CN104325140A - Method and device for flexibly spreading metal powder for selective laser melting additive manufacturing - Google Patents
Method and device for flexibly spreading metal powder for selective laser melting additive manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN104325140A CN104325140A CN201410660002.3A CN201410660002A CN104325140A CN 104325140 A CN104325140 A CN 104325140A CN 201410660002 A CN201410660002 A CN 201410660002A CN 104325140 A CN104325140 A CN 104325140A
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- paving powder
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- metal dust
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and device for flexibly spreading metal powder for selective laser melting additive manufacturing. When a plurality of powder spreading teeth with lower ends being leveled to one another move on a powder spreading plane, the metal powder is flatly laid by the powder spreading teeth, and when the powder spreading process encounters a hard projection, the powder spreading teeth can be automatically, reasonably and stably adjusted by virtue of gravity and magnetic force. The device for flexibly spreading the metal powder and realizing the method comprises a fixed box as well as a magnetic absorption plate, a powder spreading tooth unit and a return pressure block, which are arranged in the fixed box, the magnetic absorption plate is fixed in the fixed box, powder spreading teeth units are adsorbed on the magnetic absorption plate by virtue of the magnetic force, and the return pressure block is carried by the powder spreading teeth units. The method is ingenious in principle and convenient and easy to implement; the device has the advantages of simple structure, long service life, less powder spreading trace, precision for avoiding barriers and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and increase material manufacturing technology field, particularly relate to a kind of precinct laser fusion and increase the flexible spreading methods of material manufacture metal dust and device.
Background technology
Along with the development of science and technology, the method for metal parts rapid shaping is varied, and wherein precinct laser fusion is a kind of quick molding method relatively commonly used.The forming process of precinct laser fusion is as follows: power spreading device is layer overlay metal dust on moulding cylinder, laser beam under the control of the computer, according to profiled member interface shape information, carries out selective scanning to powder, make the powder bonding in scanning area or fusing, obtain the monolayer shape of profiled member; Then the distance of moulding cylinder decline thick layer, power spreading device spreads powder again, proceeds lower one deck and obtains shaping; So successively superpose, the final metal parts obtaining geometry in particular.
Refer to Fig. 1, it is traditional paving powder schematic diagram.Tradition increases in manufacture process, and power spreading device is pole shape powder-laying roller or rigidity paving powder scraper plate Q, sprawls in process at new powder, very easily there is the phenomenon that Pu Fen mechanism and rigid protruding T collide, cause forming part impaired, even because Pu Fen mechanism is stuck, be forced to interrupt forming process.Therefore, the metal parts with this kind of Pu Fen mechanism increases material manufacturing equipment and requires very harsh to moulding process, causes equipment operating cost high.
For preventing this phenomenon, at present in precinct laser fusion process, existing equipment component manufacturer has used flexible paving powder technology, it normally has flexible metal plate material for the scraper plate spreading powder, as the stainless steel thin slice etc. of 0.2mm, metal plate material is made comb teeth-shaped, the interlaced superposition of polylith comb teeth-shaped elastic doctor blade, form flexible paving powder scraper plate, in paving powder process, as run into the rigid projection of hard, elastic scraper can deform and walk around rigid projection, restore to the original state again after walking around rigid projection, continue the action of paving powder.But this dentation flexibility paving powder scraper plate is due to course of work repeated deformation, and be pollinated in paving powder process bed or the heat effect with contacted rigid projection, very easily there is plastic deformation, cause must just changing a dentation flexibility paving powder scraper plate every a period of time.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming and defect existed in prior art, the invention provides a kind of precinct laser fusion and increasing the flexible spreading methods of material manufacture metal dust.
Meanwhile, the invention provides a kind of precinct laser fusion and increase the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of precinct laser fusion increases the flexible spreading methods of material manufacture metal dust, comprise the steps: that precinct laser fusion being increased the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust is arranged in paving powder plane, paving powder tooth unit in device is made up of the paving powder tooth be arranged parallel to each other, these paving powder tooth lower ends flush mutually, and contact with metal dust, precinct laser fusion increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust and moves in paving powder plane, and metal dust is spread powder tooth and entirely lays.Further, when described paving powder plane have rigid protruding time, the paving powder tooth of described rigid protruding correspondence position by rigid protruding jack-up, after rigid projection, resetted under the Action of Gravity Field of a block reset briquetting by the paving powder tooth of jack-up, and adsorbed location by magnetic force; The paving powder tooth do not contacted with rigid projection, by magneticaction, is positioned at original place by absorption and does not spread the impact of powder tooth motion by institute's jack-up.
