CN103674545A - Mechanical fault detecting method - Google Patents
Mechanical fault detecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103674545A CN103674545A CN201310612051.5A CN201310612051A CN103674545A CN 103674545 A CN103674545 A CN 103674545A CN 201310612051 A CN201310612051 A CN 201310612051A CN 103674545 A CN103674545 A CN 103674545A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanical fault detecting method. The method includes: finding the specific frequencies possessed by multiple detecting points on a vibration spectral image, sorting the vibration amplitude of the specific frequencies from large to small, and comparing the specific frequencies with all fault frequencies of a to-be-detected machine so as to find the fault cause. The fault degree can be determined by the maximum vibration amplitude of the specific frequencies. The equipment with the mechanical fault can be determined by the detecting point with the maximum vibration amplitude. The fault vibration transmission direction can be determined by the aptitude sequence of the vibration amplitude. By the method, a certain mechanical fault can be detected by the multiple aspects of the specific feature frequencies, false rate of fault detection can be reduced, and accuracy of mechanical fault detection can be increased effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mechanical Fault Monitoring of HV method, relate in particular to a kind of condition monitoring system that utilizes vibration transducer to monitor the wind power generating set of gear case, main shaft, generator machinery fault.
Background technology
In wind power generating set condition monitoring system, the frequency often producing by all mechanical vibration measured on each single measuring point judges that whether the mechanical movement situation of wind power generating set is good, this kind of monitoring mode tends to cause failing to judge and judging by accident of some mechanical faults, can not accurate and effective monitor in time mechanical fault, for great hidden danger has been buried in the safe operation of later stage wind power generating set.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect existing for above-mentioned background technology, a kind of a kind of mechanical fault method for detecting for remote monitor supervision area is provided.
For achieving the above object, a kind of mechanical fault method for detecting of the present invention,, for monitoring gear case, the vibration of main shaft, generator, comprising:
Step 1: vibration transducer is installed at least two positions at tested machinery, to form at least two measuring points;
Step 2: utilize the spectrogram of the corresponding measuring point that vibration transducer captures, and find out the identical frequency that this correspondence measuring point all monitors;
Step 3: on rumble spectrum figure, the amplitude of the same frequency in these at least two different measuring points is sorted by size;
Step 4: determine to produce the vibration position of frequency, particularly, according to the principle of vibration, position is the closer to vibration source, vibrates byer force, and the amplitude of mechanical vibration is larger.Hence one can see that, for the measuring point of vibration amplitude maximum, can know that this measuring point is vibration source or nearest apart from vibration source, and then can determine the generation concrete vibration position of this vibration frequency;
Step 5: determine the direction of transfer of mechanical vibration by vibration frequency, particularly, according to the size order of above-mentioned each measuring point amplitude of this frequency, can know the direction of transfer of this vibration; Because mechanical vibration can off-energy in transmittance process, thus in transmittance process, mechanical vibration just more and more a little less than, the size order of mechanical activation amplitude value on each measuring point drawing by arrangements, can know the direction of this frequency vibration transmission;
Step 6: predict the reason that tested mechanical fault produces, particularly, according to the vibration correspondence one of a characteristic frequency of mechanical vibration, specifically encourage, the impact that this specific excitation produces from mechanical proper vibration or this specific mechanical accident defect, so just surveys the reason of the generation that is out of order.
In sum, a kind of mechanical fault method for detecting of the present invention, on rumble spectrum figure, find out the characteristic frequency that a plurality of measuring points all have, then sort the vibration amplitude of this characteristic frequency is descending, finally all fault characteristic frequencies of this characteristic frequency and machinery to be measured are compared, find out corresponding mechanical fault reason; Simultaneously, according to the maximum vibration amplitude of this characteristic frequency, determine the degree of mechanical fault, according to the measuring point at the maximum vibration amplitude place of this characteristic frequency, determine the equipment that mechanical fault occurs, according to the descending order of each measuring point vibration amplitude, determined the direction that fault vibration transmits.And then can effectively monitor a certain specific mechanical fault by the many aspects of special characteristic frequency, and reduced the False Rate of detecting fault, effectively improved the accuracy of mechanical fault detecting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of mechanical fault method for detecting method flow schematic diagram far away of the present invention.
