CN103683403A - Method and device for balancing battery capacity of battery system and electric automobile - Google Patents
Method and device for balancing battery capacity of battery system and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN103683403A CN103683403A CN201310648452.6A CN201310648452A CN103683403A CN 103683403 A CN103683403 A CN 103683403A CN 201310648452 A CN201310648452 A CN 201310648452A CN 103683403 A CN103683403 A CN 103683403A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010281 constant-current constant-voltage charging Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 241000167854 Bourreria succulenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002097 Lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for balancing the battery capacity of a battery system. The method includes the steps of firstly, charging the battery system till charging is stopped, and recording the voltages of all independent batteries in the battery system when charging is stopped; secondly, selecting out independent batteries with higher voltages in the battery system when charging is stopped, and sequentially or simultaneously conducting discharging balancing on the selected independent batteries; thirdly, recharging the battery system till charging is stopped, and recording the voltages of all the independent batteries in the battery system when recharging is stopped; fourthly, judging whether the battery system meets the balancing stopping condition or not according to the voltages, recorded when recharging is stopped, of all the independent batteries in the battery system, if yes, judging that balancing is stopped, and if not, executing the second step. Accordingly, the invention provides a device for balancing the battery capacity of the battery system and an electric automobile. The method and device for balancing the battery capacity of the battery system can easily and effectively conduct battery capacity balancing on the lithium iron phosphate batteries.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pure electric automobile battery system technical field, be specifically related to a kind of balance method of battery capacity, device and pure electric automobile of battery system.
Background technology
Existing pure electric automobile generally adopts lithium ion battery as actuating force, the positive electrode of lithium ion battery has a variety of, mainly contain cobalt acid lithium, LiMn2O4, lithium nickelate, ter-polymers, LiFePO4 etc., wherein the advantage such as ferric phosphate lithium cell security performance is high, the life-span is long because having, high-temperature behavior is good, capacity is large, memory-less effect, lightweight, environmental protection is widely used in pure electric automobile.
Because the rated voltage of lithium ion single battery only has 3.2V, and the rated voltage that can meet the electrokinetic cell that pure electric automobile uses is generally more than 300V, so electrokinetic cell adopts by a plurality of lithium ion single batteries conventionally by going here and there and connecting the power brick (being battery system) assembling, therefore the consistency difference between each lithium ion single battery in power brick can have a strong impact on the performances such as life-span of power brick.
For the characteristic of lithium ion battery itself, in power brick, the performance of each lithium ion single battery cannot reach in full accord.First, the production technology of lithium ion battery itself will cause the capacity of each lithium ion battery inconsistent, resistance is inconsistent and voltage is inconsistent; Secondly, although all can screen each lithium ion single battery wherein before assembled battery bag, to screen out the poor cell of consistency, thereby strengthened matching degree, but the inconsistent wherein consistency difference between each lithium ion single battery that also can cause of power brick running environment increases; Again, power brick in use, because the rate of decay of each lithium ion single battery capacity is wherein different, inconsistent its working temperature that causes of internal resistance of each lithium ion single battery is different, therefore cause the depth of discharge of each lithium ion single battery different, so circulation worsens, and makes the difference of each lithium ion single battery initial performance parameter constantly accumulate and amplify, and causes the performance of power brick constantly to decline.
In order to address the above problem, prior art has proposed to adopt vehicle-mounted equalizer to realize the scheme of battery capacity equilibrium, but this scheme is not too applicable to ferric phosphate lithium cell.Because the flash-over characteristic of ferric phosphate lithium cell is: there is good discharge platform on discharge curve, and the battery capacity of platform section accounts for 80% of total battery capacity, therefore battery capacity and cell voltage or other battery parameters easily obtaining there is no good corresponding relation.If adopt existing vehicle-mounted equalizer to carry out battery capacity equilibrium in real time to ferric phosphate lithium cell, strict requirement is all being proposed aspect balance policy and equalization algorithm, and the each balanced battery capacity of equalization request is less in real time, this just requires the equalization algorithm must be very accurate, be unfavorable for applying, therefore existing scheme is not too applicable to ferric phosphate lithium cell.
