity with metallurgical binding, and its relative density almost reaches 100%, and performance surpasses conventional cast part.
But existing laser selective melting SLM equipment middle berth powder is unidirectional paving powder, need to come back to paving powder original position, elapsed time is longer, simultaneously in paving powder process, few for powder amount of powder, can cause spreading powder front and back inhomogeneous, many for powder amount of powder, can require to preset to shaped material demand increases, and scrape powder and adopt silica gel, very easily loss, exerts an influence to follow-up paving powder, therefore, seeking a kind of quantitatively powder feeding, two-way powder laying, flexibility scrapes the power spreading device of powder and has important researching value.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is that the shortcoming that overcomes prior art is with not enough, a kind of laser selective melting SLM equipment power spreading device is provided, this device can be realized quantitative powder feeding, two-way powder laying, flexibility are scraped powder, thereby saving powder supplies, shorten half paving powder time, and paving powder process there is good repair to technique unstability.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of paving powder method based on above-mentioned power spreading device, this method, by controlling turning to rotating speed and then realizing two-way powder laying and quantitatively powder feeding of servo drive motor, therefore can be saved the paving powder time, reduces production costs.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical scheme: a kind of laser selective melting SLM equipment power spreading device, comprise paving powder main body, auxiliary guide rail linear electric motors and auxiliary paving powder guided way, in the both sides of moulding cylinder, be provided with auxiliary paving powder guided way, paving powder main body two ends are arranged on auxiliary paving powder guided way by slide block respectively, and auxiliary guide rail linear electric motors are used for driving paving powder main body to slide on auxiliary paving powder guided way; Confession powder rod, powder-scraping device that described power spreading device also comprises servo drive motor and is arranged on paving powder body interior, paving powder body interior is divided into 3 sections, be respectively from top to bottom cylindrical section, arc section and conical section, cylindrical section Wei Zaifen district, between cylindrical section and arc section, be provided with powder inlet, arc section is provided with for powder rod, for being evenly provided with several dovetail grooves on powder rod, tangent for powder rod cylindrical and arc section top circular arc, for the rotation under servo drive motor drives of powder rod; Conical section is provided with powder-scraping device, and conical section bottom is meal outlet, and powder-scraping device upper end is with tangent for powder rod cylindrical, and meal outlet is stretched out in lower end, all leaves gap with meal outlet two ends.Thereby in the time of can guaranteeing that for powder rod cylindrical and arc section top circular arc are tangent dovetail groove rotates for powder rod, only take away the powder quantitatively identical with dovetail groove volume, can realize quantitative powder feeding, for powder rod, by servo drive motor, driven, the variation turning to along with servo drive motor can realize two-way powder laying simultaneously.
Preferably, described powder-scraping device comprises that clamping plate bracing or strutting arrangement, rigidity clamping plate and flexibility are scraped and whitewashes, and flexibility is scraped to whitewash and is clipped in rigidity clamping plate, and rigidity clamping plate are fixed on clamping plate bracing or strutting arrangement end.By adopting flexibility to scrape to whitewash, can realize flexibility and scrape powder, making to spread in powder process to have good repair to technique unstability.
Further, described flexibility is scraped to whitewash by several steel discs and is formed, and each steel plate thickness is at 0.03-1mm, and bottom scribing has sawtooth, intersects stacking placement in rigidity clamping plate, and the height that steel disc exposes rigidity clamping plate is that rigidity clamping plate are to the height of moulding datum plane.
Further, the steel disc of described flexibility in scraping and whitewashing is screwed in rigidity clamping plate, and rigidity clamping plate are T-shaped, are inserted in clamping plate bracing or strutting arrangement.
Preferably, described power spreading device two ends are also provided with for reclaiming the excessive powder of unnecessary powder and reclaim hangers case.
Preferably, in described Zai Fen district, be provided with the sensor for detection of amount of powder.
A kind of paving powder method based on above-mentioned power spreading device, comprise step: paving powder main body is slided on auxiliary paving powder guided way, servo drive motor drives for powder rod and starts to rotate, rotation direction is consistent with paving powder main body moving direction, powder in Zai Fen district falls into in the dovetail groove on powder rod by powder inlet, powder in dovetail groove is after the arc section rotation in paving powder main body, powder flows out from the gap of powder-scraping device and meal outlet, and the flexibility of powder-scraping device end is scraped to whitewash in reach process powder is carried out to uniform spreading.
