CN103681907B - Photovoltaic nanometer electric generator and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of photovoltaic nanometer electric generator and manufacture method thereof, photovoltaic nanometer electric generator comprises substrate, the first electrode, ferroelectric nano-wire and the second electrode, described first electrode and the second electrode arrange with in described substrate, ferroelectric nano-wire described in cross growth in the described substrate between this first electrode and second electrode.Photovoltaic nanometer electric generator manufacture method, comprise the steps: that a. makes substrate, b. sputter the first electrode and the second electrode, c. wet chemistry method is adopted to produce ferroelectric nano-wire, be transplanted in described substrate 1 by this ferroelectric nano linear array again, these ferroelectric nano-wire two ends are between described first electrode and the second electrode; D. encapsulate, encapsulate after test passes.Employing of the present invention, the nano generator of the sunlight driving of development, not only can power to the nano-device long duration in the fields such as Aero-Space, and contribute to microminiaturization, the nanometer of moving system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nano generator technical field, specifically, particularly relate to a kind of photovoltaic nanometer electric generator and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
As the important high and new technology field that 21st century rises, nanometer technology is just experiencing unprecedented high-speed development period.Complete on basis prepared by a large amount of novel nano-material, the various associated research with the nano-device of specific function is becoming the new motive force of Development of Nano-technology.The microminiaturization of the corresponding energy supplyystem of the small form factor requirements due to system, therefore, in a complicated nanosystems, the energy resource supply of individual devices is vital.Consider from angle that is green, energy-conserving and environment-protective, desirable nanoscale electric supply installation should be do not rely on the external charging energy, nontoxic, do not produce pollution and the system that can power continuously.No matter the nanosystems of this self-supply power source is in biology, medical science, human health, or all has immeasurable value in military affairs, radio communication and wireless sensing etc.2006, mechanical energy was successfully converted to electric energy by georgia ,u.s.a Institute of Technology professor Wang Zhonglin etc. within the scope of nanoscale, develops generator-nano generator minimum in the world.The general principle of this nano generator is: when nano wire is under external force during dynamic tensile, piezoelectricity electromotive force is generated in nano wire, corresponding transient current is in two ends flowing to balance Fermi level, and this nano generator based on piezoelectric effect needs the external world to provide mechanical force.As everyone knows, solar energy is a kind of important regenerative resource, has aboundresources, widely distributed, the clean advantage such as clean.The conversion of solar energy has three kinds of modes: light-heat transfer, light-electricity conversion and light-chemical conversion.Wherein, light-electricity conversion (photovoltaic generation) is most important, the most frequently used mode of solar energy conversion.Photovoltaic effect is utilized to can be made into photovoltaic cell, thus the transform light energy of the sun is become electric energy, the material of current making solar cell is mainly the semiconductors such as Si, CdTe, GaAs, and most widely used general, research the most deep photovoltaic cell material be semiconductor silicon.When energy is mapped to p-n junction higher than the illumination of silicon band gap width, silicon produces electron-hole pair because of absorb photons and is separated by the internal electric field of p-n junction and forms electronics and hole, thus produces photovoltage (stream).But this photovoltaic mechanism determines the limit of Silicon photrouics conversion efficiency, and its photovoltage is lower.Meanwhile, require the very high purity of silicon, cause battery price very high.
