CN103683041A - Passive cooling system for switchgear with star-shaped condenser - Google Patents

Passive cooling system for switchgear with star-shaped condenser Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103683041A
CN103683041A CN201310406983.4A CN201310406983A CN103683041A CN 103683041 A CN103683041 A CN 103683041A CN 201310406983 A CN201310406983 A CN 201310406983A CN 103683041 A CN103683041 A CN 103683041A
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China
Prior art keywords
condenser
base portion
fin
pipeline configuration
heat generating
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Pending
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CN201310406983.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
H·M·卡兰迪卡
P·考夫曼
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ABB Technology AG
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ABB T&D Technology AG
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Publication of CN103683041A publication Critical patent/CN103683041A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B1/00—Frameworks, boards, panels, desks, casings; Details of substations or switching arrangements
    • H02B1/56—Cooling; Ventilation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a passive cooling system for a switchgear with a star-shaped condenser. The condenser for condensing vapor to liquid for cooling the switchgear having a heat generating component inside an enclosure and tubing structure associated with the heat generating component. A working fluid is disposed within an end portion of the tubing structure. The condenser includes a hollow tubular base defining a volume and having first and second opposing opened ends. A plurality of fins extends from a periphery of the base. The fins are in spaced relation and disposed about the entire circumference of the base. A first end cap is coupled to the base so as to close the first opened end. A second end cap is coupled to the base to close the second opened end. The second end cap has port structure constructed and arranged to fluidly communicate the tubing structure with the volume.

Description

The passive cooled system for switching device with star condenser
Technical field
The present invention relates to switching device circuit-breaker, and relate more specifically to a kind of cooling system that comprises star condenser.
Background technology
Switching device configuration has the current limit of the heat-dissipating based on room temperature around.The maximum temperature of generally wishing the hottest point on limit switch device essential bus is as 105 ℃ of standard IEEE 37.20.2 defined (risings of 65 ℃ on the environment temperature of the supposition of 40 ℃).Because heat generates, typical in and high-voltage metal covering switching device arrange the maximum continuous current rated value with about 3000A.Wish to increase this current rating to 4000A and more than.
With reference to Fig. 1, the cooling system of the routine of indicating roughly at 10 places based on heat pipe provides additional path for the surrounding environment heat radiation to beyond switchgear housing 12.Be the 13/444th of submission on April 12nd, 2012, in No. 888 common unsettled U. S. applications, disclose such system.Heat energy is enough to be transmitted from thermal source very efficiently by evaporation and the condensation process of utilizing heat to drive, and with backward radiator heat-dissipation.Heat pipe is the vacuum sealing system that part is filled by working fluid.The special evaporator sections of indicating roughly at 14 places (from the heat input of switching device) can be connected to condenser 16 (thermal output is to environment) by flexible and very compact heat pipe or pipeline configuration 18.Such system can be used as the integration section of switchgear housing system, and does not violate the requirement for self-contained formula compartment.
Switchgear device can be cooling by a common thermal managed network, and this common thermal managed network has as a condenser of radiator or has some heat pipes, with concurrently and have separate rectangular box type condenser 16 ground and operate this heat pipe.Condenser 16 is preferably located in the place, the back side or top of switching device shell 12.
Condenser expense accounts for approximately 50% of system synthesis basis.And conventional condenser 176 is built by a Large size Aluminium cuboid, this cuboid has six separate chambers for each heat pipe of heat pipe, and this causes installs loaded down with trivial details heavy constructions.