Relative to prior art, it is ingenious that precinct laser fusion of the present invention increases the flexible spreading methods principle of material manufacture metal dust, convenient easily implementation, it utilizes the magnetic force of reset briquetting gravity and paving powder between cog to realize paving powder tooth position and automatically, rationally and steadily adjusts, reach the effect of flexible paving powder, the flexible spreading methods of metal dust increasing material manufacture for precinct laser fusion provides new selection.
A kind of precinct laser fusion increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust, comprise fixed bin and be arranged on magnetic suction disc, paving powder tooth unit and the reset briquetting in fixed bin, described magnetic suction disc is fixed in described fixed bin, described paving powder tooth unit is by magnetic-adsorption on described magnetic suction disc, and described paving powder tooth unit carries described reset briquetting.Further, described paving powder tooth unit comprises paving powder tooth, and described paving powder tooth comprises permeable section, and the permeable section of described paving powder tooth is adsorbed on the side of described magnetic suction disc.
Further, described paving powder tooth also comprises non-magnetic part, and described non-magnetic partial fixing is connected to below permeable section.
Further, the paving powder tooth of described paving powder tooth unit is arranged parallel to each other, and permeable section polarity under the magnetization of magnetic suction disc of adjacent paving powder tooth is identical.
Further, the upper surface of each paving powder tooth of described paving powder tooth unit flushes respectively with lower surface.
Further, a through hole is offered in described fixed bin bottom surface, and described paving powder tooth unit lower end is stretched out from described through hole.
Further, described fixed bin upper opening; Also comprise a dust cap, described dust cap is placed in above fixed bin.
Relative to prior art, precinct laser fusion of the present invention increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust and utilizes the magnetic force realization paving powder tooth position of reset briquetting gravity and paving powder between cog automatically, rationally and steadily to adjust, reach the effect of flexible paving powder, it has, and structure is simple, life cycle long, the few trace of paving powder, keep away the advantages such as barrier is accurate.
In order to understand better and implement, describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is traditional paving powder schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that the precinct laser fusion of embodiment one increases material manufacture schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view that precinct laser fusion increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust.
Fig. 4 is the B-B sectional view that precinct laser fusion increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust.
Fig. 5 is that paving powder tooth is by partial sectional view during rigid protruding jack-up.
Fig. 6 is the slide block Connection Block scheme of installation that precinct laser fusion increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust.
Fig. 7 is that the precinct laser fusion of embodiment two increases material manufacture schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
Refer to Fig. 2, it is the precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacture schematic diagram of embodiment one.The precinct laser fusion of the present embodiment increases material manufacturing installation and comprises the moulding cylinder piston X and material cylinder piston Y that are arranged side by side, and the precinct laser fusion be positioned at above this moulding cylinder piston X and material cylinder piston Y increases the flexible spreading device P of material manufacture metal dust.Metal dust is layed in the upper surface of moulding cylinder piston X and material cylinder piston Y, and is paved by the flexible spreading device P of this precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacture metal dust.
Please refer to the A-A sectional view that Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 3 are the flexible spreading devices of precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacture metal dust, Fig. 4 is the B-B sectional view that precinct laser fusion increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust.
Precinct laser fusion of the present invention increases the flexible spreading device P of material manufacture metal dust, comprise reset briquetting 1, paving powder tooth unit 2, magnetic suction disc 3, fixed bin 4 and dust cap 5, reset briquetting 1, paving powder tooth unit 2 and magnetic suction disc 3 are arranged in fixed bin 4, magnetic suction disc 3 is fixed on the inner bottom surface of fixed bin 4, paving powder tooth unit 2 is positioned on magnetic suction disc 3 by magnetic force by absorption, paving powder tooth unit 2 carries reset briquetting 1, and dust cap 5 is placed in above fixed bin 4.