To sum up, need badly at present and a kind ofly for ferric phosphate lithium cell, carry out battery capacity balanced and simple, effective method.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for existing above-mentioned defect in prior art, and providing a kind of can carry out balanced and simple, the effective equalization methods of battery capacity, balancer and pure electric automobile to ferric phosphate lithium cell.
Solve the technical scheme that the technology of the present invention problem adopts:
The balance method of battery capacity of described battery system comprises the steps:
1) described battery system is charged until the cut-off of charging, and the voltage of all cells in battery system during record charging cut-off;
2) while selecting charging cut-off, each higher cell of voltage in battery system, carries out equalization discharge to each cell of selecting successively or simultaneously;
3) again described battery system is charged until the cut-off of charging, and the voltage of all cells in battery system during record charging cut-off;
4) during according to charging cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets balanced cut-off condition, in this way, judges balanced end, as no, returns to step 2).
Preferably, in step 1) and step 3), adopt constant-current constant-voltage charging method to charge to described battery system;
In step 4), during according to charging cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets balanced cut-off condition and be specially:
According to the voltage of all cells in when cut-off charging battery system, judge whether described battery system meets current cut-off condition, or during according to charging cut-off in battery system the voltage of all cells judge whether described battery system meets the first default pressure reduction.
Preferably, in step 1) and step 3), adopt constant current charge method or constant voltage charge method to charge to described battery system;
In step 4), during according to charging cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets balanced cut-off condition and be specially:
During according to charging cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets the first default pressure reduction.
Preferably, described method also comprises carries out verification step to equilibrium result, is specially:
5) when judging balanced end, described battery system is discharged until the cut-off of discharge, and the discharge voltage of all cells while ending of record;
6) during according to electric discharge cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets the second default pressure reduction, in this way, decision verification finishes, and as no, select each cell of low voltage in when cut-off electric discharge battery system and is replaced by new battery.
The present invention also provides a kind of battery capacity balancer of battery system, and described battery system comprises a plurality of cells, and described device comprises: charhing unit, the first record cell, first are selected unit, balanced unit and the first judging unit;
Described charhing unit is for charging until the cut-off of charging to described battery system;
Described the first record cell is for recording the voltage of all cells of when cut-off charging battery system, and exports first to and select unit;
Described first selects unit for select each higher cell of when cut-off charging battery system voltage according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records;
Described balanced unit is for carrying out equalization discharge to each cell of selecting successively or simultaneously;
Described charhing unit, also for completing after equalization discharge at balanced unit, continues described battery system to charge until the cut-off of charging;
Described the first record cell is also for recording the voltage of all cells of when cut-off charging battery system, and exports respectively first to and select unit and the first judging unit;
Described the first judging unit is used for according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, described in during judgement charging cut-off, whether battery system meets balanced cut-off condition, in this way, judge balanced end, as no, first select unit, balanced unit, charhing unit and the first record cell and repeat separately and work successively, until the first judging unit is judged balanced end.
Preferably, described charhing unit adopts constant-current constant-voltage charging method to charge to described battery system;
Described the first judging unit is according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, described in when cut-off judgement charging, whether battery system meets balanced cut-off condition and is specially: according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, described in during judgement charging cut-off, whether battery system meets current cut-off condition, or according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, whether battery system meets the first default pressure reduction described in when cut-off judgement charging.
Preferably, described charhing unit adopts constant current charge method or constant voltage charge method to charge to described battery system;
Described the first judging unit is according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, described in when cut-off judgement charging, whether battery system meets balanced cut-off condition and is specially: according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, during judgement charging cut-off described in battery system whether meet the first default pressure reduction.
Preferably, also comprise: discharge cell, the second record cell, the second judging unit, second are selected unit and replacement unit;
Described discharge cell, for when the first judging unit is judged balanced end, discharges to described battery system, until electric discharge cut-off;
The voltage of all cells when described the second record cell ends for recording electric discharge, and export the second judging unit to;
Described the second judging unit is used for according to the voltage of all cells of the second recording unit records, described in during judgement electric discharge cut-off, whether battery system meets the second default pressure reduction, and in this way, decision verification finishes, as no, output signal to second and select unit;
Described second selects unit for after receiving the signal of the second judging unit output, each cell of low voltage in battery system while selecting electric discharge cut-off;
Described replacement unit is for being replaced by new battery by second each cell of selecting the low voltage of selecting unit.