Therefore a kind of condenser structure that reduces manufacturing cost and modular and be easy to install in the confined space need to be provided.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to meet above-mentioned needs.According to principle of the present invention, by providing a kind of, for condensed steam, be that liquid is so that the condenser of cold switch device is realized this purpose.Switching device has at shell with at least one interior heat generating components and the pipeline configuration associated with heat generating components.Working fluid is arranged in the end of the pipeline configuration associated with heat generating components.Condenser comprises the hollow tubular base portion of limitative aspect and had for the first and second relative beginnings.Base portion has circumference.A plurality of fin extend from the periphery of base portion.Fin has spaced relationship and is arranged at around the whole circumference of base portion.The first end cap is coupled to base portion so that the first beginning of sealing.The second end cap is coupled to base portion to seal for the second beginning.The second end cap has port organization, port organization is constructed and arranges for fluidly connecting pipe structure and body, thereby when working fluid is heated into steam state by heat generating components, pipeline configuration is constructed and arranges for transmitting steam to condenser, and fin is phase-changed into liquid by free convection air heat transfer towards periphery and steam in the body of base portion.Liquid turns back to the end of pipeline configuration, cooling at least one heat generating components thus without seedbed.
According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of method cold switch device, switching device has at least one heat generating components in the enclosure of switching device.The method provides the condenser that is assemblied in housing exterior.Condenser comprises the hollow tubular base portion that limits obturator.Base portion has circumference.A plurality of fin extend from the periphery of base portion.Fin has spaced relationship and is arranged at around the whole circumference of base portion.Body is fluidly communicated with pipeline configuration.Pipeline configuration is associated with heat generating components.In the end of the pipeline configuration associated with heat generating components, provide working fluid.Heat transmits from heat generating components to working fluid so that working fluid evaporates, and the steam of evaporation is delivered to condenser via pipeline configuration.Via fin by free convection towards periphery air conduct heat, and steam is phase-changed into liquid in the body of base portion.Liquid turns back to the end of pipeline configuration, cooling at least one heat generating components thus without seedbed.
The combination of the method for operation of the relevant unit of other object of the present invention, feature and feature and structure and function, part and manufacture economy will become clearer when considering to the following specifically describes with claims with reference to accompanying drawing, and institute's drawings attached forms the part of this specification.
Accompanying drawing explanation
To the following specifically describes of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, understand better the present invention from what carry out by reference to the accompanying drawings, in the accompanying drawings, similar label is indicated similar part, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 means that the form for being assemblied in switching device is the view of the conventional evaporative cooling system of heat pipe structure and conventional condenser.
Fig. 2 is the exploded view for the star condenser providing according to an embodiment of the switching device evaporative cooling system of type shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 a-3c illustrates the variety of way of the star condenser of allocation plan 2.
Fig. 4 is for being coupled to the sectional view of part of pipeline configuration of the condenser of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 a is the end-view of port organization of bottom end cap of the condenser of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 b is the end-view of another embodiment of port organization of bottom end cap of the condenser of Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 means as being assemblied in the view of six condensers of embodiment on switchgear housing and that be connected with pipeline configuration.
Fig. 7 has plate to the exploded view of the star condenser providing according to another embodiment of plate connection.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 2, illustrate for switching device evaporative cooling system according to an embodiment, provide at the 16 ' condenser of locating to indicate roughly.Condenser 16 ' comprises the hollow tubular base portion 20 respectively with the first and second relative beginnings 22 and 24.Base portion 20 has circumference C and inner bulk V, and (Fig. 3 a).A plurality of fin 26 extend from the periphery of base portion 20 with cantilevered fashion.Fin 26 has spaced relationship and is arranged at around the whole circumference C of base portion 20.Therefore,, when checking from end, condenser is substantially star and symmetrical about longitudinal axis X.Condenser 16 ' preferably by extrusion sectional material make, such as making by thering is the aluminium that minimizes wall thickness.
With reference to Fig. 3 a-3c, can manufacture in various manners star condenser 16 ', the common ground of all modes is that fin 26 made by extrusion sectional material.Fig. 3 a illustrates the Construction integration of base portion 20 and fin 26.Fig. 3 b illustrates base portion 20 and the separated fin sections of indicating roughly at 27 places.Each fin sections 27 comprises arc component 25 and is coupled to the fin 26 of arc component.Each arc component 25 is coupled to the periphery of base portion 20.Fig. 3 c is illustrated in the two-stage structure of body V inside, and this structure has the first sections 29 that joins the second sections 29 ' at its wall 31 places to.Fig. 3 a-3c illustrates simplification example, but outside heat sink 26 axially can be slotted to increase surface area and/or each fin 26 additionally can be diverged.Other more complicated heat transmission enhancing comprises surperficial machinery (for example sandblasting) and chemical treatment.In addition, by face coat, brushing or anodic oxidation, can improve radiant heat transmission.