Based on more than, invent that energy-conserving and environment-protective, delivery efficiency that a kind of sunlight drives are high, the nano generator of stable performance, not only can power to the nano-device long duration in the fields such as Aero-Space, and contribute to microminiaturization, the nanometer of moving system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide that a kind of energy-conserving and environment-protective, delivery efficiency are high, the photovoltaic nanometer electric generator of stable performance and manufacture method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of photovoltaic nanometer electric generator, comprise substrate, the first electrode, ferroelectric nano-wire and the second electrode, its main points are: described first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in described substrate, ferroelectric nano-wire described in cross growth in the described substrate between this first electrode and second electrode.Adopt above structure, because solar energy is a kind of regenerative resource, there is aboundresources, widely distributed, the clean advantage such as clean, therefore the problems such as the miniaturization of photovoltaic generation are also solved while the present invention utilizes solar energy, simultaneously, the present invention can also form series circuit, thus significantly improves photovoltaic performance.And existing nano generator is the nano generator utilizing the piezoelectric effect of semiconductor nanowires to be made into substantially, for collecting the mechanical energy in various source in environment, and be translated into electric energy, its structure is substantially, comprise substrate, first electrode, zinc oxide nano-wire array, polymeric dielectric layer and the second electrode, described first electrode is arranged in substrate, described zinc oxide nano-wire array vertical-growth is on the first electrode layer, described zinc oxide nano-wire array layer is coated with described polymeric dielectric layer, described polymeric dielectric layer is by coated for described zinc oxide nano-wire array, second electrode is arranged on polymeric dielectric layer, described first electrode and the second electrode are the voltage and current output stage of nano generator.This nano generator structure is very thin due to zinc oxide nanowire, therefore there is the deficiencies such as electrode machining difficulty, very easily short circuit, and the present invention can avoid the problems such as electrode machining difficulty, short circuit while effectively utilizing regenerative resource.
Described first electrode and the second electrode lay respectively at the both ends of described ferroelectric nano-wire, so easily can realize series connection, thus significantly improve photovoltaic performance.
A kind of photovoltaic nanometer electric generator manufacture method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A. make substrate, substrate silicon is prepared a layer insulating thus obtains substrate;
B. by sputtering or evaporating, the first electrode and the second electrode are placed in substrate, then carry out photoetching according to design, thus obtain satisfactory electrode;
C. adopt wet chemistry method to prepare ferroelectric nano-wire, then be transplanted in described substrate by this ferroelectric nano linear array, these ferroelectric nano-wire two ends are between described first electrode and the second electrode;
D. encapsulate, encapsulate after test passes.
Ferroelectric is then a kind of novel photovoltaic cell material, it has unusual photovoltage (APV) effect: evenly the phenomenon of steady-state short-circuit photogenerated current or open circuit voltage appears in ferroelectric crystal under uniform illumination, its distinguishing feature is: photovoltaic voltage is not subject to the restriction of crystal energy gap (Eg), high 2-4 orders of magnitude of comparable Eg.Therefore, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of this kind of material may be very high.Ferroelectric photovoltaic material filming, and achieve many valuable results of study.But with regard to practical application, ferroelectric nano-wire is more suitable for making photovoltaic material than ferroelectric thin film, and main reason is: (1), as monodimension nanometer material, nano wire is more conducive to the miniaturization, integrated of device than film.(2) nano wire single crystallization easier in film, thus improve photovoltaic performance.(3) nano wire is because having the feature such as sub-wavelength dimensions, high surface area, and its absorbing properties is more excellent than film.(4) in low-dimensional ferroelectric material, sizes of ferroelectric domains is generally tens nanometers, and nano wire has the features such as good directionality, draw ratio be large, therefore up to a hundred the electricdomains (along with nanowire length increase can be more) that length reaches in micron-sized nano wire can form series circuit, make its photovoltage more much higher than thin-film material.
Ferroelectric nano-wire is being transplanted to after in described substrate in step b, then is heating, thus increasing the adhesive force of ferroelectric nano-wire, greatly can improve the useful life of nano generator like this.
In step b, ferroelectric nano-wire is in series by several electricdomains, owing to there is different angles between electricdomain, so increase a field, makes all electricdomain arranged radiallys.Increase an electric field or magnetic field, all electricdomains in ferroelectric nano-wire can be made to arrange in the same direction, thus make photovoltaic better effects if.
Described ferroelectric nano-wire is monocrystal nano-material, thus improves photovoltaic performance.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: employing of the present invention, solar energy is a kind of inexhaustible regenerative resource, the nano generator of the sunlight driving of development, not only can power to the nano-device long duration in the fields such as Aero-Space, and contribute to microminiaturization, the nanometer of moving system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of photovoltaic nanometer electric generator;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of photovoltaic nanometer electric generator manufacture method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
A kind of photovoltaic nanometer electric generator as shown in Figure 1, comprise substrate 1, first electrode 2, ferroelectric nano-wire 3 and the second electrode 4, described first electrode 2 and the second electrode 4 arrange with in described substrate 1, ferroelectric nano-wire 3 described in cross growth in described substrate 1 between this first electrode 2 and second electrode 4, described first electrode 2 and the second electrode 4 lay respectively at the both ends of described ferroelectric nano-wire 3.