Preferably, described battery system is the battery system of LiFePO4 system.
The present invention also provides a kind of pure electric automobile that comprises the battery capacity balancer of above-mentioned battery system.
Beneficial effect:
Balance method of battery capacity and the device of battery system of the present invention (being power brick), first battery system is charged, then under the full electric state of battery system, (being that battery system is when charging cut-off state) carries out equalization discharge to it, so circulation is repeatedly until battery system meets balanced cut-off condition, to improve the consistency between each cell in battery system, visible the present invention does not need very accurately algorithm just can realize the capacity equilibrium between each cell in battery system, simple to operate, effective, can also extend the useful life of battery system, thereby be specially adapted to ferric phosphate lithium cell system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the balance method of battery capacity of battery system described in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is voltage waveform and the current waveform schematic diagram while adopting constant-current constant-voltage charging method to charge to battery system in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the balance method of battery capacity of battery system described in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 4 is to the charge magnitude of voltage schematic diagram of forward and backward each cell of battery system in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 5 is when equilibrium result is verified in the embodiment of the present invention 2, discharge curve schematic diagram when the contained cell of battery system all meets the second default pressure reduction;
Fig. 6 is when equilibrium result is verified in the embodiment of the present invention 2, discharge curve schematic diagram when battery system contains the cell that does not meet the second default pressure reduction;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the battery capacity balancer of battery system described in the embodiment of the present invention 3;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the battery capacity balancer of battery system described in the embodiment of the present invention 4.
Embodiment
For making those skilled in the art understand better technical scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the balance method of battery capacity of battery system of the present invention, device and pure electric automobile are described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of balance method of battery capacity of battery system, described battery system comprises a plurality of cells, because the structure of battery system belongs to prior art, therefore the connected mode of a plurality of cells wherein also belongs to prior art, can be by those skilled in the art according to the actual requirements with series connection, or the mode such as connection in series-parallel combination assembles, and do not repeat them here.
Described method comprises the steps:
S101. described battery system is charged until the cut-off of charging, so that battery system is in full power state, and the voltage of all cells in battery system during record charging cut-off.
Because described battery system can be used in automobile, thereby therefore can adopt external 220V power supply that automobile is charged battery system is charged, and can be battery system charging process (starting to charging cut-off from charging) the battery management system (BMS) of employing automobile detect in real time and record the voltage of all cells in the global voltage of battery system and battery system.
While s102. selecting charging cut-off, each higher cell of voltage in battery system, carries out equalization discharge to each cell of selecting successively or simultaneously.
In described step s102, while selecting charging cut-off, in battery system, each higher cell of voltage is specially:
Predeterminated voltage higher limit, when charging cut-off, if the voltage of the one or more cells in battery system is greater than default described upper voltage limit value, judge that described one or more cell is as the higher cell of voltage, and select the numbering of the higher described one or more cells of voltage.Wherein, described upper voltage limit value can be set according to the actual requirements voluntarily by those skilled in the art.
In described step s102, successively or each cell of selecting is carried out to equalization discharge simultaneously and be specially:
S102-1. calculate respectively the capacity of the required electric discharge of each cell of selecting:
With reference to the initial charge curve of the cell identical with the model of each cell of selecting, (described initial charge curve Ke You battery production producer provides, and the voltage of cell and the corresponding relation of capacity during according to the known charging cut-off of initial charge curve), the capacity of each cell of selecting while calculating respectively charging cut-off according to described initial charge curve is poor with the capacity mean value of each cell (other cells) not being selected, and this difference is the capacity of required electric discharge;
S102-2. equalization discharge:
According to the capacity of the required electric discharge of described each cell calculating, in battery system when cut-off charging (battery system in full power state time), adopt existing equalizer or load successively or described each cell is carried out to equalization discharge simultaneously, to eliminate unnecessary capacity,, the capacity of the required electric discharge of described each cell is discharged, rather than transfer on each cell not being selected.