Get back to Fig. 2, in the first beginning 22, be received in the top cap of indicating roughly at 28 places to seal for the first beginning 22.Top end cap 28 comprises for receiving drier to absorb the desiccant container 30 of the water of diffusion in long-time section.Top end cap 28 also preferably includes maintenance port 32.
In the second beginning 24, be received in the bottom end cap of indicating roughly at 34 places to seal for the second beginning 24.Bottom end cap 34 comprises port organization 36, and the heat pipe of this port organization connection layout 1 (shown in Fig. 6) or pipeline configuration 18 are to the body V of base portion 20.With reference to Fig. 1 and 4, pipeline configuration 18 comprises internal cavities 38 and the liquid recurrent canal 40 in internal cavities 38.There is mobile connection the end 42 of pipeline configuration with the vaporization chamber that is associated with main contacts 44.Vaporization chamber can be considered as the part of the end 42 of pipeline configuration 18.Liquid working fluid 47 is arranged in vaporization chamber.The other end 46 of pipeline configuration 18 is coupled to the port organization 36 of bottom cap 34. End cap 28 and 34 obturator V.
Fig. 5 a illustrates the end-view of the port organization 36 with at least two separator tubes, and these pipes are defined for the passage 48 of steam (G) and for the passage 50 of liquid working fluid (L).Passage 48 is communicated with the internal cavities 38 of pipeline configuration 18, and passage 50 is communicated with the liquid recurrent canal 40 of pipeline configuration 18.Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 5 b, port organization 36 ' can be by making with the extrusion sectional material of at least two split tunnels 48 ' (for gas G) and 50 ' (for liquid working fluid L).
Condenser 16 ' can replace condenser 16 in the system of Fig. 1 for the evaporative cooling of the heat generating components of the main contacts 44 such as associated with circuit-breaker 45.Therefore, heat pipe cooling system operate with by via the use of working fluid 47 by heat from primary importance (for example, associated with essential bus 15, such as with bus 17 couplings or with the heat generating components of main contacts 44 couplings near) be passed to the second place and conduct heat cooling primary importance.Liquid working fluid 47 resides in the bottom of each vaporization chamber associated with main contacts, and as the submit on April 12nd, 2012 the 13/444th, disclosed in No. 888 common unsettled U. S. applications, the content of this application is incorporated in this specification by reference.Heat from main contacts 44 is mainly evaporated liquid working fluid 47 in vaporization chamber.Subsequently, the internal cavities 38 of working fluid (mainly in gas or steam state G) process pipeline configuration 18 is, the passage 48 of the port organization 36 of process bottom cap 34 is moved upwards up to the body V of condenser 16 ', releasing heat when most of condensation of the working fluid evaporating in this body V is back to liquid state.Then (for example liquid L) working fluid of condensation moves down and gets back to the vaporization chamber associated with main contacts 44 to complete cool cycles from condenser 16 ', process liquid recurrent canal 50.
With reference to Fig. 6, condenser 16 ' is fluidly coupled and provides cooling with the various positions in the switchgear housing 12 for such as bus 17 and main contacts 44 with associated pipeline configuration 18.As shown in the figure, six separated condensers 16 ' are provided and are assembled in adjacent mode the top 52 of shell 12.As above, say, in operation, steam enters body V and all along the inner surface condensation of base portion 20 from associated pipeline configuration 18.By phase transformation (steam is to liquid) releasing heat, through aluminium radiator fin 26 heat by conductions and main by the natural air convection current heat release towards periphery of the outer surface at fin 26.Bottom at each condenser 16 ' is collected and only by gravity, in passage 50 and recurrent canal 40, drains condensate.