Preferably, for powder amount number according to the load volume of the rotating speed of servo drive motor, wall scroll dovetail groove, for the quantity of dovetail groove on powder rod, determine, according to turning to of servo drive motor, determine that powder scrapes from flexibility that the left side of whitewashing goes out or right side goes out.Assurance powder always flows out in flexibility scrapes the place ahead of whitewashing direct of travel.
Preferably, described Zai Fen is provided with the sensor for detection of amount of powder in district, and sensor is connected with peripheral control unit, and Zai Fen district is connected with outside upper powder device, when in sensor detects Zai Fen district, amount of powder is lower than certain value, controller is controlled powder in upper powder device Dui Zaifen district.
Preferably, the described rotating speed for powder rod arranges according to SLM moulding bed thickness.
Compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages and beneficial effect in the present invention:
1, the present invention can realize quantitatively supplying powder by adopting with the powder rod that supplies of dovetail groove, reduces powder waste.
2, being driven by servo drive motor for powder rod in the present invention, can change powder emission direction by changing turning to of servo drive motor, therefore has two-way powder laying function, shortens the SLM moulding auxiliary process time, improves SLM shaping efficiency.
3, the present invention adopts flexibility to scrape and whitewashes powder is carried out to uniform spreading in paving powder main body reach process, and making to spread powder process has good repair to technique unstability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention middle berth powder main body;
Fig. 3 is the flexible structural representation of scraping the steel disc in whitewashing in apparatus of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-paving powder main body; 2-moulding cylinder; The excessive powder of 3-reclaims hangers case; 4-Zai Fen district; The auxiliary paving of 5-powder guided way; 6-auxiliary guide rail linear electric motors; 7-attachment screw; 8-servo drive motor; 9-is for powder rod; 10-servo drive motor transmitter shaft; 11-rigidity clamping plate; 12-clamping plate bracing or strutting arrangement; 13-flexibility is scraped and is whitewashed; 14-powder inlet; 15-meal outlet; 16-dovetail groove; 17-sawtooth.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
A kind of laser selective melting SLM equipment power spreading device is a kind of device of laying new one deck powder for SLM forming process, the present embodiment structure as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, comprise that paving powder main body 1, auxiliary guide rail linear electric motors 6, auxiliary paving powder guided way 5 and excessive powder reclaim hangers case 3, in the both sides of moulding cylinder 2, be provided with auxiliary paving powder guided way 5, the two ends that are also power spreading devices at the two ends of moulding cylinder 2 are respectively arranged with for reclaiming the excessive powder of unnecessary powder and reclaim hangers case 3.Paving powder main body 1 two ends are fixed on the slide block on auxiliary paving powder guided way 5 by attachment screw 7.Auxiliary guide rail linear electric motors 6 are for driving paving powder main body 1 to slide on auxiliary paving powder guided way 5.
As shown in Figure 2, confession powder rod 9, powder-scraping device that described power spreading device also comprises servo drive motor 8 and is arranged on paving powder main body 1 inside, paving powder main body 1 inside is divided into 3 sections, be respectively from top to bottom cylindrical section, arc section and conical section, cylindrical section Wei Zaifen district 4, between cylindrical section and arc section, be provided with powder inlet 14, arc section is provided with for powder rod 9, for being evenly provided with several dovetail grooves 16 on powder rod 9, tangent for powder rod 9 cylindricals and arc section top circular arc, for powder rod 9, be connected with the transmitter shaft of servo drive motor 8, rotation under servo drive motor 8 drives; Conical section is provided with powder-scraping device, and conical section bottom is meal outlet 15, and powder-scraping device upper end is with tangent for powder rod 9 cylindricals, and meal outlet is stretched out in lower end, all leaves gap with meal outlet two ends.Described powder-scraping device comprises that clamping plate bracing or strutting arrangement 12, rigidity clamping plate 11 and flexibility are scraped and whitewashes 13, and flexibility is scraped and whitewashed 13 and be clipped in rigidity clamping plate 11, and rigidity clamping plate 11 are fixed on clamping plate bracing or strutting arrangement 12 ends.