S103. again described battery system is charged until the cut-off of charging, and the voltage of all cells in battery system during record charging cut-off.
During s104. according to charging cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets balanced cut-off condition, in this way, judges balanced end, finishes to safeguard, as no, returns to step s102.
Preferably, in step s101 and step s103, adopt constant current constant voltage (CC/CV) mise-a-la-masse method to charge to described battery system.
Voltage waveform while adopting constant-current constant-voltage charging method to charge to battery system and current waveform are as shown in Figure 2, described constant-current constant-voltage charging method comprises two charging stages, first stage is the constant current charge stage, it is the charging stage that is positioned at dotted line left side in Fig. 2, this stage charging current remains unchanged, and charging voltage constantly increases, until rise to upper voltage limit value (described upper voltage limit value can be set according to the actual requirements voluntarily by those skilled in the art), then enter second stage, second stage is the constant voltage charge stage, it is the charging stage that is positioned at dotted line right side in Fig. 2, this stage charging voltage remains upper voltage limit value, and charging current reduces gradually, until drop to floor level of electric current (described floor level of electric current can be set according to the actual requirements voluntarily by those skilled in the art), now battery system is full of, charging finishes.Adopt the advantage of constant-current constant-voltage charging method to be: when the constant current charge stage finishes, the electrochemical polarization degree of battery system inside still remains on and level identical in constant current charge phase process, therefore battery system underfill have just reached upper voltage limit value, for example, and the constant voltage charge stage is eliminated the concentration polarization of the inner ion of battery system (lithium ion) gradually, battery system is full of, and the transport number of its intermediate ion and speed show as reducing gradually of charging current.
Preferably, when adopting constant-current constant-voltage charging method to charge to battery system, during according to charging cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets balanced cut-off condition and be specially:
According to the voltage of all cells in when cut-off charging battery system, judge whether described battery system meets current cut-off condition, or during according to charging cut-off in battery system the voltage of all cells judge whether described battery system meets the first default pressure reduction (pressure reduction during charging cut-off).Whether described battery system meets the first default pressure reduction refers to, and the voltage difference between every two cells in battery system is all in the first default pressure differential range.
Wherein, described battery system meets current cut-off condition and refers to, and during charging cut-off, the electric current of battery system is down to 0.05C, and C represents the rated capacity of battery system; Described the first default pressure reduction can be set according to the actual requirements voluntarily by those skilled in the art.
Preferably, in step s101 and step s103, adopt constant current charge method or constant voltage charge method to charge to described battery system; During according to charging cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets balanced cut-off condition and be specially: during according to charging cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets the first default pressure reduction.
Preferably, described battery system is the battery system of LiFePO4 system.
Described in the present embodiment, equalization methods can be realized the equalized maintenance of battery system simply and effectively, does not also need point-device equalization algorithm, thereby is applicable to on-vehicle battery system, and be specially adapted to the on-vehicle battery system of LiFePO4 system.Described in employing the present embodiment, equalization methods is made regular check on and is safeguarded on-vehicle battery system, for example within 1 year, carry out full maintenance or certain milimeter number that travels is safeguarded, thereby can recover in time the performance of battery system, improve the useful life of battery system.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 3, the present embodiment provides a kind of balance method of battery capacity of battery system, comprises the steps:
S201～s204 is identical with step s101～s104, repeats no more.
S205. when judging balanced end, described battery system is discharged until the cut-off of discharge, and the discharge voltage of all cells while ending of record.
Similarly, can be battery system discharge process (starting to electric discharge cut-off from electric discharge) the battery management system (BMS) of employing automobile detect in real time and record the voltage of all cells in the global voltage of battery system and battery system.
During s206. according to electric discharge cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets the second default pressure reduction (pressure reduction during electric discharge cut-off), and in this way, decision verification finishes, and finishes to safeguard, as no, performs step s207.