Particularly, paving powder tooth unit 2 is formed by stacking by the paving powder tooth 21 of more than 50 is parallel, and paving powder tooth 21 is arranged parallel to each other, and the thickness that every sheet spreads powder tooth 21 is 0.5mm ~ 1mm.The upper surface of each paving powder tooth 21 flushes respectively with lower surface.Paving powder tooth 21 comprises permeable section 211 and non-magnetic part 212, and permeable section 211 is preferably arranged to one " U " shape by the present embodiment, and reset briquetting 1 is nested in this " U " shape structure, and like this, paving powder tooth unit 2 more stably carries reset briquetting 1; Permeable section 211 is adsorbed on the side of magnetic suction disc 3, and the non-magnetic part 212 of paving powder tooth 21 is fixedly connected on below permeable section 211, and permeable section 211 is preferably connected with non-magnetic part 212 with welding by the present embodiment.Permeable section 211 is stainless steel permeability magnetic material, and non-magnetic part 212 is non-magnetic metal material, and as copper alloy, titanium alloy, aluminium alloy etc., the present embodiment preferably adopts the non-magnetic part 212 of copper alloy.A through hole is offered in fixed bin 4 bottom surface, and paving powder tooth unit 2 lower end is stretched out from through hole.
Further, magnetic suction disc 3 adopts the material of band remanent magnetism to make, and as rare-earth Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic material, the iron block etc. that is magnetized, the present embodiment preferably adopts rare-earth Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic material to make magnetic suction disc 3.Magnetic suction disc 3 with magnetic the permeable section 211 of paving powder tooth 21 can be magnetized, make magnetic suction disc 3 can hold each paving powder tooth 21 securely; Meanwhile, the polarity due to the permeable section 211 of adjacent paving powder tooth 21 is identical and there is mutual expelling force, and the frictional force between paving powder tooth 21 adjacent is like this negligible.Magnetic suction disc 3 position be placed in fixed bin 4 should make its face of magnetizing arrange along the vertical direction, its size need obtain as calculated, its calculating principle ensures that magnetic suction disc 3 surface induction intensity can adsorb paving powder tooth 21 comparatively securely, and the periphery object contributions that magnetic suction disc 3 is adjusted the distance outside its 3mm is little as far as possible.
Further, fixed bin 4 adopts non-magnetic metal material to make, and as aluminium alloy, copper alloy etc., the present embodiment preferably adopts aluminium alloy.The wall thickness of fixed bin 4 should ensure that fixed bin 4 outer wall can not be adsorbed onto magnetic conductive metal powder because of magnetic suction disc 3 effect.
Further, the Action of Gravity Field of reset briquetting 1 can make to be resetted after walking around rigid projection by the gear piece of jack-up in paving powder process; Dust cap 5 enters in fixed bin 4 for preventing dust.For preventing magnetic suction disc 3, magneticaction is produced to reset briquetting 1 and dust cap 5, reset briquetting 1 and dust cap 5 also adopt non-magnetic metal material, as copper alloy, aluminium alloy etc., the present embodiment reset briquetting 1 preferably have employed copper alloy manufacture and forms, and dust cap 5 preferably have employed aluminium alloy manufacture and forms.
Refer to Fig. 5, it is that paving powder tooth is by partial sectional view during rigid protruding jack-up.In paving powder process, if do not run into the rigid protruding T exceeding paving powder plane, each paving powder tooth 21 proper alignment of paving powder tooth unit 2, bottom is a flat surface, powder is flattened be laid.If any the rigid protruding T exceeding paving powder plane, the paving powder tooth 21 of rigid protruding T correspondence position will by jack-up under rigid protruding T active force, and reset briquetting 1 is also by jack-up simultaneously.When power spreading device continues reach, after leaving rigid protruding T, the active force of rigid protruding T to paving powder tooth 21 disappears, and reset briquetting 1 resets under gravity, and paving powder tooth 21 also gets back to home position under reset briquetting 1 Action of Gravity Field.Do not touch the adjacent paving powder tooth 21 of rigid protruding T, on the one hand by the suction of magnetic suction disc 3, make it can not produce the displacement of vertical direction, on the other hand there is phase repulsive interaction because the magnetic force polarity of adjacent paving powder tooth 21 is identical, each paving powder tooth 21 frictional force are very little, even if therefore touch the paving powder tooth 21 of rigid protruding T by jack-up, its adjacent paving powder tooth 21 still can be attracted on magnetic suction disc 3, ensure that the paving powder planarization of adjacent paving powder tooth 21 when not running into rigid protruding T.
Fig. 6 is the slide block Connection Block scheme of installation that precinct laser fusion increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust.Precinct laser fusion is increased the flexible spreading device P both sides of material manufacture metal dust and install slide block Connection Block 6, and slide block Connection Block 6 is fixed on guide rail slide block.Precinct laser fusion increases the flexible spreading device P of material manufacture metal dust and carries out paving powder by slide block at slide on rails.