Flexibility in the present embodiment is scraped and is whitewashed 13 and be comprised of several steel discs, the structure of each steel disc as shown in Figure 3, thickness is at 0.05-1mm, bottom scribing has sawtooth 17, in rigidity clamping plate 11, according to sawtooth, intersect stacking placement, the height that steel disc exposes rigidity clamping plate is that rigidity clamping plate are to the height of moulding datum plane.
Paving powder main body and slide block in the present embodiment power spreading device are separable, after separation, this paving powder main body 1 are shifted out to SLM forming room, can facilitate the flexible replacing of whitewashing of scraping.Scrape while whitewashing changing flexibility, powder-scraping device is taken off with the screw that paving powder main body is connected, T-shaped rigidity clamping plate are extracted out from clamping plate bracing or strutting arrangement, by T-shaped rigidity clamping plate separately, 2～6 thin layer steel discs of bottom scribing sawtooth are intersected to pile and be stacked and placed between two rigidity clamping plate, adjusting the height that thin layer steel disc exposes, is highly the height of rigidity clamping plate to moulding datum plane.Rigidity clamping plate are tightened, insert in clamping plate bracing or strutting arrangement, clamping plate bracing or strutting arrangement is fixed in paving powder main body, then paving powder main body is relocated on the slide block on auxiliary paving powder guided way.
Operation starts, and by upper powder device, power spreading device is supplied to powder, and powder is stored in power spreading device Zai Fen district, there is the sensor that detects amount of powder in Zai Fen district, and sensor is connected with peripheral control unit, and Dang Zaifen district amount of powder is during lower than certain value, controller sends signal to upper powder device, powder in Dui Zaifen district.When Zai Fen district amount of powder enough meets lower two-layer paving powder, paving powder main body is under auxiliary guide rail linear electric motors drive, with certain speed, move, servo drive motor drives for powder rod and starts to rotate simultaneously, rotation direction is consistent with paving powder main body moving direction, and the rotating speed for powder rod arranges according to SLM moulding bed thickness, now the dovetail groove for powder rod top end carries full powder, tangent for powder rod cylindrical and arc section top circular arc, being dovetail groove coordinates for the arc-shaped gaps that is greater than dovetail groove width between upper right side, powder rod upper left side and rigid beam, guarantee that dovetail groove carries powder inexcessive, when rotating for powder rod, only take away the powder quantitatively identical with dovetail groove volume, powder flows out, put the place ahead of scraping the direct of travel whitewashing with power spreading device flexibility, flexibility is scraped and is whitewashed in reach process powder uniform spreading, until cover whole forming area completely.Unnecessary powder is reclaimed hangers case and is reclaimed by the both sides powder that overflows, and now 1 layer of powder paving powder completes.Laser instrument is opened, and laser beam is formulated graph scanning at forming area face according to central industrial computer by light path system.
After having scanned, power spreading device starts back and moves.When back moves, for the return motion under servo drive motor drives of powder rod, now quantitative powder flows out through the opposite side of power spreading device, is placed in flexibility and scrapes direct of travel the place ahead of whitewashing, is scraped to whitewash it is sprawled by flexibility.Until cover whole forming area completely, power spreading device completes return second layer paving powder, and laser beam scans forming area.
The beginning step that so reruns completes lower two-layer paving powder and moulding.
In use, for powder amount number be rotating speed according to servo drive motor, wall scroll dovetail groove load volume, for the quantity of dovetail groove on powder rod, decide.