As above, say, steam is all along the inner surface condensation of tubulose base portion 20.By increasing this internal surface area, reduce hot condensation resistance.Can there is by the inner surface place at base portion 20 axial corrugated or even slightly with the structure of wing, increase this surface area.
If the diameter of tubulose base portion 20 equals the length of fin 26, the optimal utilization (max[Area of meeting spatial conv/ Volume condenser]).In other words, with total outer dia of the structure of wing, be approximately three times of length of each fin 26, thereby cause the optimum utilization in plenum chamber space (seeing Fig. 6) below.
Total external surface area of condenser 16 ', its free convection resistance for example, depends on the total heat flux of each system.For example remove the surface that 350 watts of heat need to approximately 3.9 square metres (for example only by temperature be 40 ℃ (worst cases) surrounding air free convection and remove heat (350W) when the given more than 70 ℃ condenser wall temperature).As mentioned above, pipe diameter equals fin length, and this produces estimates equation:
A = 2 πs d sh → s = Ad 2 πh
Wherein total (fin) surface, for A, condenser height are that h, fin length are s, and is d to set a distance between fin.With regard to this example, the length of fin is approximately s=0.11 rice.
Up to now, condenser 16 is intrinsic parts of heat pipe cooling system and is directly connected to vacuum seal pipeline system.In order to assemble, advantageously handle condenser and evaporator/pipe-line system completely separated so that any infringement to condenser when reducing total weight and avoiding assembled switch appliance arrangement at the scene.Such uncoupling can be by the condenser 16 of using as shown in Figure 7 board to board connector 54 heat and mechanical attachment " the second embodiment realization.Two series thermal pipes 18 (not shown) are connected with 58 with plate 56.
Condenser 16 ', 16 " reduce manufacturing cost, it is less more loaded down with trivial details and lighter than the conventional condenser 16 being built by a public aluminium body, and this aluminium body has six separate chambers for each heat pipe of heat pipe.Six condensers must be adapted at after plenum chamber and switchgear housing 12 very limited region, space above.Condenser 16 ', 16 " be modularization and easily can adaptive (for example maximum height limit) for such confined space.The extruding gelled condensation body of tool (being for example integrated) thus and need to seldom add to process and realize cost-effective solution.The enough spaciousnesses of body V of tubulose base portion 20 make to comprise the container 30 with drier.Utilize other condenser arrangement, this container will be attached to outside, therefore increase manufacturing cost, because it need to be closed as vacuum seal.Axially balanced configuration makes to be easy at bottom end cap 34 places from vapor phase separating liquid.In the embodiment of Fig. 6, each heat pipe 18 is equipped with its condenser 16 '; Therefore reduce the assembling of weight and simplification and the switchgear device of system.
For illustrating 26S Proteasome Structure and Function principle of the present invention and illustrating, adopt the such object of method of preferred embodiment and illustrate and describe aforementioned preferred embodiments, and these preferred embodiments are changed and do not departed from such principle.Therefore, present invention resides in all modifications of the spiritual connotation lid of claims.

Claims (19)

1. one kind is that liquid is so that the condenser of cold switch device for condensed steam, described switching device has at shell with at least one interior heat generating components and the pipeline configuration associated with described heat generating components, working fluid is arranged in the end of the described pipeline configuration associated with described heat generating components, and described condenser comprises:
Hollow tubular base portion, limitative aspect and there are for the first and second relative beginnings, described base portion has circumference,
A plurality of fin, extend from the periphery of described base portion, and described fin has spaced relationship and is arranged at around the whole described circumference of described base portion,
The first end cap, is coupled to described base portion to seal described the first beginning, and
The second end cap, be coupled to described base portion to seal described the second beginning, described the second end cap has port organization, described port organization is constructed and arranges for being fluidly communicated with described pipeline configuration and described body, thereby when described working fluid is heated into steam state by described heat generating components, described pipeline configuration is constructed and arranges for transmitting described steam to described condenser, described fin is phase-changed into liquid by free convection air heat transfer towards periphery and described steam in the described body of described base portion, described liquid turns back to the described end of described pipeline configuration without seedbed, cooling described at least one heat generating components thus.