Embodiment
By describing technology contents of the present invention, structural attitude in detail, being reached object and effect, below hereby exemplify embodiment and coordinate accompanying drawing to be explained in detail.
Refer to Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of mechanical fault method for detecting, it comprises:
Step 1: vibration transducer is installed at least two positions at tested machinery, to form at least two measuring points;
Step 2: utilize the spectrogram of the corresponding measuring point that vibration transducer captures, and find out the identical frequency that this correspondence measuring point all monitors;
Step 3: on rumble spectrum figure, the amplitude of the same frequency in these at least two different measuring points is sorted by size;
Step 4: determine to produce the vibration position of frequency, particularly, according to the principle of vibration, position is the closer to vibration source, vibrates byer force, and the amplitude of mechanical vibration is larger.Hence one can see that, for the measuring point of vibration amplitude maximum, can know that this measuring point is vibration source or nearest apart from vibration source, and then can determine the generation concrete vibration position of this vibration frequency;
Step 5: determine the direction of transfer of mechanical vibration by vibration frequency, particularly, according to the size order of above-mentioned each measuring point amplitude of this frequency, can know the direction of transfer of this vibration; Because mechanical vibration can off-energy in transmittance process, thus in transmittance process, mechanical vibration just more and more a little less than, the size order of mechanical activation amplitude value on each measuring point drawing by arrangements, can know the direction of this frequency vibration transmission;
Step 6: predict the reason that tested mechanical fault produces, particularly, according to the vibration correspondence one of a characteristic frequency of mechanical vibration, specifically encourage, the impact that this specific excitation produces from mechanical proper vibration or this specific mechanical accident defect, so just surveys the reason of the generation that is out of order.
In step 2, rumble spectrum figure is obtained vibration raw data by data processing module after FTT data transformation.
In sum, a kind of mechanical fault method for detecting of the present invention, on rumble spectrum figure, find out the characteristic frequency that a plurality of measuring points all have, then sort the vibration amplitude of this characteristic frequency is descending, finally all fault characteristic frequencies of this characteristic frequency and machinery to be measured are compared, find out corresponding mechanical fault reason; Simultaneously, according to the maximum vibration amplitude of this characteristic frequency, determine the degree of mechanical fault, according to the measuring point at the maximum vibration amplitude place of this characteristic frequency, determine the equipment that mechanical fault occurs, according to the descending order of each measuring point vibration amplitude, determined the direction that fault vibration transmits.And then can effectively monitor a certain specific mechanical fault by the many aspects of special characteristic frequency, and reduced the False Rate of detecting fault, effectively improved the accuracy of mechanical fault detecting.
Above-described technical scheme is only the preferred embodiment of a kind of mechanical fault method for detecting of the present invention, within the scope of the claim that any equivalent transformation of doing on a kind of mechanical fault method for detecting of the present invention basis or replacement are included in this patent.
Claims (3)
1. a mechanical fault method for detecting, for monitoring gear case, the vibration of main shaft, generator, comprising:
Step 1: vibration transducer is installed at least two positions at tested machinery, to form at least two measuring points;
Step 2: utilize the spectrogram of the corresponding measuring point that vibration transducer captures, and find out the identical frequency that this correspondence measuring point all monitors;
Step 3: on rumble spectrum figure, the amplitude of the same frequency in these at least two different measuring points is sorted by size;
Step 4: determine to produce the vibration position of frequency, particularly, according to the principle of vibration, position is the closer to vibration source, vibrates byer force, and the amplitude of mechanical vibration is larger.Hence one can see that, for the measuring point of vibration amplitude maximum, can know that this measuring point is vibration source or nearest apart from vibration source, and then can determine the generation concrete vibration position of this vibration frequency;
Step 5: determine the direction of transfer of mechanical vibration by vibration frequency, particularly, according to the size order of above-mentioned each measuring point amplitude of this frequency, can know the direction of transfer of this vibration; Because mechanical vibration can off-energy in transmittance process, thus in transmittance process, mechanical vibration just more and more a little less than, the size order of mechanical activation amplitude value on each measuring point drawing by arrangements, can know the direction of this frequency vibration transmission;
Step 6: predict the reason that tested mechanical fault produces, particularly, according to the vibration correspondence one of a characteristic frequency of mechanical vibration, specifically encourage, the impact that this specific excitation produces from mechanical proper vibration or this specific mechanical accident defect, so just surveys the reason of the generation that is out of order.