Wherein, whether described battery system meets the second default pressure reduction refers to, and the voltage difference between every two cells in battery system is all in the second default pressure differential range; Described the second default pressure reduction can be set according to the actual requirements voluntarily by those skilled in the art.
S207. select each cell of low voltage in when cut-off electric discharge battery system and be replaced by new battery, finishing to safeguard.
In described step s207, while selecting electric discharge cut-off, in battery system, each cell of low voltage is specially:
Predeterminated voltage lower limit, when electric discharge cut-off, if the voltage of the one or more cells in battery system is less than default described lower voltage limit value, judge the cell that described one or more cell is low voltage, and select the numbering of described one or more cells of low voltage.Wherein, described lower voltage limit value can be set according to the actual requirements voluntarily by those skilled in the art.
In described step s207, being replaced by new battery is specially: when the electric discharge of selecting is ended, in battery system, each cell of low voltage is replaced by respectively new cell, or in battery system, each cell place battery module of low voltage is replaced by new battery module when the electric discharge of selecting is ended.
Visible, step s205 and s206 are to be step s101～s104 to step s201～s204() step verified of the capacity equilibrium result of the battery system that draws, further to check portfolio effect.
The battery system that the instruction carriage of new forms of energy company of Cherry of take below carries is that example describes equalization methods described in the present embodiment in detail.Described battery system comprises 1560 cells, and wherein the annexation of cell is 15 and 104 strings, the rated capacity 60Ah of described battery system.
Described equalization methods is specially:
S301. adopt external 220V power supply with constant-current constant-voltage charging method, pure electric automobile to be charged, thereby the battery system in pure electric automobile is charged until the cut-off of charging, and adopt battery management system (BMS) in pure electric automobile to record the voltage of all cells of battery system in charging process.Before the charging of recording starts, after charging cut-off, the magnitude of voltage of each cell as shown in Figure 4.
S302. the numbering of selecting each higher cell of voltage in when cut-off charging battery system according to Fig. 4 (for example, compare with most of cells, pressure reduction exceeds the numbering of those cells of 150mV), take Fig. 4 as example, select 38#, 91#～96# cell, and (27# cell has occurred extremely according to designated program, to get rid of 27# cell, cannot carry out equalization discharge to it, need to be directly replaced by new battery, abnormal battery select and method for removing belongs to prior art, the present invention no longer describes in detail) successively or simultaneously each cell of selecting is carried out to equalization discharge, take Fig. 4 as example, to the 91#～96# cell 2Ah that discharges successively, to the electric discharge of 38# cell, 1Ah(does not need accurate Calculation discharge capacity herein).
S303. again adopt external 220V power supply with constant-current constant-voltage charging method, described battery system to be charged until the cut-off of charging, and adopt battery management system in pure electric automobile to record the voltage of all cells of battery system in charging process.
During s304. according to charging cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets current cut-off condition, or whether described battery system meets the first default pressure reduction, in this way, judge balanced end, as no, perform step s305.Described battery system meets current cut-off condition and refers to: during charging cut-off, the electric current of battery system is down to 0.05C, and C represents the rated capacity of battery system; Described battery system meets the first default pressure reduction and refers to: the voltage of certain cell reaches 3.7V, and the pressure reduction of each cell is not more than 150mV.It should be noted that whether balanced two decision conditions that whether finish meet current cut-off condition and the first default pressure reduction, with being as the criterion of first reaching.
S305. when judging balanced end, described battery system is discharged until the cut-off of discharging, and adopt battery management system in pure electric automobile to record the voltage of all cells of battery system in discharge process.
During s306. according to electric discharge cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets the second default pressure reduction (pressure reduction during electric discharge cut-off), in this way, decision verification finishes, discharge curve schematic diagram when the contained cell of battery system all meets the second default pressure reduction as shown in Figure 5, as no, while selecting electric discharge cut-off, in battery system, each cell of low voltage (is selected with most of cells and is compared, pressure reduction exceeds those cells of the second pressure differential range) and be replaced by new battery, discharge curve schematic diagram when battery system contains the cell that does not meet the second default pressure reduction as shown in Figure 6.Described the second default pressure reduction is 350mV; Battery system meets the second default pressure reduction and refers to: the voltage difference between every two cells in battery system is all within the scope of 350mV.