2. condenser according to claim 1, wherein said fin extends from described base portion with cantilevered fashion.
3. condenser according to claim 1, wherein said fin and described base portion are integrated extruding.
4. condenser according to claim 1, wherein in a plurality of separated fin sections, provide described fin, each fin sections comprises arc component and the fin that is coupled to described arc component, and each arc component is coupled to the described periphery of described base portion.
5. condenser according to claim 1, wherein said condenser is provided as two sections of structures, and the wall place that described two sections of structures have body inside described in it joins the first sections of the second sections to.
6. condenser according to claim 1, wherein said condenser is symmetrical about its longitudinal axis.
7. condenser according to claim 1, wherein said the first end cap comprises and is constructed and arranges for receiving therein the container of drier.
8. condenser according to claim 1, wherein said port organization comprises the first and second passages therein, described first passage is constructed and arranges for receiving described steam, and described second channel is constructed and arranges for receiving described liquid.
9. condenser according to claim 8, with described pipeline configuration combination, the internal cavities that described pipeline configuration comprises and described first passage flows and is communicated with, and in described internal cavities and with the mobile liquid recurrent canal being communicated with of described second channel.
10. condenser according to claim 11, further combine with described switching device, and the condenser of a plurality of separation is wherein provided, and each condenser connects with associated pipeline configuration, and assembles each condenser in the adjacent mode in the top of the described shell with described switching device.
11. condensers according to claim 10, wherein the length of each fin is approximately 0.11 meter.
The method of 12. 1 kinds of cold switch devices, described switching device has shell at described switching device with at least one interior heat generating components, said method comprising the steps of:
The condenser that is assemblied in described housing exterior is provided, and described condenser comprises:
Hollow tubular base portion, limits obturator, and described base portion has circumference, and
A plurality of fin, extend from the periphery of described base portion, and described fin has spaced relationship and is arranged at around the whole circumference of described base portion,
Fluidly be communicated with described body and pipeline configuration, described pipeline configuration is associated with described heat generating components, and working fluid is arranged in the end of the described pipeline configuration associated with described heat generating components;
Permission is conducted heat from described heat generating components to described working fluid, and so that described working fluid evaporates, the steam of described evaporation is delivered to described condenser via described pipeline configuration,
Via described fin by free convection towards periphery air conduct heat, described steam is phase-changed into liquid in the described body of described base portion, and
Make described liquid without seedbed, turn back to the described end of described pipeline configuration, thus cooling described at least one heat generating components.
13. methods according to claim 12, wherein provide described condenser that described fin is extended from described base portion with cantilevered fashion.
14. methods according to claim 13, wherein provide described condenser to make described fin and described base portion be integrated extruding.
15. methods according to claim 12, wherein provide described condenser for symmetrical about its longitudinal axis.
16. methods according to claim 12, wherein the first end cap is coupled to one end of described base portion and limits container, and described method further provides drier in described container.
17. methods according to claim 12, wherein the second end cap is coupled to the second end of described base portion, the port organization that described the second end cap comprises and described body flows to be communicated with, the described step that is fluidly communicated with described body and described pipeline configuration comprises described pipeline configuration is coupled to described port organization.
18. methods according to claim 17, wherein said port organization comprises the first and second passages therein, described first passage is constructed and arranges for receiving described steam and described second channel and be constructed and arrange for receiving described liquid, and wherein said pipeline configuration comprise with described first passage flow the internal cavities that is communicated with and in described internal cavities and with the mobile liquid recurrent canal being communicated with of described second channel.
19. methods according to claim 12, further comprise:
The condenser of a plurality of separation is provided, and each condenser connects with associated pipeline configuration, and
In the adjacent mode in the top of the described shell with described switching device, assemble each condenser.
CN201310406983.4A 2012-09-06 2013-09-05 Passive cooling system for switchgear with star-shaped condenser Pending CN103683041A (en)

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