Below illustrate the course of work that this precinct laser fusion increases material manufacturing installation:
Time initial, precinct laser fusion increases the side that the flexible spreading device P of material manufacture metal dust is positioned at material cylinder piston Y, before precinct laser fusion increases the flexible spreading device P motion of material manufacture metal dust, material cylinder piston Y first rises the distance of 1 bisque, the distance of the corresponding decline of moulding cylinder piston X 1 bisque; Precinct laser fusion increases the flexible spreading device P of material manufacture metal dust and carries out powder laying subsequently.In paving powder process, if do not run into the rigid protruding T exceeding paving powder plane, each paving powder tooth 21 proper alignment of paving powder tooth unit 2, bottom is a flat surface, powder is flattened be laid.When running into the rigid protruding T exceeding paving powder plane, the paving powder tooth 21 of rigid protruding T correspondence position will by jack-up under rigid protruding T active force, and reset briquetting 1 is also by jack-up simultaneously.When power spreading device continues reach, after leaving rigid protruding T, the active force of rigid protruding T to paving powder tooth 21 disappears, and reset briquetting 1 resets under gravity, and paving powder tooth 21 is also got back to home position and adsorbed by magnetic suction disc 3 and locates under reset briquetting 1 Action of Gravity Field.Do not touch the adjacent paving powder tooth 21 of rigid protruding T, on the one hand by the suction of magnetic suction disc 3, make it can not produce the displacement of vertical direction, on the other hand there is phase repulsive interaction because the magnetic force polarity of adjacent paving powder tooth 21 is identical, each paving powder tooth 21 frictional force are very little, even if therefore touch the paving powder tooth 21 of rigid protruding T by jack-up, its adjacent paving powder tooth 21 still can be attracted on magnetic suction disc 3, ensure that the paving powder planarization of adjacent paving powder tooth 21 when not running into rigid protruding T.Along with precinct laser fusion increases the side that the flexible spreading device P of material manufacture metal dust moves to moulding cylinder piston X, paving powder process terminates.
Embodiment two
Refer to Fig. 7, it is the precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacture schematic diagram of embodiment two.A precinct laser fusion is respectively installed on Sheng powder bucket D both sides and increases the flexible spreading device P of material manufacture metal dust, the flexible power spreading device E of composition powder bucket type.The flexible spreading device P-structure of precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacture metal dust of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment one.
The precinct laser fusion increasing material manufacturing installation paving powder process of the present embodiment is as follows:
Time initial, the flexible power spreading device E of powder bucket type is positioned at the side of moulding cylinder piston X, and before the flexible power spreading device E motion of powder bucket type, moulding cylinder piston X declines the distance of 1 bisque, and the flexible power spreading device E of powder bucket type carries out powder laying subsequently.In paving powder process, if do not run into the rigid protruding T exceeding paving powder plane, each paving powder tooth 21 proper alignment of paving powder tooth unit 2, bottom is a flat surface, powder is flattened be laid.When running into the rigid protruding T exceeding paving powder plane, the paving powder tooth 21 of rigid protruding T correspondence position will by jack-up under rigid protruding T active force, and reset briquetting 1 is also by jack-up simultaneously.When power spreading device continues reach, after leaving rigid protruding T, the active force of rigid protruding T to paving powder tooth 21 disappears, and reset briquetting 1 resets under gravity, and paving powder tooth 21 is also got back to home position and adsorbed by magnetic suction disc 3 and locates under reset briquetting 1 Action of Gravity Field.Do not touch the adjacent paving powder tooth 21 of rigid protruding T, on the one hand by the suction of magnetic suction disc 3, make it can not produce the displacement of vertical direction, on the other hand there is phase repulsive interaction because the magnetic force polarity of adjacent paving powder tooth 21 is identical, each paving powder tooth 21 frictional force are very little, even if therefore touch the paving powder tooth 21 of rigid protruding T by jack-up, its adjacent paving powder tooth 21 still can be attracted on magnetic suction disc 3, ensure that the paving powder planarization of adjacent paving powder tooth 21 when not running into rigid protruding T.Along with the flexible power spreading device E of powder bucket type moves to the opposite side of moulding cylinder piston X, paving powder process terminates.
Relative to prior art, it is ingenious that precinct laser fusion of the present invention increases the flexible spreading methods principle of material manufacture metal dust, conveniently easily carries out, and flexible the sprawling of metal dust increasing material manufacturing technology for precinct laser fusion provides new selection.Precinct laser fusion of the present invention increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust by arranging reset briquetting and the paving powder tooth with permeable section, utilize the magnetic force of reset briquetting gravity and paving powder between cog to realize paving powder tooth position automatically, rationally and steadily to adjust, reach the effect of flexible paving powder, it has, and structure is simple, life cycle long, the few trace of paving powder, keep away the advantages such as barrier is accurate.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, if do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention to various change of the present invention or distortion, if these are changed and distortion belongs within claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies scope, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these changes and distortion.