Additive method in the present embodiment and effect are all identical with embodiment 1, repeat no more here.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 7, the present embodiment provides a kind of battery capacity balancer (described balancer is corresponding with equalization methods described in embodiment 1) of battery system, described battery system comprises a plurality of cells, and described balancer comprises: charhing unit, the first record cell, first are selected unit, balanced unit and the first judging unit;
Described charhing unit is for charging until the cut-off of charging to described battery system;
Described the first record cell is for recording the voltage of all cells of when cut-off charging battery system, and exports first to and select unit;
Described first selects unit for select each higher cell of when cut-off charging battery system voltage according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records;
Described balanced unit is for carrying out equalization discharge to each cell of selecting successively or simultaneously;
Described charhing unit, also for completing after equalization discharge at balanced unit, continues described battery system to charge until the cut-off of charging;
Described the first record cell is also for recording the voltage of all cells of when cut-off charging battery system, and exports respectively first to and select unit and the first judging unit;
Described the first judging unit is used for according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, described in during judgement charging cut-off, whether battery system meets balanced cut-off condition, in this way, judge balanced end, as no, first select unit, balanced unit, charhing unit and the first record cell and repeat separately and work successively, until the first judging unit is judged balanced end.
Preferably, described charhing unit adopts constant-current constant-voltage charging method to charge to described battery system;
Described the first judging unit is according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, described in when cut-off judgement charging, whether battery system meets balanced cut-off condition and is specially: according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, described in during judgement charging cut-off, whether battery system meets current cut-off condition, or according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, judge described in charging while ending, whether battery system meets the first pressure reduction (pressure reduction charging while ending) of presetting.
Or described charhing unit adopts constant current charge method or constant voltage charge method to charge to described battery system;
Described the first judging unit is according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, described in when cut-off judgement charging, whether battery system meets balanced cut-off condition and is specially: according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, during judgement charging cut-off described in battery system whether meet the first default pressure reduction.
Preferably, described battery system is the battery system of LiFePO4 system.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of pure electric automobile that comprises the battery capacity balancer of above-mentioned battery system.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 8, the present embodiment provides a kind of battery capacity balancer (described balancer is corresponding with equalization methods described in embodiment 2) of battery system, and described in balancer and embodiment 3, the difference of balancer is described in the present embodiment:
Also comprise that discharge cell, the second record cell, the second judging unit, second select unit and replacement unit;
Described discharge cell, for when the first judging unit is judged balanced end, discharges to described battery system, until electric discharge cut-off;
The voltage of all cells when described the second record cell ends for recording electric discharge, and export the second judging unit to;
Described the second judging unit is used for according to the voltage of all cells of the second recording unit records, described in during judgement electric discharge cut-off, whether battery system meets the second default pressure reduction (pressure reduction during electric discharge cut-off), in this way, decision verification finishes, as no, output signal to second and select unit;
Described second selects unit for after receiving the signal of the second judging unit output, each cell of low voltage in battery system while selecting electric discharge cut-off;
Described replacement unit is for being replaced by new battery by second each cell of selecting the low voltage of selecting unit.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of pure electric automobile that comprises the battery capacity balancer of above-mentioned battery system.
Other structures in the present embodiment and effect are all identical with embodiment 3, repeat no more here.
Be understandable that, above execution mode is only used to principle of the present invention is described and the illustrative embodiments that adopts, yet the present invention is not limited thereto.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and substance in the present invention, can make various modification and improvement, these modification and improvement are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a balance method of battery capacity for battery system, described battery system comprises a plurality of cells, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
1) described battery system is charged until the cut-off of charging, and the voltage of all cells in battery system during record charging cut-off;
2) while selecting charging cut-off, each higher cell of voltage in battery system, carries out equalization discharge to each cell of selecting successively or simultaneously;
3) again described battery system is charged until the cut-off of charging, and the voltage of all cells in battery system during record charging cut-off;
4) during according to charging cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets balanced cut-off condition, in this way, judges balanced end, as no, returns to step 2).