This device has reduced the redundancy step of power spreading device in paving powder process, paving powder back and forth direction all spread powder, and middle flexibility is scraped and is whitewashed uniformity and the planarization that guarantees that powder is sprawled, and while there is the little warpage of regional area in moulding process generation fluctuation forming part, flexibility is scraped to whitewash and can be passed through smoothly this region, and this region spreads less powder or does not spread powder according to warpage situation, and unstability is had to good repair.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a laser selective melting SLM equipment power spreading device, comprise paving powder main body, auxiliary guide rail linear electric motors and auxiliary paving powder guided way, in the both sides of moulding cylinder, be provided with auxiliary paving powder guided way, paving powder main body two ends are arranged on auxiliary paving powder guided way by slide block respectively, and auxiliary guide rail linear electric motors are used for driving paving powder main body to slide on auxiliary paving powder guided way; It is characterized in that, confession powder rod, powder-scraping device that described power spreading device also comprises servo drive motor and is arranged on paving powder body interior, paving powder body interior is divided into 3 sections, be respectively from top to bottom cylindrical section, arc section and conical section, cylindrical section Wei Zaifen district, is provided with powder inlet between cylindrical section and arc section, arc section is provided with for powder rod, for being evenly provided with several dovetail grooves on powder rod, tangent for powder rod cylindrical and arc section top circular arc, for the rotation under servo drive motor drives of powder rod; Conical section is provided with powder-scraping device, and conical section bottom is meal outlet, and powder-scraping device upper end is with tangent for powder rod cylindrical, and meal outlet is stretched out in lower end, all leaves gap with meal outlet two ends.
2. laser selective melting SLM equipment power spreading device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described powder-scraping device comprises that clamping plate bracing or strutting arrangement, rigidity clamping plate and flexibility are scraped and whitewashes, and flexibility is scraped to whitewash and is clipped in rigidity clamping plate, and rigidity clamping plate are fixed on clamping plate bracing or strutting arrangement end.
3. laser selective melting SLM equipment power spreading device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described flexibility is scraped to whitewash by several steel discs and is formed, each steel plate thickness is at 0.03-1mm, bottom scribing has sawtooth, in rigidity clamping plate, intersect stacking placement, the height that steel disc exposes rigidity clamping plate is that rigidity clamping plate are to the height of moulding datum plane.
4. laser selective melting SLM equipment power spreading device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the steel disc of described flexibility in scraping and whitewashing is screwed in rigidity clamping plate, and rigidity clamping plate are T-shaped, are inserted in clamping plate bracing or strutting arrangement.
5. laser selective melting SLM equipment power spreading device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described power spreading device two ends are also provided with for reclaiming the excessive powder of unnecessary powder and reclaim hangers case.
6. laser selective melting SLM equipment power spreading device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Zai Fen is provided with the sensor for detection of amount of powder in district.
7. the paving powder method based on laser selective melting SLM equipment power spreading device claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise step: paving powder main body is slided on auxiliary paving powder guided way, servo drive motor drives for powder rod and starts to rotate, rotation direction is consistent with paving powder main body moving direction, powder in Zai Fen district falls into in the dovetail groove on powder rod by powder inlet, powder in dovetail groove is after the arc section rotation in paving powder main body, powder flows out from the gap of powder-scraping device and meal outlet, the flexibility of powder-scraping device end is scraped to whitewash in reach process powder is carried out to uniform spreading.
8. paving powder method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, for powder amount number according to the load volume of the rotating speed of servo drive motor, wall scroll dovetail groove, for the quantity of dovetail groove on powder rod, determine, according to turning to of servo drive motor, determine that powder scrapes from flexibility that the left side of whitewashing goes out or right side goes out.
9. paving powder method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described Zai Fen is provided with the sensor for detection of amount of powder in district, sensor is connected with peripheral control unit, Zai Fen district is connected with outside upper powder device, when in sensor detects Zai Fen district, amount of powder is lower than certain value, controller is controlled powder in upper powder device Dui Zaifen district.
10. paving powder method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the described rotating speed for powder rod arranges according to SLM moulding bed thickness.
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| CN104325140A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-02-04 | 韶关学院 | Method and device for flexibly spreading metal powder for selective laser melting additive manufacturing |
| CN104625062A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-05-20 | 重庆大学 | Reciprocating powder laying device for selective laser melting |
| CN105293102A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏永年激光成形技术有限公司 | SLM 3D printer quantitative powder feeding device |
| CN105478769A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2016-04-13 | 上海拓宝机电科技有限公司 | Metal powder conveying device and selective laser melting equipment |
| CN105568278A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-05-11 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for automatically pressing pellets and placing pressed powder pellets in laser cladding process |
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