Claims (9)
1. a precinct laser fusion increases the flexible spreading methods of material manufacture metal dust, comprise the steps: that precinct laser fusion being increased the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust is arranged in paving powder plane, paving powder tooth unit in device is made up of the paving powder tooth that multi-disc is arranged in parallel, the lower end of each paving powder tooth flushes mutually, and contact with metal dust, precinct laser fusion increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust and moves in paving powder plane, and metal dust is spread powder tooth and entirely lays; If paving powder process runs into rigid projection, by utilizing gravity and magnetic force, each paving powder tooth can adjust relevant position automatically, rationally and reposefully, ensure that stable and the smooth of powder of paving powder process is sprawled.
2. precinct laser fusion according to claim 1 increases the flexible spreading methods of material manufacture metal dust, it is characterized in that: when described paving powder plane has rigid projection, the paving powder tooth of described rigid protruding correspondence position is by rigid protruding jack-up, after rigid projection, resetted under the Action of Gravity Field of a block reset briquetting by the paving powder tooth of jack-up, and adsorbed location by magnetic force; The paving powder tooth do not contacted with rigid projection, by magneticaction, is positioned at original place by absorption and does not spread the impact of powder tooth motion by institute's jack-up.
3. a laser fusion increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust, it is characterized in that: comprise fixed bin and be arranged on magnetic suction disc, paving powder tooth unit and the reset briquetting in fixed bin, described magnetic suction disc is fixed in described fixed bin, described paving powder tooth unit is by magnetic-adsorption on described magnetic suction disc, and described paving powder tooth unit carries described reset briquetting.
4. precinct laser fusion according to claim 3 increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust, it is characterized in that: described paving powder tooth unit comprises paving powder tooth, described paving powder tooth comprises permeable section, and the permeable section of described paving powder tooth is adsorbed on the side of described magnetic suction disc.
5. precinct laser fusion according to claim 4 increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust, it is characterized in that: described paving powder tooth also comprises non-magnetic part, and described non-magnetic partial fixing is connected to below permeable section.
6. the precinct laser fusion according to any one of claim 4 or 5 increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust, it is characterized in that: the paving powder tooth of described paving powder tooth unit is arranged parallel to each other, permeable section polarity under the magnetization of magnetic suction disc of adjacent paving powder tooth is identical.
7. precinct laser fusion according to claim 6 increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust, it is characterized in that: the upper surface of each paving powder tooth of described paving powder tooth unit flushes respectively with lower surface.
8. precinct laser fusion according to claim 7 increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust, and it is characterized in that: a through hole is offered in described fixed bin bottom surface, described paving powder tooth unit lower end is stretched out from described through hole.
9. precinct laser fusion according to claim 8 increases the flexible spreading device of material manufacture metal dust, it is characterized in that: described fixed bin upper opening; Also comprise a dust cap, described dust cap is placed in above fixed bin.
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| CN107303608A (en) * | 2016-04-23 | 2017-10-31 | 罗天珍 | 3D printing micro- comb powdering method and the printer with pectination powder scraping sheet |
| CN108971482A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 苏州智能制造研究院有限公司 | A kind of planar array column magnetic control increasing material manufacturing method |
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| CN113828802A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-24 | 南通理工学院 | Flexible metal powder spreading device for additive manufacturing |
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| CN110893459A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-03-20 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Spreadable powder slurry for additive manufacturing |
| CN112571795A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-30 | 上海睿现信息科技有限公司 | 3D prints dustproof scraper motion structure |
| CN113927048A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-01-14 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Selective powder laying device for selective laser melting and forming of large thin-walled part |
| CN113828802A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-24 | 南通理工学院 | Flexible metal powder spreading device for additive manufacturing |
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| CN104325140B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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Effective date of registration: 20201019 Address after: Suzhou City, Jiangsu province 215600 Zhangjiagang Yang Binhe Road, No. 5 ikang B building Patentee after: SUZHOU COFFMAN MACHINERY Co.,Ltd. Address before: Da Tang Road 512005 Guangdong province Zhenjiang District of Shaoguan City nine kilometers Patentee before: SHAOGUAN University |