As shown in Figure 2: a kind of photovoltaic nanometer electric generator manufacture method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A. make substrate 1, substrate silicon is prepared a layer insulating thus obtains substrate 1;
B. by sputtering or evaporating, the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 4 are placed in substrate 1, then carry out photoetching according to design, thus obtain satisfactory electrode;
C. adopt wet chemistry method to prepare ferroelectric nano-wire 3, then be transplanted in described substrate 1 by this ferroelectric nano linear array 3, these ferroelectric nano-wire 3 two ends are between described first electrode 2 and the second electrode 4; Ferroelectric nano-wire 3 is being transplanted to after in described substrate 1, contact well with the second electrode 4 with described first electrode 2 to make ferroelectric nano-wire 3, the substrate 1 being provided with ferroelectric nano-wire 3, first electrode 2 and the second electrode 4 is heated, thus increases the adhesive force of ferroelectric nano-wire 3; Because ferroelectric nano-wire 3 is in series by several electricdomains, owing to there is different angles between electricdomain, so increase an electric field or magnetic field, make all electricdomain arranged radiallys, thus make photovoltaic better effects if of the present invention;
D. encapsulate, encapsulate after test passes.
Above ferroelectric nano-wire 3 is monocrystal nano-material.
Claims (4)
1. a photovoltaic nanometer electric generator, comprise substrate (1), the first electrode (2), ferroelectric nano-wire (3) and the second electrode (4), it is characterized in that: described first electrode (2) and the second electrode (4) are arranged in described substrate (1), ferroelectric nano-wire (3) described in the upper cross growth of described substrate (1) between this first electrode (2) and second electrode (4), described ferroelectric nano-wire (3) is in series by several electricdomains; Described first electrode (2) and the second electrode (4) lay respectively at the both ends of described ferroelectric nano-wire (3).
2. a photovoltaic nanometer electric generator manufacture method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A. make substrate (1), substrate silicon is prepared a layer insulating thus obtains substrate (1);
B. by sputtering or method of evaporating, the first electrode (2) and the second electrode (4) are placed in substrate (1), then carry out photoetching according to design, thus obtain satisfactory electrode,
C. wet chemistry method is adopted to prepare ferroelectric nano-wire (3), again this ferroelectric nano-wire (3) is transplanted in described substrate (1), this ferroelectric nano-wire (3) two ends are connected with the second electrode (4) with described first electrode (2) respectively, described ferroelectric nano-wire (3) is in series by several electricdomains, owing to there is different angles between electricdomain, so increase a field, make all electricdomain arranged radiallys;
D. encapsulate, encapsulate after test passes.
3. photovoltaic nanometer electric generator manufacture method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in step b after ferroelectric nano-wire (3) being transplanted to described substrate (1) above, heat again, thus increase the adhesive force of ferroelectric nano-wire (3).
4. photovoltaic nanometer electric generator manufacture method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described ferroelectric nano-wire (3) is monocrystal nano-material.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4236938A (en) * | 1979-07-25 | 1980-12-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Efficient high voltage photovoltaic cells |
| CN102176472A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-09-07 | 华东师范大学 | Bulk effect solar cell material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102856430A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2013-01-02 | 常州大学 | Preparation method for bismuth titanate nanowire solar cells |
| CN103078014A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-01 | 上海交通大学 | Preparation method of solar battery with bismuth ferrite/sodium bismuth titanate-barium titanate heterostructure ferroelectric film |
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| US7851697B2 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2010-12-14 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Thin film photovoltaic device |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4236938A (en) * | 1979-07-25 | 1980-12-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Efficient high voltage photovoltaic cells |
| CN102176472A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-09-07 | 华东师范大学 | Bulk effect solar cell material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102856430A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2013-01-02 | 常州大学 | Preparation method for bismuth titanate nanowire solar cells |
| CN103078014A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-01 | 上海交通大学 | Preparation method of solar battery with bismuth ferrite/sodium bismuth titanate-barium titanate heterostructure ferroelectric film |
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