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
In step 1) and step 3), adopt constant-current constant-voltage charging method to charge to described battery system;
In step 4), during according to charging cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets balanced cut-off condition and be specially:
According to the voltage of all cells in when cut-off charging battery system, judge whether described battery system meets current cut-off condition, or during according to charging cut-off in battery system the voltage of all cells judge whether described battery system meets the first default pressure reduction.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
In step 1) and step 3), adopt constant current charge method or constant voltage charge method to charge to described battery system;
In step 4), during according to charging cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets balanced cut-off condition and be specially:
During according to charging cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets the first default pressure reduction.
4. according to the method described in any one in claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises carries out verification step to equilibrium result, is specially:
5) when judging balanced end, described battery system is discharged until the cut-off of discharge, and the discharge voltage of all cells while ending of record;
6) during according to electric discharge cut-off, in battery system, the voltage of all cells judges whether described battery system meets the second default pressure reduction, in this way, decision verification finishes, and as no, select each cell of low voltage in when cut-off electric discharge battery system and is replaced by new battery.
5. according to the method described in any one in claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, described battery system is the battery system of LiFePO4 system.
6. a battery capacity balancer for battery system, described battery system comprises a plurality of cells, it is characterized in that, described device comprises: charhing unit, the first record cell, first are selected unit, balanced unit and the first judging unit;
Described charhing unit is for charging until the cut-off of charging to described battery system;
Described the first record cell is for recording the voltage of all cells of when cut-off charging battery system, and exports first to and select unit;
Described first selects unit for select each higher cell of when cut-off charging battery system voltage according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records;
Described balanced unit is for carrying out equalization discharge to each cell of selecting successively or simultaneously;
Described charhing unit, also for completing after equalization discharge at balanced unit, continues described battery system to charge until the cut-off of charging;
Described the first record cell is also for recording the voltage of all cells of when cut-off charging battery system, and exports respectively first to and select unit and the first judging unit;
Described the first judging unit is used for according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, described in during judgement charging cut-off, whether battery system meets balanced cut-off condition, in this way, judge balanced end, as no, first select unit, balanced unit, charhing unit and the first record cell and repeat separately and work successively, until the first judging unit is judged balanced end.
7. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that,
Described charhing unit adopts constant-current constant-voltage charging method to charge to described battery system;
Described the first judging unit is according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, described in when cut-off judgement charging, whether battery system meets balanced cut-off condition and is specially: according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, described in during judgement charging cut-off, whether battery system meets current cut-off condition, or according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, whether battery system meets the first default pressure reduction described in when cut-off judgement charging.
8. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that,
Described charhing unit adopts constant current charge method or constant voltage charge method to charge to described battery system;
Described the first judging unit is according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, described in when cut-off judgement charging, whether battery system meets balanced cut-off condition and is specially: according to the voltage of all cells of the first recording unit records, during judgement charging cut-off described in battery system whether meet the first default pressure reduction.
9. according to the device described in any one in claim 6～8, it is characterized in that, also comprise: discharge cell, the second record cell, the second judging unit, second are selected unit and replacement unit;
Described discharge cell, for when the first judging unit is judged balanced end, discharges to described battery system, until electric discharge cut-off;
The voltage of all cells when described the second record cell ends for recording electric discharge, and export the second judging unit to;
Described the second judging unit is used for according to the voltage of all cells of the second recording unit records, described in during judgement electric discharge cut-off, whether battery system meets the second default pressure reduction, and in this way, decision verification finishes, as no, output signal to second and select unit;
Described second selects unit for after receiving the signal of the second judging unit output, each cell of low voltage in battery system while selecting electric discharge cut-off;
Described replacement unit is for being replaced by new battery by second each cell of selecting the low voltage of selecting unit.
10. according to the device described in any one in claim 6～8, it is characterized in that, described battery system is the battery system of LiFePO4 system.
11. 1 kinds of pure electric automobiles, comprise the battery capacity balancer of the battery system as described in any one in claim 6～10.
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