2. a mechanical fault method for detecting, for monitoring gear case, the vibration of bearing, generator, comprising:
Step 1: vibration transducer is installed at least two positions at tested machinery, to form at least two measuring points;
Step 2: utilize the spectrogram of the corresponding measuring point that vibration transducer captures, and find out the identical frequency that this correspondence measuring point all monitors;
Step 3: on rumble spectrum figure, the amplitude of the same frequency in these at least two different measuring points is sorted by size;
Step 4: determine the direction of transfer of mechanical vibration by vibration frequency, particularly, according to the size order of above-mentioned each measuring point amplitude of this frequency, can know the direction of transfer of this vibration; Because mechanical vibration can off-energy in transmittance process, thus in transmittance process, mechanical vibration just more and more a little less than, the size order of mechanical activation amplitude value on each measuring point drawing by arrangements, can know the direction of this frequency vibration transmission;
Step 5: determine to produce the vibration position of frequency, particularly, according to the principle of vibration, position is the closer to vibration source, vibrates byer force, and the amplitude of mechanical vibration is larger.Hence one can see that, for the measuring point of vibration amplitude maximum, can know that this measuring point is vibration source or nearest apart from vibration source, and then can determine the generation concrete vibration position of this vibration frequency;
Step 6: predict the reason that tested mechanical fault produces, particularly, according to the vibration correspondence one of a characteristic frequency of mechanical vibration, specifically encourage, the impact that this specific excitation produces from mechanical proper vibration or this specific mechanical accident defect, so just surveys the reason of the generation that is out of order.
3. a kind of mechanical fault method for detecting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 2, rumble spectrum figure is obtained vibration raw data by data processing module after FTT data transformation.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104931255A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-23 | 中国航空工业集团公司上海航空测控技术研究所 | Method for evaluating whether fault feature parameter of gearbox good or bad |
| CN107063428A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | The fault characteristic frequency display methods and device of a kind of on-line vibration monitoring system |
| CN107304750A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-10-31 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Abnormal sound detection method and system for tower of wind generating set |
| CN109765038A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2019-05-17 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | The deterioration method for detecting of the structural member of application structure unit |
| CN112648765A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-13 | 美的威灵电机技术（上海）有限公司 | Refrigeration device |
| CN115931319A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-04-07 | 圣名科技(广州)有限责任公司 | Fault diagnosis method, fault diagnosis device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN116256054A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-06-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司阳江供电局 | Fault monitoring method, system, equipment and medium for bridge arm reactor |
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| CN107304750A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-10-31 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Abnormal sound detection method and system for tower of wind generating set |
| CN107304750B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2019-04-02 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Abnormal sound detection method and system for tower of wind generating set |
| CN107063428A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | The fault characteristic frequency display methods and device of a kind of on-line vibration monitoring system |
| CN109765038A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2019-05-17 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | The deterioration method for detecting of the structural member of application structure unit |
| US10801914B2 (en) | 2017-11-10 | 2020-10-13 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Method for detecting deterioration defect of structural part using structural unit |
| CN112648765A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-13 | 美的威灵电机技术（上海）有限公司 | Refrigeration device |
| CN115931319A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-04-07 | 圣名科技(广州)有限责任公司 | Fault diagnosis method, fault diagnosis device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN115931319B (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-10-10 | 圣名科技(广州)有限责任公司 | Fault diagnosis method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN116256054A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-06-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司阳江供电局 | Fault monitoring method, system, equipment and medium for bridge arm reactor |
| CN116256054B (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-08-04 | 广东电网有限责任公司阳江供电局 | Fault monitoring method, system, equipment and medium for bridge arm reactor |
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